Fabricated underwater suspension tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses an assembly type underwater suspension tunnel which comprises pile foundations, connecting piers, damping supports, a lower cross beam, an upper cross beam, a double-ball-head connecting rod and a tunnel pipe joint, the pile foundations are anchored into the seabed, and tenons are fixed to the top ends of the pile foundations; mortises are formed in the lower end faces of the connecting piers, and the tenons are assembled in the mortises; the damping support is fixed on the connecting pier; the lower cross beam is fixed on the two adjacent damping supports; the upper cross beam is fixedly connected with a tunnel pipe joint; the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are connected through a plurality of double-ball-head connecting rods. The upper cross beam, the lower cross beam and the double-ball-head connecting rods form a plane truss, so that it is guaranteed that constraint of a tunnel has enough transverse and vertical rigidity; a damping support is arranged between the lower cross beam and the pile foundation to guarantee the anti-seismic performance of the structure; the buttress adapts to longitudinal deformation of the tunnel through rotation of the two ends of the double-ball-head connecting rod in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of underwater transportation, and more specifically to an assembled underwater suspended tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The underwater suspended tunnel is a seemingly simple and easy-to-use transportation structure, but its realization requires solving a series of technical problems, among which the form of pier structure is the core key issue. Compared with immersed tube tunnels and deep-buried submarine tunnels, suspended tunnels have many advantages: convenient construction, good stress conditions, and low cost. The constraint structure of the underwater suspended tunnel needs to provide support for the tunnel body in terms of anti-floating, anti-sinking, and anti-flow pressure (anti-lateral displacement). The normal use of the tunnel requires the support structure to have sufficient rigidity; because it is difficult to carry out later maintenance and replacement of underwater structures, all underwater structures need to have long-term corrosion resistance and excellent seismic resistance to prevent the tunnel from being destroyed in an earthquake, causing major disasters and huge economic losses. These requirements combined make the underwater suspended tunnel seem simple and easy, but in fact it is not easy to solve various problems.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a reliable constraint structure that meets various stringent requirements of underwater floating tunnels is a problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model provides an assembled underwater suspended tunnel, the tunnel part of which is similar in height to an underwater immersed tube tunnel, except that the tunnel is not located on the seabed, but is supported (constrained) on piers like a bridge. The average density of the tunnel is less than that of water, and the buoyancy of the tunnel causes the piers to be pulled to facilitate structural stability.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An assembled underwater suspended tunnel, comprising:

[0007] Pile foundations, wherein a plurality of the pile foundations are anchored into the seabed, and a tenon is fixed to the top of the pile foundation, and the tenon is exposed from the seabed;

[0008] A connecting pier, wherein a mortise hole is formed on the lower end surface of the connecting pier, and the tenon is assembled in the mortise hole;

[0009] A shock-absorbing support, the bottom surface of which is fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting pier;

[0010] A lower cross beam, the two ends of the bottom surface of the lower cross beam are respectively fixed to the top surfaces of two adjacent shock-absorbing supports;

[0011] An upper crossbeam, the upper crossbeam is suspended in the water and together with the lower crossbeam forms the upper and lower chords of the plane truss;

[0012] A double ball-end connecting rod, wherein a plurality of the double ball-end connecting rods are supported between the lower cross beam and the upper cross beam;

[0013] A tunnel pipe segment is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper cross beam through a prestressed steel strand.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are that the upper crossbeam is consolidated with the tunnel pipe segment, and the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are connected by multiple double ball-end connecting rods to form a plane truss to ensure sufficient horizontal and vertical stiffness of the underwater floating tunnel; a seismic isolation bearing is arranged between the lower crossbeam and the pile foundation to ensure the seismic performance of the structure, and the arrangement of the tenon and the connecting pier can adapt to the construction error of the underwater pile foundation, and the plug-in method is convenient for organization and fixation.

[0015] Preferably, there is an assembly gap between the outer peripheral side of the tenon and the inner wall of the tenon hole. When the connecting pier is installed, the tenon hole is sleeved on the tenon, and the assembly gap facilitates the insertion of the tenon, and the assembly gap can be used to adjust the coordinate error of the pile foundation construction.

[0016] Preferably, high-strength quick-setting concrete is injected into the assembly gap. After the connection pier is installed, the assembly gap is filled with high-strength quick-setting concrete to ensure sufficient anchoring force between the tenon and the tenon hole.

