Biomass hot air boiler

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot blast stoves, and particularly relates to a biomass hot blast boiler which comprises a shell and a feeding mechanism fixed outside the side wall of the shell, a boiler body and a fan chamber are arranged in the shell, the boiler body comprises a main chamber and a second heat exchange chamber, and the main chamber comprises a combustion chamber and a first heat exchange cabin. The shell is provided with an air outlet, a smoke outlet and an air return opening. According to the biomass hot air boiler provided by the utility model, the utilization rate of heat generated during combustion of biomass particles is improved; the feeding speed of the feeding mechanism is controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, so that the temperature is controlled; and the biomass particles can be fully combusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot blast stoves, and in particular relates to a biomass hot blast boiler. Background Art

[0002] A hot air furnace is a kind of furnace that heats the air and discharges the heated air directly into the room to achieve the purpose of heating. Hot air furnaces are roughly divided into biomass hot air furnaces, natural gas hot air furnaces and oil hot air furnaces according to different energy sources. The fuel used by biomass hot air furnaces is biomass pellets, which are made of sawdust, various straws or construction wood waste as raw materials. They are compressed through a special biomass pellet manufacturing process to become a high-density and high-calorie quality fuel. Biomass fuel has the advantages of high heat, storage and transportation resistance, and can fully solve the problem of handling straw and other garbage caused by agricultural production, and has a positive effect on environmental governance and air quality improvement. Therefore, biomass pellets have broad development prospects and biomass boilers have a wide range of application scenarios.

[0003] The patent publication number CN209214109U provides a biomass hot air stove, which includes a body, a heat exchanger and a windshield. The body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the heat exchanger and the windshield are arranged in the body, the heat exchanger includes a smoke pipe, the windshield is located between the smoke pipes, so that the airflow flowing into the body from the air inlet flows through the smoke pipe in a predetermined route, the windshield includes a plurality of long strips of windshield strips, each of which has a plurality of vents on both sides, and each windshield strip is arranged between two adjacent smoke pipes, which can reduce the dead angle of blowing, improve the heat exchange effect and the service life of the hot air stove. However, there is a situation where the thermal efficiency conversion is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a biomass hot air boiler to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A biomass hot air boiler comprises a shell, a furnace body and a fan chamber are arranged in the shell, a feeding mechanism is arranged on one side outside the shell, the furnace body comprises a combustion chamber located at the lower part of the furnace body, a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber are arranged above the combustion chamber, a main circulation fan and a secondary circulation fan are arranged in the fan chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the secondary circulation fan is connected to the second heat exchange chamber;

[0007] Multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes are obliquely arranged in the first heat exchange chamber, and the outer walls of the multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes are perpendicular to the combustion chamber. Multiple rows of finned heat exchange tubes and multiple rows of bare tube heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged in the second heat exchange chamber, and the bare tube heat exchange tubes and the finned heat exchange tubes are staggered.

[0008] An air outlet and a smoke exhaust port are provided on the top of the shell, one end of the transverse heat exchange tube, the fin heat exchange tube and the light tube heat exchange tube is connected to the fan chamber, and the other end is connected to the air outlet, a plurality of smoke exhaust chambers are alternately provided at both ends of the fin heat exchange tube and the light tube heat exchange tube, and the smoke exhaust chamber is connected to the smoke exhaust port, a return air port connected to the fan chamber is provided on the upper part of one end of the shell, and a furnace body feed port connected to the feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the shell close to the feeding mechanism.

[0009] As an improvement, the feeding mechanism includes a floor-standing silo and a screw conveyor fixed on one side of the outer shell. The screw conveyor is arranged at an angle. One end of the screw conveyor is connected to the bottom of the floor-standing silo, and the other end is connected to the feed port of the furnace body. The screw conveyor includes a driving motor.

[0010] As a further improvement, the driving motor is driven and connected to a spiral shaft, the spiral shaft is fixedly connected to a spiral blade, a spiral shell is provided outside the spiral blade, one end of the spiral shell is provided with a spiral feed port, and the other end is provided with a spiral discharge port, the spiral feed port is connected to the bottom of the silo, and the spiral discharge port is connected to the furnace body feed port.

[0011] As a further improvement, the inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a refractory layer, the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber is provided with a furnace door, a combustion basket is provided in the middle of the bottom of the combustion chamber, a plurality of air vents are provided around the combustion basket, the combustion chamber is connected with the fan chamber through the air vents, a combustion-supporting mechanism is provided at the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber, a cleaning shovel is provided below the combustion basket, a cleaning door is provided on the side of the cleaning shovel away from the combustion-supporting mechanism, and the cleaning door is located directly below the furnace door.

