Packaging plate and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model provides a packaging plate and a photovoltaic assembly, relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and aims to solve the technical problem that the service life of the photovoltaic assembly is shortened due to the fact that the photovoltaic assembly is difficult to effectively prevent water vapor from entering the assembly from the peripheral edge. The packaging plate is provided with a surface facing the photovoltaic cell, and the surface is provided with a first area and a second area annularly arranged outside the first area; the first area is used for being connected with a photovoltaic cell, and the second area is used for being connected with a first sealing structure for preventing water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell; the roughness of at least part of the first area is larger than that of the second area. The packaging plate is used for packaging the photovoltaic cell, and the smooth plane is arranged in the corresponding area of the packaging plate and the sealing structure, so that the bonding effect of the packaging plate and the sealing structure is improved, and water vapor is prevented from intruding into the photovoltaic cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a packaging board and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background technology related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the photovoltaic field, for example, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of heterojunction (HJT) cells is getting higher and higher, but they are more sensitive to external environmental factors such as water vapor, that is, the cells are more easily damaged by external water vapor factors.

[0004] In the related art, the sealing and waterproofing measures of photovoltaic modules generally adopt the method of preventing water vapor from invading from the back of the module for protection, but it is impossible to prevent water vapor from invading the inside of the module from the edge interface around the module. In particular, during the lamination process of photovoltaic modules, due to the uneven deformation of the packaging board due to heat, the pressure on the edges and the center of the photovoltaic module is inconsistent, resulting in a non-negligible difference in the thickness of the edges of the photovoltaic module, which in turn causes the film and packaging board at the edge of the photovoltaic module to have uneven internal stress distribution. This phenomenon can easily cause the film at the edge of the photovoltaic module to delaminate in extreme environments, which in turn causes water vapor to quickly invade the interior of the module, causing irreversible damage to the photovoltaic module and reducing the safe service life of the photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a packaging plate and a photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem that it is difficult for the photovoltaic module to effectively prevent water vapor from entering the module from the edges around it, thereby reducing the service life.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a packaging plate for packaging a photovoltaic cell, wherein the packaging plate has a surface facing the photovoltaic cell, and the surface has a first area and a second area surrounding the first area;

[0008] The first region is used to connect with the photovoltaic cell, and the second region is used to connect with a first sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell;

[0009] The roughness of at least a portion of the first region is greater than the roughness of the second region.

[0010] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the width of the second region is 5 mm to 15 mm, and the width direction of the second region is the direction of the second region from one side facing the first region to the other side away from the first region.

[0011] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the second region.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell has a rough structure, and the rough structure is an embossed structure; or,

[0013] The rough structure is a rough surface formed by spraying paint.

[0014] According to at least one embodiment of the present utility model, the packaging board further has at least one through hole for a lead wire to pass through, and the at least one through hole is located in the first area;

[0015] The first region has an annular region arranged outside each of the through holes, and the annular region is used to connect a second sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell;

[0016] The roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the annular region.

[0017] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic cell has at least one gap, and the first region has spacing regions corresponding to each of the gaps one by one;

[0018] The spacing area is used to connect a third sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell;

[0019] The roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the spacing region.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment of the present utility model, the gap is one of a gap between battery sheets of the photovoltaic cell and a string gap of a battery string of the photovoltaic cell.

[0021] According to at least one embodiment of the present utility model, the first sealing structure, the second sealing structure and the third sealing structure are respectively structures made of one of butyl rubber, silica gel or silicone resin.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the roughness Ra of the second region, the annular region and the spacing region are all less than or equal to 2 and greater than 0.

[0023] According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the packaging plate is one of a front plate glass or a back plate.

[0024] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a photovoltaic assembly, comprising a photovoltaic cell and packaging boards respectively arranged on opposite sides of the photovoltaic cell, at least one of the packaging boards is the packaging board described in the first aspect.

[0025] Among the one or more technical solutions provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model, at least one of the following beneficial effects can be achieved.