[0017] Preferably, the assembly gap is subjected to secondary grouting after the high-strength quick-setting concrete is finally set. A grouting pipe is led out at an appropriate position of the tenon connection, and after the high-strength quick-setting concrete poured for the initial connection is cured to a certain strength, grouting is performed in the assembly gap through the grouting pipe, so as to remedy the internal defects of the high-strength quick-setting concrete poured for the initial connection caused by water disturbance during the curing period, and ensure the overall performance of the connection between the tenon and the connecting pier.

[0018] Preferably, the double ball connecting rod comprises a rod body, a ball body, an anchor sleeve and an anti-corrosion cover;

[0019] The two balls are fixed to the two ends of the rod body in a one-to-one correspondence to form a double ball head connecting rod, and prestressed tendons are arranged along the axial direction of the double ball head connecting rod;

[0020] The anchor sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the sphere; a spherical slide plate is embedded between the inner wall surface of the anchor sleeve and the outer surface of the sphere;

[0021] The anti-corrosion cover is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod body and the end of the anchor sleeve facing the rod body, and the inner cavity of the anti-corrosion cover is filled with anti-corrosion grease.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that a spherical slide plate is provided between the sphere and the inner wall of the anchor sleeve, and a sliding surface is formed between the outer wall of the sphere and the inner wall of the spherical slide plate, so that a ball joint structure is formed between the sphere and the anchor sleeve. The universal rotation feature of the ball joint can adapt to the large displacement requirements of the structure, and the prestressed beam is used to strengthen the structural strength of the double ball head connecting rod.

[0023] Preferably, the two ends of the double ball connecting rod are respectively fixed in the beam bodies of the lower cross beam and the upper cross beam. The upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are connected by multiple double ball connecting rods to form a plane truss, so that the tunnel can withstand the effects of loads such as gravity, buoyancy, and lateral water pressure, and ensure that the underwater floating tunnel has sufficient lateral and vertical rigidity.

[0024] Preferably, the two opposite end faces of the plurality of tunnel segments are connected by prestressing to form a floating tunnel. The underwater floating tunnel is installed in sections.

[0025] Preferably, the pile foundation is a bored cast-in-place pile or a sunken pile. When the pile foundation is a bored cast-in-place pile, on-site drilling and casting construction can be adopted, and when the pile foundation is a sunken pile, it can be driven into the seabed by a pile-driving ship.

[0026] Preferably, the connecting pier, the lower cross beam, the upper cross beam, the double ball-end connecting rod and the tunnel pipe section are all prefabricated in the factory. The underwater floating tunnel adopts an assembly construction process, and each structural component is prefabricated in the factory and assembled on site after being floated to the location.

[0027] Preferably, it further comprises a temporary anchor and a temporary anchor cable, wherein the temporary anchor is fixed on the seabed, and the two ends of the multiple temporary anchor cables are temporarily fixed to the temporary anchor and the tunnel pipe section respectively. After the offshore installation unit of the underwater floating tunnel is assembled, the tunnel pipe section can be sunk into the water and positioned by the temporary anchor and the temporary anchor cable, and then the connection pier and the tenon are connected to realize the installation of the underwater floating tunnel.

[0028] It can be known from the above technical scheme that compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a prefabricated underwater floating tunnel, the piers of the underwater floating tunnel are composed of an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a double ball head connecting rod, a seismic isolation support, a pile foundation and other parts, the upper crossbeam is connected to the tunnel pipe section; the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are connected by multiple double ball head connecting rods to form a plane truss to ensure sufficient horizontal and vertical stiffness; a shock-absorbing support is arranged between the lower crossbeam and the pile foundation to ensure the seismic performance of the structure; the piers are adapted to the expansion and contraction deformation of the tunnel through the rotation of the two ends of the double ball head connecting rod in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. All components of the tunnel and the underwater piers are permanent structures, which only require simple maintenance and do not need to be replaced during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an underwater suspended tunnel provided by the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation longitudinal section of the underwater floating tunnel provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the underwater floating tunnel provided by the utility model after assembly;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross section of a temporary positioning tunnel pipe segment provided by the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the double ball head connecting rod provided by the utility model.