[0012] As a further improvement, the furnace body feed port is fixedly connected with a feed pipe, the feed pipe is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the length of the feed pipe is equal to the thickness of the inner wall of the combustion chamber.

[0013] As a further improvement, the combustion-supporting mechanism includes a combustion-supporting fan arranged in the fan chamber, and the combustion-supporting fan is connected to the combustion chamber and is located below the combustion basket.

[0014] As a further improvement, the ash cleaning shovel is provided with an upright handle, the combustion basket is funnel-shaped, the top width of the combustion basket is greater than the bottom width, the bottom of the combustion basket is provided with a plurality of ash dropping holes, the diameter of the ash dropping holes is smaller than the diameter of the biomass particles, and the end of the combustion basket away from the furnace door is provided with a vertical frame wall, the vertical frame wall is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with an ignition device;

[0015] The cleaning shovel is provided with an upright handle; and an observation window is provided in the middle of the furnace door.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model provides a biomass hot air boiler, and the arrangement of the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber improves the utilization rate of the heat generated when the biomass particles are burned. The main circulation fan and the auxiliary circulation fan allow the gas to first enter the fan chamber for preheating, which further improves the utilization rate of the heat generated when the biomass particles are burned.

[0018] The biomass hot air boiler provided by the utility model is provided with a feeding mechanism, which can evenly add biomass particles into the combustion chamber in small amounts and multiple times, so that the biomass particles can be fully burned; the combustion basket is provided with air holes, and the combustion chamber is connected to the combustion-supporting fan through the air holes, so that the biomass particles can be further fully burned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model from another angle;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the first heat exchange chamber;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of finned heat exchange tubes and bare tube heat exchange tubes;

[0024] Among them: 1- shell, 11- air outlet, 12- smoke exhaust port, 13- return air port, 2- fan room, 21- main circulation fan, 22- auxiliary circulation fan, 23- combustion fan, 3- combustion chamber, 31- combustion basket, 32- feed pipe, 33- furnace door, 34- ash cleaning shovel, 35- ash cleaning door, 4- first heat exchange chamber, 41- transverse heat exchange tube, 5- second heat exchange chamber, 51- finned heat exchange tube, 52- bare tube heat exchange tube, 6- feeding mechanism, 61- floor silo, 62- screw conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the specific implementation methods and the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are only schematic diagrams, not actual drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the accompanying drawings may be omitted.

[0026] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a biomass hot air boiler comprises an outer shell 1, a furnace body and a fan chamber 2 are arranged in the outer shell 1, a feeding mechanism 6 is arranged on one side outside the outer shell 1, the furnace body comprises a main chamber and a second heat exchange chamber 5, the main chamber comprises a combustion chamber 3 and a first heat exchange chamber 4 arranged directly above the combustion chamber 3, the first heat exchange chamber 4 is connected to the second heat exchange chamber 5 and both are located at the upper part of the furnace body, the combustion chamber 3 is located at the lower part of the furnace body, a main circulation fan 21 is connected to the lower part of one side of the heat exchange chamber, a secondary circulation fan 22 is arranged at the lower part of one side of the second heat exchange chamber 5, and the main circulation fan 21 and the secondary circulation fan 22 are both located in the fan chamber 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the main circulation fan 21 and the auxiliary circulation fan 22 are both located in the fan chamber 2, so that the air enters the fan chamber 2 through the return air port 13 before entering the furnace body. The process preheats the air and effectively utilizes the heat emitted by the furnace body, avoiding heat waste.

[0030] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is provided in the first heat exchange chamber 4. Specifically, the temperature sensor is a resistive temperature probe. The temperature detected by the temperature sensor is used to control the feeding speed of the feeding mechanism 6 to achieve temperature control. When the temperature is higher than the set range, the feeding speed is reduced, and the temperature is lower than the set range, the feeding speed is increased.

[0031] A plurality of groups of transverse heat exchange tubes 41 are obliquely arranged in the first heat exchange chamber 4, a plurality of rows of finned heat exchange tubes 51 and a plurality of rows of bare tube heat exchange tubes 52 are vertically arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 5, and the bare tube heat exchange tubes 52 are alternately arranged with the finned heat exchange tubes 51. Specifically, the transverse heat exchange tubes 41, the finned heat exchange tubes 51 and the bare tube heat exchange tubes 52 are all made of ultra-thick wall seamless steel tubes.

[0032] An air outlet 11 and a smoke exhaust port 12 are provided at the top of the outer shell 1, one end of the transverse heat exchange tube 41 is connected to the fan chamber 2, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 11, and a plurality of smoke exhaust chambers are alternately provided at both ends of the finned heat exchange tube 51 and the light tube heat exchange tube 52, and the smoke exhaust chambers are connected to the smoke exhaust port 12. A return air port 13 is provided at the upper part of one end of the outer shell 1, and the return air port 13 is connected to the fan chamber 2. A furnace body feed port is provided on one side of the outer shell 1 close to the feeding mechanism 6, and the furnace body feed port is connected to the feeding mechanism 6.

