Intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc network

Abstract

The intelligent data acquisition unit is arranged on a dam body and comprises a protection box, a solar cell panel, a storage battery, an intelligent data acquisition unit body and a measurement sensor, a hole is drilled in the top of the dam body to form a logging well, a pressure measuring pipe is arranged in the logging well, a concrete base is poured on the dam body and above the logging well, and the pressure measuring pipe is arranged on the concrete base. The protection box is arranged above the concrete base, a solar cell panel is arranged on a top cover of the protection box, a storage battery and an intelligent data acquisition unit are arranged in the protection box, and the measurement sensor penetrates through the concrete base and is arranged in the pressure measuring pipe. According to the utility model, the acquisition module is integrated, so that the acquisition of the single-coil vibrating wire sensor is realized; flexible and free ad hoc network communication in industrial application is realized based on the LoRa module; through the design of the solar cell panel, the storage battery and the integrated charging control circuit, energy is saved, and the installation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering and belongs to the dam safety monitoring occasion, and specifically relates to an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting a self-organizing network. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy projects, dams are one of the most important infrastructures. The construction of dams usually requires careful and comprehensive consideration of factors such as natural conditions, building materials, construction sites, diversion, construction period, and cost. At present, the dams that have been put into operation in my country are uneven in design and construction technology. Some dams have been in operation for many years since their construction. The dams and natural factors such as the riverbed, river conditions, and water flow patterns in the section have long-term mutual influences. The dam body has been under stress for many years, and the safety of the building is difficult to guarantee. Once an accident occurs in the dam, the consequences will be extremely serious, causing serious harm to the safety of life and property of personnel, economy, ecology, etc. in the region. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in dam safety monitoring.

[0003] In recent decades, my country has invested huge R&D costs in dam safety monitoring technology, and has established a number of dam safety monitoring automation systems in order to grasp the safety status of dams, eliminate potential safety hazards in a timely manner, and reduce safety risks and possible disaster losses. In dam safety monitoring, the data acquisition unit is a device used to collect sensor measurement information and perform data communication after data processing. It is a key part of dam safety monitoring.

[0004] As a device used between sensors and control centers, the communication function of the data acquisition unit is one of the most important functions. For the safety monitoring of dams, sensors should be laid on the dam body to measure information such as seepage pressure, and the remote control center of the system is often located in a safe and convenient place far away from the dam and the river section. Therefore, data communication between the dam and the control center has become a major demand. At present, the data acquisition units and control centers used in the market are connected by optical cables, which have a long laying distance, complex installation, and high construction costs. Moreover, in reality, the same control center is often responsible for supervising multiple dams in the area at the same time, which increases the difficulty of on-site wiring. In addition, with the increase in the demand for dam safety monitoring, the administrative needs of dam management units, and the upgrading of equipment in the technology market, in actual applications, monitoring points are often added, reduced, and changed in the system to improve the dam safety monitoring and management effect. However, each such change requires re-applying for the network, redesigning the wiring, and re-establishing the communication network. At the same time, the change information must be recorded in a timely manner for subsequent operation and maintenance. It is obvious that the changes and upgrades to the system are intended to improve the system's operating performance, but the operation is so inflexible that it increases the difficulty of dam safety monitoring and reduces the efficiency of automation system upgrades, which is an obstacle to my country's dam safety management technology.

[0005] In response to these drawbacks, many units have begun to use wireless communication modules for wireless communication. Currently, the most widely used methods in the market are 4G or NB-IoT for wireless communication. Both of these communication methods rely on domestic operator base stations to build networks. Parameters need to be configured so that the module can create a SOCKET and establish communication with the control center. At the same time, communication can only work in the frequency band authorized by the operator, and network fees must be paid on time for normal use. Moreover, 4G and NB-IoT essentially rely on the operator's basic network facilities to work. After the corresponding modules are installed in the hardware equipment, it is first necessary to establish communication with the operator's base station. In remote areas or places with relatively harsh environments, if the signal of the operator's basic settings does not cover here, it cannot be used.

