Differential mechanism and engineering machinery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and discloses a differential mechanism and engineering machinery. The differential mechanism comprises a shell, a planet wheel shaft, a planet wheel and a half axle gear, the planet wheel shaft, the planet wheel and the half axle gear are arranged in the shell, the end of the planet wheel shaft is fixedly inserted into the shell, and an oil passing gap is formed between the planet wheel shaft and the shell. The planet wheel sleeves the planet wheel shaft; the supporting piece is used for supporting the planet wheel to rotate relative to the planet wheel shaft, rolling friction is formed between the planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft, and the supporting piece right faces the oil passing gap. The two half axle gears are located on the two sides of the planet wheel shaft, and the half axle gears are in running fit with the shell and meshed with the planet wheel. The planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft form rolling friction by arranging the supporting piece, compared with sliding friction in the prior art, the abrasion loss of the planet wheel and the planet wheel shaft is greatly reduced, and the service life of the differential mechanism is prolonged; in addition, lubricating oil can flow to the supporting piece through the oil passing gap so as to lubricate and cool the supporting piece, and the supporting performance of the supporting piece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a differential and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] The differential is a mechanism that enables the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. The differential is usually composed of a differential case, planetary gears, planetary gear thrust washers, axle gears, axle gear thrust washers, planetary axles, etc. The planetary gears, planetary axles, axle gears, etc. are assembled in the inner cavity of the differential case. The planetary gear thrust washers and axle gear thrust washers are respectively assembled between the planetary gears, axle gears and the case. The planetary gears and the planetary axles are matched with clearance. The planetary axles are machined with flattened parts at the matching place with the differential case to facilitate the lubricating oil to enter the matching surface of the planetary gears and the planetary axles. When the differential is differential, the planetary gears rotate along the planetary axles, and there is sliding friction between the two.

[0003] Loaders usually operate under low-speed and high-torque conditions and turn frequently. It is difficult to form a lubricating oil film between the planetary gears and the planetary axles. Dry friction occurs between the two during differential operation, resulting in severe wear of the planetary gears and the planetary axles, or even breakage of the planetary axles due to wear, resulting in loss of differential and power transmission functions, or excessive heat generated by friction between the planetary axles and the planetary gears, causing the planetary axles and the planetary gears to sinter into one, resulting in loss of differential function. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a differential and an engineering machine, which reduce the wear of the planetary wheels and the planetary wheel shafts and extend the service life of the differential.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] Differential, including:

[0007] case;

[0008] A planetary gear shaft is disposed in the housing, and an end of the planetary gear shaft is fixedly inserted on the housing, and an oil gap is formed between the planetary gear shaft and the housing;

[0009] A planetary wheel is disposed in the housing, and the planetary wheel sleeve is disposed on the planetary wheel shaft;

[0010] A support member is disposed between the planetary wheel and the planetary wheel shaft, the support member is used to support the planetary wheel to rotate relative to the planetary wheel shaft and to form rolling friction between the planetary wheel and the planetary wheel shaft, and the support member is directly opposite to the oil gap;

[0011] Two half-shaft gears are arranged in the housing and located on both sides of the planetary gear shaft. The half-shaft gears are rotationally matched with the housing and meshed with the planetary gears.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the differential, the support member is a needle bearing.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the differential, the inner hole of the planetary gear is stepped, including a first hole portion and a second hole portion, the diameter of the first hole portion is larger than the diameter of the second hole portion, the support member is located in the first hole portion, and one end of the support member is limited by a step surface formed between the first hole portion and the second hole portion; a retaining ring is provided in the first hole portion, and the retaining ring is used to limit the other end of the support member.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the differential, the end of the planetary gear shaft is processed with a flat portion, and the oil gap is formed between the flat portion and the housing.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the differential, it also includes a first thrust washer, which is located between the planetary gear and the housing and is sleeved on the planetary gear shaft.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the differential, it also includes a second thrust washer and a third thrust washer, and the second thrust washer and the third thrust washer are arranged between the half-shaft gear and the housing.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for the differential, the half-shaft gear includes a gear portion and a shaft portion, the gear portion is meshed with the planetary gear, the shaft portion is rotationally matched with the housing, and the second thrust washer and the third thrust washer are arranged between the gear portion and the housing and are sleeved on the shaft portion.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for the differential, the planetary gear axle is cross-shaped, including four shaft bodies, and the number of the planetary gears is four. The four planetary gears are sleeved on the four shaft bodies in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the differential, the housing includes a first housing and a second housing that are detachably connected, and the planetary gear shaft is clamped between the first housing and the second housing.