[0033] The outer walls of the multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes 41 are perpendicular to the combustion chamber 3. The high temperature generated by the flame first passes through the transverse heat exchange tubes 41 above the combustion chamber 3, and a large amount of heat is absorbed by the outer walls of the transverse heat exchange tubes 41. The main circulation fan 21 allows the gas to first enter the fan chamber 2 for preheating, and then enter the multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes 41 for heating. The heated high-temperature gas is discharged from the air outlet 11.

[0034] The high temperature after the combustion of the biomass particles absorbs part of the heat through the combustion chamber 3 and the transverse heat exchange tube 41 in the first heat exchange chamber 4, and then enters the second heat exchange chamber 5. The secondary circulation fan 22 blows out the heat of the finned heat exchange tube 51 and the bare tube heat exchange tube 52, and mixes with the hot air blown out by the main circulation fan 21 in the first heat exchange chamber 4 through the air outlet 11 and is discharged.

[0035] The staggered arrangement of the smoke exhaust chambers allows the high-temperature smoke to circulate through different finned heat exchange tubes 51 and light tube heat exchange tubes 52. Finally, the low-temperature smoke after heat exchange is discharged through the smoke outlet to the subsequent water dust removal system of the biomass hot air boiler, reducing smoke pollution to the environment.

[0036] The feeding mechanism 6 includes a floor-standing silo 61 and a screw conveyor 62 fixed on one side of the outer shell 1. The screw conveyor 62 is arranged at an angle. One end of the screw conveyor 62 is connected to the bottom of the floor-standing silo 61, and the other end is connected to the feed port of the furnace body. The screw conveyor 62 includes a driving motor. Specifically, the driving motor is a stepping motor. The driving motor is connected to a spiral shaft. The spiral shaft is fixedly connected to a spiral blade. A spiral outer shell 1 is provided outside the spiral blade. A spiral feed port is provided at one end of the spiral outer shell 1, and a spiral discharge port is provided at the other end. The spiral feed port is connected to the bottom of the silo, and the spiral discharge port is connected to the feed port of the furnace body.

[0037] In this embodiment, the bottom of the floor silo 61 is conical and the upper part is square. The setting of the floor silo 61 allows more material to be added at one time, greatly extending the time interval between secondary additions. According to the design of this embodiment, each addition can be used for 8 to 10 hours at night, which reduces the workload of operators. The bottom end of the floor silo 61 contacts the ground, making the feeding operation simple and quick. When in use, the driving motor drives the spiral shaft to rotate, thereby driving the spiral blades to rotate, transporting the biomass particles from the spiral feed port to the spiral discharge port, and then causing the biomass particles to slide from the furnace body feed port to the near combustion chamber 3.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] like Figure 1-5 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the inner wall of the combustion chamber 3 is provided with a refractory layer, specifically, the refractory layer adopts high-strength refractory cement, a furnace door 33 is provided at the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber 3, and a combustion basket 31 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the combustion chamber 3, so that the heat around the combustion chamber 3 can be evenly dissipated, the combustion basket 31 is funnel-shaped, the top width of the combustion basket 31 is greater than the bottom width, and the bottom of the combustion basket 31 is provided with a plurality of ash holes, the diameter of the ash holes is smaller than the diameter of the biomass particles, and a vertical frame wall is provided at one end of the combustion basket 31 away from the furnace door 33, an opening is provided on the vertical frame wall, and an ignition device is provided at the opening, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided around the combustion basket, and the combustion chamber 3 is connected with the fan chamber 2 through the ventilation holes.

[0040] A combustion-supporting mechanism is provided at the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber 3, and a cleaning shovel 34 is provided under the combustion basket 31. A cleaning door 35 is provided on the side of the cleaning shovel 34 away from the combustion-supporting mechanism. The cleaning door 35 is located directly below the furnace door 33. The ash produced by the combustion of biomass particles falls directly into the cleaning shovel 34. Furthermore, the cleaning shovel 34 is provided with an upright handle. When cleaning, the ash can be directly dragged out in parallel to take out the cleaning drawer, and the ash can be put back in parallel after cleaning. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0041] The combustion-supporting mechanism includes a combustion-supporting fan 23 disposed in the fan chamber 2 . The combustion-supporting fan 23 is connected to the combustion chamber 3 and is located below the combustion basket 31 . The combustion-supporting fan 23 blows out air to fully burn the biomass particles in the combustion chamber 3 .

