High-voltage heater
By using ceramic fiber insulating insulation layer and super-advanced resistivity spiral electric heating wire in high voltage electric heaters, combined with ceramic insulating plate and fixing rod, the problem of reducing insulation at high voltage is solved, and high High-efficiency heating and mechanical strength at voltages reduce the volume to 1/3 of that of traditional electric heaters.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323506005.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-21
AI Technical Summary
Traditional electric heaters have reduced insulation and dielectric strength at high voltages, resulting in an increase in the risk of breakdown and it is difficult to adapt to voltage applications above 6KV.
Using ceramic fiber insulation insulation layer and super-advanced resistivity spiral heating wire, combined with ceramic insulation plate and fixing rod, external coating and protective gas, enhance insulation performance and dielectric strength, and design through support tubes and heat exchange coils Reduce the volume.
It significantly improves insulation performance and dielectric strength, reduces the volume to 1/3 of traditional electric heaters, and increases mechanical strength and anti-oxidation capacity, suitable for high voltage and high temperature environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN222356567U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric heaters, in particular to a high-voltage heater. Background Art
[0002] At present, traditional circulating electric heaters are not suitable for high voltage operation, especially voltages above 6KV. The main reason is that the insulation material of traditional electric heaters is magnesium oxide powder. As the temperature rises, the insulation and dielectric strength of magnesium oxide powder will significantly decrease. Once high voltage is applied, the electric heater is very easy to break down. Therefore, the insulation material is the bottleneck of high voltage and high temperature applications.
[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high voltage heater to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-voltage heater. The electric heater of the utility model can significantly improve the insulation performance and increase the dielectric strength. Moreover, the power of the electric heater of the utility model is three times that of the traditional electric heater, and the volume is greatly reduced.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a high-voltage heater, comprising: a container shell, an insulating layer, a heat exchange coil and an electric heating element; the heat exchange coil is built into the interior of the container shell, and the insulating layer is provided on the inner wall of the container shell, and a plurality of electric heating elements are circumferentially provided on the insulating layer; and the insulating layer is a ceramic fiber layer.
[0006] Preferably, the container shell consists of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an annular cover plate, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both upper and lower opening structures, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are coaxially sleeved, and the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are integrally connected through the annular cover plate.
[0007] Preferably, the heat exchange coil comprises: an outer heat exchange coil, an inner heat exchange coil, a support tube, a shunt tube, a converging tube, an inlet tube and an outlet tube; the inner heat exchange coil and the outer heat exchange coil are coaxially arranged inside and outside, and a plurality of support tubes are circumferentially arranged between the inner heat exchange coil and the outer heat exchange coil, the lower end of the support tube is connected with the shunt tube, and the upper end is respectively connected with the upper end of the inner heat exchange coil and the outer heat exchange coil, the lower ends of the inner heat exchange coil and the outer heat exchange coil are connected with the converging tube, and the inlet tube and the outlet tube are respectively connected with the shunt tube and the converging tube.
[0008] Preferably, the flow divider and the flow collector are both annular tube structures, and the outer heat exchange coil and the inner heat exchange coil are both spiral coil structures.
[0009] Preferably, the electric heating element comprises: a ceramic insulating plate, a ceramic fixing rod and a spiral heating wire; the spiral heating wire is embedded in the ceramic insulating plate, and the ceramic insulating plate is fastened to the insulating layer through the ceramic fixing rod.
[0010] Preferably, the ceramic insulating plate further comprises two parallel embedded cavities, so that the ceramic insulating plate forms an E-shaped structure.
[0011] Preferably, the spiral heating wire is made of a heating material with ultra-high resistivity, and the long-term use temperature can reach 1600°C.
[0012] Preferably, the outer surfaces of the spiral heating wire and the heat exchange coil are coated with a coating with ultra-high dielectric strength.
[0013] Preferably, the heater further includes a filled protective gas for increasing the dielectric strength between the spiral heating wire and the heat exchange coil and preventing oxidation of the spiral heating wire.