[0026] The encapsulation plate for encapsulating photovoltaic cells of the exemplary embodiment of the utility model has a surface facing the photovoltaic cell, the surface having a first area and a second area, wherein the second area is arranged around the outside of the first area, that is, the second area is a portion of the peripheral side of the surface close to the edge. By setting the roughness of the second area to be smaller than the roughness of at least part of the first area, the speed of combining the sealing structure with the second area during the lamination process is increased, which is conducive to the bonding of the first sealing structure with the second area in a fluid state. The bonding effect of the first sealing structure and the second area can prevent water vapor from invading the interior of the photovoltaic cell, greatly enhancing the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are used to explain the principles of the present invention together with the description thereof, wherein these drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the accompanying drawings are included in and constitute a part of this specification;

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a packaging board structure according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a packaging board structure according to another embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the through hole part.

[0033] Figure numerals: 10, packaging plate; 11, first area; 12, second area; 13, through hole; 14, annular area; 20, first sealing structure; 30, photovoltaic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] With the development of photovoltaic cell technology, the efficiency of cells is getting higher and higher, but the stability of cells has not been improved synchronously. For example, although the photoelectric conversion efficiency of heterojunction cells has been significantly improved, they are more sensitive to external environmental factors such as water vapor, and the sealing and waterproof performance of photovoltaic modules needs to be enhanced.

[0036] In the related art, the waterproofing measures of photovoltaic modules use glass back panels to encapsulate into double-glass modules, which can prevent water vapor from invading from the back of the module, but water vapor can still enter the module from the edge interface of the double-glass module. During the lamination process of the double-glass module, the glass is deformed unevenly due to heat, resulting in different pressures on the edges of the double-glass module, which causes the thickness of the edges of the double-glass module to be different. The internal stress distribution of the encapsulation film and glass at the edge of the double-glass module is uneven, which can easily cause the film at the edge of the module to delaminate in extreme environments, and the entry of water vapor reduces the safe service life of the module.

[0037] In response to the above problems, the packaging board provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is provided with multiple areas of different roughness on the surface facing the photovoltaic cell, among which the second area located on the four edges is used for laying the first sealing structure, and the surface of the second area is relatively smooth, so that the first sealing structure reduces its contact area with the packaging board during lamination and curing, improves fluidity, and is beneficial to improving the bonding effect between the first sealing structure and the surface of the packaging board, thereby enhancing the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a packaging board structure according to an embodiment of the utility model; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the packaging board 10 provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model has a surface facing the photovoltaic cell 30, and the surface has a first area 11 and a second area 12 arranged outside the first area 11, the first area 11 is used to connect with the photovoltaic cell 30, and the second area 12 is used to connect with the first sealing structure 20 that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell 30; the roughness of at least part of the first area 11 is greater than the roughness of the second area 12.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the surface of the packaging board 10, that is, the packaging side of the packaging board 10, includes two regions, namely, a first region 11 located in the center and a second region 12 located around the packaging board 10 and close to the edge. Figure 2 As shown, the first region 11 is connected to the photovoltaic cell 30, and the second region 12 corresponds to the first sealing structure 20. It should be noted that the first region 11 can be connected to the photovoltaic cell 30, and the first region 11 and the photovoltaic cell 30 can be bonded and connected by a packaging film.

[0040] In practical applications, the photovoltaic cell 30 may include a cell string formed by cell sheets, a packaging film disposed on both sides of the cell string, etc. A packaging board 10 is disposed on both sides of the photovoltaic cell 30. When the photovoltaic cell 30 is packaged into a photovoltaic module by two packaging boards 10, the two sides of the first sealing structure 20 are connected to the two packaging boards 10 respectively, and at least one packaging board 10 has a second area 12, that is, at least one side of the first sealing structure 20 is connected to the second area 12 on the packaging board 10, so that the photovoltaic cell 30 is sealed in a closed space at the edges around it, thereby enhancing the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module. Compared with the roughness of at least the part where the first area 11 is connected to the photovoltaic cell 30, the roughness of the second area 12 is relatively small, that is, the second area 12 is relatively smooth, which can reduce the flow resistance when the first sealing structure 20 is formed, enhance the bonding effect between the first sealing structure 20 and the second area 12, and ensure that the photovoltaic module prevents water vapor from invading from the edges around it.

