Railway signal acquisition equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway signal acquisition equipment. The railway signal acquisition equipment comprises an acquisition unit, an amplification conditioning circuit and a controller. The amplification conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of gears respectively corresponding to different amplification factors. The acquisition unit is used for obtaining a target voltage signal according to a to-be-detected railway signal. The controller is used for sequentially outputting a plurality of control signals. And the amplification conditioning circuit is used for being in a corresponding gear under the control of each control signal, amplifying the target voltage signal to a corresponding amplification factor, obtaining a corresponding amplified voltage signal and sending the amplified voltage signal to the controller. The controller is used for receiving the amplified voltage signals, sequentially judging whether the received amplified voltage signals exceed a preset threshold value or not and obtaining the value of the railway signal to be detected according to the amplified voltage signals when it is judged that the first amplified voltage signal which does not exceed the preset threshold value is received. The railway signal acquisition equipment can acquire railway signals in a large range, the number of acquisition board cards is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular, to a railway signal acquisition device. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of railway signals, including voltage signals and current signals, and the measurement range of each signal is different. For example, the voltage monitoring range of the AC continuous track circuit transmitter is 0-300V, and the current monitoring range is 0-5A, but the filament working AC voltage monitoring range of the signal machine and the advance signal machine is 0-40V, and the current monitoring range is 0-300mA. The existing method of collecting railway signals is to use a one-to-one corresponding acquisition board to collect, so the existing method of collecting railway signals leads to a large number of acquisition boards, high production costs and high management costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a railway signal acquisition device to solve the above problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present disclosure provides a railway signal acquisition device, comprising: an acquisition unit, an amplification and conditioning circuit and a controller connected in sequence, wherein the amplification and conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears respectively correspond to different amplification factors;

[0005] The acquisition unit is used to receive a railway signal to be tested, and obtain a target voltage signal according to the railway signal to be tested, wherein the railway signal to be tested is a voltage signal or a current signal;

[0006] The controller is used to sequentially output a plurality of control signals to the amplification and conditioning circuit, wherein the plurality of control signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of gears, and the plurality of control signals sequentially output correspond sequentially to the gear with the largest amplification factor to the gear with the smallest amplification factor among the plurality of gears, and the control time of each of the plurality of control signals is greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be measured;

[0007] The amplification and conditioning circuit is used to be in a corresponding gear under the control of each control signal and amplify the target voltage signal to a corresponding amplification factor, obtain a corresponding amplified voltage signal and send it to the controller;

[0008] The controller is also used to receive the amplified voltage signal sent by the amplification and conditioning circuit and perform processing, wherein the processing includes sequentially determining whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds a preset threshold value, and when it is determined that the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value is received, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be measured based on the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value.

[0009] Optionally, there are multiple acquisition units, there are multiple amplification and conditioning circuits, the controller includes a control signal output terminal and multiple analog-to-digital conversion modules, the number of the acquisition units is the same as the number of the amplification and conditioning circuits, the number of the analog-to-digital conversion modules is greater than or equal to the number of the acquisition units, the multiple acquisition units correspond to the multiple amplification and conditioning circuits one by one, one acquisition unit is connected to one amplification and conditioning circuit and then connected to one analog-to-digital conversion module, and the control signal output terminal is respectively connected to each of the amplification and conditioning circuits;

[0010] The controller is used to simultaneously and sequentially output the multiple control signals to each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits, and simultaneously receive the amplified voltage signal sent by each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits and perform processing.

[0011] Optionally, the acquisition unit includes an isolation circuit, a voltage transformer and a first sampling resistor, the isolation circuit is used to receive the railway signal to be measured, the primary side of the voltage transformer is connected to the isolation circuit, and the secondary side is connected to both ends of the first sampling resistor, and the first input end and the second input end of the amplification and conditioning circuit are respectively connected to both ends of the first sampling resistor.

[0012] Optionally, the isolation circuit includes a first fuse, a resettable fuse, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a second fuse connected in series in sequence;

[0013] One end of the first fuse that is not connected to the resettable fuse is used to connect to the first input end of the railway signal to be tested, one end of the second fuse that is not connected to the third resistor is used to connect to the second input end of the railway signal to be tested, and the primary side of the voltage transformer is connected to both ends of the second resistor.

[0014] Optionally, the sum of the resistance values ​​of the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor is 125kΩ, the transformation ratio of the voltage transformer is 1:1, the resistance value of the first sampling resistor is 1.65kΩ, the amplification and conditioning circuit includes four gears, and the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 3282.8 times, 218.8 times, 14.6 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

[0015] Optionally, the acquisition unit includes a current transformer and a second sampling resistor, the second sampling resistor is connected between the first output terminal of the current transformer and ground, the second output terminal of the current transformer is grounded, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the amplification and conditioning circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the second sampling resistor.