[0006] Based on the above description, the communication technology of the data acquisition unit still needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0007] The main technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking, with an integrated acquisition module, to realize the acquisition of single-coil vibrating string sensors; based on the LoRa module, a flexible and free ad hoc network communication in industrial applications is realized; by using solar panels, batteries and integrated charging control circuit design, the device uses solar energy to generate electricity when the sun is shining and stores electricity in the battery; when there is no sun, the battery is used to supply power, to ensure a stable power supply for the equipment, so that the equipment does not need to be powered by municipal electricity, thus saving energy and reducing installation costs.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting self-organizing network, which is arranged on the dam body, including a protection box, a solar panel, a battery, an intelligent data acquisition unit and a measuring sensor. A hole is drilled on the top of the dam body to form a well logging, and a pressure measuring tube is arranged in the well logging. A concrete base is cast on the dam body above the well logging. The protection box is arranged above the concrete base. A top cover is arranged on the top of the protection box and the side is fixed by a buckle. A solar panel is arranged on the top cover of the protection box, and an antenna is arranged on the top of the solar panel. A battery and an intelligent data acquisition unit are arranged in the protection box. The solar panel and the battery, the solar panel and the intelligent data acquisition unit, the battery and the intelligent data acquisition unit, the intelligent data acquisition unit and the antenna, and the intelligent data acquisition unit and the measuring sensor are respectively connected by cables, and the measuring sensor is arranged in the pressure measuring tube through the concrete base.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the protection box, solar cell panel, storage battery, intelligent data acquisition unit and measurement sensor are provided in multiple groups and are respectively arranged at different positions of the dam body.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the intelligent data acquisition unit includes an integrated charging control circuit, a LoRa module, a core microprocessor, a frequency amplification module, a frequency acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, an RS485 conversion circuit and a 4-way relay output circuit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the core microprocessor is connected to the integrated charging control circuit, the LoRa module, the frequency amplification module, the temperature acquisition module, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit, and the frequency acquisition module is connected to the frequency amplification module.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the integrated charging control circuit is connected to the solar panel and the battery, the LoRa module is connected to the antenna, the receiver and the sender respectively, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit are connected to the host computer respectively, and the frequency acquisition module and the temperature acquisition module are connected to the measurement sensor using wiring terminals respectively.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model points out an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking, with an integrated acquisition module, which realizes the acquisition of a single-coil vibrating string sensor; based on the LoRa module, a flexible and free ad hoc network communication in industrial applications is realized; by using solar panels, batteries and integrated charging control circuit design, the device uses solar energy to generate electricity when the sun is shining, and stores electricity in the battery; when there is no sun, the battery is used to supply power, ensuring a stable power supply for the equipment, so that the equipment does not need to be powered by city electricity, saving energy and reducing installation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a preferred embodiment of an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking of the utility model, taking an osmometer as an example;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an application schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking of the utility model, taking an osmometer as an example;

[0017] Figure 3This is a hardware structure diagram of a preferred embodiment of an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 The utility model is a logic flow chart of an intelligent data collection unit supporting ad hoc networking in a preferred embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1 Combination Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model includes:

[0021] An intelligent data acquisition unit supporting self-organizing network is arranged on a dam body 1, comprising a protection box 2, a solar cell panel 3, a storage battery 4, an intelligent data acquisition unit 5 and a measurement sensor 6.

[0022] Dam safety monitoring is to collect and monitor corresponding indicators for safety hazards such as dam body 1 structural damage, dam foundation leakage, dam surface deformation, etc.

[0023] A logging well 7 is drilled on the top of the dam body 1 , a pressure measuring tube 8 is arranged in the logging well 7 , and a concrete base 9 is cast above the logging well 7 on the dam body 1 to ensure stable installation of the pressure measuring tube 8 .

[0024] The protection box 2 is arranged above the concrete base 9. The protection box 2 is made of stainless steel to ensure the strength of use. The top of the protection box 2 is provided with a top cover and the side is fixed by a buckle lock for easy loading and unloading. The side and bottom of the protection box 2 and the top of the top cover are respectively provided with through holes to facilitate wiring installation.

[0025] A 10W solar panel 3 is provided on the top cover of the protection box 2 for solar power generation.

[0026] The top of the solar panel 3 is provided with an antenna 10 for enhancing signal transmission. The protection box 2 is provided with a battery 4 and an intelligent data acquisition unit 5. The battery 4 is a 12AH lithium battery for storing electric energy and supplying power to the intelligent data acquisition unit 5.

[0027] The solar panel 3 and the battery 4, the solar panel 3 and the intelligent data acquisition unit 5, the battery 4 and the intelligent data acquisition unit 5, the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 and the antenna 10, and the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 and the measurement sensor 6 are respectively connected by cables to ensure mutual communication between the modules.