[0041] Exemplarily, the first sealing structure 20 may be a structure made of butyl rubber, silica gel or silicone resin.

[0042] The above-mentioned butyl adhesive can be a butyl hot-melt sealant, which is laid on the edges of the photovoltaic module, that is, laid on the second area 12 of the packaging board 10. Since butyl hot-melt sealant is a sealing material with high viscosity and a certain hardness, although its melting index increases during the lamination process, the butyl hot-melt sealant is still difficult to flow freely. The second area 12 of the packaging board 10 has a low roughness, that is, it can be a smoother plane, which can reduce the flow resistance of the butyl hot-melt sealant and reduce the contact area between the butyl hot-melt sealant and the second area 12 of the packaging board 10. Based on this, not only the bonding effect between the butyl hot-melt sealant and the second area 12 of the packaging board 10 is improved, but also the bonding speed between the butyl hot-melt sealant and the second area 12 of the packaging board 10 is improved, thereby improving the production efficiency of the components. Furthermore, by reducing the roughness of the second area 12 of the packaging board 10, the butyl hot melt sealant can be quickly filled and bonded in the gap between the two packaging boards 10, which can reduce the amount of butyl hot melt sealant used, and can reduce abnormalities such as poor component appearance, thereby improving the production efficiency of the component. On the other hand, the above-mentioned butyl hot melt sealant has excellent water-blocking properties, temperature stability and mechanical impact resistance, thereby ensuring the reliability of the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module. The above-mentioned silica gel and silicone resin have similar properties and advantages to butyl hot melt sealant, and can be used for sealing and waterproofing the edges around the photovoltaic module, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the width d of the second area 12 on the surface of the encapsulation board 10 provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is 5mm to 15mm, wherein the width direction of the second area 12 is the direction of the second area 12 from one side facing the first area 11 to the other side away from the first area 11. Exemplarily, when the encapsulation board 10 is a rectangular board, the widths of the second area 12 on the four sides can be the same, that is, all 5mm to 15mm; or they can be different, for example, the width of the second area 12 on the short side is 5mm, and the width of the second area 12 on the long side is 15mm, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. When the width d of the second area 12 is 5mm to 15mm, it can provide sufficient laying area for the first sealing structure 20, and provide sufficient fluidity for the butyl hot melt sealant forming the first sealing structure 20 during the lamination process, so as to ensure that the two are quickly and efficiently bonded and connected, thereby improving the production yield of the assembly.

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 3As shown, the roughness of at least the part where the first area 11 of the encapsulation board 10 provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 is greater than the roughness of the second area 12, and the part where the first area 11 of the encapsulation board 10 is connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 has a rough structure, and the rough structure can be an embossed structure. By setting the embossed structure at the part connected to the photovoltaic cell 30, the roughness is larger than the roughness of the second area 12, so that the encapsulation board 10 and the photovoltaic cell 30 can form an effective package, especially after lamination, the encapsulation board 10 is more firmly connected to the photovoltaic cell sheet or the cell string formed by the cell sheet through the encapsulation film. The embossed structure can be formed during the preparation process of the encapsulation board 10, for example, the embossed structure can be formed by rolling with a pressing roller, and its preparation process is simple and efficient. When the material of the encapsulation board 10 is glass, the pressing roller can be a glass pressing roller. When the material of the encapsulation board 10 is plastic, the pressing roller can be a metal pressing roller with an embossed structure on the surface, which is roll-formed during the preparation process of the encapsulation board 10.

[0045] In other optional embodiments, the rough structure of at least the part where the first area 11 of the encapsulation board 10 provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 can also be formed by spraying a coating to form a rough surface. For example, a mask plate can be used to cover the encapsulation board 10 by opening slots at corresponding parts, and then a rough surface is formed on the corresponding parts of the first area 11 by spraying a coating. This embodiment is simple and efficient, and has a low production cost. Optionally, the rough structure can also be formed by pasting and compounding other materials with a certain roughness.