[0014] Preferably, it also includes a high-voltage distribution box and lead-in rods, wherein the high-voltage distribution box is installed on the top of the heater, and a plurality of lead-in rods are electrically connected to the high-voltage distribution box, and the lead-in rods are electrically connected to the upper end of the spiral heating wire.
[0015] Preferably, temperature sensors are installed on the heat exchange coil and near the spiral heating wire to protect the heat exchange coil and the spiral heating wire from over-temperature.
[0016] Preferably, the surface heating power of the spiral heating wire decreases from top to bottom.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] 1. The ceramic fiber thermal insulation material used in the utility model is made of high-purity fiber, which has good thermal insulation performance and excellent dielectric resistance. It is both a thermal insulation material and an insulating material for the outer shell of the heating wire, which makes it possible to use high voltage for radiation heating.
[0019] 2. The utility model has several support tubes, which, by virtue of the flow of low-temperature fluid, have sufficient mechanical strength to support the internal and external heat exchange coils. It is both a support tube and a heat exchange tube, which reduces the volume of the entire equipment and also reduces the heat dissipation energy consumption.
[0020] 3. The utility model prevents ionization between the electrode and the ground under high temperature and high voltage by coating the outer surface of the spiral heating wire and the outer surface of the heat exchange coil with a coating of ultra-high dielectric strength. The spiral heating wire adopts a heating material with ultra-high resistivity, and the long-term use temperature can reach 1600℃, which is particularly suitable for high voltage occasions. Protective gas is filled around the heat exchange coil to prevent oxidation of the components.
[0021] 4. The heater of the utility model adopts a vertical design. Under the condition of the same output power, the volume of the electric heater of the utility model is 1 / 3 of the volume of the traditional electric heater. That is, for equipment of the same size, the power of the electric heater of the utility model is 3 times that of the traditional electric heater, which greatly reduces the volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 This is a top sectional view of the structure of a high voltage heater provided by the utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of a high-voltage heater provided by the utility model.
[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the electric heating element in the utility model.
[0025] In the figure: 1-container shell, 2-insulating layer, 3-heat exchange coil, 31-external heat exchange coil, 32-inner heat exchange coil, 33-support pipe, 34-diverter pipe, 35-collector pipe, 36-inlet pipe, 37-outlet pipe, 4-electric heating element, 41-ceramic insulating plate, 411-embedded cavity, 42-ceramic fixing rod, 43-spiral heating wire, 5-high voltage distribution box, 51-lead rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the utility model will become clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the utility model.
[0027] Embodiment 1:
[0028] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a high-voltage heater, comprising: a container shell 1, an insulating thermal insulation layer 2, a heat exchange coil 3 and an electric heating element 4; the heat exchange coil 3 is built into the interior of the container shell 1, and an insulating thermal insulation layer 2 is provided on the inner wall of the container shell 1, and a plurality of electric heating elements 4 are circumferentially provided on the insulating thermal insulation layer 2; wherein the insulating thermal insulation layer 2 is a ceramic fiber layer.
[0029] The container shell 1 is composed of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an annular cover plate. Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are upper and lower opening structures. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are coaxially sleeved, and the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are integrally connected through the annular cover plate; thereby, the axial cavity of the inner cylinder forms a heat dissipation cavity for upward and downward convection of airflow, so as to reduce the surface temperature of the inner cylinder.
[0030] The heat exchange coil 3 includes: an outer heat exchange coil 31, an inner heat exchange coil 32, a support tube 33, a shunt tube 34, a converging tube 35, an inlet tube 36 and an outlet tube 37; the inner heat exchange coil 32 and the outer heat exchange coil 31 are coaxially arranged inside and outside, and a plurality of support tubes 33 are arranged circumferentially between the inner heat exchange coil 32 and the outer heat exchange coil 31, the lower end of the support tube 33 is connected to the shunt tube 34, and the upper end is respectively connected to the upper end of the inner heat exchange coil 32 and the outer heat exchange coil 31, the lower end of the inner heat exchange coil 32 and the outer heat exchange coil 31 is connected to the converging tube 35, and the inlet tube 36 and the outlet tube 37 are respectively connected to the shunt tube 34 and the converging tube 35. The low temperature characteristics of the low temperature fluid flowing in the support tube 33 are fully utilized to ensure that the support tube 33 has sufficient mechanical strength to support the two double-layer spiral coils. At the same time, due to the flow of fluid in the support tube 33, it exchanges heat with the spiral heating wire 43 and the surrounding heat exchange coil 3, and also exchanges heat with the internal fluid. It is both a support tube 33 and a heat exchange tube.
