Anti-blocking efficient fluidized bed water treatment hardness removal device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-blocking type efficient fluidized bed water treatment hardness removal device which comprises a reactor body, the reactor body is composed of a lower shell and an upper shell, a lower inner wall barrel and a lower center reaction inner barrel are arranged in the lower shell from the inner wall to the center, an annular overflow weir is arranged on the inner wall of the upper shell, and a lower inner wall barrel and a lower center reaction inner barrel are arranged in the lower shell. An upper-layer mud bucket is arranged between an upper-end cylinder opening of the lower inner wall cylinder and an upper-end opening part of the lower shell, a water inlet distributor is arranged in the center of the bottom of the lower shell, and a lower-layer mud bucket which extends to the edge of the outer side wall of the water inlet distributor and shrinks is arranged at the lower end of the lower inner wall cylinder; the lower port part of the lower central reaction inner cylinder is provided with a horn-shaped cylinder extending to the inner side wall of the lower-layer mud bucket; and the side wall of the lower end of the lower shell is respectively provided with a water inlet pipe, a mud discharge header pipe, a dosing pipe and a bottom reserved pipe which extend into the lower-layer mud bucket. The device has the characteristics of good fluidization effect, wide application range, high treatment efficiency, easiness in maintenance, difficulty in blockage and simplicity in maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an anti-blocking type high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device. Background Art

[0002] The hardness of sewage refers to the content of metal ions such as calcium and magnesium contained in water. These metal ions may have an adverse effect on the treatment effect during sewage treatment, so appropriate methods need to be taken to remove them. First of all, water with too high hardness will have an adverse effect on industrial production, such as causing pipe blockage, equipment corrosion, membrane system blockage and other problems. Secondly, too high hardness will also affect the treatment effect of sewage. In the sewage treatment process, too high hardness will make it difficult to remove pollutants in sewage, affecting the treatment effect. For example, in activated sludge treatment, sewage with too high hardness will cause the sedimentation performance of sludge to deteriorate, affecting the removal effect of sludge, and sludge in anaerobic treatment process is prone to calcification, and the anaerobic effect is deteriorated. In addition, too high hardness will also cause the organisms in the water body to be poisoned. For example, the growth of organisms such as fish in the water body will be inhibited in water with too high hardness, and even lead to death.

[0003] Therefore, in the process of sewage treatment, appropriate methods need to be taken to remove hardness ions in water, and the demand is urgent. Common hardness removal methods for water treatment include lime softening, ion exchange, chemical hardness removal, etc. In response to the above hardness removal problems in the field of sewage treatment, the technology of chemical hardness removal to remove hardness ions in water has the advantages of short hardness removal reaction time and low operating costs. It is a common hardness removal technology on the market. The main principle of the chemical hardness removal technology to remove hardness ions in water is to add an appropriate amount of chemical agents to the water to make the hardness ions (such as calcium, magnesium, etc.) in the water form solid particles with lower solubility. Taking the removal of calcium hardness as an example, the reaction formula is: OH - +HCO 3 - →CO 3 2- +H 2 O.Ca 2+ →Ca 2 CO 3. Then, the particles are separated from the water by filtration, sedimentation or other solid-liquid separation methods, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the hardness ions in the water. It should be noted that the technical effect and treatment cost of removing hardness ions in water by chemical crystallization are affected by many factors, such as the type and concentration of hardness in water, the type and dosage of chemical agents, crystallization conditions, and the selection of chemical hardness removal process equipment. Therefore, in practical applications, process design and operation control need to be carried out according to specific conditions.

