Portable treatment device for separating micro-plastics in sediments or soil

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental pollutant treatment equipment, in particular to a portable treatment device for separating micro-plastics in sediments or soil, which comprises a box body, and a sample feeding port is arranged at the upper end of the box body; a screening assembly for filtering and screening the put samples is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the box body and located under the putting opening; a weighing mechanism for weighing and quantifying the filtered samples is arranged on the inner side of the box body and located on the lower side of the screening assembly; the lower side of the weighing mechanism is fixedly provided with a flotation assembly for carrying out flotation on the micro-plastic; a sampling assembly is arranged on the outer side of the box body and connected with the flotation assembly. And a first collecting box for collecting sediments is arranged on the inner side of the box body and located on the lower side of the flotation assembly. By adopting the technical scheme, micro-plastics in soil can be screened and separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental pollutant treatment equipment, in particular to a portable treatment device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil. Background Art

[0002] In the past few years, the concept of "microplastics" was first proposed. Microplastics refer to plastic particles or fragments with a particle size or length of less than 5mm, which are widely present in natural habitats. Microplastics did not receive widespread attention from humans until the 21st century. Its existence poses a potential threat to the marine environment and organisms. Plastic waste in soil and marine environments will degrade into millions of microplastic fragments, resulting in an inevitable increase in the number of microplastics. Microplastics have small particle sizes and wide distribution, are easily ingested by organisms, are not easily degraded in the environment and organisms, and exist for a long time. In addition, microplastics have strong adsorption and migration characteristics, can adsorb pollutants such as heavy metals and antibiotics in the environment, carry these pollutants to migrate, and ultimately cause complex pollution. At present, microplastics have been detected in animals and plants, seabed sediments, polar regions, etc. Plastic waste pollution has been listed as one of the top ten environmental problems that need to be solved in the world, so it is of great significance to study the separation of microplastics in soil or sediments.

[0003] Most of the existing microplastic separation devices have the problems of large footprint, poor microplastic separation effect, and time-consuming. Therefore, a portable and efficient microplastic separation device is needed to separate microplastics in soil or sediment. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil, which can screen and separate microplastics in soil.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present application provides a portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil, including a box body, with a sample delivery port opened at the upper end of the box body; a screening component for filtering and screening the delivered sample is fixedly installed on the inner side of the box body and directly below the delivery port; a weighing mechanism for weighing and quantifying the filtered sample is arranged on the inner side of the box body and below the screening component; a flotation component for flotation of microplastics is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the weighing mechanism; a sampling component is arranged on the outer side of the box body, and the sampling component is connected to the flotation component; a first collection box for collecting sediment is arranged on the inner side of the box body and below the flotation component.

[0008] Preferably, the screening assembly includes a first support frame fixedly mounted in the box body, a vibrating screen is mounted on the upper side of the first support frame, the vibrating screen is located directly below the delivery port, and one end of the vibrating screen is higher and the other end is lower, a filtrate discharge port is formed at the lower end of the vibrating screen, and a second collecting box for collecting the filtrate is provided at the lower side of the filtrate discharge port; a collecting funnel is fixedly mounted on the first support frame and located below the vibrating screen, the upper end of the collecting funnel is located directly below the vibrating screen, and the discharge port at the lower end of the collecting funnel is located directly above the weighing mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the weighing mechanism includes a second support frame fixedly arranged in the box body, an electronic scale is fixedly installed on the upper side of the second support frame, and a weighing pan is fixedly installed on the upper side of the electronic scale; the weighing pan includes a bottom plate, baffles are fixedly installed on two relatively parallel sides of the bottom plate, a mounting plate is fixedly installed on one end of the bottom plate and perpendicular to the length direction of the baffle, the mounting plate and the two baffles enclose a sample weighing area, and a discharge port is formed on the upper side of the bottom plate and at one end away from the mounting plate; the discharge port is located directly above the flotation component; and a discharge component is fixedly installed on the mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the unloading assembly includes an electric push rod fixed on the mounting plate, and the electric push rod is located on a side of the mounting plate away from the unloading port; a connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate; the piston end of the electric push rod passes through the connecting hole, and a scraper plate is fixedly installed thereon, the scraper plate is vertically arranged, the lower end abuts against the bottom plate, and is slidably connected in the sample weighing area.