[0016] Optionally, the transformation ratio of the current transformer is 2000:1, the second sampling resistor is 330Ω, the amplification and conditioning circuit includes four gears, the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 1666.6 times, 136.7 times, 11.3 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

[0017] Optionally, the amplification and conditioning circuit includes an instrumentation amplifier and an analog switch module, the instrumentation amplifier includes: a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, a third operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, and the analog switch module includes a plurality of switches and a gear resistor connected in series with each switch;

[0018] The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected in series with the analog switch module and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier are both connected to the acquisition unit. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected in series with the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor. The sixth resistor is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier. The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected in series with the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor and then connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor. The ninth resistor is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier and a reference power supply. The connection point between the output terminal of the third operational amplifier and the sixth resistor is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0019] The technical solution provided by the present disclosure is that the railway signal acquisition equipment can collect railway signals in a large range, reduce the number of acquisition boards, and reduce production costs and management costs.

[0020] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of a railway signal acquisition device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 2The present invention is a schematic diagram of an amplified voltage signal obtained by a controller when a railway signal acquisition device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is used to acquire a railway signal to be tested at a millivolt level.

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an amplified voltage signal obtained by a controller when a railway signal acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used to acquire a railway signal to be tested at a volt level.

[0025] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an amplified voltage signal obtained by a controller when a railway signal acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is used to acquire a railway signal to be tested at a hundred-volt level.

[0026] Figure 5 It is another schematic block diagram of a railway signal acquisition device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic block diagram of a collection unit provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 7 It is another schematic block diagram of a collection unit provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic block diagram of an amplification and conditioning circuit provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of a railway signal acquisition method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Fig.10 It is another flow chart of a railway signal acquisition method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0033] It should be noted that all actions of acquiring signals, information or data in the present disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the device is located and with the authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0034] The present invention provides a railway signal acquisition device. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a railway signal acquisition device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1As shown, the railway signal acquisition device includes: an acquisition unit 10, an amplification and conditioning circuit 20 and a controller 30 connected in sequence, wherein the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 includes a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears correspond to different amplification factors respectively.

[0035] The acquisition unit 10 is used to receive a railway signal to be tested and obtain a target voltage signal according to the railway signal to be tested. The railway signal to be tested is a voltage signal or a current signal.

[0036] Among them, when the railway signal to be measured is a voltage signal, the acquisition unit 10 can output a target voltage signal after receiving the voltage signal, and the target voltage signal can be equal to the voltage signal, or can be greater than or less than the voltage signal. Similarly, when the railway signal to be measured is a current signal, the acquisition unit 10 can output a target voltage signal corresponding to the current signal after receiving the current signal. For example, the target voltage signal can be a voltage signal of a resistor on the acquisition circuit (such as the second sampling resistor Rq2 below).

[0037] The controller 30 is used to output multiple control signals to the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 in sequence, wherein the multiple control signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple gears, and the multiple control signals output in sequence correspond to the gear with the largest amplification factor to the gear with the smallest amplification factor among the multiple gears in sequence, and the control time of each control signal in the multiple control signals is greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be tested.

[0038] For example, the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 includes three gears, which are a low gear corresponding to the maximum amplification factor, a mid-range gear corresponding to the intermediate amplification factor, and a high gear corresponding to the minimum amplification factor. The controller 30 is used to sequentially output a control signal corresponding to the low gear to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the control signal corresponding to the low gear controls the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to maintain the maximum amplification factor for a time greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be tested; output a control signal corresponding to the mid-range gear to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the control signal corresponding to the mid-range gear controls the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to maintain the intermediate amplification factor for a time greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be tested; output a control signal corresponding to the high gear to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the control signal corresponding to the high gear controls the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to maintain the minimum amplification factor for a time greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be tested.

[0039] The amplification and conditioning circuit 20 is used to be in a corresponding gear under the control of each control signal and amplify the target voltage signal to a corresponding amplification factor to obtain a corresponding amplified voltage signal and send it to the controller 30 .

[0040] Continuing with the above example, the above processing process of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is as follows: the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is first in a low gear under the control of the control signal corresponding to the low gear, and amplifies the target voltage signal to the maximum amplification factor of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and lasts for a first time; then in a mid-gear under the control of the control signal corresponding to the mid-gear, and amplifies the target voltage signal to the middle amplification factor of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and lasts for a second time; finally, in a high gear under the control of the control signal corresponding to the high gear, and amplifies the target voltage signal to the minimum amplification factor of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and lasts for a third time. Among them, the first time, the second time, and the third time are respectively corresponding to the control time of each control signal, and the first time, the second time, and the third time are all greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be measured. The first time, the second time, and the third time can be equal or different. Preferably, the first time, the second time, and the third time are equal.

[0041] The controller 30 is also used to receive the amplified voltage signal sent by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 and perform processing, wherein the processing includes sequentially determining whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds a preset threshold value, and when it is determined that the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value is received, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be measured based on the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value.

