Steel rail structure of rectangular pipe jacking tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pipe-jacking construction, and discloses a steel rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel, which comprises a rectangular pipe-jacking section and a car hopper arranged in the rectangular pipe-jacking section, a steel rail body is further arranged in the rectangular pipe-jacking section, and the car hopper is connected to the steel rail body in a sliding mode through idler wheels arranged at the bottom. A sleeper plate is arranged on the bottom wall of the rectangular pipe jacking section, the steel rail body is arranged above the sleeper plate, the steel rail body and the sleeper plate are connected together by arranging a cushion table assembly, and the cushion table assembly can block up the steel rail body, so that the distance between the steel rail body and the sleeper plate meets the requirement that a cable line in the rectangular pipe jacking section can pass through; the utility model has the advantages that the operation stability of the slag tapping vehicle is ensured, and the cable line is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a steel rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel, belonging to the technical field of pipe-jacking construction. Background Art

[0002] Pipe jacking refers to a dark excavation construction method used when tunnels or underground pipelines pass through various obstacles such as railways, roads, rivers or buildings.

[0003] When the pipe jacking method is used for construction, the pipe is pressed into the soil layer by a hydraulic jack supported on the rear seat of the foundation pit through the force transmission jacking iron and the guide rail, and the soil on the front of the pipe is excavated and transported away. When the first section of the pipe is completely pushed into the soil layer, the second section of the pipe is connected to the back and pushed in continuously. In this way, the pipes are pushed in section by section, the joints are made, and the culvert is built.

[0004] The pipe jacking method is particularly suitable for constructing culverts or rivers and lakes that pass through existing buildings and traffic lines. Pipe jacking can be divided into mechanical excavation jacking, extrusion jacking, hydraulic mechanical excavation and manual excavation jacking according to different excavation methods.

[0005] In the prior art, a utility model patent application with Chinese patent application publication number CN117514227A discloses a fully automatic slag transport system in a rectangular pipe jacking tunnel, including an automatic slag transport vehicle and a track system, wherein: the automatic slag transport vehicle includes: a frame, a power system, a power supply system, a braking system, a detection system, a slag bucket, a vibration system and a control system; the track system is laid in a spliced ​​manner in the rectangular pipe jacking tunnel; and the automatic slag transport vehicle is installed on the track system through the wheels under the frame, and can move forward to a predetermined position to work, and move backward to reach a predetermined position in the working shaft. The fully automatic slag transport system proposed in this utility model application has a high degree of automation, reduces labor costs, improves construction efficiency, and can avoid the safety risks of manual operation. However, it still has the following problems in actual use:

[0006] 1. The distance between the track system and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the pipe segment is very small, that is, the track is laid at a low height, which makes it easy for sand and other foreign objects to accumulate on both sides of the track. When such foreign objects accumulate too much, it will affect the pressure fit between the wheels and the track, causing the slag truck to shake during operation, or even derail.

[0007] 2. Since the track is laid at a low height, objects such as cable lines on the side of the track can easily get stuck between the wheels and the track, causing damage to such objects and possibly affecting the slag transportation work of the entire system. Utility Model Content

[0008] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a rail structure for a rectangular pipe jacking tunnel.

[0009] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0010] A rail structure for a rectangular jacking tube tunnel comprises a rectangular jacking tube section and a truck bed arranged in the rectangular jacking tube section, a rail body is also arranged in the rectangular jacking tube section, the truck bed is slidably connected to the rail body by rollers arranged at the bottom, a sleeper plate is arranged on the bottom wall of the rectangular jacking tube section, the rail body is arranged above the sleeper plate, the rail body and the sleeper plate are connected together by a pad assembly, and the pad assembly can raise the rail body so that the distance between the rail body and the sleeper plate is sufficient for the cable line in the rectangular jacking tube section to pass through.