[0004] In order to further improve the effect of removing hardness from sewage, crystal seeds and alkaline agents (sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate) can be added to the hard water body to promote the chemical reaction of calcium ions in the water to generate calcium carbonate crystals, which are attached to the surface of the crystals. As calcium carbonate continues to attach, the crystals slowly grow and eventually form large particles that are precipitated and discharged from the bottom of the water. For this high-efficiency hardness removal technology, you can refer to a Chinese patent. The patent name is: A chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed water treatment device, and the application number is: 201510864696.7. The equipment is characterized by a design in which an "inner sleeve" is fixed in the reaction equipment. When the water inlet is the same, the flow area suddenly shrinks, the water flow rate increases, and a fluidized zone with violent tumbling of the fluidized bed is formed. The interlayer between the inner cylinder and the cylinder body is a static settling zone, and the crystal seeds are circulated and granulated between the fluidized zone and the static settling zone. While this patent improves the hardness removal effect, it also has some shortcomings, namely, when the added seed crystal particles are of different sizes, the fluidization effect in the equipment cannot be controlled; or when the calcium ions in the water react chemically to form calcium carbonate crystals, which adhere to the surface of the crystals, as the calcium carbonate continues to adhere, the crystals slowly grow. Due to the gravity of the crystals themselves, the fluidization effect of the fluidized bed gradually weakens. When the seed crystals are not discharged in time, a serious short-flow condition may occur, and the hardness removal effect of the equipment will be sharply reduced.

[0005] Of course, similar hardness removal equipment products also have other common problems. For example, after the equipment has been running for a long time, calcification and dirt are prone to appear on the inner wall of the equipment, making it difficult to clean and maintain the equipment. When the equipment suddenly stops and the internal filler is not cleaned in time, the calcium carbonate particles at the bottom of the equipment are prone to accumulation and hardening. When the equipment is operating normally and then suddenly stops, it is difficult to restart the equipment due to the accumulation of seed crystals at the bottom. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment hardness removal device, which has the characteristics of good fluidization, wide application range, high treatment efficiency, easy maintenance, not easy to block and simple maintenance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical effects:

[0007] According to one aspect of the utility model, a blockage-proof high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device is provided, the hardness removal device includes a reactor body, the reactor body is composed of a lower shell and an upper shell connected as an integral body, a lower inner wall tube and a lower center reaction inner tube vertically distributed from the inner wall to the center are arranged in the lower shell, an annular overflow weir is arranged on the upper inner wall of the upper shell, a water outlet pipe connected to the outside of the upper shell is arranged on the annular overflow weir, an upper mud hopper is arranged between the upper end tube mouth of the lower inner wall tube and the upper port part of the lower shell, a water inlet distributor is arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell, the lower end of the lower inner wall tube has a lower mud hopper that extends toward the edge of the outer wall of the water inlet distributor and shrinks, the lower port part of the lower center reaction inner tube is provided with a horn extending toward the inner side wall of the lower mud hopper, and a water inlet pipe, a mud discharge main pipe, a dosing pipe and a bottom reserved pipe extending into the lower mud hopper are respectively arranged on the lower end side walls of the lower shell.

[0008] The above scheme is further preferred in that a crescent cover plate and a central circular cover plate are provided on the top of the upper shell body, the edge of the central circular cover plate is connected to the mouth of the top of the upper shell body through the crescent cover plate, and the central circular cover plate and the crescent cover plate are sealed by buckles and rubber strips.

[0009] The above scheme is further preferred in that a height adjustment rod is connected to the top end of the lower central reaction inner cylinder, the upper end of the height adjustment rod vertically extends upward from the outside of the central circular cover plate at the top end of the upper shell body, and a filler injection port extending into the lower central reaction inner cylinder is provided on the central circular cover plate at the top end of the upper shell body.

[0010] The above scheme is further preferred in that a weak current anti-scaling component is arranged on the outside of the top end of the upper shell, and the weak current output end of the weak current anti-scaling component is connected between the cylinder wall of the lower inner wall cylinder and the cylinder wall of the lower central reaction inner cylinder through wires.

[0011] The above scheme is further preferred in that a turbocharger fan blade is provided at a vertically coaxial position at the center of the water inlet distributor, and the water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet distributor.

[0012] The above scheme is further preferred in that an annular mud discharge pipe is provided at the bottom outer edge of the lower mud bucket, the annular mud discharge pipe is connected to the mud discharge main pipe, and a plurality of mud discharge branch pipes extending into the lower mud bucket are provided on the annular mud discharge pipe.