[0011] Preferably, the flotation assembly includes a flotation cylinder fixed to the inner side of the casing, an opening is formed at the upper end of the flotation cylinder, and the opening is located directly below the discharge port, a supernatant collecting cylinder is provided on one side of the flotation cylinder, the flotation cylinder and the supernatant collecting cylinder are connected by a U-shaped tube, one end of the U-shaped tube is respectively located in the flotation cylinder and below the liquid surface, the other end of the U-shaped tube is located in the supernatant collecting cylinder, and the supernatant collecting cylinder is a closed cylinder; the sampling assembly is connected to the supernatant collecting cylinder and provides negative pressure to the supernatant collecting cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the sampling assembly includes a buffer bottle and a vacuum pump fixed to the outside of the casing; the first filter plug and the second filter plug are detachably installed on the upper end of the buffer bottle in sequence, the inner sides of the first filter plug and the second filter plug are connected, and a filter membrane is sandwiched between the first filter plug and the second filter plug, and the pore size of the filter membrane is 0.1 μm; the end of the second filter plug away from the first filter plug is connected to a suction pipe, the other end of the suction pipe passes through the casing and is connected to the supernatant collection cylinder; the vacuum pump is connected to the buffer bottle.

[0013] Preferably, the first collecting box is a drawer-type collecting box, a slag discharge port is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder, and an end cover for opening or closing the slag discharge port is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a vertical support shaft is provided on the outside of the flotation cylinder, one side of the end cover is rotatably connected to the support shaft, and a pin is fixedly provided on the side of the flotation cylinder away from the support shaft. When the end cover is rotated to close the slag discharge port, the end cover and the pin are plugged and fixed.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] The utility model provides a portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil. Through the screening component, weighing mechanism, flotation component and sampling component arranged inside the box body, the microplastics in the soil can be screened and separated during operation, and the content of microplastics in the sediment or soil can be studied conveniently. At the same time, the device is integrated, easy to move and operate, and has a better separation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view to highlight the weighing mechanism;

[0019] Figure 3 To highlight the top view of the blanking assembly;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flotation assembly is shown;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram highlighting the sampling components.

[0022] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0023] 100, box; 110, sample delivery port; 200, screening assembly; 210, first support frame; 220, vibrating screen; 230, second collection box; 240, collecting funnel; 300, weighing mechanism; 310, second support frame; 320, electronic scale; 330, weighing pan; 331, bottom plate; 332, baffle; 333, mounting plate; 334, discharge port; 340, discharge assembly; 3 41. Electric push rod; 342. Scraper plate; 400. Flotation assembly; 410. Flotation cylinder; 411. Slag discharge port; 412. End cover; 420. Supernatant collection cylinder; 430. U-shaped tube; 500. Sampling assembly; 510. Buffer bottle; 511. First filter plug; 512. Second filter plug; 513. Filter membrane; 514. Suction pipe; 520. Vacuum pump; 600. First collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] Example

[0026] The utility model provides a portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil, see Figure 1-Figure 5 , including a box 100, a sample delivery port 110 is provided at the upper end of the box 100; a screening component 200 for filtering and screening the delivered sample is fixedly installed inside the box 100 and directly below the delivery port; a weighing mechanism 300 for weighing and quantifying the filtered sample is provided inside the box 100 and below the screening component 200; a flotation component 400 for flotation of microplastics is fixedly provided below the weighing mechanism 300; a sampling component 500 is provided outside the box 100, and the sampling component 500 is connected to the flotation component 400; a first collection box 600 for collecting sediment is provided inside the box 100 and below the flotation component 400. When separating, the acquired sample is put into the delivery port, and after being put into the delivery port, the sample is filtered and screened by the screening component 200 to filter out larger impurities. Smaller samples fall onto the weighing mechanism 300 for weighing. When the set weight is reached, the screening component 200 stops screening. At the same time, the weighing mechanism 300 pushes the sample on its upper side to the flotation component 400 for flotation. Finally, the microplastics are sampled by the outer sampling component 500, and the fixed particles are collected by the first collection box 600.

[0027] The screening assembly 200 includes a first support frame 210 fixedly installed in the box body 100, and a vibrating screen 220 is installed on the upper side of the first support frame 210. The vibrating screen 220 is located directly below the delivery port, and one end of the vibrating screen 220 is higher and the other end is lower.

[0028] A filtrate discharge port is formed at the lower end of the vibrating screen 220, and a second collection box 230 for collecting filtrate on the upper side of the vibrating screen 220 is provided below the filtrate discharge port. A collecting funnel 240 is fixedly mounted on the first support frame 210 and located below the vibrating screen 220, the upper end of the collecting funnel 240 is located directly below the vibrating screen 220, and the discharge port at the lower end of the collecting funnel 240 is located directly above the weighing mechanism 300. During use, the vibration of the vibrating screen 220 can cause smaller sample particles to fall into the collecting funnel 240, and then fall from the lower end of the collecting funnel 240 onto the weighing mechanism 300, and larger sample particles fall into the second collection box 230 for collection.