[0028] The measuring sensor 6 passes through the concrete base 9 and is disposed in the pressure measuring tube 8, and is used to measure the current measuring position of the dam body 1. In the present application, the measuring sensor 6 is an osmometer, such as a vibrating wire osmometer.

[0029] The protection box 2, solar cell panel 3, storage battery 4, intelligent data acquisition unit 5 and measurement sensor 6 are provided in multiple groups and are respectively arranged at different positions of the dam body 1 to provide measurement data at different positions.

[0030] The above is only a typical installation method of the intelligent data acquisition unit 5. This installation method has extremely low cost and minimal construction difficulty. At the same time, it can make the fixation of the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 and the pressure measuring tube 8 very stable and firm, and can even resist small geological disasters. It is a reliable installation method for dam safety monitoring sites.

[0031] The intelligent data acquisition unit 5 includes an integrated charging control circuit, a LoRa module, a core microprocessor, a frequency amplification module, a frequency acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, an RS485 conversion circuit and a 4-way relay output circuit, and the frequency acquisition module, the frequency amplification module and the temperature acquisition module are integrated into an acquisition module. The core microprocessor is connected to the integrated charging control circuit, the LoRa module, the frequency amplification module, the temperature acquisition module, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit, and the frequency acquisition module is connected to the frequency amplification module; specifically, the integrated charging control circuit is connected to the solar panel 3 and the battery 4, the LoRa module is respectively connected to the antenna 10, the receiver and the sender, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit are respectively connected to the host computer, and the frequency acquisition module and the temperature acquisition module are respectively connected to the measurement sensor 6 using wiring terminals.

[0032] The integrated charging control circuit also has charging and discharging protection functions. It can convert the input voltage into the power supply voltage required by the device and adjust the voltage to protect the electronic equipment from voltage fluctuations and unstable power supply. It also has overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, and short-circuit protection functions to ensure that the equipment is not damaged by excessive current, excessive voltage, short circuit, etc.

[0033] The LoRa module is the core of the device for self-organizing networking and wireless communication. It is a wireless communication module developed based on the LoRa technology. After the device is powered on, the core microprocessor powers on the LoRa module to initialize the LoRa module. By configuring parameters such as communication mode, wireless air rate, communication channel, address, etc., the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 can realize data communication function.

[0034] The LoRa module supports air wake-up. If the communication partner of the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 is in sleep mode, the sender can automatically add a wake-up code in front of the message to wake up the receiver to receive data.

[0035] The LoRa module supports three basic communication modes: transparent transmission, directional transmission, and broadcast and data monitoring. ① Transparent transmission means that the data sent to devices with the same address and the same channel is completely transparent, and what is sent is what is received; ② Directed transmission refers to the situation where the addresses and channels of the devices that need to communicate are different from each other. By configuring the high address, low address, channel and other parameters, a message in the specified format is sent to achieve directional data transmission to the specified device; ③ Broadcast and data monitoring means that the data sent can be received by all communication nodes on the same channel according to the format of the message output according to the channel, so that the data transmission of all modules on the same channel can be monitored, and the broadcast and data monitoring functions within the channel are realized, which has a high application value in more complex automation systems. When switching communication modes, the LoRa module will automatically switch the format of the communication message according to different communication modes, and there will be no possibility of mistransmission or communication conflict.

[0036] Each time the LoRa module communicates, a CRC check is performed to ensure the reliability of communication. In practical applications where higher communication reliability is required, external devices such as serial communication and Wifi can also be used to monitor and verify the results of data transmission.

[0037] The intelligent data acquisition unit 5 can read remote parameter configuration and download data packets through the LoRa module to achieve the function of remote upgrading and management of the equipment.

[0038] The core microprocessor is based on an industrial-grade 32-bit multi-core microprocessor. All modules are electrically connected to the core microprocessor. The core microprocessor has the following functions:

[0039] 1) Information Collection

[0040] The core microprocessor is connected to the acquisition module through a serial port, and can collect information such as frequency and temperature measured by the osmometer.

[0041] 2) Data processing and transmission

[0042] After the core microprocessor collects the frequency and temperature measured by the osmometer, it can process the data according to MODBUS, standard hydrology / water resources communication protocols and other protocols, output messages that comply with the protocol and pass them to the LoRa module, which then sends the data to the communication object. It supports automatic reporting at fixed time intervals, and the reporting cycle supports custom settings.