[0013] The above scheme is further preferred that a rubber fastening ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower central reaction inner cylinder, and the outer wall of the rubber fastening ring is connected to the inner wall of the lower inner wall cylinder through a horizontal support rod.

[0014] The above scheme is further preferred, that is, a water inlet valve and a water inlet flowmeter are provided on the water inlet pipe, a density meter for detecting the liquid concentration inside the cylinder near the lower inner wall is provided on the outside of the lower shell body, and a pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the water inlet water distributor is provided on the outside of the lower shell body; and a sludge discharge flowmeter is provided on the sludge discharge main pipe.

[0015] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the mud bucket at the lower layer is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 45-75°; and the mud bucket at the upper layer is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 30°-75°.

[0016] The above scheme is further preferred, that the water inlet distributor is a circular tube vertically arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell, and a circular tube opening with a length of 10-20% of the length of the circular tube and an inward contraction angle of 45°-60° is arranged at the top of the circular tube.

[0017] In summary, the utility model adopts the above technical solution, and the utility model has the following technical effects:

[0018] (1) By setting an adjustable central reaction inner cylinder, the height can be adjusted according to the different hard seed removal characteristics and the fluidization state requirements of the reaction zone, solving the problem of a small selection range of hard seed removal or filler during the application process, and the device is more applicable;

[0019] (2) The bottom water inlet distributor is equipped with turbocharger blades, which can fully mix the hardness removal agent with the hard wastewater and increase the pressure at the same time, thus solving the problem that such water treatment devices cannot be restarted due to the accumulation of crystal seeds or fillers at the bottom of the bucket and insufficient water inlet pressure at the initial start-up;

[0020] (3) A weak current anti-scaling component is installed between the inner tube of the reactor horn in the fluidized bed reaction zone and the inner tube of the reactor lower shell. This component can loosen the compacted scale gathered on the inner surface of the device. Under the coupling effect of electrochemistry and fluid mechanics, it blocks the tendency of scale deposition, causing it to loosen and fall off by itself, thus keeping the inner wall of the equipment smooth and avoiding the problem of long-term accumulation of crystal seeds and hardening caused by shutdown. The self-cleaning and anti-scaling function of the device makes maintenance easier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of an anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an anti-blocking type high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a top view structural diagram of an anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view cutaway schematic diagram of an anti-blocking type high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom pipeline of an anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a hardness removal process of an anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment hardness removal device of the utility model;

[0027] In the accompanying drawings, there are a water inlet pipe 1, a mud discharge main pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a lower shell 4, an upper shell 5, a crescent cover plate 6, a height adjustment rod 7, a weak current anti-scaling component 8, a buckle 9, an annular overflow weir 10, an upper mud bucket 11, a lower inner wall tube 12, a lower central reaction inner tube 13, a horn tube 130, a rubber fastening ring 14, a horizontal support rod 140, a lower mud bucket 15, an annular mud discharge pipe 16, a mud discharge branch pipe 160, a water inlet water distributor 17, a dosing pipe 18, a bottom reserved pipe 19, a turbocharger fan blade 20, a central circular cover plate 21, a water inlet flow meter 22, a pressure gauge 23, a mud discharge flow meter 24, a density meter 25, a filler addition port 26, and a valve 27. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling readers to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the utility model, and these aspects of the utility model can be realized even without these specific details.