[0011] Furthermore, the pad assembly includes an articulated mounting seat, which is arranged on the top wall of the sleeper plate, and a buffer tilting rod is rotatably connected to the articulated mounting seat by a pin shaft. The buffer tilting rod is a bent structure, and the inclined section of the buffer tilting rod is connected to the articulated mounting seat. The rail body is connected to the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod, and an open groove is provided on the end of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod away from the inclined section. A buffer bolt is provided in the open groove, and the buffer bolt is arranged to pass through the open groove. The bottom of the buffer bolt is connected to the sleeper plate, and a shock-absorbing assembly mounted on the buffer bolt is provided between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod and the top wall of the sleeper plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a boss gasket is arranged between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilt rod and the top wall of the sleeper plate, the boss gasket is arranged on the top wall of the sleeper plate, the buffer bolt is arranged to pass through the boss gasket, the shock absorbing assembly is arranged on the boss gasket, the bottom of the shock absorbing assembly is tightly arranged against the top wall of the boss gasket, and the top of the shock absorbing assembly is tightly arranged against the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilt rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a first clamping nut is locked into the top of the buffer bolt, and the bottom of the first clamping nut is pressed against the top wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the shock absorbing assembly includes butterfly steel washers and pancake-shaped rubber washers, a plurality of butterfly steel washers and pancake-shaped rubber washers are arranged on the buffer bolt, and the butterfly steel washers and pancake-shaped rubber washers are alternately stacked on the buffer bolt.

[0015] Furthermore, a first mounting hole is provided on the horizontal section of the buffer tilt rod, and a second mounting hole adapted to the first mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the rail body. The rail body is fixedly connected to the horizontal section of the buffer tilt rod by inserting connecting bolts into the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole and locking a second clamping nut into the connecting bolt.

[0016] Furthermore, a baffle is provided at the bottom of the bucket, and the baffle is provided on the front and rear sides of the roller.

[0017] Furthermore, the bottom of the truck bed is installed by arranging a bearing seat and a roller, the roller is rotatably connected in the bearing seat, and a lubrication box is arranged on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the bearing seat, the lubrication boxes on both sides are arranged with an internal hollow structure, and the bottoms of the lubrication boxes on both sides are arranged with oil distribution blocks, and the lubrication boxes on both sides are connected with the corresponding oil distribution blocks by arranging oil outlet channels, and the bottoms of the oil distribution blocks on both sides are arranged with oil cotton, and the bottoms of the oil distribution cotton on both sides are in contact with the rail body, and the bottoms of the oil distribution blocks on both sides are provided with oil distribution holes connected with the corresponding oil distribution cotton.

[0018] Furthermore, the lubrication boxes on both sides are connected to the outside world by being provided with oil inlet nozzles.

[0019] Furthermore, dust removal brushes are provided at the bottom of the lubrication boxes on both sides, and the bottoms of the dust removal brushes on both sides are in contact with the rail body. The dust removal brushes on both sides are arranged at positions where the oiled cotton on the corresponding sides is away from the bearing seat side, and the dust removal brushes on both sides and the oiled cotton on the corresponding sides are separated by partitions.