[0043] 3) Linked alarm and control

[0044] It has 4 relay outputs, which can be linked to other devices for alarm and control. By programming the core microprocessor, it can be realized that when the measured data meets specific conditions, the control relay can be controlled accordingly, thereby producing a control effect on other devices. The device supports the configuration of preset limits, and when the measured data exceeds the limit, it can automatically realize local alarm and linkage control.

[0045] 4) System self-check

[0046] The device has a watchdog design. Once the device operates abnormally, it will restart automatically, and can automatically resume operation according to the previous parameter settings after power failure.

[0047] The acquisition module adopts a fully isolated acquisition method in hardware and has strong anti-interference ability. It can collect frequency, temperature and other information collected by the measurement sensor, and amplify and filter the signal to ensure the transmission quality of the signal, eliminate interference to the greatest extent, and ensure the authenticity, stability and reliability of the data. Finally, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal through a logic circuit and transmitted to the core microprocessor.

[0048] The data acquisition of single-coil vibrating-wire sensors is realized, such as vibrating-wire osmometers, vibrating-wire crack gauges, vibrating-wire strain gauges, vibrating-wire rebar gauges, etc. These sensors are widely used in dam safety monitoring in the field of water conservancy projects. Vibrating-wire osmometers usually have stainless steel diaphragms, vibrating wires, coils and other components. The measurement principle is to apply a variable-frequency pulse signal (scanning frequency) to the coil to make the vibrating wire vibrate and then collect the waveform. Osmometers usually also have thermistor elements to collect temperature. Single-coil vibrating-wire sensors measure the tension and vibration frequency of the internal vibrating-wire elements, and the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 can collect the signal of the vibrating-wire sensor, and finally calculate the monitoring data through the precise signal processing circuit in the acquisition module.

[0049] The serial port can be used for data transmission, and it has an RS485 conversion circuit, which can output RS485 signals and support the standard MODBUS RTU communication protocol. The RS485 conversion circuit includes an RS485 conversion chip and its peripheral circuits, which are used to convert the TTL serial port level signal output by the core processor into an RS485 level signal.

[0050] The 4-way relay output circuit has 4 channels, which can simultaneously connect 4 sensors and collect signals from them. Alternatively, the sensors in multiple well logging 7 can be connected to one intelligent data acquisition unit 5, thereby reducing the purchase amount of equipment and improving economic efficiency.

[0051] Based on the LoRa module, a flexible and free self-organizing network communication in industrial applications is realized.

[0052] An ad hoc network is a centerless, multi-node, self-organizing wireless communication network.

[0053] By configuring parameters, two-way communication occurs between two communication nodes. The communication distance between the two machines is 1-3.5km (without considering the antenna 10 gain effect).

[0054] The intelligent data acquisition unit 5 itself is a communication node, which can both send and receive data, and can form any network as needed within the communication distance.

[0055] In terms of application effects, it supports multiple communication modes and functions such as transparent transmission within the channel, directional transmission, one-to-many broadcasting, many-to-one transmission, and data monitoring.

[0056] Data communication based on LoRa modules works in free unlicensed frequency bands. The realization of communication does not require any network usage fees except for the purchase and deployment of communication nodes. The realization of communication does not rely on public facilities such as base stations, nor does it require other network equipment such as routers.

[0057] After the communication is established, nodes in the communication network can be added, deleted, or changed at any time. When the network topology changes, such as a new communication node joining the network or an existing node leaving the network, or the communication address of the original communication node changes, each communication node will automatically rebuild the route and quickly establish communication, thereby ensuring the stability of data transmission.

[0058] The communication node can act as a forwarding device to forward the data sent by the previous node to the next-level communication node, thereby realizing multi-hop forwarding of data and expanding the communication range.

[0059] The communication network is automatically networked according to the previously saved parameter configuration after the device is powered on, without other operations; when an abnormality occurs and the watchdog is triggered to automatically restart, it can automatically continue to work according to the previously set parameters.

[0060] LoRa module communication is based on spread spectrum technology. When there are obstacles or other situations in the communication route that lead to poor communication results, it can automatically select the transmission route with the best communication results.

[0061] Supports custom communication keys to improve the security of data communication.

[0062] The intelligent data acquisition unit 5 uses precise power consumption control to operate in an extremely low power consumption mode as a whole, and has a sleep mode. In the sleep mode, it supports air wake-up to ensure communication effect.