[0029] Embodiment 1, combination Figures 1 to 5According to the utility model, a blocking-proof high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device is provided with a dosing water distribution mud discharge area, a fluidized bed reaction area, and a solid-liquid separation area from bottom to top in sequence in the hardness removal device. The hardness removal device includes a reactor body, which is composed of a lower shell 4 and an upper shell 5 connected as one piece. The lower shell 4 and the upper shell 5 of the entire reactor body are connected in the same way from top to bottom, forming a circular cylindrical appearance with a diameter of 2000 mm. A lower inner wall tube 12 and a lower center reaction inner tube 13 vertically distributed from the inner wall to the center are arranged in the lower shell 4. An annular overflow weir 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the upper shell 5. The annular overflow weir 10 is a toothed annular overflow weir, and the height of the serrated weir plate is adjustable. The water discharged from the equipment overflows from the weir plate and is collected in the outlet pipe 3 for external discharge. An outlet pipe 3 connected to the outside of the upper shell 5 is arranged on the annular overflow weir 10, an upper mud hopper 11 is arranged between the upper end of the lower inner wall tube 12 and the upper end of the lower shell 4, a water inlet distributor 17 is arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell 4, and the lower end of the lower inner wall tube 12 has a lower mud hopper 15 that extends toward the outer wall edge of the water inlet distributor 17 and shrinks, and the lower end of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 is provided with a horn 130 extending toward the inner wall direction of the lower mud hopper 15, and the lower shell 4 is provided with a horn 130 extending toward the inner wall of the lower mud hopper 15. A water inlet pipe 1, a mud discharge main pipe 2, a dosing pipe 18 and a bottom reserved pipe 19 extending into the lower mud bucket 15 are respectively arranged on the lower end side walls of 4, a water inlet valve 27 and a water inlet flow meter 22 are arranged on the water inlet pipe 1, a density meter 25 for detecting the liquid concentration inside the lower inner wall tube 12 near the lower inner wall is arranged on the outside of the lower shell 4, a pressure gauge 23 for detecting the internal pressure of the water inlet distributor 17 is arranged on the outside of the lower shell 4, and a mud discharge flow meter 24 is arranged on the mud discharge main pipe 2.

[0030] In the present utility model, if Figure 5As shown, a crescent cover plate 6 and a central circular cover plate 21 are provided on the top of the upper shell 4. The edge of the central circular cover plate 21 is connected to the mouth of the top of the upper shell 4 through the crescent cover plate 6. The central circular cover plate 21 and the crescent cover plate 6 are sealed and connected by snaps 9 and rubber strips. The outer wall of the solid-liquid separation zone is the reactor upper shell 5. The crescent cover plate 6 and the central circular cover plate 21 can be made of transparent materials such as transparent plastic, glass, etc. but not limited thereto, and can be used as an observation window on the top of the device. Further, the central circular cover plate 21 is a detachable cover plate. The central circular cover plate 21 is set at the top center position of the upper shell 4 through a bracket. The bracket of the central circular cover plate 21 is a detachable bracket, which can be used as a large inspection port for replacement and maintenance of the lower central reaction inner tube 13; the diameter of the reactor upper shell 5 = the diameter of the lower inner wall tube 12 * 1.1-2 times, the water flow residence time in the solid-liquid separation zone = the fluidized bed reaction zone * 2-8 times; more specifically, the diameter size of the central circular cover plate 21 The diameter of the upper shell 5 is 2000mm, the height of the upper shell 5 is 1000mm, and the effective water depth is 800mm; the lower end of the upper shell 5 is the fixed connection position between the upper mud bucket 11 and the upper end of the lower inner wall tube 12, the upper end of the upper mud bucket 11 is connected to the outlet pipe 3, the upper end of the upper mud bucket 11 is an annular overflow weir 10, the top is a crescent cover plate 6 and a central circular cover plate 21 and is sealed and fixed with a buckle 9 and a rubber strip for equipment sealing to prevent sewage odor from overflowing.

[0031] In the present utility model, if Figures 1 to 5 A height adjustment rod 7 is connected to the top of the lower central reaction inner cylinder 13, and the upper end of the height adjustment rod 7 extends vertically upward from the outside of the central circular cover plate 21 at the top of the upper shell 5. A filler injection port 26 extending into the lower central reaction inner cylinder 13 is provided on the central circular cover plate 21 at the top of the upper shell 5.

