Water blocking structure for ultrahigh water head acting on concrete construction joint
By using a composite structure of copper waterstops and expansion waterstops in concrete construction joints, the problem of poor water blocking effect under high and ultra-high water heads is solved, and efficient water seepage cutoff and water blocking reliability are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420666493.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-02
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has poor water blocking and waterproofing effects when facing concrete construction joints with high heads and ultra-high heads. Conventional water stops and composite water stops are prone to failure under high pressure, resulting in leakage.
A composite structure of copper waterstops and expansion waterstops is used. The copper waterstops pass through the concrete construction joints, the expansion waterstops are buried across the seams, and the fastening pieces form slots to fix the expansion waterstops.
It achieves effective water blocking for high and ultra-high water heads. Through the expansion of the inflatable waterstop and the extended seepage path of the copper waterstop, water seepage is cut off and the reliability of water blocking is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222390664U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of construction engineering, and in particular relates to a water-blocking structure for a concrete construction joint with an ultra-high water head. Background Art
[0002] In concrete projects of various industries that come into contact with water, the joints formed between the concrete poured first and later due to design requirements or construction needs are called construction joints. According to the functional needs of the building and to prevent water seepage in the construction joints, waterstops are often pre-buried in the construction joints. The principle is to extend the seepage path to achieve water blocking and waterproofing effects; or when the waterstops are not buried, grooves are cut at the junction of the new and old concrete surfaces and expansion waterstops are installed. The principle is that when water flows through the construction joints, the expansion waterstops expand when they encounter water, blocking the leakage channel and achieving water blocking and waterproofing effects. The above two methods have better water blocking and waterproofing effects when acting on low water heads (less than 100m). Experiments show that: concrete embedded PVC waterstop will seep around under 1.3Mpa water pressure (equivalent to 130m head), that is, water stop failure; concrete embedded copper sheet waterstop will seep around under 1.5Mpa water pressure (equivalent to 150m head), and the bonding force between copper waterstop and concrete is about 1.8Mpa, that is, after exceeding 1.8Mpa water pressure, the cohesion between copper waterstop and concrete is destroyed, and the contact surface of the two is separated to form a new seepage channel, resulting in water stop failure. At present, for construction joint waterstops with an action head exceeding 100m, composite rubber or composite PVC waterstops are often used; when the action head exceeds 140m, composite copper waterstops are often used. The above three composite waterstops all add sealing waterstop materials on the surface of ordinary waterstops.
[0003] For concrete construction joints subjected to high water heads (greater than or equal to 100m) and super-high water heads (greater than 200m), especially the high-pressure concrete tunnels of pumped-storage power stations, whose maximum effective water heads are up to 700m, the use of waterstops or composite waterstops in concrete construction joints often encounters the following problems: (1) In the water conservancy and hydropower industry, there is insufficient research on the water-blocking and waterproofing effects of composite waterstops in construction joints subjected to super-high water heads. The water-blocking principle of extending the seepage path alone is no longer effective for construction joints of buildings subjected to super-high water heads. However, some projects currently still have a waterstop installed in concrete diversion tunnels subjected to super-high water heads for water-blocking design. (2) The maximum water pressure that the waterstop between concrete construction joints can withstand is 7Mpa. At this time, when conventional waterstops are used in construction joints, the interface between the waterstop and the concrete will be emptied under the high-pressure water head, forming a new leakage channel. When composite waterstops are used, not only will the contact surface between the waterstop and the concrete be emptied, but the composite peeling strength of the composite sealing waterstop material is very low at room temperature, with a minimum of only 0.1Mpa. Under the action of high-pressure water or when it is easily disturbed during the pouring process, it is easy to detach from the bonded waterstop and concrete, forming multiple leakage channels. (3) Expansion water stop strips are installed at construction joints. When the pre-buried installation process is adopted, due to the small cross-sectional size of the expansion water stop strips, it is easy to be offset and misaligned after pouring, and it cannot effectively act on the construction joint, so it cannot effectively block the leakage channel and prevent leakage. It is rarely used in general projects. In addition, the groove installation process after pouring is adopted. This process adds a construction process, increases the construction period and investment cost, and the expansion water stop strips are not easy to fix. It is easy to be dislocated when pouring new concrete, and it cannot effectively block the leakage channel and prevent leakage. It is generally used on new and old concrete surfaces or when concrete needs to be poured in stages. Therefore, the reliability of using expansion water stop strips to block high-pressure water heads in construction joints cannot be guaranteed.
[0004] In the process of engineering design, for construction joints with high water head and super high water head, the principle of water stopping by conventional water stop or composite water stop can no longer meet the water blocking effect between joints. When arranging water stop structure in construction joints, the above problems should be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the principle of water stopping between construction joints with high water head and design a reliable water blocking structure. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a water-blocking structure for concrete construction joints with super-high water heads. The utility model is suitable for construction joints of buildings with high water heads and super-high water heads. It has a simple principle, is easy to process and install, improves the reliability of water blocking, and has unidirectional and bidirectional water-blocking effects.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0007] A water-blocking structure for ultra-high water head in concrete construction joints, comprising a copper waterstop and an expansion waterstop strip, wherein the copper waterstop passes through the concrete construction joint and is located in the concrete, and the copper waterstop is not less than 20 cm away from the water-facing surface of the concrete. The expansion waterstop strip is buried in the concrete across the concrete construction joint, and the expansion waterstop strip is arranged on the copper waterstop strip.