[0020] An engineering machine comprises a drive axle and a differential as described in any of the above schemes, wherein the drive axle comprises two half-axles and wheels respectively arranged on the two half-axles, and the two half-axles are respectively fixedly connected to the two half-axle gears.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] The utility model provides a differential, including a housing and a planetary shaft, a planetary wheel and a half-axle gear arranged in the housing, the end of the planetary shaft is fixedly inserted on the housing, and an oil gap is formed between the planetary shaft and the housing; the planetary wheel sleeve is arranged on the planetary shaft; a support is arranged between the planetary wheel and the planetary shaft, the support is used to support the planetary wheel to rotate relative to the planetary shaft, and to form rolling friction between the planetary wheel and the planetary shaft, and the support is directly opposite to the oil gap; two half-axle gears are located on both sides of the planetary shaft, the half-axle gears rotate with the housing and mesh with the planetary wheel. By setting the support to form rolling friction between the planetary wheel and the planetary shaft, compared with the sliding friction in the prior art, the wear of the planetary wheel and the planetary shaft is greatly reduced, and the service life of the differential is extended; in addition, the lubricating oil can flow to the support through the oil gap to lubricate and cool the support, thereby ensuring the supporting performance of the support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a differential provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the differential provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the planetary gear involved in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the planetary gear shaft involved in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 10. Housing; 11. First housing; 12. Second housing; 20. Planetary gear shaft; 21. Shaft body; 211. Flat position; 30. Planetary gear; 31. First hole portion; 32. Second hole portion; 33. Step surface; 40. Support member; 50. Retaining ring; 60. Half-shaft gear; 61. Gear portion; 62. Shaft portion; 71. First thrust washer; 72. Second thrust washer; 73. Third thrust washer; 81. Bolt; 82. Nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0032] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a differential, including a housing 10 and a planetary gear shaft 20, a planetary gear 30 and a half-shaft gear 60 arranged in the housing 10. The planetary gear shaft 20 is cross-shaped and includes four shaft bodies 21. The ends of the four shaft bodies 21 are fixedly inserted on the housing 10, and an oil gap is formed between each shaft body 21 and the housing 10; the number of planetary gears 30 is four, and the four planetary gears 30 are sleeved on the four shaft bodies 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each planetary gear 30 is connected to the shaft body 21. 1, a support member 40 is provided between each of the planetary gears 30, the support member 40 is used to support the planetary gear 30 to rotate relative to the shaft body 21, and to form rolling friction between the planetary gear 30 and the shaft body 21, and the support member 40 is directly opposite to the corresponding oil gap; there are two side shaft gears 60, and the two side shaft gears 60 are located on both sides of the planetary gear shaft 20 along the direction perpendicular to the axes of the four shaft bodies 21, and the two side shaft gears 60 are both rotatably matched with the housing 10, and each side shaft gear 60 is meshed with the four planetary gears 30 at the same time.

[0034] In this embodiment, the support member 40 is provided to form rolling friction between the planetary gear 30 and the shaft body 21, which greatly reduces the wear of the planetary gear 30 and the planetary gear shaft 20 compared with the sliding friction in the prior art, and prolongs the service life of the differential; in addition, the lubricating oil can flow to the support member 40 through the oil gap to lubricate and cool the support member 40, thereby ensuring the supporting performance of the support member 40. In this embodiment, the support member 40 is a needle bearing, but it is not limited to this, and any other support member that can form rolling friction between the planetary gear 30 and the shaft body 21 can be used.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 The planetary gear 30 is a bevel gear, and the inner hole of the planetary gear 30 is stepped, including a first hole portion 31 and a second hole portion 32. The diameter of the first hole portion 31 is larger than the diameter of the second hole portion 32. The support member 40 is located in the first hole portion 31, and one end of the support member 40 is limited by the step surface 33 formed between the first hole portion 31 and the second hole portion 32. In addition, a retaining ring 50 is fixedly arranged in the first hole portion 31, and the retaining ring 50 is sleeved on the shaft body 21. The retaining ring 50 is used to limit the other end of the support member 40. Through the above arrangement, the assembly between the support member 40, the shaft body 21 and the planetary gear 30 is simpler.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 The end of the shaft body 21 is processed with a flat portion 211, and an oil gap is formed between the flat portion 211 and the housing 10. By processing the flat portion 211 at the end of the shaft body 21, the fixed connection between the shaft body 21 and the housing 10 can be ensured, and a larger oil gap can be formed, so that more lubricating oil flows to the support 40, and the support 40 is better lubricated and cooled.