[0035] in,

[0036] 1-tunnel pipe section; 2-upper crossbeam; 3-double ball head connecting rod; 31-rod body; 32-sphere; 33-prestressed tendon; 34-anchor sleeve; 35-anti-corrosion cover; 36-spherical slide plate; 4-lower crossbeam; 5-shock-absorbing bearing; 6-connecting pier; 61-mortise hole; 7-pile foundation; 71-tenon; 8-temporary anchor; 9-temporary anchor cable; 10-prestressed steel strand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0038] See attached Figures 1 to 5 The utility model discloses an assembled underwater suspended tunnel, which integrates the technical features of bridges and tunnels; the underwater suspended tunnel is supported (constrained) on piers like a bridge; the average density of the tunnel is less than that of water, and the buoyancy causes the piers to be pulled to facilitate structural stability, including:

[0039] A pile foundation 7, wherein a plurality of pile foundations 7 are anchored into the seabed, and a tenon 71 is fixed to the top of the pile foundation 7, and the tenon 71 is exposed from the seabed;

[0040] A connecting pier 6, a mortise hole 61 is formed on the lower end surface of the connecting pier 6, and a tenon 71 is assembled in the mortise hole 61;

[0041] A shock-absorbing support 5, the bottom surface of which is fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting pier 6;

[0042] A lower cross beam 4, the two ends of the bottom surface of the lower cross beam 4 are respectively fixed to the top surfaces of two adjacent shock-absorbing supports 5;

[0043] An upper crossbeam 2, which is suspended in the water and together with a lower crossbeam 4 forms the upper and lower chords of the pier plane truss;

[0044] Double ball head connecting rod 3, multiple double ball head connecting rods 3 are supported between the lower cross beam 4 and the upper cross beam 2;

[0045] The tunnel pipe segment 1 is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper cross beam 2 through a prestressed steel strand 10 .

[0046] The tunnel piers are composed of an upper crossbeam, a lower crossbeam, a double ball-end connecting rod, a shock-absorbing bearing, a pile foundation and other parts; the upper crossbeam is connected to the tunnel; the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam are connected by multiple double ball-end connecting rods to form a plane truss to ensure that the piers have sufficient horizontal and vertical stiffness; shock-absorbing bearings are set between the lower crossbeam and the foundation to ensure the seismic performance of the structure; the piers adapt to the expansion and contraction deformation of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel through the rotation of the two ends of the ball-end connecting rod.

[0047] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and facilitate the mortise and tenon connection between the pier and the pile foundation, an assembly gap is provided between the outer peripheral side of the tenon 71 and the inner wall of the tenon hole 61 .

[0048] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and ensure the anchoring performance between the pile foundation and the connecting pier, high-strength quick-setting concrete is injected into the assembly gap. The connection is completed after the concrete reaches the designed strength.

[0049] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and remedy the defects of the initially poured concrete caused by water disturbance during the curing period, the assembly gap is subjected to secondary grouting after the high-strength quick-setting concrete is finally set. A grouting pipe is led out at the appropriate position of the tenon connection, and after the initially poured concrete is cured to a certain strength, the tenon connection area is grouted through the grouting pipe.

[0050] In this embodiment, the double ball connecting rod 3 includes a rod body 31, a ball body 32, an anchor sleeve 34 and an anti-corrosion cover 35;

[0051] Two spheres 32 are fixed to the two ends of the rod body 31 in a one-to-one correspondence to form a double ball head connecting rod, and a prestressed tendon 33 is provided along the axial direction of the double ball head connecting rod;

[0052] The anchor sleeve 34 is sleeved on the outer surface of the sphere 32; a spherical slide plate 36 is embedded between the inner wall surface of the anchor sleeve 34 and the outer surface of the sphere 32;

[0053] The anti-corrosion cover 35 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod body 31 and the end of the anchor sleeve 34 facing the rod body 31 , and the inner cavity of the anti-corrosion cover 35 is filled with anti-corrosion grease.

[0054] The double ball head connecting rod has certain anti-corrosion properties and can adapt to complex underwater environments. At the same time, the double ball head connecting rod has a universal rotation feature. It is supported between the upper and lower beams, so that the tunnel can withstand loads such as gravity, buoyancy, and lateral water pressure, and ensure that the underwater suspended tunnel has sufficient lateral and vertical stiffness.

[0055] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the two ends of the double ball head connecting rod 3 are respectively fixed in the beam bodies of the lower beam 4 and the upper beam 2.

[0056] In this embodiment, two opposite end surfaces of a plurality of tunnel pipe segments 1 are connected by prestressing to form a suspended tunnel.

[0057] In some other specific embodiments, the pile foundation 7 is a bored cast-in-place pile or a sunken pile, which is constructed by on-site drilling and casting or driven construction.

[0058] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the connecting pier 6, the lower cross beam 4, the upper cross beam 2, the double ball head connecting rod 3 and the tunnel pipe segment 1 are all prefabricated in the factory.