[0008] Preferably, for one-way water blocking, the expansion water stop strip is arranged facing the water-facing surface of the concrete.
[0009] Preferably, for the bidirectional water blocking structure, the expansion water stop strips are arranged facing the concrete water facing surface and facing away from the concrete water facing surface.
[0010] Preferably, it also includes fastening plates, which are arranged on the copper waterstop strips on both sides of the construction joint to form cross-joint slot strips, and the expansion waterstop strips are arranged in the slot strips on the copper waterstop strips.
[0011] Preferably, two fastening plates with a spacing of 30 mm are arranged along the width direction of the copper waterstop to form a slot, and the fastening plates are arranged in sequence with a spacing of 50 mm along the length direction of the copper waterstop, and the slots form the slot belt along the length direction of the copper waterstop.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0013] (1) It is suitable for a wide range of water heads, especially for construction joints of buildings with high and ultra-high water heads;
[0014] (2) The principle of the water-blocking structure is simple, practical, and efficient. It first withstands high-pressure water through the expansion waterstop strip, and then blocks the construction joint after the waterstop strip expands in water, greatly cutting off water seepage and reducing the water pressure after leakage. Then, the waterstop strip is used to extend the seepage path to provide a secondary barrier to the low-pressure water leakage that bypasses the expansion waterstop strip, thereby effectively cutting off water seepage in the construction joint. As the first water-blocking structure, the expansion waterstop strip not only withstands high-pressure water and blocks water, but also protects the second water-blocking structure of the waterstop strip, preventing it from failing due to direct exposure to high-pressure water.
[0015] (3) The processing and installation of the water-blocking structure are simple, that is, the water-blocking structure is processed and assembled in advance before concrete pouring;
[0016] (4) It is not easy to displace during the construction process and can effectively act in the construction joint to improve the reliability of water blocking;
[0017] (5) This structure has unidirectional and bidirectional water-retaining effects, especially for high-pressure concrete tunnels with bidirectional water-retaining properties. It can prevent the "internal water seepage" of water in the tunnel, improve the utilization rate of water resources, and prevent the "external water seepage" of groundwater in the mountain, thereby reducing the adverse effects of water accumulation in the tunnel during the construction and maintenance periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a detailed installation drawing of the one-way water-blocking water-blocking structure of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a detailed diagram of the width direction of the one-way water-blocking water-blocking structure of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a detailed installation drawing of the water-blocking structure of the utility model with two-way water retaining.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a detailed drawing of the width direction of the water-blocking structure of the bidirectional water retaining of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 It is a detailed plan view of the water-blocking structure of the utility model for one-way / two-way water retaining.
[0023] In the figure: 1. Water flow direction; 2. Concrete structure cast first; 3. Concrete structure cast later; 4. Concrete water-facing surface; 5. Concrete construction joint; 6. Expansion waterstop; 7. Fastening plate; 8. Copper waterstop; 9. Weld; 10. Center line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the utility model.
[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a water-blocking structure for ultra-high water head in concrete construction joints adopts a composite structure combining a fastening plate 7, an expansion waterstop strip 6 and a copper waterstop strip 8, including an expansion waterstop strip 6, a fastening plate 7, a copper waterstop strip 8 and a weld 9.
[0026] The copper waterstop 8 passes through the concrete construction joint 5 and is located in the concrete. The copper waterstop 8 is not less than 20 cm away from the concrete water-facing surface 4. The fastening plates 7 are arranged on the copper waterstop 8 on both sides of the construction joint 4 to form a cross-joint slot belt. The expansion waterstop strip 6 is installed in the slot belt on the copper waterstop strip 8. The expansion waterstop strip 6 spans the concrete construction joint 4 and is buried in the concrete.
[0027] For one-way water blocking, the expansion water stop strip 6 is arranged facing the concrete water facing surface 4 ; for a two-way water blocking structure, the expansion water stop strip 6 is arranged facing the concrete water facing surface 4 and facing away from the concrete water facing surface 4 .
[0028] Two fastening plates 7 with a spacing of 30 mm are arranged along the width direction of the copper waterstop 8 to form a slot, and the fastening plates 7 are arranged in sequence with a spacing of 50 mm along the length direction of the copper waterstop 8, and the slot forms a slot belt along the length direction of the copper waterstop. The fastening plates 7 and the copper waterstop 8 are welded to form a weld 9. The expansion waterstop strip 6 is installed in the slot belt.
[0029] The copper waterstop strip 8 and the fastening plate 7 of the water-blocking structure are both made of 1mm-1.2mm copper sheet or stainless steel (the copper sheet is used as an example in this article), and the expansion waterstop strip 6 is a product with a specification of 50mx30mm (width x height).
