Drilling blade and drilling tool

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cutters, and discloses a drilling blade and a drilling cutter, in the extension direction of a cutting edge playing a cutting role and in the preset direction far away from the edge center of the drilling cutter, L is gradually reduced, and L difference values corresponding to any two preset sections spaced by unit length are equal; the preset direction is the extension direction of the acting cutting edge, and the edge width of the cutting edge close to one side of the central axis of the cutter bar is increased in the radial outward direction of the central axis of the cutter bar, so that the structural strength of the cutting edge close to the drill core is improved, and meanwhile, the sharpness of the cutting edge away from the drill core is ensured; on the premise of ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge of the drilling blade, the local strength of the cutting edge is improved, so that the service life of the drilling blade is prolonged. During cutting, the structural strength of the cutting edges at all positions of the whole cutting edge is in a proper level under the corresponding working condition, and the situation that the strength of a certain position on the cutting edge is relatively too low, and consequently the cutting edge loses efficacy first is not prone to occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tool tools, in particular to a drilling blade and a drilling tool. Background Art

[0002] During drilling, the drill bit rotates around the center axis of the tool arbor, and the angular velocity of each point on the cutting edge is consistent. Since the distances from each point to the center axis of the tool arbor are inconsistent, the cutting linear velocities of each point on the cutting edge are inconsistent, which leads to inconsistent forces at each point on the cutting edge during cutting. As a result, while taking into account the sharpness of the product, the strength of the cutting edge close to the center axis of the tool arbor is insufficient, resulting in the cutting edge often breaking due to insufficient strength of the cutting edge close to the center axis of the tool arbor during drilling. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a drilling insert and a drilling tool, which can improve the local strength of the cutting edge while ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge of the drilling insert, so as to increase the service life of the drilling insert.

[0004] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A drilling insert, comprising an insert body, the insert body being provided with a central hole penetrating along the Z direction, the insert body comprising a top surface and a bottom surface arranged opposite to each other along the Z direction, and four circumferential side surfaces connecting the top surface and the bottom surface, the four circumferential side surfaces being connected end to end and arranged opposite to each other in pairs;

[0006] The top surface and the circumferential side surface are connected to form a cutting edge, and any two adjacent cutting edges are evenly distributed along the circumference of the center hole. The cross-section of the cutting edge on the preset cross-section is the blade cross-section, and the length of the blade cross-section along the first preset direction is L; along the extension direction of the cutting edge that plays a cutting role and in the second preset direction away from the center of the drilling tool, L gradually decreases and the difference in L corresponding to any two preset cross-sections separated by a unit length is equal; the preset cross-section is perpendicular to the second preset direction, and the second preset direction, the first preset direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0007] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned drilling blade, the edge of the cutting edge close to the side of the center hole extends toward the side where the bottom surface is located to form a front cutting surface, and the front cutting surface extends toward the side where the bottom surface is located to form a first surface, and multiple first surfaces are connected to the circumferential edge of the center hole through a second surface.

[0008] As an implementation scheme of the drilling insert, the section of the rake face on the preset section is a rake section, and the angle between the rake section and the edge section is A, and A gradually increases along the second preset direction.

[0009] As a feasible implementation scheme for the above-mentioned drilling blade, the edge of the cutting edge facing away from the center hole extends toward the side where the bottom surface is located to form a back tool surface, and the cross-section of the back tool surface on the preset cross-section is the back tool cross-section, and the angle between the back tool cross-section and the bottom surface of the hole to be processed is B, and B gradually decreases along the second preset direction.

[0010] As an implementation scheme of the drilling insert, the angle between the front blade section and the rear blade section is C, and C gradually decreases along the second preset direction.

[0011] As an implementation scheme of the drilling insert, from the front cutting surface facing away from the edge of the center hole to the cutting edge close to the edge of the center hole, the cutting edge extends toward the side where the bottom surface is located.

[0012] As a possible implementation scheme of the above-mentioned drilling insert, the front cutting surface is an inclined plane or a curved surface.

[0013] As a possible implementation scheme of the above-mentioned drilling insert, the first surface is an inclined plane, or a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the central hole, or a curved surface.

