Water-rich stratum shield tunnel face soil cabin pressure range testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering building construction, in particular to a water-rich stratum shield tunnel face soil cabin pressure range testing device which comprises a test box, a soil body and a pneumatic pump, a shield tunnel is installed on the side face of the test box, and a shield cutter head is inserted into the shield tunnel. A soil cabin is arranged in the shield cutter head, a tunnel face is arranged on the surface of the shield cutter head, an air pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the soil cabin, an optical fiber displacement sensor is attached to the tunnel face, the output end of the air pressure pump is fixedly connected with a pipeline, and one end of the pipeline is communicated with the soil cabin. In the test process, the pressure in the fixed shield soil cabin is set through the pneumatic pump, the deformation and air pressure value of the tunnel face are recorded according to the displacement and air pressure sensor when the air pressure is stable, then the quantity value of the pneumatic pump is adjusted for many times, the quantity value of the displacement and air pressure sensor is recorded, and an air pressure-displacement curve is drawn. And giving a suitable pressure range of the shield tunnel soil cabin according to a curve result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, in particular to a device for testing the pressure range of soil compartments on the face of a shield tunnel in a water-rich stratum. Background Art

[0002] Earth pressure balance shield (EPB) is widely used in tunnel construction because of its wide application and small impact on the surrounding environment. During the construction of shield tunnels, the shield cutter continuously cuts the strata, which often causes the cutter to wear continuously. Excessively worn cutters will reduce their efficiency in cutting the soil, thus affecting the construction progress. In actual projects, once the problem of excessive cutter wear occurs, operators are required to enter the shield soil compartment to "change cutters under pressure."

[0003] The pressure in the soil chamber is to balance the water and soil pressure of the face and prevent the collapse of the face and groundwater leakage when the operators enter the soil chamber to change tools, which seriously affects their life safety. However, too low soil chamber pressure is not enough to maintain the stability of the face, and too high soil chamber pressure may have a certain impact on the personal safety of the operators. At present, the value of soil chamber pressure is mostly selected based on experience, which is somewhat blind. Therefore, a soil chamber pressure testing device for the face of shield tunnel in water-rich strata is proposed to select the soil chamber pressure of shield tunnel in water-rich strata, which can provide guidance and reference for actual engineering. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the following shortcomings in the prior art: the selection of the value of the soil compartment pressure is mostly based on experience, which has a certain degree of blindness, and a device for testing the soil compartment pressure range of a shield tunnel face in water-rich strata is proposed.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for testing the pressure range of a soil compartment at a shield tunnel face in a water-rich stratum comprises a test box, soil and an air pressure pump, wherein the soil is placed in the test box and an extrusion assembly for extruding the soil is provided on the test box;

[0007] A circular hole is opened on the side of the test box, a shield tunnel is fixedly installed in the circular hole, a shield cutter head is inserted in the shield tunnel, a soil compartment is provided inside the shield cutter head, and a tunnel face is provided on the surface, an air pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the soil compartment, an optical fiber displacement sensor is attached to the tunnel face, an output end of the air pressure pump is fixedly connected to a pipeline, and the end of the pipeline away from the air pressure pump is connected to the soil compartment.

[0008] Preferably, the extrusion assembly includes a support frame fixedly mounted on the test box, a plurality of first cylinders fixedly mounted on the support frame, a first pressure plate fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first cylinder, a plurality of second cylinders respectively fixedly mounted on both side surfaces of the test box and two second pressure plates, the two second pressure plates are respectively fixedly connected to the output shafts of the second cylinders on both side surfaces of the test box, and both ends of the second pressure plates are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the test box.

[0009] Preferably, a rectangular groove is provided at the upper ends of the two second pressure plates, a rectangular plate is slidably installed in the two rectangular grooves, a plurality of spring rods are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the two rectangular plates, one end of the spring rod away from the rectangular plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove, and the upper end of the rectangular plate is in sliding contact with the lower surface of the first pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, a rotation groove is opened at the upper end of the rectangular plate, a rolling column is rotatably installed in the rotation groove, and the surface of the rolling column is in rolling contact with the lower surface of the first pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a sealing gasket is fixedly installed in the rectangular groove, and the sealing gasket is made of rubber material.

[0012] Preferably, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are fixedly installed on both sides of the test box, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both connected to the inside of the test box.

[0013] In the utility model, the beneficial effects are:

[0014] 1. During the test, a fixed pressure in the shield soil cabin is set by an air pressure pump, and the deformation and air pressure values ​​of the tunnel face when the air pressure is stable are recorded by the displacement and air pressure sensors. Then the air pressure pump values ​​are adjusted several times and the displacement and air pressure sensor values ​​are recorded, and the air pressure-displacement curve is drawn. The appropriate range of shield tunnel soil cabin pressure is given according to the curve results;

[0015] 2. The device of the present invention is simple to design and manufacture, and the test process is convenient and quick, and easy to operate;

[0016] 3. The test principle is simple and reliable. It restores the state of soil under groundwater and soil pressure, ensuring the reliability of data to the greatest extent. It can be used multiple times to test the soil compartment pressure under different burial depths, strata and hydrological environments of shield tunnels.