[0031] The flow divider 34 and the flow converging pipe 35 are both annular pipe structures, and the outer heat exchange coil 31 and the inner heat exchange coil 32 are both spiral coil structures. The fluid flows in the spiral coil, increasing the secondary flow and further increasing the heat transfer coefficient between the heat exchange coil 3 and the fluid.
[0032] The electric heating element 4 includes: a ceramic insulating plate 41, a ceramic fixing rod 42 and a spiral heating wire 43; the spiral heating wire 43 is embedded in the ceramic insulating plate 41, and the ceramic insulating plate 41 is fastened to the insulating and heat-insulating layer 2 through the ceramic fixing rod 42. The entire electric heating element 4 is installed on the ceramic fiber insulating and heat-insulating layer 2, which is both a heat-insulating layer and an insulating material between the electric heating element 4 and the container shell 1.
[0033] The ceramic insulating plate 41 further includes two parallel embedding cavities 411 , so that the ceramic insulating plate 41 forms an E-shaped structure.
[0034] The heater also includes a protective gas filled therein, which is used to increase the dielectric strength between the spiral heating wire 43 and the heat exchange coil 3 and prevent the spiral heating wire 43 from being oxidized.
[0035] The high-voltage distribution box 5 and lead-in wire rods 51 are also included. The high-voltage distribution box 5 is installed on the top of the heater to ensure the personal safety of the system operator. At the same time, the distribution box is also filled with nitrogen for protection. The high-voltage distribution box 5 is electrically connected to a plurality of lead-in wire rods 51, and the lead-in wire rods 51 are electrically connected to the upper end of the spiral heating wire 43.
[0036] It also includes the following working principle: the heated fluid enters the diverter pipe 34 from the inlet pipe 36 of the medium inlet, and then is sent to the top of the heat exchange coil 3 through the support pipe 33. The support pipe 33 is both a support for the inner and outer coils and a heat exchange pipe, and then enters the converging pipe 35 through the inner and outer coils, and then to the outlet pipe 37 of the medium outlet. The electric heating element 4 fixes the spiral heating wire 43 on the insulating layer 2 through the ceramic insulating plate 41 and the ceramic fixing rod 42. The insulating layer 2 is both the insulation of the equipment and the insulating layer between the spiral heating wire 43 and the container shell 1. The electric heating element 4 is energized to heat and transfer energy to the heat exchange coil 3 by radiation. The heat exchange coil 3 exchanges heat with the medium flowing inside it to meet the requirements of the medium outlet temperature.
[0037] Embodiment 2:
[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment 1, it also includes the following: the outer surface of the spiral heating wire 43 and the outer surface of the heat exchange coil 3 are coated with a coating of ultra-high dielectric strength. The above coating is prepared by mixing boron nitride, zirconium oxide, etc. according to a certain proportion of formula. This high-strength coating is a material with high dielectric strength, which can fully reduce the electrical stress around the heating wire. It is also an excellent blackening material, which increases the radiation coefficient of the heating wire and the heat exchange coil 3. It is used to prevent ionization between the electrode and the ground under high temperature and high voltage; the spiral heating wire 43 adopts a heating material with ultra-high resistivity, and the long-term use temperature can reach 1600℃, which is particularly suitable for high voltage occasions.