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a packaging board structure according to another embodiment of the utility model; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the through hole. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the packaging board 10 provided by the exemplary embodiment of the utility model also has at least one through hole 13 for the lead-out wire to pass through, and at least one through hole 13 is located in the first area 11; the first area 11 has an annular area 14 arranged outside each through hole 13, and the annular area 14 is used to connect the second sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell 30; the roughness of at least the part of the first area 11 connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 is greater than the roughness of the annular area 14.

[0047] In order to prevent water vapor from entering the interior of the photovoltaic cell 30 at the position of the through hole 13 of the lead-out wire of the packaging board 10, causing irreversible damage to the assembly. A second sealing structure is set at the position of the through hole 13. Specifically, the position of the through hole 13 is located in the first area 11, and the number of through holes 13 can be one or more. At the peripheral part of the through hole 13 located in the first area 11, an annular area 14 with relatively low roughness is set along the peripheral side of the through hole 13, and a corresponding second sealing structure is laid between the annular area 14 and the photovoltaic cell 30 to prevent water vapor from entering the interior of the photovoltaic cell 30 from the through hole 13. Exemplarily, the second sealing structure is also a structure prepared by using one of butyl rubber, silica gel or silicone resin. Based on the reason of setting a plane with lower roughness with the second area 12, the relationship, roughness and advantages of the annular area 14 and the second sealing structure are the same, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the part of the first area 11 at least connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 refers to the area in the first area 11 except for each through hole 13.

[0048] In order to further reduce the risk of water vapor entering the interior of the photovoltaic cell 30 and causing irreversible damage to the component, a third sealing mechanism is provided on the spacing area in the first area 11 of the packaging board 10. Even if water vapor enters the photovoltaic cell 30 from the through hole 13 or the peripheral edge, it cannot further corrode and damage the photovoltaic cell 30. The roughness of at least the part of the first area 11 connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 is greater than the roughness of the spacing area.

[0049] For example, in the cell of the photovoltaic cell 30, a cell string is formed by a plurality of cell sheets, and a plurality of cell strings form a photovoltaic cell. Based on this, a gap is formed between two adjacent cell sheets, and a gap is also formed between two adjacent cell strings. Correspondingly, a spacing area (not shown in the figure) opposite to the above-mentioned gap is formed in the first area 11 of the packaging board 10. By setting a third sealing mechanism between the spacing area and the gap of the photovoltaic cell 30, further erosion of the photovoltaic cell 30 by water vapor can be prevented. Exemplarily, the third sealing structure is also a structure prepared by one of butyl rubber, silica gel or silicone resin. Based on the reason of setting a plane with lower roughness with the second area 12, the relationship, roughness and advantages of the spacing area and the third sealing structure are the same, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the portion where the above-mentioned first region 11 is at least connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 refers to the region in the first region 11 excluding the various spacing regions; when there is a through hole 13 in the first region 11, the portion where the above-mentioned first region 11 is at least connected to the photovoltaic cell 30 refers to the region in the first region 11 excluding the various spacing regions and the various through holes 13.

[0050] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned encapsulation board 10 may include one of a front plate glass, a back plate glass or a non-glass back plate. When both encapsulation boards 10 of a photovoltaic module are glass, a double-glass photovoltaic module is formed, and this embodiment can prevent water vapor from invading from the back of the photovoltaic module; when one of the two encapsulation boards 10 of a photovoltaic module is glass and the other is a non-glass back plate, a single-glass photovoltaic module is formed. The above-mentioned non-glass back plate can be a polyvinyl fluoride composite film; it can also be a thermoplastic elastomer, such as block copolymers (styrene resins, copolyesters, polyurethanes and polyamides), as well as thermoplastic elastomer blends and alloys (thermoplastic polyolefins and thermoplastic vulcanizates), and can also be an ethylene vinyl acetate resin back plate.