[0032] In the present utility model, if Figure 2 , Figure 6As shown, the height adjustment rod 7 is hollow, the filler feeding port 26 is arranged at the top of the height adjustment rod 7, and the filler feeding port 26 extends downward along the inside of the height adjustment rod 7 and communicates with the lower central reaction inner tube 13; the lower shell 4 is fixedly welded to the lower mud bucket 15, the lower central reaction inner tube 13 is connected to the lower inner wall tube 12 through a rubber fastening ring 14, the upper part of the lower central reaction inner tube 13 is provided with a height adjustment rod 7 and connected to the top of the device, and an adjustable weak current anti-scaling component 8 is provided between the lower inner wall tube 12 of the fluidized bed reaction zone and the inner wall tube of the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and is connected through a cable; the center of the height adjustment rod 7 is a hollow transmission rod, and the top of the height adjustment rod 7 is reserved for seed or filler feeding port 26; a rubber fastening ring 14 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower central reaction inner tube 13, and the outer wall of the rubber fastening ring 14 is connected to the inner wall of the lower inner wall tube 12 through a horizontal support rod 140; the inner diameter of the rubber fastening ring 14 is 700mm; the material is soft silicone. The rubber fastening ring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lower inner wall tube 12 around to ensure that the lower central reaction inner tube 13 can be perpendicular to the center of the device and can be freely adjusted up and down in height under the action of the height adjustment rod 7.

[0033] In the present utility model, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 A weak current anti-scaling component 8 is arranged outside the top of the upper shell 5, and the weak current output end of the weak current anti-scaling component 8 is connected between the cylinder wall of the lower inner wall cylinder 12 and the cylinder wall of the lower central reaction inner cylinder 13 through wires; the weak current anti-scaling component 8 is composed of a weak current transmission wire (cable) and a 0-10V adjustable weak current power supply. One end of the 0-10V adjustable weak current power supply is connected to the lower inner wall cylinder 12 through a weak current transmission cable, and the other end of the 0-10V adjustable weak current power supply is connected to the lower central reaction inner cylinder 13 through a weak current transmission cable, forming a sleeve-shaped positive and negative electrode plate. When the weak current anti-scaling component 8 is working, the weak current output by the adjustable weak current power supply is transmitted to both ends through the weak current transmission cable. The compact scale association degree on the surface of the lower central reaction inner cylinder 13 and the lower inner wall cylinder 12 becomes looser under the action of weak current. Under the coupling action of electrochemistry and fluid mechanics, the scale deposition tendency is blocked, loosening occurs, and the scale falls off by itself, thus keeping the inner wall of the equipment smooth and avoiding the problem of hardening due to long-term accumulation of crystal seeds caused by shutdown. The self-cleaning and anti-scaling effect of the device makes maintenance simpler.

[0034] In the present utility model, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, an annular mud discharge pipe 16 is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the lower mud hopper 15, and the annular mud discharge pipe 16 is connected to the mud discharge main pipe 2. A plurality of mud discharge branch pipes 160 extending into the lower mud hopper 15 are arranged on the annular mud discharge pipe 16; the annular mud discharge pipe 16 is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the lower mud hopper 15 of the reactor, and is connected to the lower mud hopper 15 from four directions, so that the mud can be discharged from four directions, and the discharged mud is finally collected at the mud discharge main pipe 2 for discharge. In the present invention, the bell mouth of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 faces downwardly directly to the water inlet distributor 17 and is coaxial therewith. The vertical distance between the lower center reaction inner tube 13 and the lower mud bucket 15 can be adjusted up and down by the height adjustment rod 7. The bell tube 130 (bell mouth) of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 is bent and rolled into a circular bell mouth by a round tube, and the bell mouth is retracted by 30°-60°. The bell tube 130 (bell mouth) = the total height of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 * 5-30 %, the straight diameter of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 = the diameter of the lower inner wall tube 12 * 80-90%, the total height of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 = the total height of the lower inner wall tube 12 * 60-80%; more specifically, the trumpet 130 (bell mouth) is made into a 30° inward treatment, the bell mouth height is 150mm, the straight diameter of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 is 700mm, the total height of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 is 1200mm, and the total height of the lower inner wall tube 12 is 1500mm. The lower mud bucket 15 is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 45-75°, preferably a taper of 45°; the upper mud bucket 11 is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 30°-75°. The large mouth diameter of the lower mud bucket 15 is 1000mm, the small mouth diameter is 220mm, the diameter of the annular mud discharge pipe 16 is 80mm, and the diameter of the water inlet pipe 1 is 50mm.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a turbocharger blade 20 is provided at the vertical coaxial position of the center of the water inlet distributor 17, and the water inlet pipe 1 is connected to the water inlet distributor 17; the water inlet distributor 17 is a section of circular tube vertically arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell 4, and a circular tube opening with a length of 10-20% of the length of the circular tube and an inward contraction angle of 45°-60° is provided at the top of the circular tube, and the length of the circular tube is 160mm; the diameter of the water inlet distributor 17 is 200mm, and a 45° circular tube opening is made at 20mm from the top of the circular tube and is inwardly contracted to form a nozzle style. A turbocharger blade 20 is provided vertically coaxially with the center of the water inlet distributor 17, and the impeller diameter is 160mm. A non-electric central turbocharger blade is used. The water inlet distributor 17 is connected to the water inlet pipe 1, and the water inlet pipe is horizontally 45° obliquely cut to boost the central turbocharger blade 20.