[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The utility model can raise the installation height of the rail body by arranging the sleeper plate and the pad assembly, so that foreign matter such as sand on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the rectangular top pipe section is not easy to fall on the inner corner of the rail body, so as to improve the problem of the rail body being pressed against the roller due to the accumulation of sand and foreign matter, and at the same time, it can also effectively prevent the side cable line from being damaged by the roller due to moving onto the rail body, so that the side cable line can pass under the rail body. Compared with the existing technology, it has the advantages of ensuring the running stability of the slag truck and avoiding damage to the cable line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the enlarged view of point A;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a top view of the buffer tilting rod in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of point B;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a side view of the bearing seat in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7This is the enlarged view of point C;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-coated cotton in contact with the rail body in the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the dust removal brush contacts the rail body in the utility model.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0032] 1. Rectangular jacking tube section; 2. Cargo box; 3. Rail body; 4. Roller; 5. Sleeper plate; 6. Pad assembly; 61. Articulated mounting seat; 62. Pin shaft; 63. Buffering lever; 64. Opening groove; 65. Buffering bolt; 66. Shock-absorbing assembly; 661. Butterfly steel gasket; 662. Pancake rubber gasket; 67. Boss gasket; 68. First clamping nut; 69. First mounting hole; 7. Second mounting hole; 8. Connecting bolt; 9. Second clamping nut; 10. Baffle; 11. Bearing seat; 12. Lubrication box; 13. Oil distribution block; 14. Oil outlet channel; 15. Oiling cotton; 16. Oil distribution hole; 17. Oil inlet nozzle; 18. Dust removal brush; 19. Partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example: Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 The present embodiment provides a rail structure for a rectangular pipe jacking tunnel, including a rectangular pipe jacking section 1 and a bucket 2 disposed inside the rectangular pipe jacking section 1. A rail body 3 is also disposed inside the rectangular pipe jacking section 1. The bucket 2 is slidably connected to the rail body 3 by rollers 4 disposed at the bottom, so that the bucket 2 can move on the rail body 3 to carry out the required slag transportation work. A bearing seat 11 is disposed at the bottom of the bucket 2, and the roller 4 is connected to the bearing seat 11 by rotation to be connected to the bucket 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, a sleeper plate 5 is provided on the bottom wall of the rectangular top tube section 1. The sleeper plate 5 may be a plate that flattens the entire bottom wall of the rectangular top tube section 1, or may be a plurality of strip plates that are spaced apart along the layout direction of the rail body 3. The specific arrangement may be determined according to actual conditions. The rail body 3 is arranged above the sleeper plate 5. The rail body 3 and the sleeper plate 5 are connected together by arranging a plurality of pad assemblies 6. The specific arrangement of the pad assemblies 6 may be determined according to actual conditions. The pad assemblies 6 are evenly distributed along the layout direction of the rail body 3. The pad assembly 6 can raise the rail body 3 so that the distance between the rail body 3 and the sleeper plate 5 is sufficient for the cable line in the rectangular top tube section 1 to pass through, so that the cable line can pass from under the rail body 3, effectively avoiding the situation where the cable line is moved onto the rail body 3 and is damaged by the roller 4. At the same time, raising the installation height of the rail body 3 can also make it difficult for sand and other foreign objects on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the rectangular top tube section 1 to fall on the inner corner of the rail body 3, so as to improve the problem of the rail body 3 being pressed against the roller 4 due to the accumulation of sand and foreign objects.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pad assembly 6 includes an articulated mounting seat 61, which is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the sleeper plate 5. The articulated mounting seat 61 is rotatably connected to a buffering rod 63 by setting a pin shaft 62. The buffering rod 63 can be a solid rod or a hollow tube, as long as it meets the load-bearing requirements. The buffering rod 63 is a bent structure, and the inclined section of the buffering rod 63 is fixedly connected to the articulated mounting seat 61 by being fixedly connected to the pin shaft 62, and the horizontal section of the buffering rod 63 is fixedly connected to the rail body 3. An opening groove 64 is provided on the end of the horizontal section of the buffering rod 63 away from the inclined section, and a vertically arranged buffering bolt 65 is provided in the opening groove 64. The buffering rod 63 can slide along the buffering bolt 65 in an adaptive manner under the opening of the opening groove 64. The buffer bolt 65 is arranged to penetrate the opening slot 64, the bottom of the buffer bolt 65 is fixedly connected to the sleeper plate 5, and a shock absorbing assembly 66 is arranged between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod 63 and the top wall of the sleeper plate 5 and is sleeved on the buffer bolt 65. A boss gasket 67 is also arranged between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod 63 and the top wall of the sleeper plate 5, the boss gasket 67 is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the sleeper plate 5, the buffer bolt 65 is arranged to penetrate the boss gasket 67, the shock absorbing assembly 66 is arranged on the boss gasket 67, the bottom of the shock absorbing assembly 66 is closely arranged with the top wall of the boss gasket 67, and the top of the shock absorbing assembly 66 is closely arranged with the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod 63, so as to play a good supporting and shock absorbing role. A first clamping nut 68 is locked into the top of the buffer bolt 65 , and the bottom of the first clamping nut 68 is pressed against the top wall of the horizontal section of the buffer lever 63 , so as to clamp the buffer lever 63 to prevent the buffer lever 63 from moving upward along the buffer bolt 65 .

[0037] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, by installing the rail body 3 on the buffer lever 63, the buffer lever 63 with a bent structure can raise the rail body 3 through its bending angle and the posture on the hinged mounting seat 61 to achieve the above-mentioned effect. The setting of the shock-absorbing component 66 can provide support and shock-absorbing functions for the buffer lever 63. In this embodiment, the shock-absorbing component 66 includes a butterfly-shaped steel gasket 661 and a pancake-shaped rubber gasket 662. A plurality of butterfly-shaped steel gaskets 661 and pancake-shaped rubber gaskets 662 are provided on the buffer bolt 65, and the specific number can be determined according to actual conditions. The butterfly steel gasket 661 and the pancake rubber gasket 662 are alternately stacked on the buffer bolt 65. The purpose of the alternate stacking is that if all rubber is used, the material is too soft and the rebound is slow, which will cause the bucket 2 to be unstable when running on the rail body 3. After the butterfly steel gasket is blocked and padded between the pancake rubber gaskets 662, the soft elasticity of the rubber column can be suppressed, and its tough elasticity can be improved, so that it can rebound and reset more easily while maintaining deformation and energy absorption. When the bucket 2 runs on the rail body 3 and the impact force is transmitted to the buffer tilting rod 63, the shock absorbing assembly 66 can effectively absorb energy and shock and rebound in time, so as to ensure the stability of the bucket 2 running on the rail body 3, reduce the wear on the bottom surface of the rectangular top pipe section 1, and at the same time, reduce the noise of the roller 4 and the rail body 3 rolling in press fit.