[0014] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model also provides a drilling tool, including a tool rod and the drilling blade described in any of the above-mentioned schemes, wherein the drilling blade is provided with two, namely an inner blade and an outer blade, and the inner blade and the outer blade are installed at the same end of the tool rod; the inner blade is closer to the central axis of the tool rod than the outer blade.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the drilling blade and drilling tool provided by the utility model have L which gradually decreases along the extension direction of the cutting edge and away from the preset direction of the center of the drilling tool blade, and the L difference corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal, the preset direction is the extension direction of the effective cutting edge and is the direction radially outward from the central axis of the tool rod, so as to increase the blade width of the cutting edge close to the central axis of the tool rod so as to improve the structural strength of the cutting edge close to the drill center, while ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge away from the drill center; and to improve the local strength of the cutting edge while ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge of the drilling blade so as to improve the service life of the drilling blade.

[0016] Moreover, since the cutting speed of the cutting edge increases uniformly along the preset direction, the cutting force decreases uniformly; the corresponding L decreases uniformly along the preset direction, and the strength of the cutting edge decreases uniformly, it can be ensured that the structural strength of the cutting edge of the entire cutting edge is at a relatively suitable level under the corresponding working conditions during cutting, and it is not easy to cause failure first due to relatively low strength at a certain point on the cutting edge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling tool provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an axial view of a drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the contact and cutting process between the drilling blade and the workpiece provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model at a first preset cross-section at position P1;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model at a second preset cross-section at position P2;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drilling insert provided by an embodiment of the utility model at the P3 position at the third preset cross-section.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 100, tool bar; 200, inner blade; 300, outer blade; 400, workpiece;

[0027] 1. insert body; 11. center hole; 12. cutting edge; 121. cutting edge section; 13. rake face; 131. rake face section; 14. flank face; 141. flank face section; 15. first face; 16. second face; 17. bottom face; 18. circumferential side face;

[0028] 10, first preset cross section; 20, second preset cross section; 30, third preset cross section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a drilling blade and a drilling tool, the drilling tool comprises a tool bar 100 and two drilling blades, the two drilling blades are mounted on the same end of the tool bar 100, and the two drilling blades are respectively recorded as an inner blade 200 and an outer blade 300, wherein the inner blade 200 is closer to the central axis of the tool bar 100 than the outer blade 300. It should be noted that the number of drilling blades mounted on the tool bar 100 is not limited to two, but can also be one, or three, or four, or more.

[0034] The drilling insert includes an insert body 1, the insert body 1 is provided with a central hole 11 penetrating along the Z direction, the insert body 1 includes a top surface and a bottom surface 17 arranged opposite to each other along the Z direction, and four circumferential side surfaces 18 connecting the top surface and the bottom surface 17, the four circumferential side surfaces 18 are connected end to end and arranged opposite to each other in pairs. Specifically, two of the circumferential side surfaces 18 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs along the X direction, and the other two circumferential side surfaces 18 are arranged opposite to each other in pairs along the Y direction, and the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0035] From the top surface of the blade to the bottom surface 17, the blade is roughly square, but not strictly square. When the blade is installed, a screw is passed through the center hole 11 and the mounting hole on the knife bar 100 and is threadedly connected, and the blade is fixed on the knife bar 100.

[0036] The top surface and the circumferential side surface 18 are connected to form a cutting edge 12, that is, the blade has four cutting edges 12, and any two adjacent cutting edges 12 are smoothly connected with rounded corners. The four cutting edges 12 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the center hole 11, so that the four cutting edges 12 are equivalent to each other. After one cutting edge 12 is worn, the blade can be rotated 90° and then installed on the tool rod 100, and an adjacent cutting edge 12 can be used to replace the worn cutting edge 12 to improve economy.

[0037] When the drilling insert rotates around the central axis of the tool bar 100, the angular velocities of various points on the cutting edge 12 are inconsistent, resulting in insufficient strength of the cutting edge 12 near the central axis of the tool bar 100 while taking into account the sharpness of the product. As a result, the cutting edge 12 near the central axis of the tool bar 100 is often chipped due to insufficient strength during drilling. For this reason, the drilling insert is improved to improve the local strength of the cutting edge 12 while ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge 12 of the drilling insert, so as to increase the service life of the drilling insert.