[0029] The weighing mechanism 300 includes a second support frame 310 fixedly disposed in the box body 100 , an electronic scale 320 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the second support frame 310 , and a weighing pan 330 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the electronic scale 320 .

[0030] The weighing pan 330 includes a bottom plate 331, baffles 332 are fixedly installed on two relatively parallel sides of the bottom plate 331, a mounting plate 333 is fixedly installed on one end of the bottom plate 331 and perpendicular to the length direction of the baffle 332, the mounting plate 333 and the two baffles 332 enclose a sample weighing area, a discharge port 334 is formed on the upper side of the bottom plate 331 and away from the end of the mounting plate 333; the discharge port 334 is located directly above the flotation assembly 400; a discharge assembly 340 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 333. When in use, after the sample is screened, it falls from the collecting funnel 240 to the inner side of the sample weighing area, and when it reaches the set weight range, the discharge assembly 340 controls the sample to fall from the discharge port 334.

[0031] Specifically, the material discharge assembly 340 includes an electric push rod 341 fixed on the mounting plate 333, and the electric push rod 341 is located on the side of the mounting plate 333 away from the material discharge port 334; a connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate 333; the piston end of the electric push rod 341 passes through the connecting hole, and a scraper plate 342 is fixedly installed, and the scraper plate 342 is vertically arranged, and the lower end abuts the bottom plate 331, and is slidably connected to the sample weighing area. When in use, when the weight value reaches the set weight value, the vibration screen 220 is first controlled to stop vibrating, and when the weight value of the electronic scale 320 does not change, the electric push rod 341 controls the scraper plate 342 to scrape the material, so that the sample falls from the material discharge port 334.

[0032] The flotation assembly 400 includes a flotation cylinder 410 fixed to the inner side of the housing 100, an opening is formed at the upper end of the flotation cylinder 410, and the opening is located directly below the discharge port 334, a supernatant collecting cylinder 420 is provided on one side of the flotation cylinder 410, the flotation cylinder 410 and the supernatant collecting cylinder 420 are connected via a U-shaped tube 430, one end of the U-shaped tube 430 is located in the flotation cylinder 410 and below the liquid surface, the other end of the U-shaped tube 430 is located in the supernatant collecting cylinder 420, and the supernatant collecting cylinder 420 is a closed cylinder; the sampling assembly 500 is connected to the supernatant collecting cylinder 420 and provides negative pressure to the supernatant collecting cylinder 420.

[0033] Specifically, a flotation liquid is placed in the flotation cylinder 410 , and the flotation liquid uses a sodium iodide solution. A water supply pipe is arranged on the upper side of the box 100 , one end of the water supply pipe is located outside the box 100 , and the other end is located inside the flotation cylinder 410 .

[0034] The sampling assembly 500 includes a buffer bottle 510 and a vacuum pump 520 fixed to the outside of the housing 100; the first filter plug 511 and the second filter plug 512 are detachably installed on the upper end of the buffer bottle 510 in sequence, the inner sides of the first filter plug 511 and the second filter plug 512 are connected, and a filter membrane 513 is sandwiched between the first filter plug 511 and the second filter plug 512, and the pore size of the filter membrane 513 is 0.1 μm; the end of the second filter plug 512 away from the first filter plug 511 is connected to a water suction pipe 514, the other end of the water suction pipe 514 passes through the housing 100 and is connected to the supernatant collection tube 420, and the vacuum pump 520 is connected to the buffer bottle 510.

[0035] When the vacuum pump 520 provides negative pressure, the liquid in the flotation cylinder 410 is pumped out into the supernatant collection cylinder 420. The solution in the supernatant collection cylinder 420 passes through the water extraction pipe 514, and then passes through the second filter plug 512, the filter membrane 513 and the first filter plug 511 in sequence, and then enters the buffer bottle 510. The microplastics are intercepted by the filter membrane 513, and the filter membrane 513 can be removed after a period of time to achieve the separation of microplastics.

[0036] One end of the first filter plug 511 is detachably connected to the mouth of the buffer bottle 510, and one end of the second filter plug 512 is detachably connected to the first filter plug 511. Specifically, the detachable connection method can be threaded connection or clamping. A grid plate is formed in the first filter plug 511, and the filter membrane 513 is embedded in the first collection box 600 and abuts against the grid plate.

[0037] The first collecting box 600 is a drawer-type collecting box. A slag discharge port 411 is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder 410 . An end cover 412 for opening or closing the slag discharge port 411 is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder 410 .