[0017] 4. The final evaluation method is simple, intuitive and effective, and can provide recommended values ​​for soil compartment pressure, which can provide good guidance and reference for actual projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of a device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in water-rich strata proposed by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of a device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in water-rich strata proposed by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a test box in a device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in water-rich strata proposed by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional explosion structure of the second pressure plate and the rectangular plate in a device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in water-rich strata proposed by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 The utility model provides a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel face in a device for testing the soil compartment pressure range of a tunnel face in a water-rich stratum shield tunnel.

[0023] In the figure: 1 test box, 2 soil, 3 air pressure pump, 4 shield tunnel, 5 shield cutter head, 6 soil compartment, 7 face, 8 air pressure sensor, 9 optical fiber displacement sensor, 10 pipeline, 11 support frame, 12 first cylinder, 13 first pressure plate, 14 second cylinder, 15 second pressure plate, 16 rectangular plate, 17 spring rod, 18 rolling column, 19 water inlet pipe, 20 water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in a water-rich stratum comprises a test box 1, a soil body 2 and an air pressure pump 3. The soil body 2 is placed in the test box 1. The test box 1 is provided with an extrusion assembly for extruding the soil body 2. An inlet pipe 19 and an outlet pipe 20 are fixedly installed on both sides of the test box 1. The inlet pipe 19 and the outlet pipe 20 are both connected to the inside of the test box 1. The air pressure pump 3 can manually fix the air pressure.

[0027] A circular hole is opened on the side of the test box 1, and a shield tunnel 4 is fixedly installed in the circular hole. A shield cutter head 5 is inserted in the shield tunnel 4. A soil compartment 6 is provided inside the shield cutter head 5, and a tunnel face 7 is provided on the surface. An air pressure sensor 8 is fixedly installed in the soil compartment 6, and an optical fiber displacement sensor 9 is attached to the tunnel face 7. The output end of the air pressure pump 3 is fixedly connected to a pipe 10, and the end of the pipe 10 away from the air pressure pump 3 is connected to the soil compartment 6.

[0028] (1) When conducting the experiment, the soil 2 is filled into the test box 1, then the soil 2 inside the shield tunnel 4 is cleaned, and the optical fiber displacement sensor 9 is fixed to the tunnel face 7.

[0029] (2) Install the air pressure sensor 8 into the shield soil chamber 6, fix the air pressure pump 3 and its pipeline 10, and install the other end of the pipeline 10 into the shield soil chamber 6, and then install the shield cutter head 5 and the soil chamber 6 inside the shield tunnel 4.

[0030] (3) Injecting groundwater into the soil 2 through the water inlet pipe 19 until the groundwater reaches a predetermined groundwater level, and then using the extrusion assembly to make the soil 2 consistent with the surrounding rock pressure of the soil at the tunnel face 7 in the actual project.

[0031] (4) After the pressure and groundwater level are stable, the pressure in the shield soil chamber 6 is fixed, and the deformation and air pressure value of the tunnel face 7 when the air pressure is stable are recorded according to the optical fiber displacement sensor 9 and the air pressure sensor 8. Then, the value of the air pressure pump 3 is adjusted multiple times and the values ​​of the optical fiber displacement sensor 9 and the air pressure sensor 8 are recorded to draw the air pressure-displacement curve. When the pressure in the soil chamber 6 is too small, the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is displaced and deformed in the direction of the shield tunnel 4. When the pressure in the soil chamber 6 is too large, the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is displaced in the direction of the external soil 2. The soil chamber 6 pressure corresponding to the horizontal deformation of the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is close to zero is selected as the appropriate range.

[0032] The extrusion assembly includes a support frame 11 fixedly mounted on the test box 1, a plurality of first cylinders 12 fixedly mounted on the support frame 11, a first pressing plate 13 fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first cylinder 12, a plurality of second cylinders 14 and two second pressing plates 15 respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the test box 1, the two second pressing plates 15 are respectively fixedly connected to the output shafts of the second cylinders 14 on both sides of the test box 1, and both ends of the second pressing plates 15 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the test box 1;

[0033] When squeezing the soil, the first cylinder 12 is first started to drive the first pressure plate 13 to squeeze the top of the soil 2, and then the second cylinder 14 is started to drive the two second pressure plates 15 to approach each other, thereby squeezing the two sides of the soil 2 in the test box 1, so that the soil 2 is consistent with the surrounding rock pressure of the soil at the tunnel face 7 in the actual project.