[0036] In the present utility model, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the water inlet pipe 1, the dosing pipe 18, the bottom reserved pipe 19 and the water inlet distributor 17 can be connected, the edge of the lower mud bucket 15 is connected to the annular mud discharge pipe 16, and the mud discharge collection point is the mud discharge main pipe 2, and the discharged mud is finally collected at the mud discharge main pipe 2 for discharge.

[0037] Embodiment 2, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 6 The process of fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal based on the anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device of the utility model is further described:

[0038] (1) When the equipment is inlet, the water inlet valve 24 is opened, and the hard wastewater enters the water inlet distributor 17 of the equipment from the water inlet pipe 1. Under the action of the water flow, the turbocharger blades 20 rotate and increase the pressure. The hard wastewater rotates and rises from the bottom of the equipment to the lower center reaction inner cylinder 13 and fully undergoes a chemical hardness removal reaction. The water inlet flow rate can be read by the water inlet flow meter 22 and controlled by the automatic control system and the water inlet valve;

[0039] (2) Add chemical de-hardening agents. According to the type and concentration of hardness in the water, add an appropriate amount of chemical agents, such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc., through the automatic control system to react with the hardness ions in the water to form solid particles with low solubility. When adding the agent, the valve of the dosing pipe is opened, and the chemical agent is mixed with the influent water from the dosing pipe 18 of the dosing water distribution and mud discharge area or the bottom reserved pipe 19 and enters the fluidized bed reaction area;

[0040] (3) When adding filler, Figure 6 As shown, the filler can be added through the filler adding port 26, and the filler density needs to be greater than the water density; when the filler is added for the first time, the equipment needs to be filled with water to protect the water inlet distributor 17. The filler dosage can be measured by a measuring instrument, or the equipment can be stopped from inletting water, and the pressure gauge 23 reading can be read to calculate the filler dosage in the equipment using the proportional relationship between pressure and feeding amount;

[0041] (4) During the fluidized bed reaction, the crystallization or filler reaction conditions, such as fluidization state, dosage, sludge discharge cycle, etc., are controlled in the fluidized bed reaction zone, so that the solute molecules in the solution crystallize and grow at a certain speed and direction, and finally form small particles of calcium carbonate. The filler is fully mixed with the hard wastewater from the bottom of the equipment. In the process of water flow rising, the small calcium carbonate particles generated by the chemical hardness removal reaction form larger particles under the induced crystallization, adsorption, aggregation, and coagulation of the fluidized bed filler, thereby removing the hardness in the water; the fluidized bed reaction zone is divided into two areas, the inner area and the outer area. The inner area is the center of the lower central reaction inner tube 13, and the outer area is the interlayer between the outer wall of the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and the inner wall of the lower inner wall tube 12. In the inner area, due to the small diameter of the lower central reaction inner tube 13, under the same water inlet flow rate, the filler in the lower central reaction inner tube 13 is fluidized violently, and the high-velocity water flow drives the bottom filler to rise rapidly to the top of the lower central reaction inner tube 13. The outer zone is when the filler rises to the top of the lower center reaction inner tube 13, the sudden expansion of the upper mud bucket 11 reduces the flow rate in this area. Under the action of gravity, the mixed liquid is prone to solid-liquid separation, and the filler slides into the outer zone of the fluidized bed reaction zone, and finally falls to the bottom of the equipment, where it mixes with the incoming water again and rises. The filler forms a circulation and fluidized state in the fluidized bed reaction zone; since the lower end of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 has a trumpet 130 (trumpet), the incoming water is guided to the center of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 by the trumpet 130, so the filler can form a circulation in the fluidized bed reaction zone. When the vertical distance between the trumpet 130 (trumpet) at the lower end of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 and the side wall of the lower mud bucket 15 is too large, it may affect the fluidization state of the fluidized bed reaction zone. The height position of the lower center reaction inner tube 13 can be appropriately adjusted by the height adjustment rod 7;