[0038] In this embodiment, a first mounting hole 69 is formed on the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod 63, and a second mounting hole 7 adapted to the first mounting hole 69 is formed on the bottom of the rail body 3. The rail body 3 is fixedly connected to the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod 63 by inserting a connecting bolt 8 into the second mounting hole 7 and the first mounting hole 69 and locking a second clamping nut 9 into the connecting bolt 8. The bolt-nut connection method can facilitate the disassembly of the rail body 3 after the subsequent construction is completed.

[0039] In this embodiment, a baffle 10 is further provided at the bottom of the bucket 2, and the baffle 10 is provided at the front and rear sides of the roller 4. The baffle 10 can prevent foreign objects from hitting or entering the roller 4 to a certain extent, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the roller 4 rolling on the rail body 3.

[0040] In order to further ensure the stability and reliability of the roller 4 when rolling on the rail body 3, in this embodiment, a lubrication box 12 is provided on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the bearing seat 11. The lubrication boxes 12 on both sides are hollow structures, and the interior of the lubrication boxes 12 on both sides is used to load lubricating oil. The lubrication boxes 12 on both sides are connected to the outside world by providing an oil inlet nozzle 17, so that the outside world can inject lubricating oil into the lubrication box 12 through the oil inlet nozzle 17. The bottom of the lubrication boxes 12 on both sides is provided with an oil distribution block 13, and the lubrication boxes 12 on both sides are connected to the corresponding side oil distribution blocks 13 by providing an oil outlet channel 14. The bottom of the oil distribution blocks 13 on both sides is provided with oil cotton 15, and the bottom of the oil cotton 15 on both sides is in contact with the rail body 3. The position where the oil cotton 15 on both sides contacts the rail body 3 is adapted to the position where the roller 4 contacts the rail body 3. The bottom of the oil distribution blocks 13 on both sides is provided with an oil distribution hole 16 to connect with the corresponding side oil cotton 15. Through the above arrangement, the lubricating oil in the lubricating box 12 can leave the lubricating box 12 through the oil outlet channel 14 under the action of gravity and enter the oil distribution block 13, and then leave the oil distribution block 13 through the oil distribution hole 16 under the action of gravity and enter the oiling cotton 15, and be adsorbed by the oiling cotton 15. After the oiling cotton 15 adsorbs the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil will move to the bottom of the oiling cotton 15 under its own gravity and capillary action, and finally penetrate from the bottom of the oiling cotton 15 to the rail body 3, so that the lubricating oil can be applied to the contact position between the rail body 3 and the roller 4, so as to reduce the friction between the roller 4 and the rail body 3, so that the roller 4 slides on the rail body 3 more smoothly and quietly. In actual use, lubricating oil should be added to the lubricating box 12 at the appropriate position according to the movement direction of the bucket 2 to avoid waste of lubricating oil.

[0041] To further prevent foreign matter such as sand from entering the rail body 3 and affecting the pressing of the roller 4 and the rail body 3. In this embodiment, dust brushes 18 are also provided at the bottom of the lubrication boxes 12 on both sides. The bottoms of the dust brushes 18 on both sides are in contact with the rail body 3. The positions where the dust brushes 18 on both sides contact the rail body 3 are adapted to the positions where the roller 4 contacts the rail body 3, so that the dust brushes 18 can sweep away foreign matter such as sand at the position where the rail body 3 and the roller 4 contact during the movement of the bucket 2, so as to ensure the pressing effect between the roller 4 and the rail body 3. At the same time, the dust brushes 18 on both sides are arranged at the position where the oiling cotton 15 on the corresponding side is away from the side of the bearing seat 11, so as to achieve dust removal before oiling, so as to prevent foreign matter such as sand from affecting the lubricating effect of the lubricating oil. In addition, the dust removal brushes 18 on both sides are separated from the oil-coated cotton 15 on the corresponding sides by a partition plate 19 to prevent the dust removal brushes 18 from being contaminated by lubricating oil, which would result in a reduced dust removal effect of the dust removal brushes 18 .