[0034] A rectangular groove is formed at the upper ends of the two second pressing plates 15, and a rectangular plate 16 is slidably installed in the two rectangular grooves. A plurality of spring rods 17 are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the two rectangular plates 16, and one end of the spring rod 17 away from the rectangular plate 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove, and the upper end of the rectangular plate 16 is in sliding contact with the lower surface of the first pressing plate 13;

[0035] When the first pressing plate 13 is pressed down, the two rectangular plates 16 will be pressed down, the two rectangular plates 16 will enter the rectangular grooves, and the spring rods 17 will be compressed. When the two second pressing plates 15 are close to each other, the two rectangular plates 16 will be driven to approach each other, and the upper ends of the rectangular plates 16 will slide in contact with the lower surface of the first pressing plate 13. Therefore, when the second pressing plate 15 squeezes the soil 2, no soil 2 will pass through the first rectangular plate 13 and the second pressing plate 15, thereby ensuring that all soil 2 in the test box 1 can be squeezed, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0036] A rotating groove is opened at the upper end of the rectangular plate 16, and a rolling column 18 is rotatably installed in the rotating groove. The surface of the rolling column 18 is in rolling contact with the lower surface of the first pressure plate 13. When the upper end of the rectangular plate 16 and the lower surface of the first pressure plate 13 slide relative to each other, the rolling column 18 can effectively reduce the friction between the rectangular plate 16 and the first pressure plate 13.

[0037] A sealing gasket is fixedly installed in the rectangular groove. The sealing gasket is made of rubber and can prevent the soil 2 in the test box 1 from entering the rectangular groove and affecting the movement of the rectangular plate 16 .

[0038] In the utility model, the deformation and air pressure value of the tunnel face 7 when the air pressure is stable are recorded according to the optical fiber displacement sensor 9 and the air pressure sensor 8, and then the value of the air pressure pump 3 is adjusted multiple times and the values ​​of the optical fiber displacement sensor 9 and the air pressure sensor 8 are recorded to draw an air pressure-displacement curve. When the pressure in the soil chamber 6 is too small, the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is displaced and deformed in the direction of the shield tunnel 4. When the pressure in the soil chamber 6 is too large, the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is displaced in the direction of the external soil 2. The soil chamber 6 pressure corresponding to the horizontal deformation of the soil 2 of the tunnel face 7 is close to zero is selected as the appropriate range.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in a water-rich stratum, comprising a test box (1), a soil body (2) and an air pressure pump (3), characterized in that: The soil body (2) is placed in a test box (1), and the test box (1) is provided with an extrusion assembly for extruding the soil body (2); A circular hole is opened on the side of the test box (1), a shield tunnel (4) is fixedly installed in the circular hole, a shield cutter head (5) is inserted in the shield tunnel (4), a soil compartment (6) is provided inside the shield cutter head (5), and a tunnel face (7) is provided on the surface, an air pressure sensor (8) is fixedly installed in the soil compartment (6), and an optical fiber displacement sensor (9) is attached to the tunnel face (7), and an output end of the air pressure pump (3) is fixedly connected to a pipeline (10), and an end of the pipeline (10) away from the air pressure pump (3) is connected to the soil compartment (6).

2. The device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a water-rich stratum shield tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The extrusion assembly comprises a support frame (11) fixedly mounted on the test box (1), a plurality of first cylinders (12) fixedly mounted on the support frame (11), a first pressing plate (13) fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first cylinder (12), a plurality of second cylinders (14) and two second pressing plates (15) respectively fixedly mounted on both side surfaces of the test box (1), the two second pressing plates (15) being respectively fixedly connected to the output shafts of the second cylinders (14) on both side surfaces of the test box (1), and both ends of the second pressing plates (15) being in sliding contact with the inner wall of the test box (1).

3. The device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a water-rich stratum shield tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper ends of the two second pressing plates (15) are each provided with a rectangular groove, in which a rectangular plate (16) is slidably installed, and the lower ends of the two rectangular plates (16) are fixedly installed with a plurality of spring rods (17), and one end of the spring rod (17) away from the rectangular plate (16) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rectangular groove, and the upper end of the rectangular plate (16) is in sliding contact with the lower surface of the first pressing plate (13).

4. The device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a water-rich stratum shield tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A rotation groove is provided at the upper end of the rectangular plate (16), a rolling column (18) is rotatably installed in the rotation groove, and the surface of the rolling column (18) is in rolling contact with the lower surface of the first pressing plate (13).

5. The device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a water-rich stratum shield tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A sealing gasket is fixedly installed in the rectangular groove, and the sealing gasket is made of rubber material.

6. The device for testing the pressure range of the soil compartment at the face of a shield tunnel in water-rich strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet pipe (19) and a water outlet pipe (20) are fixedly mounted on two sides of the test box (1), respectively; the water inlet pipe (19) and the water outlet pipe (20) are both connected to the interior of the test box (1).

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