[0051] Exemplarily, the roughness Ra of the second area 12, the annular area 14 and the spacing area on the packaging board 10 of the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is less than or equal to 2 and greater than 0. Optionally, the roughness Ra of the above three areas is less than or equal to 1.5 and greater than 0. Optionally, the roughness Ra of the above three areas is less than or equal to 1 and greater than 0. Within this roughness range, the packaging board 10 and the corresponding sealing structure, for example, butyl hot melt sealant, have good fluidity and bonding effect during lamination.

[0052] The exemplary embodiment of the present utility model further provides a photovoltaic assembly, including a photovoltaic cell 30 and packaging boards 10 respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the photovoltaic cell 30, and at least one packaging board 10 is a packaging board 10 in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] It should be noted that one side of the photovoltaic cell 30 can be set to the packaging board 10 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the other side can be set to the packaging board 10 in the prior art; or, both sides of the photovoltaic cell 30 can be set to the packaging board 10 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, the second areas 12 corresponding to the two packaging boards 10 are surfaces with relatively low roughness, so as to provide a smaller flow resistance for the butyl hot-melt sealant forming the first sealing structure 20, reduce the contact area between the butyl hot-melt sealant and the second area 12, increase the bonding speed, and quickly and efficiently achieve bonding between the two, thereby improving the production yield and enhancing the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] In summary, it can be seen that different roughness areas are set on the packaging side of the packaging board of the photovoltaic cell module of the exemplary embodiment of the utility model, and the roughness of the area where the sealing structure needs to be set is smaller than that of the area where the non-sealing structure is set. For example, the roughness of the second area located at the peripheral edge of the packaging board, the annular area near the through hole, and the spacing area relative to the gap between the battery cells or battery strings is reduced, while the roughness of the areas other than the annular area and the spacing area in the first area is higher, thereby improving the connection strength of the part of the first area connected to the photovoltaic cell. On the area with lower roughness on the surface of the packaging board, a flowing butyl hot-melt sealant is set for sealing, which reduces the difficulty of flowing during lamination due to the high viscosity of the butyl hot-melt sealant, improves the bonding effect of the butyl hot-melt sealant and the packaging board, prevents water vapor from entering the interior of the laminate, and increases the combination speed of the two, thereby improving the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0055] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A packaging board, characterized in that: A package for a photovoltaic cell, wherein the package plate has a surface facing the photovoltaic cell, and the surface has a first area and a second area surrounding the first area; The first region is used to connect with the photovoltaic cell, and the second region is used to connect with a first sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell; The roughness of at least a portion of the first region is greater than the roughness of the second region.

2. The packaging board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the second region is 5 mm to 15 mm, and the width direction of the second region is a direction from one side of the second region facing the first region to the other side away from the first region.

3. The packaging board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the second region.

4. The packaging board according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell has a rough structure, and the rough structure is an embossed structure; or The rough structure is a rough surface formed by spraying paint.

5. The packaging board according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The packaging board also has at least one through hole for a lead wire to pass through, and the at least one through hole is located in the first area; The first region has an annular region arranged outside each of the through holes, and the annular region is used to connect a second sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell; The roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the annular region.

6. The packaging board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell has at least one gap, and the first region has spacing regions corresponding to each of the gaps one by one; The spacing area is used to connect a third sealing structure that prevents water vapor from entering the photovoltaic cell; The roughness of at least a portion of the first region connected to the photovoltaic cell is greater than the roughness of the spacing region.

7. The packaging board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first sealing structure, the second sealing structure and the third sealing structure are respectively structures made of butyl rubber, silica gel or silicone resin.

8. The packaging board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roughness Ra of the second region, the annular region and the spacing region are all less than or equal to 2 and greater than 0.

9. The packaging board according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The packaging plate is one of a front plate glass or a back plate.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises a photovoltaic cell and packaging panels respectively arranged on opposite sides of the photovoltaic cell, at least one of the packaging panels is a packaging panel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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