[0030] The copper waterstop strip 8 of the water-blocking structure has an unfolded width of 350 mm, and the edges at both ends are 25 mm long and bent 45 degrees, so that the total width after forming is 336 mm.
[0031] The fastening plates 7 of the water-blocking structure are processed into a rectangular structure with a length of 50 mm and a width of 10 mm, and the number is determined according to the layout form and the length of the construction joint. For the one-way water-blocking water-blocking structure, the fastening plates 7 are symmetrically and vertically arranged on both sides of the center line 10 of the copper waterstop 8, with one plate arranged on each side (a total of two plates for two-way water blocking), and the two fastening plates 7 are 50 mm apart, forming a slot on the copper waterstop 8. The fastening plates 7 are arranged in sequence with an interval of 50 mm along the length direction of the waterstop 8, and the slots form a slot belt along the length direction of the copper waterstop 8 (two plates are formed for two-way water blocking).
[0032] The principle is: firstly, the expansion water stop strip 6 bears high pressure water, and then blocks the construction joint after the expansion water stop strip 6 swells in water, greatly cuts off the water seepage, and reduces the water pressure after the leakage, and then the copper water stop strip 8 extends the seepage path to block the low pressure water leakage bypassing the expansion water stop strip, thereby effectively cutting off the water seepage of the concrete construction joint 5. As the first water blocking structure, the expansion water stop strip 6 not only bears high pressure water and blocks water, but also protects the second water blocking structure of the copper water stop strip 8, preventing it from being directly subjected to high pressure water and failing.
[0033] The method of using the utility model is as follows:
[0034] (I) Processing water-blocking structure
[0035] 1. First, according to the water-retaining characteristics of the building, determine whether to choose a one-way water-retaining water-blocking structure or a two-way water-retaining water-blocking structure.
[0036] 2. The copper waterstop strip 8 and the fastening plate 7 of the water-blocking structure are both made of 1mm-1.2mm copper sheet or stainless steel (copper sheet is used as an example in this article), and the expansion waterstop strip 6 is a product with a specification of 50mx30mm (width x height).
[0037] 3. The unfolded width of the copper waterstop 8 of the water-blocking structure is 350 mm, and the edges at both ends are 25 mm long and bent 45°, and the total width after forming is 336 mm.
[0038] 4. The fastening pieces 7 of the water-blocking structure are processed into a rectangular structure with a length of 50 mm and a width of 10 mm. The number is determined according to the layout form and the length of the construction joint. For the one-way water-blocking water-blocking structure, the fastening pieces 7 are symmetrically and vertically arranged on both sides of the center line 10 of the copper waterstop 8, with one piece arranged on each side (two pieces in total for two-way water blocking), and the two fastening pieces 7 are 50 mm apart, forming a slot on the copper waterstop 8. The fastening pieces 7 are arranged in sequence with an interval of 50 mm along the length direction of the waterstop 8, and the slots form a slot belt along the length direction of the copper waterstop 8 (two pieces in total for two-way water blocking).
[0039] 5. Install expansion water stop strips in the slot to form a water blocking structure.
[0040] (2) Install water-blocking structure.
[0041] The water blocking structure is installed at the concrete construction joint 5, not less than 20cm away from the concrete water-facing surface 4 (for one-way water blocking, the expansion water stop strip 6 faces the concrete water-facing surface 4), and half of the width of the water blocking structure extends out of the concrete construction joint 5. The center line 10 of the copper water stop strip 8 of the water blocking structure coincides with the construction joint to ensure that the expansion water stop strip 6 is arranged across the joint. The water blocking structure can be fixed by steel bars arranged in the concrete or by installing positioning steel bars to ensure that it is firmly fixed.
[0042] (III) Pour the concrete on both sides of the concrete construction joint 5 according to the construction sequence, and the concrete on both sides are respectively poured concrete structure 2 first and poured concrete structure 3 later.
Claims
1. A water-blocking structure for ultra-high water head in concrete construction joints, characterized in that: It includes a copper waterstop and an expansion waterstop strip, wherein the copper waterstop passes through the concrete construction joint and is located in the concrete, and the copper waterstop is not less than 20 cm away from the water-facing surface of the concrete, and the copper waterstop is processed by copper sheets, and the edges at both ends are bent outwards by 45°, and the expansion waterstop strip is embedded in the concrete, and the expansion waterstop strip is arranged on the copper waterstop and combined with the copper waterstop to form a complete water-blocking structure; For one-way water blocking, the expansion water stop strip is arranged facing the water-facing surface of the concrete; For bidirectional water-blocking structures, the expansion waterstop strips are arranged facing the concrete water-facing surface and facing away from the concrete water-facing surface; It also includes a fastening sheet, which is arranged on the copper waterstop strips on both sides of the construction joint to form a slot belt across the joint, and the expansion waterstop strip is arranged in the slot belt on the copper waterstop strip; Two fastening plates with a spacing of 30 mm are arranged along the width direction of the copper waterstop to form a slot. The fastening plates are arranged in sequence with a spacing of 50 mm along the length direction of the copper waterstop to form the slot band along the length direction of the copper waterstop.