[0042] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail structure for a rectangular jacking tunnel, comprising a rectangular jacking tunnel section (1) and a bucket (2) arranged in the rectangular jacking tunnel section (1), a rail body (3) also being arranged in the rectangular jacking tunnel section (1), the bucket (2) being slidably connected to the rail body (3) by rollers (4) arranged at the bottom, characterized in that: A rail sleeper plate (5) is arranged on the bottom wall of the rectangular top pipe section (1), and the rail body (3) is arranged above the rail sleeper plate (5). The rail body (3) and the rail sleeper plate (5) are connected together by arranging a pad assembly (6). The pad assembly (6) can raise the rail body (3) so that the distance between the rail body (3) and the rail sleeper plate (5) is sufficient for the cable line in the rectangular top pipe section (1) to pass through.

2. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pad assembly (6) comprises an articulated mounting seat (61), which is arranged on the top wall of the sleeper plate (5). A buffering lever (63) is rotatably connected to the articulated mounting seat (61) by means of a pin shaft (62). The buffering lever (63) is a bent structure. The inclined section of the buffering lever (63) is connected to the articulated mounting seat (61). The rail body (3) is connected to the horizontal section of the buffering lever (63). An opening groove (64) is provided on the end of the horizontal section of the buffering lever (63) away from the inclined section. A buffering bolt (65) is provided in the opening groove (64). The buffering bolt (65) is provided to penetrate the opening groove (64). The bottom of the buffering bolt (65) is connected to the sleeper plate (5). A shock absorbing assembly (66) sleeved on the buffering bolt (65) is provided between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffering lever (63) and the top wall of the sleeper plate (5).

3. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A boss gasket (67) is also provided between the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod (63) and the top wall of the sleeper plate (5); the boss gasket (67) is provided on the top wall of the sleeper plate (5); the buffer bolt (65) is provided to penetrate the boss gasket (67); the shock absorbing assembly (66) is provided on the boss gasket (67); the bottom of the shock absorbing assembly (66) is closely attached to the top wall of the boss gasket (67); and the top of the shock absorbing assembly (66) is closely attached to the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod (63).

4. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first clamping nut (68) is locked into the top of the buffer bolt (65), and the bottom of the first clamping nut (68) is pressed against the top wall of the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod (63).

5. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shock absorbing assembly (66) comprises a butterfly steel gasket (661) and a pancake-shaped rubber gasket (662), a plurality of butterfly steel gaskets (661) and pancake-shaped rubber gaskets (662) are arranged on the buffer bolt (65), and the butterfly steel gaskets (661) and pancake-shaped rubber gaskets (662) are alternately stacked on the buffer bolt (65).

6. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first mounting hole (69) is provided on the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod (63), and a second mounting hole (7) adapted to the first mounting hole (69) is provided on the bottom of the rail body (3). The rail body (3) is fixedly connected to the horizontal section of the buffer tilting rod (63) by inserting a connecting bolt (8) into the second mounting hole (7) and the first mounting hole (69) and locking a second clamping nut (9) into the connecting bolt (8).

7. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vehicle bucket (2) is also provided with a baffle (10), and the baffle (10) is provided on the front side and the rear side of the roller (4).

8. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the truck box (2) is installed by arranging a bearing seat (11) and a roller (4), the roller (4) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (11), a lubrication box (12) is arranged on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the bearing seat (11), the lubrication boxes (12) on both sides are arranged with a hollow structure, the bottoms of the lubrication boxes (12) on both sides are arranged with oil distribution blocks (13), the lubrication boxes (12) on both sides are connected with the corresponding side oil distribution blocks (13) by arranging an oil outlet channel (14), the bottoms of the oil distribution blocks (13) on both sides are arranged with oil cotton (15), the bottoms of the oil distribution blocks (15) on both sides are in contact with the rail body (3), and the bottoms of the oil distribution blocks (13) on both sides are provided with oil distribution holes (16) connected with the corresponding side oil distribution cotton (15).

9. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lubrication boxes (12) on both sides are connected to the outside world by being provided with oil inlet nozzles (17).

10. The rail structure of a rectangular pipe-jacking tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the lubrication box (12) on both sides is also provided with a dust removal brush (18), the bottom of the dust removal brush (18) on both sides is in contact with the rail body (3), the dust removal brush (18) on both sides is arranged at a position of the oiled cotton (15) on the corresponding side away from the bearing seat (11), and the dust removal brush (18) on both sides is separated from the oiled cotton (15) on the corresponding side by a partition (19).

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