[0038] Specifically, the section of the cutting edge 12 on the preset section is the blade section 121, and the length of the blade section 121 along the first preset direction is L; along the extension direction of the cutting edge 12 and away from the second preset direction of the drilling tool blade center, L gradually decreases and the difference in L corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal; the preset section is perpendicular to the second preset direction, and the second preset direction, the first preset direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other. Among them, one of the first preset direction and the second preset direction is the X direction, and the other is the Y direction.

[0039] Specifically, taking the P1 position, P2 position and P3 position spaced apart along the preset direction as an example, among the three positions, the P1 position is closest to the central axis of the tool bar 100, the P2 position is second, and the P3 position is farthest from the central axis of the tool bar 100, and the three preset sections are respectively recorded as the first preset section 10, the second preset section 20 and the third preset section 30 spaced apart along the preset direction. It should be noted that whether the preset direction is specifically the X direction or the Y direction depends on which cutting edge 12 is the cutting edge 12, that is, the preset direction is the extension direction of the cutting edge 12 that is cutting.

[0040] In the first preset cross section 10, the corresponding L is recorded as L1; in the second preset cross section 20, the corresponding L is recorded as L2; ​​in the third preset cross section 30, the corresponding L is recorded as L3; L1>L2>L3.

[0041] Along the extension direction of the cutting edge 12 that plays a cutting role and the second preset direction away from the center of the drilling tool, L gradually decreases and the difference in L corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal. The first preset direction is the extension direction of the active cutting edge 12 and is the direction radially outward from the central axis of the tool rod 100. The width of the cutting edge 12 close to the central axis of the tool rod 100 is increased to improve the structural strength of the cutting edge 12 close to the drill center, while ensuring the sharpness of the cutting edge 12 away from the drill center.

[0042] Moreover, since the cutting speed of the cutting edge 12 increases uniformly along the preset direction, the cutting force decreases uniformly; the corresponding L decreases uniformly along the preset direction, and the strength of the cutting edge 12 decreases uniformly, it can be ensured that the structural strength of the cutting edge of the entire cutting edge 12 is at a relatively suitable level under the corresponding working conditions during cutting, and it is not easy to cause failure first due to relatively low strength at a certain point on the cutting edge 12.

[0043] In some embodiments, the edge of the cutting edge 12 on the side close to the center hole 11 extends toward the side where the bottom surface 17 is located to form a rake face 13, and the rake face 13 extends toward the side where the bottom surface 17 is located to form a first surface 15, and a plurality of first surfaces 15 are connected to the circumferential edge of the center hole 11 through a second surface 16. Specifically, from the edge of the rake face 13 on the side facing away from the center hole 11 to the direction of the edge of the cutting edge 12 on the side close to the center hole 11, the cutting edge 12 extends toward the side where the bottom surface 17 is located. It should be noted that the rake face 13 can be an inclined plane or a curved surface; the first surface 15 can be an inclined plane, a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the center hole 11, or a curved surface, and the second surface 16 is a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the center hole 11.

[0044] During the cutting process of the drilling blade, the workpiece 400 is in contact and extrusion with the front cutting edge 13, or the workpiece 400 is in contact and extrusion with the front cutting edge 13 and the first surface 15 at the same time, the material of the workpiece 400 is squeezed and deformed, and the squeezed and deformed material of the workpiece 400 flows out along the direction of the first surface 15. This process is the chip removal process.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the section of the rake face 13 on the preset section is the rake section 131, and the angle between the rake section 131 and the blade section 121 is A, and A gradually increases along the second preset direction. Exemplarily, along the second preset direction, the difference in A corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal.

[0046] Specifically, in the first preset cross section 10, the corresponding A is recorded as A1; in the second preset cross section 20, the corresponding A is recorded as A2; in the third preset cross section 30, the corresponding A is recorded as A3; A1>A2>A3.