[0039] Embodiment three:
[0040] like Figure 1-3 As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 2, it also includes the following: the surface heating power of the heat exchange coil 3 decreases from top to bottom, and the heat exchange coil 3 adopts a variable power design technology, that is, a high power density is used where the fluid temperature is low, and a low power density is used where the fluid temperature is high; temperature sensors are also installed on the heat exchange coil 3 and near the spiral heating wire 43 for over-temperature protection of the heat exchange coil 3 and the spiral heating wire 43.
[0041] The above-mentioned spiral heating wire 43 is designed for variable power use. Under the condition of the same output power, the volume of the electric heater of the utility model is 1 / 3 of the volume of the traditional electric heater. That is, for equipment of the same size, the power of the electric heater of the utility model is 3 times that of the traditional electric heater, which greatly reduces the volume.
[0042] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not any limitation on the scope of the utility model. Any changes and modifications made by ordinary technicians in the field of the utility model based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.
Claims
1. A high voltage heater, characterized in that: include: A container shell (1), an insulating and heat-preserving layer (2), a heat exchange coil (3) and an electric heating element (4); the heat exchange coil (3) is built into the interior of the container shell (1), and the insulating and heat-preserving layer (2) is provided on the inner wall of the container shell (1), and a plurality of the electric heating elements (4) are circumferentially provided on the insulating and heat-preserving layer (2); wherein the insulating and heat-preserving layer (2) is a ceramic fiber layer.
2. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The container shell (1) is composed of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and an annular cover plate. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both upper and lower opening structures. The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are coaxially sleeved, and the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are integrally connected through the annular cover plate.
3. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange coil (3) comprises: an outer heat exchange coil (31), an inner heat exchange coil (32), a support tube (33), a flow distribution tube (34), a converging tube (35), an inlet tube (36) and an outlet tube (37); the inner heat exchange coil (32) and the outer heat exchange coil (31) are coaxially arranged inside and outside, and a plurality of the support tubes (33) are circumferentially arranged between the inner heat exchange coil (32) and the outer heat exchange coil (31). The lower end of the support tube (33) is connected to the diverter tube (34), and the upper end is respectively connected to the upper ends of the inner heat exchange coil (32) and the outer heat exchange coil (31); the lower ends of the inner heat exchange coil (32) and the outer heat exchange coil (31) are connected to the manifold (35); the inlet tube (36) and the outlet tube (37) are respectively connected to the diverter tube (34) and the manifold (35).
4. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The flow distribution pipe (34) and the flow converging pipe (35) are both annular pipe structures, and the external heat exchange coil (31) and the internal heat exchange coil (32) are both spiral coil structures.
5. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating element (4) comprises: a ceramic insulating plate (41), a ceramic fixing rod (42) and a spiral heating wire (43); the spiral heating wire (43) is embedded in the ceramic insulating plate (41), and the ceramic insulating plate (41) is fastened to the insulating layer (2) via the ceramic fixing rod (42).
6. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The ceramic insulating plate (41) further comprises two parallel embedded cavities (411) so that the ceramic insulating plate (41) forms an E-shaped structure.
7. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral heating wire (43) is made of a heating material with an ultra-high resistivity, and its long-term use temperature can reach 1600°C.
8. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the spiral heating wire (43) and the heat exchange coil (3) are both coated with a coating with ultra-high dielectric strength.
9. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The heater also includes a protective gas filled therein, which is used to increase the dielectric strength between the spiral heating wire (43) and the heat exchange coil (3), while preventing the spiral heating wire (43) from being oxidized.
10. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a high-voltage distribution box (5) and lead-in wire rods (51), wherein the high-voltage distribution box (5) is installed on the top of the heater, and the high-voltage distribution box (5) is electrically connected to a plurality of lead-in wire rods (51), and the lead-in wire rods (51) are electrically connected to the upper end of the spiral heating wire (43).
11. A high voltage heater as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Temperature sensors are also installed on the heat exchange coil (3) and near the spiral heating wire (43) to protect the heat exchange coil (3) and the spiral heating wire (43) from over-temperature.
12. A high voltage heater according to any one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that: The surface heating power of the spiral heating wire (43) decreases from top to bottom.