[0042] The feed port of the furnace body is fixedly connected with a feed pipe 32, which is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the combustion chamber 3. The length of the feed pipe 32 is flush with the thickness of the inner wall of the combustion chamber 3. Specifically, the angle of the feed pipe 32 is reasonably designed so that the place where the biomass particles slide down is the middle of the combustion basket 31. The length of the feed pipe 32 is reasonably designed and does not protrude into the combustion chamber 3. The feed pipe 32 does not penetrate into the combustion chamber 3, thereby avoiding damage to the feed pipe 32 due to long-term roasting; the feed pipe 32 is designed above the combustion chamber 3, and is far away from the combustion basket 31, but the drop position is accurate, so that the biomass particles can be accurately and evenly scattered in the combustion basket 31. The operation of the stepper motor is controlled by a program, so as to accurately control the feeding frequency, so as to achieve a stable combustion and continuous and stable output of hot air working mode while burning and feeding. This mode will not cause problems such as excessive feeding causing accumulation and insufficient combustion and insufficient feeding causing flameout.

[0043] An observation window is provided in the middle of the furnace door 33. Furthermore, the observation window is made of high-strength and high-temperature resistant glass, so that the situation in the combustion chamber 3 and the combustion situation of the biomass particles can be observed, so that problems can be discovered and dealt with in time.

[0044] The specific implementation methods of the utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass hot air boiler, comprising a shell, characterized in that: A furnace body and a fan chamber are provided in the shell, a feeding mechanism is provided on one side outside the shell, the furnace body includes a combustion chamber located at the lower part of the furnace body, a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber are provided above the combustion chamber, a main circulation fan and a secondary circulation fan are provided in the fan chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the secondary circulation fan is connected to the second heat exchange chamber; Multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes are obliquely arranged in the first heat exchange chamber, and the outer walls of the multiple groups of transverse heat exchange tubes are perpendicular to the combustion chamber. Multiple rows of finned heat exchange tubes and multiple rows of bare tube heat exchange tubes are vertically arranged in the second heat exchange chamber, and the bare tube heat exchange tubes and the finned heat exchange tubes are staggered. An air outlet and a smoke exhaust port are provided on the top of the shell, one end of the transverse heat exchange tube, the fin heat exchange tube and the light tube heat exchange tube is connected to the fan chamber, and the other end is connected to the air outlet, a plurality of smoke exhaust chambers are alternately provided at both ends of the fin heat exchange tube and the light tube heat exchange tube, and the smoke exhaust chamber is connected to the smoke exhaust port, a return air port connected to the fan chamber is provided on the upper part of one end of the shell, and a furnace body feed port connected to the feeding mechanism is provided on one side of the shell close to the feeding mechanism.

2. A biomass hot air boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a floor-standing silo fixed on one side of the shell and a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor is arranged at an angle. One end of the screw conveyor is connected to the bottom of the floor-standing silo, and the other end is connected to the feed port of the furnace body. The screw conveyor includes a driving motor.

3. A biomass hot air boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving motor is driven and connected to a spiral shaft, and the spiral shaft is fixedly connected to a spiral blade. A spiral shell is provided outside the spiral blade. A spiral feed port is provided at one end of the spiral shell, and a spiral discharge port is provided at the other end. The spiral feed port is communicated with the bottom of the silo, and the spiral discharge port is communicated with the feed port of the furnace body.

4. A biomass hot air boiler according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a refractory layer, the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber is provided with a furnace door, a combustion basket is provided in the middle of the bottom of the combustion chamber, a plurality of air vents are provided around the combustion basket, the combustion chamber is connected with the fan chamber through the air vents, a combustion-supporting mechanism is provided at the bottom of one side of the combustion chamber, a cleaning shovel is provided below the combustion basket, a cleaning door is provided on the side of the cleaning shovel away from the combustion-supporting mechanism, and the cleaning door is located directly below the furnace door.

5. The biomass hot air boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The furnace body feed port is fixedly connected with a feed pipe, and the feed pipe is obliquely inserted into the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the length of the feed pipe is equal to the thickness of the inner wall of the combustion chamber.

6. The biomass hot air boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The combustion-supporting mechanism comprises a combustion-supporting fan arranged in the fan chamber, and the combustion-supporting fan is communicated with the combustion chamber and is located below the combustion basket.

7. The biomass hot air boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ash cleaning shovel is provided with an upright handle, the combustion basket is funnel-shaped, the top width of the combustion basket is greater than the bottom width, the bottom of the combustion basket is provided with a plurality of ash dropping holes, the diameter of the ash dropping holes is smaller than the diameter of the biomass particles, and the end of the combustion basket away from the furnace door is provided with a vertical frame wall, the vertical frame wall is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with an ignition device; The cleaning shovel is provided with an upright handle; and an observation window is provided in the middle of the furnace door.

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