[0059] The structural components of the underwater floating tunnel provided in this embodiment are mass-produced in a factory, and then various structures are assembled into offshore installation units in a dock or on a seaside ramp. After that, the offshore installation units are towed to a designated location by a tugboat, sunk underwater, and fixed. Figure 3 As shown, the upper crossbeam of the pier and the tunnel segment are connected by prestressed steel bundles. To facilitate assembly and marine transportation, the pier and the tunnel segment are not fully connected during assembly. The pier is only tied to the bottom of the tunnel and the prestressed steel bundles of the upper crossbeam and the tunnel are threaded and temporarily anchored. After the segment is transported to place, the ropes binding the pier are loosened, the pier is suspended under the tunnel, and then the prestress is tensioned and the connecting pier is set on the tenon to complete the connection between the pier and the tunnel.

[0060] In some other specific embodiments, the water depth required for the transportation of tunnel pipe segments and piers is relatively large. During construction, the piers and tunnel pipe segments may be assembled separately and transported independently, and then connected to the piers and tunnel pipe segments after arriving at the installation location.

[0061] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, temporary anchors 8 and temporary anchor cables 9 are also included. The temporary anchors 8 are fixed on the seabed, and both ends of multiple temporary anchor cables 9 are temporarily fixed to the temporary anchors 8 and the tunnel pipe sections 1 respectively.

[0062] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, after the connection between the pier and the tunnel pipe section is completed, the overall installation unit can be sunk into the water and positioned by anchors and anchor cables pre-arranged underwater.

[0063] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An assembled underwater floating tunnel, characterized in that: include: A pile foundation (7), wherein a plurality of the pile foundations (7) are anchored into the seabed, a tenon (71) is fixed to the top of the pile foundation (7), and the tenon (71) is exposed from the seabed; A connecting pier (6), wherein a tenon hole (61) is formed on the lower end surface of the connecting pier (6), and the tenon (71) is assembled in the tenon hole (61); A shock-absorbing support (5), the bottom surface of which is fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting pier (6); A lower cross beam (4), wherein two ends of the bottom surface of the lower cross beam (4) are respectively fixed to the top surfaces of two adjacent shock-absorbing supports (5); An upper crossbeam (2), the upper crossbeam (2) being suspended in water and forming, together with the lower crossbeam (4), upper and lower chords of a plane truss; A double ball-end connecting rod (3), wherein a plurality of the double ball-end connecting rods (3) are supported between the lower cross beam (4) and the upper cross beam (2); A tunnel pipe segment (1), wherein the tunnel pipe segment (1) is fixed to the upper end surface of the upper cross beam (2) via a prestressed steel bundle (10).

2. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An assembly gap is provided between the outer peripheral side of the tenon (71) and the inner wall of the tenon hole (61).

3. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: High-strength quick-setting concrete is injected into the assembly gap.

4. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After the high-strength quick-setting concrete is finally set, secondary grouting is performed on the assembly gap.

5. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The double ball-end connecting rod (3) comprises a rod body (31), a ball body (32), an anchor sleeve (34) and an anti-corrosion cover (35); The two balls (32) are fixed to the two ends of the rod body (31) in a one-to-one correspondence to form a double ball head connecting rod, and a prestressed tendon (33) is provided along the axial direction of the double ball head connecting rod; The anchor sleeve (34) is sleeved on the outer surface of the sphere (32); a spherical slide plate (36) is embedded between the inner wall surface of the anchor sleeve (34) and the outer surface of the sphere (32); The anti-corrosion cover (35) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rod body (31) and the end of the anchor sleeve (34) facing the rod body (31), and the inner cavity of the anti-corrosion cover (35) is filled with anti-corrosion grease.

6. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the double ball-end connecting rod (3) are respectively fixed in the beam bodies of the lower cross beam (4) and the upper cross beam (2).

7. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposite end surfaces of a plurality of tunnel pipe segments (1) are connected by prestressing to form a suspended tunnel.

8. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile foundation (7) is a bored cast-in-place pile or a sunken pile.

9. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting pier (6), the lower cross beam (4), the upper cross beam (2), the double ball head connecting rod (3) and the tunnel pipe section (1) are all prefabricated in a factory.

10. The assembled underwater floating tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also comprises a temporary anchor (8) and a temporary anchor cable (9), wherein the temporary anchor (8) is fixed on the seabed, and the two ends of a plurality of temporary anchor cables (9) are temporarily fixed to the temporary anchor (8) and the tunnel pipe section (1) respectively.

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