[0038] A vertical support shaft is arranged outside the flotation cylinder 410, one side of the end cover 412 is rotatably connected to the support shaft, a pin is fixedly arranged on the side of the flotation cylinder 410 away from the support shaft, and when the end cover 412 is rotated to close the slag discharge port 411, the end cover 412 and the pin are plugged and fixed.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "back" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0041] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the utility model. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (100), wherein a sample delivery port (110) is provided at the upper end of the box body (100); A screening component (200) for filtering and screening the sample put in is fixedly installed inside the box (100) and directly below the putting-in port; A weighing mechanism (300) for weighing and quantifying the filtered sample is provided inside the box (100) and below the screening assembly (200); A flotation component (400) for flotating microplastics is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the weighing mechanism (300); A sampling assembly (500) is arranged outside the box (100), and the sampling assembly (500) is connected to the flotation assembly (400); A first collecting box (600) for collecting sediment is provided inside the box (100) and below the flotation assembly (400).

2. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening assembly (200) comprises a first support frame (210) fixedly mounted in the box body (100), and a vibrating screen (220) is mounted on the upper side of the first support frame (210); The vibrating screen (220) is located directly below the delivery port, and one end of the vibrating screen (220) is higher in height and the other end is lower in height, and a filtrate discharge port is formed at the lower end of the vibrating screen (220); A second collecting box (230) for collecting the filtrate is provided at the lower side of the filtrate discharge port; A collecting funnel (240) is fixedly mounted on the first support frame (210) and located below the vibrating screen (220); the upper end of the collecting funnel (240) is located directly below the vibrating screen (220); and the discharge port at the lower end of the collecting funnel (240) is located directly above the weighing mechanism (300).

3. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weighing mechanism (300) comprises a second support frame (310) fixedly arranged in the box body (100), an electronic scale (320) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the second support frame (310), and a weighing pan (330) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the electronic scale (320); The weighing pan (330) comprises a bottom plate (331), baffles (332) are fixedly mounted on two relatively parallel sides of the bottom plate (331), and a mounting plate (333) is fixedly mounted on one end of the bottom plate (331) perpendicular to the length direction of the baffle (332); The mounting plate (333) and the two baffles (332) enclose a sample weighing area, and an end of the upper side of the bottom plate (331) away from the mounting plate (333) forms a discharge port (334); the discharge port (334) is located directly above the flotation assembly (400); A material removal assembly (340) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (333).

4. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material discharge assembly (340) comprises an electric push rod (341) fixed on the mounting plate (333), wherein the electric push rod (341) is located on a side of the mounting plate (333) away from the material discharge port (334); A connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate (333); the piston end of the electric push rod (341) passes through the connecting hole and is fixedly mounted with a scraper plate (342); the scraper plate (342) is vertically arranged, with its lower end abutting against the bottom plate (331) and being slidably connected in the sample weighing area.

5. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flotation assembly (400) comprises a flotation cylinder (410) fixed to the inner side of the box (100); an opening is formed at the upper end of the flotation cylinder (410), and the opening is located directly below the discharge port (334). A supernatant liquid collecting cylinder (420) is provided on one side of the flotation cylinder (410); the flotation cylinder (410) and the supernatant liquid collecting cylinder (420) are connected via a U-shaped tube (430); one end of the U-shaped tube (430) is located inside the flotation cylinder (410) and below the liquid surface; the other end of the U-shaped tube (430) is located inside the supernatant liquid collecting cylinder (420); the supernatant liquid collecting cylinder (420) is a closed cylinder; The sampling assembly (500) is connected to the supernatant collection tube (420) and provides negative pressure to the supernatant collection tube (420).

6. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling assembly (500) comprises a buffer bottle (510) fixed to the outside of the box (100) and a vacuum pump (520); A first filter plug (511) and a second filter plug (512) are detachably mounted on the upper end of the buffer bottle (510), the first filter plug (511) and the second filter plug (512) are connected to each other internally, and a filter membrane (513) is sandwiched between the first filter plug (511) and the second filter plug (512), and the pore size of the filter membrane (513) is 0.1 μm; One end of the second filter plug (512) away from the first filter plug (511) is connected to a water extraction pipe (514); the other end of the water extraction pipe (514) passes through the box (100) and is connected to the inside of the supernatant collection cylinder (420); the vacuum pump (520) is connected to the buffer bottle (510).

7. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first collecting box (600) is a drawer-type collecting box, a slag discharge port (411) is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder (410), and an end cover (412) for opening or closing the slag discharge port (411) is provided at the lower end of the flotation cylinder (410).

8. A portable processing device for separating microplastics in sediment or soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: A vertical support shaft is arranged outside the flotation cylinder (410), one side of the end cover (412) is rotatably connected to the support shaft, and a pin is fixedly arranged on the side of the flotation cylinder (410) away from the support shaft. When the end cover (412) is rotated to close the slag discharge port (411), the end cover (412) and the pin are plugged and fixed.

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