[0063] The data transmission in the communication network is only related to whether the LoRa module is working normally. It does not depend on the strength of the public network signal, nor will it be affected by factors such as bad weather and electromagnetic interference, resulting in communication failure. It has strong anti-interference ability.

[0064] In specific applications, the intelligent data acquisition unit 5 can collect the resonance waveform of sensors such as piezometers in real time through the acquisition module, receive the frequency, temperature and other information of the signal waveform measured by the sensor, perform corresponding signal processing and data conversion on the monitoring information according to the measurement principle, obtain monitoring data, and process the data in accordance with communication protocols such as MODBUS and standard hydrology / water resources communication protocols, and send it out through the LoRa module.

[0065] Each intelligent data acquisition unit 5 is a communication node that can send and receive data, and can forward the data sent by the previous communication node to achieve multi-hop forwarding of data. The intelligent data acquisition unit 5 realizes the communication function by configuring parameters. After the parameter configuration is completed, it automatically establishes the route and determines the data transmission path. If the network topology changes, such as a certain intelligent data acquisition unit 5 is disconnected, or a communication node is added to the network and the parameters are configured, each intelligent data acquisition unit 5 will automatically rebuild the route without powering off and restarting.

[0066] The data collected by each intelligent data collection unit 5 is finally fed into the intelligent measurement and control device equipped with the same LoRa module. The intelligent measurement and control device can receive data based on LoRa transmission, and can also transmit the data to the control center using wired / 4G / NB-IoT and other methods to achieve remote data monitoring and further data processing. If other recipients are also equipped with the same LoRa module, data reception can also be achieved.

[0067] The intelligent measurement and control device can transmit the control instructions issued by the control center to the intelligent data acquisition unit 5, thereby realizing operations such as data call measurement, remote equipment management, and remote upgrade of the intelligent data acquisition unit 5.

[0068] In summary, the utility model points out an intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking, which integrates an acquisition module and realizes the acquisition of a single-coil vibrating string sensor; based on the LoRa module, a flexible and free ad hoc network communication in industrial applications is realized; by using solar panels, batteries and integrated charging control circuit design, the device uses solar energy to generate electricity when the sun is shining and stores electricity in the battery; when there is no sun, the battery is used to supply power to ensure a stable power supply for the equipment, so that the equipment does not need to be powered by municipal electricity, saving energy and reducing installation costs.

[0069] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent data acquisition unit supporting self-organizing network, arranged on a dam body, characterized in that: It includes a protection box, a solar panel, a battery, an intelligent data acquisition unit and a measuring sensor. A well logging is formed by drilling a hole on the top of the dam body. A pressure measuring tube is arranged in the well logging. A concrete base is cast on the dam body above the well logging. The protection box is arranged above the concrete base. A top cover is arranged on the top of the protection box and the sides are fixed by buckles. A solar panel is arranged on the top cover of the protection box. An antenna is arranged on the top of the solar panel. A battery and an intelligent data acquisition unit are arranged in the protection box. The solar panel and the battery, the solar panel and the intelligent data acquisition unit, the battery and the intelligent data acquisition unit, the intelligent data acquisition unit and the antenna, and the intelligent data acquisition unit and the measuring sensor are connected by cables respectively. The measuring sensor passes through the concrete base and is arranged in the pressure measuring tube.

2. The intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection box, solar cell panel, storage battery, intelligent data acquisition unit and measurement sensor are arranged in multiple groups and are respectively arranged at different positions of the dam body.

3. The intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent data acquisition unit includes an integrated charging control circuit, a LoRa module, a core microprocessor, a frequency amplification module, a frequency acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, an RS485 conversion circuit and a 4-way relay output circuit.

4. The intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core microprocessor is connected with the integrated charging control circuit, the LoRa module, the frequency amplification module, the temperature acquisition module, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit, and the frequency acquisition module is connected with the frequency amplification module.

5. The intelligent data acquisition unit supporting ad hoc networking according to claim 3, characterized in that: The integrated charging control circuit is connected to the solar panel and the battery, the LoRa module is connected to the antenna, the receiver and the transmitter respectively, the RS485 conversion circuit and the 4-way relay output circuit are connected to the host computer respectively, and the frequency acquisition module and the temperature acquisition module are connected to the measurement sensor using wiring terminals respectively.

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