[0047] By setting the A difference corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length along the second preset direction to be equal, the structural strength of the cutting edge 12 near the drill core can be improved, the sharpness of the cutting edge 12 away from the drill core can be improved, the cutting force away from the drill core can be reduced, and the shaking of the workpiece 400 caused by excessive cutting force of the workpiece 400 can be reduced.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the edge of the cutting edge 12 on the side facing away from the center hole 11 extends toward the side where the bottom surface 17 is located to form a flank surface 14, and the section of the flank surface 14 on the preset section is a flank section 141. The angle between the flank section 141 and the bottom surface of the hole to be processed is B, and B gradually decreases along the second preset direction. Specifically, along the second preset direction, the difference in B corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal.

[0049] Specifically, in the first preset cross section 10, the corresponding B is recorded as B1; in the second preset cross section 20, the corresponding B is recorded as B2; in the third preset cross section 30, the corresponding B is recorded as B3; B1>B2>B3.

[0050] By setting the B difference corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length along the second preset direction to be equal, the squeezing force of the workpiece 400 exerted on the cutting edge 12 near the drill core can be reduced while ensuring the structural strength of the cutting edge 12 away from the drill core.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the angle between the front blade section 131 and the rear blade section 141 is C, and C gradually decreases along the second preset direction. Specifically, along the second preset direction, the difference of C corresponding to any two preset sections separated by a unit length is equal.

[0052] Specifically, in the first preset cross section 10, the corresponding C is recorded as C1; in the second preset cross section 20, the corresponding C is recorded as C2; in the third preset cross section 30, the corresponding C is recorded as C3; C1>C2>C3.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling insert, characterized in that: The blade body (1) comprises a central hole (11) extending through the blade body (1) in the Z direction, the blade body (1) comprising a top surface and a bottom surface (17) arranged opposite to each other in the Z direction, and four circumferential side surfaces (18) connecting the top surface and the bottom surface (17), wherein the four circumferential side surfaces (18) are connected end to end and arranged opposite to each other in pairs; The top surface and the circumferential side surface (18) are connected to form a cutting edge (12), any two adjacent cutting edges (12) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the central hole (11), the cross section of the cutting edge (12) on the preset cross section is a blade cross section (121), and the length of the blade cross section (121) along a first preset direction is L; along the extension direction of the cutting edge (12) and away from the center of the drilling tool blade in a second preset direction, L gradually decreases, and the difference in L corresponding to any two preset cross sections separated by a unit length is equal; The preset cross section is perpendicular to the second preset direction, and the second preset direction, the first preset direction and the Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The drilling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that The edge of the cutting edge (12) on one side close to the center hole (11) extends toward the side where the bottom surface (17) is located to form a front cutting surface (13), and the front cutting surface (13) extends toward the side where the bottom surface (17) is located to form a first surface (15), and a plurality of the first surfaces (15) are connected to the circumferential edge of the center hole (11) through a second surface (16).

3. The drilling insert according to claim 2, characterized in that The cross section of the rake face (13) on the preset cross section is a rake cross section (131), and the angle between the rake cross section (131) and the blade cross section (121) is A, and A gradually increases along the second preset direction.

4. The drilling insert according to claim 3, characterized in that The edge of the cutting edge (12) on the side facing away from the central hole (11) extends toward the side where the bottom surface (17) is located to form a back tool surface (14); the cross section of the back tool surface (14) on the preset cross section is a back tool cross section (141); the angle between the back tool cross section (141) and the bottom surface of the hole to be processed is B, and B gradually decreases along the second preset direction.

5. The drilling insert according to claim 4, characterized in that The angle between the front blade section (131) and the rear blade section (141) is C, and C gradually decreases along the second preset direction.

6. The drilling insert according to claim 2, characterized in that From the edge of the front cutting edge (13) facing away from the center hole (11) to the edge of the cutting edge (12) close to the center hole (11), the cutting edge (12) extends toward the side where the bottom surface (17) is located.

7. The drilling insert according to claim 6, characterized in that The front cutting edge (13) is an inclined plane or a curved surface.

8. The drilling insert according to claim 2, characterized in that The first surface (15) is an inclined plane, or a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the central hole (11), or a curved surface.

9. A drilling tool, characterized in that: It comprises a tool rod (100) and the drilling blade according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the drilling blade is provided with two, namely an inner blade (200) and an outer blade (300), and the inner blade (200) and the outer blade (300) are installed at the same end of the tool rod (100); the inner blade (200) is closer to the central axis of the tool rod (100) than the outer blade (300).

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