[0037] A first thrust washer 71 is provided between the planetary gear 30 and the housing 10. The first thrust washer 71 is sleeved on the shaft body 21. The first thrust washer 71 is used to axially support the planetary gear 30 to prevent the planetary gear 30 from axially moving. The contact surface between the washer 50 and the first thrust washer 71 is a spherical structure. Preferably, the spherical diameters of the washer 50 and the first thrust washer 71 are the same. A second thrust washer 72 and a third thrust washer 73 are provided between the side gear 60 and the housing 10. The second thrust washer 72 and the third thrust washer 73 are used to axially support the side gear 60 to prevent the side gear 60 from axially moving. The side gear 60 includes a gear portion 61 and a shaft portion 62. The gear portion 61 is meshed with the planetary gear 30. The shaft portion 62 is rotationally matched with the housing 10. The second thrust washer 72 and the third thrust washer 73 are arranged between the gear portion 61 and the housing 10 and sleeved on the shaft portion 62. The above-mentioned structural arrangement of the side gear 60 facilitates the cooperation between the side gear 60, the planetary gear 30 and the housing 10, and also facilitates the arrangement of the second thrust washer 72 and the third thrust washer 73.

[0038] The housing 10 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are detachably connected. In this embodiment, the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are connected by multiple sets of bolt assemblies. The multiple sets of bolt assemblies are spaced along the circumference of the housing 10. The bolt assemblies include bolts 81 and nuts 82. The first housing 11 is provided with multiple first connection holes, and the second housing 12 is provided with multiple second connection holes. The multiple first connection holes correspond to the multiple second connection holes one by one. The bolts 81 pass through the first connection holes and the corresponding second connection holes in sequence and are threadedly connected with the nuts 82. The planetary gear shaft 20 is sandwiched between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. The first housing 11 is provided with a first half hole corresponding to the four shaft bodies 21 of the planetary gear shaft 20. The second housing 12 is provided with four second half holes corresponding to the four shaft bodies 21 of the planetary gear shaft 20. The first half hole and the second half hole enclose a fixing hole, and the shaft body 21 is fixedly inserted in the fixing hole.

[0039] The embodiment of the utility model also provides an engineering machinery, including a drive axle and the differential as described above, the drive axle includes two half-axles and wheels respectively arranged on the two half-axles, the two half-axles are respectively fixedly connected to two half-axle gears 60, and the differential is used to enable the two wheels to rotate at different speeds.

[0040] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A differential, characterized in that: include: Housing (10); A planetary gear shaft (20) is disposed in the housing (10), and an end of the planetary gear shaft (20) is fixedly inserted into the housing (10), and an oil gap is formed between the planetary gear shaft (20) and the housing (10); A planetary gear (30) is disposed in the housing (10), and the planetary gear (30) is sleeved on the planetary gear shaft (20); A support member (40) is disposed between the planetary wheel (30) and the planetary wheel shaft (20), the support member (40) being used to support the planetary wheel (30) to rotate relative to the planetary wheel shaft (20) and to form rolling friction between the planetary wheel (30) and the planetary wheel shaft (20), the support member (40) being directly opposite to the oil gap; Two half-shaft gears (60) are arranged in the housing (10) and are located on both sides of the planetary gear shaft (20). The half-shaft gears (60) are rotationally matched with the housing (10) and mesh with the planetary gears (30).

2. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting member (40) is a needle bearing.

3. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the planetary gear (30) is stepped, comprising a first hole portion (31) and a second hole portion (32); the diameter of the first hole portion (31) is larger than the diameter of the second hole portion (32); the support member (40) is located in the first hole portion (31); one end of the support member (40) is limited by a step surface (33) formed between the first hole portion (31) and the second hole portion (32); a retaining ring (50) is provided in the first hole portion (31); the retaining ring (50) is used to limit the other end of the support member (40).

4. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flat portion (211) is machined at the end of the planetary gear shaft (20), and the oil-passing gap is formed between the flat portion (211) and the housing (10).

5. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first thrust washer (71), which is located between the planetary gear (30) and the housing (10) and is sleeved on the planetary gear shaft (20).

6. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second thrust washer (72) and a third thrust washer (73), wherein the second thrust washer (72) and the third thrust washer (73) are arranged between the side gear (60) and the housing (10).

7. The differential according to claim 6, characterized in that: The half-axle gear (60) comprises a gear portion (61) and a shaft portion (62), wherein the gear portion (61) is meshed with the planetary gear (30), and the shaft portion (62) is rotationally matched with the housing (10), and the second thrust washer (72) and the third thrust washer (73) are arranged between the gear portion (61) and the housing (10), and are sleeved on the shaft portion (62).

8. The differential according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The planetary wheel shaft (20) is in a cross shape and comprises four shaft bodies (21). The number of the planetary wheels (30) is four, and the four planetary wheels (30) are sleeved on the four shaft bodies (21) in a one-to-one correspondence.

9. The differential according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The housing (10) comprises a first housing (11) and a second housing (12) which are detachably connected, and the planetary gear shaft (20) is sandwiched between the first housing (11) and the second housing (12).

10. Construction machinery, characterized in that: It comprises a drive axle and a differential as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the drive axle comprises two half-axles and wheels respectively arranged on the two half-axles, and the two half-axles are respectively fixedly connected to the two half-axle gears.

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