[0042] (5) Solid-liquid separation: the generated solid particles are separated from the water by natural sedimentation and other methods, and collected for further processing or utilization. In the solid-liquid separation area, large solid particles in the water settle to the upper mud bucket 11, and then slide into the outer area of ​​the fluidized bed reaction zone. The supernatant flows into the annular overflow weir 10 and is collected in the outlet pipe 3 to meet the standards for discharge;

[0043] (6) Circulation treatment: the separated water is re-entered into the anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device for circulation treatment until a satisfactory hardness removal effect is achieved;

[0044] (7) Mud discharge method: When the added filler or seed crystal gradually increases and the reading of the density meter 25 reaches the upper limit of the density threshold, the water inlet valve is closed, the mud discharge valve is opened, and the filler or seed crystal flows outward from the four directions of the lower mud bucket 15 and is collected in the mud discharge main pipe 2 and then discharged outward. When the pressure of the pressure gauge 23 in the device reaches a certain threshold, the mud discharge valve is closed, the device stops discharging mud, and then the filler addition process in step (3) is repeated to replenish the filler;

[0045] (8) Weak current anti-scaling component: After the equipment has been running for a period of time, the weak current anti-scaling component (8) is started, and the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and the lower inner wall tube 12 form the positive and negative poles of the power supply. Under the action of power-on and polarity reversal of the automatic control system, the compacted scale gathered on the inner surface of the device becomes looser. Under the coupling action of electrochemistry, rotating upward water flow and fluidized friction of filler, the tendency of scale deposition is blocked, loosened and falls off by itself, keeping the inner wall of the equipment smooth and avoiding the problem of long-term accumulation of seed crystals and hardening caused by shutdown. The self-cleaning and anti-scaling effect of the device makes maintenance simpler;

[0046] The treatment effect comparison of a blocking-proof high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device based on the utility model is as follows:

[0047] Effect 1: When the equipment is filled with quartz sand, the density is 1.15kg / m 3 When the particle size is 0.2-0.3mm, adjust the distance between the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and the lower mud bucket 15 to 10cm, the fluidized bed vulcanization height in the equipment is 1600mm, the total hardness of the inlet water is 500mg / g, and after treatment by the device, the outlet water is 200mg / L.

[0048] Effect 2: When the equipment is filled with quartz sand, the density is 1.15 kg / m 3 When the particle size is 0.5-1.0mm, the distance between the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and the lower mud bucket 15 is adjusted to 10cm, the fluidized bed vulcanization height in the equipment is 1300mm, the fluidization state of the fluidized bed is poor, and the quartz sand filler can only be fluidized in the lower central reaction inner tube 13, and a circulating fluidization state from the inner area to the outer area of ​​the fluidized reaction zone cannot be formed. The total hardness of the inlet water is 500mg / g. After being treated by the device, the outlet water is 400mg / L, and the removal effect is low.

[0049] Effect 3: When the equipment is filled with quartz sand, the density is 1.15 kg / m 3 When the particle size is 0.5-1.0mm, adjust the distance between the lower central reaction inner tube 13 and the lower mud bucket 15 to 5cm, the fluidized bed vulcanization height in the equipment is 1600mm, the total hardness of the inlet water is 500mg / g, and the outlet water is 200mg / L, which is the same as effect one.

[0050] Effect 4: When the equipment is filled with quartz sand, the density is 1.15 kg / m 3 When the particle size is 0.5-1.0mm, adjust the distance between the lower center reaction inner tube 13 and the lower mud bucket 15 to 2cm, the fluidized bed vulcanization height in the equipment is 1700mm, and the outer area of ​​the fluidized bed reaction zone is blocked. The total hardness of the inlet water is 500mg / g and the outlet water is 350mg / L.

[0051] From the effects one to four, it can be seen that the vertical distance between the lower center reaction inner cylinder 13 and the bottom cone barrel (the vertical distance of the side wall of the lower mud bucket 15) affects the flow state. Proper adjustment of the distance between the lower center reaction inner cylinder 13 can control the hardness removal effect. The device can be used in various places where hardness needs to be removed from water, such as sewage treatment plants, swimming pools, bathhouses, power plants, chemical companies, etc. At the same time, for some complex water quality that is difficult to treat, the device can also provide an effective solution.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device, characterized by: The hardness removal device includes a reactor body, which is composed of a lower shell and an upper shell. A lower inner wall tube and a lower center reaction inner tube vertically distributed from the inner wall to the center are arranged in the lower shell. An annular overflow weir is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the upper shell, and a water outlet pipe connected to the outside of the upper shell is arranged on the annular overflow weir. An upper mud hopper is arranged between the upper end tube mouth of the lower inner wall tube and the upper port part of the lower shell. A water inlet distributor is arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell. The lower end of the lower inner wall tube has a lower mud hopper that extends toward the edge of the outer wall of the water inlet distributor and shrinks. The lower port part of the lower center reaction inner tube is provided with a horn extending toward the inner side wall of the lower mud hopper. A water inlet pipe, a mud discharge main pipe, a dosing pipe and a bottom reserved pipe extending into the lower mud hopper are respectively arranged on the lower end side walls of the lower shell.

2. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crescent cover plate and a central circular cover plate are arranged on the top of the upper shell body, the edge of the central circular cover plate is connected to the mouth of the top of the upper shell body through the crescent cover plate, and the central circular cover plate and the crescent cover plate are sealed by buckles and rubber strips.

3. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 2 is characterized by: A height adjustment rod is connected to the top of the lower central reaction inner cylinder, and the upper end of the height adjustment rod vertically extends upward from the outside of the central circular cover plate at the top of the upper shell body. A filler injection port extending into the lower central reaction inner cylinder is arranged on the central circular cover plate at the top of the upper shell body.

4. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A weak current anti-scaling component is arranged outside the top of the upper shell, and the weak current output end of the weak current anti-scaling component is connected between the cylinder wall of the lower inner wall cylinder and the cylinder wall of the lower central reaction inner cylinder through wires.

5. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turbocharger fan blade is provided at a vertically coaxial position at the center of the water inlet distributor, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet distributor.

6. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular mud discharge pipe is arranged at the outer edge of the bottom of the lower mud bucket, the annular mud discharge pipe is connected with the mud discharge main pipe, and a plurality of mud discharge branch pipes extending into the lower mud bucket are arranged on the annular mud discharge pipe.

7. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber fastening ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower central reaction inner cylinder, and the outer wall of the rubber fastening ring is connected to the inner wall of the lower inner wall cylinder through a horizontal support rod.

8. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water inlet valve and a water inlet flowmeter are arranged on the water inlet pipe, a density meter for detecting the liquid concentration inside the cylinder near the lower inner wall is arranged on the outside of the lower shell body, and a pressure gauge for detecting the internal pressure of the water inlet distributor is arranged on the outside of the lower shell body; a sludge discharge flowmeter is arranged on the sludge discharge main pipe.

9. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The lower mud bucket is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 45-75°; the upper mud bucket is a conical mud bucket with a taper of 30°-75°.

10. The anti-blocking high-efficiency fluidized bed water treatment and hardness removal device according to claim 1, 5 or 8, characterized in that: The water inlet distributor is a circular tube vertically arranged at the bottom center of the lower shell, and a circular tube opening with a length of 10-20% of the length of the circular tube and an inward contraction angle of 45°-60° is arranged at the top of the circular tube.

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