[0042] Continuing with the above example, the above processing process of the controller 30 is as follows: first, the control receives the first amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying the target voltage signal by the maximum amplification factor within the first time, and determines whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds the preset threshold; then, the control receives the second amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying the target voltage signal by the intermediate amplification factor within the second time, and determines whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds the preset threshold; finally, the control receives the third amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying the target voltage signal by the minimum amplification factor within the third time, and determines whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds the preset threshold. In the above process, if the controller 30 determines that the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold is received, the value of the railway signal to be tested is obtained according to the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold. For example, if the controller 30 determines that the first amplified voltage signal obtained within the first time does not exceed the preset threshold, the value of the railway signal to be tested is obtained according to the first amplified voltage signal obtained within the first time. For another example, if the controller 30 determines that the first amplified voltage signal obtained within the first time exceeds the preset threshold value, and the second amplified voltage signal obtained within the second time does not exceed the preset threshold value, the value of the railway signal to be measured is obtained according to the second amplified voltage signal obtained within the second time. For another example, if the controller 30 determines that the first amplified voltage signal obtained within the first time and the second amplified voltage signal obtained within the second time exceed the preset threshold value, and the third amplified voltage signal obtained within the third time does not exceed the preset threshold value, the value of the railway signal to be measured is obtained according to the third amplified voltage signal obtained within the third time.

[0043] In practice, the values ​​of the components in the railway signal acquisition device can be designed according to the range of the railway signal to be tested. For example, after design, the railway signal acquisition device can collect railway signals from millivolt to hundred volt. Assume that there are three railway signals to be tested, namely: the first railway signal to be tested is a weak signal at the millivolt level, the second railway signal to be tested is a medium signal at the volt level, and the third railway signal to be tested is a strong signal at the hundred volt level; when the railway signal acquisition device is used to collect the first railway signal to be tested, the controller 30 obtains the amplified voltage signal such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 30 will obtain the value of the first railway signal to be tested according to the first amplified voltage signal obtained in the first time during the effective data upload cycle; when the railway signal acquisition device is used to collect the second railway signal to be tested, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the controller 30 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the controller 30 obtains the value of the second railway signal to be tested according to the second amplified voltage signal obtained in the second time during the effective data upload cycle; when the railway signal acquisition device is used to collect the third railway signal to be tested, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the controller 30 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the controller 30 obtains the value of the third railway signal to be tested according to the third amplified voltage signal obtained within the third time during the effective data uploading period.

[0044] Therefore, the railway signal acquisition device can collect railway signals from millivolt to hundred-volt levels, that is, the same railway signal acquisition device can be used to measure railway signals of various sizes, and the railway signal acquisition device can be designed in the form of an acquisition board. Therefore, the technical solution provided by the present invention uses one acquisition board to collect railway signals within a large range (wide width), reducing the number of acquisition boards and reducing production costs and management costs.

[0045] It should be noted that obtaining the value of the railway signal to be tested based on the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold may include: obtaining the value of the target voltage signal based on the value of the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold and its corresponding amplification factor; and obtaining the value of the railway signal to be tested based on the equivalent circuit of the acquisition unit 10 and the value of the target voltage signal.

[0046] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, there are multiple acquisition units 10, there are multiple amplification and conditioning circuits 20, the controller 30 includes a control signal output terminal and multiple analog-to-digital conversion modules, the number of the acquisition units 10 is the same as the number of the amplification and conditioning circuits 20, the number of the analog-to-digital conversion modules is greater than or equal to the number of the acquisition units 10, the multiple acquisition units 10 correspond one-to-one to the multiple amplification and conditioning circuits 20, one acquisition unit 10 is connected to one amplification and conditioning circuit 20 and then to one analog-to-digital conversion module, and the control signal output terminal is respectively connected to each of the amplification and conditioning circuits 20.

[0047] The controller 30 is used to simultaneously and sequentially output the plurality of control signals to each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits 20 , and simultaneously receive the amplified voltage signal sent by each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits 20 and perform processing.

[0048] Through the above settings, the railway signal acquisition device can realize parallel measurement of multiple railway signals to be tested. For example, there are three acquisition units 10, three amplification and conditioning circuits 20, and the controller 30 includes three analog-to-digital conversion modules. For the three railway signals to be tested in the above example, the first acquisition unit 10 of the three acquisition units 10 can receive the first railway signal to be tested (i.e., accessed through channel 1), the second acquisition unit 10 can receive the second railway signal to be tested (i.e., accessed through channel 2), and the third acquisition unit 10 can receive the third railway signal to be tested (i.e., accessed through channel 3). Then the controller 30 can simultaneously obtain the following: Figures 2 to 4The amplified voltage signal shown in the figure is used to obtain the value of the first railway signal to be tested according to the first amplified voltage signal obtained in the first time, the value of the second railway signal to be tested is obtained according to the second amplified voltage signal obtained in the second time, and the value of the third railway signal to be tested is obtained according to the third amplified voltage signal obtained in the third time, so that the railway signal acquisition device can realize parallel measurement of three railway signals to be tested.

[0049] Optionally, the model of the controller 30 may be GD32F307. GD32F307 may be configured as 16 analog-to-digital conversion modules at most.

[0050] Alternatively, if Figure 6 As shown, the acquisition unit 10 includes an isolation circuit, a voltage transformer PT and a first sampling resistor Rq1. The isolation circuit is used to receive the railway signal to be measured, the primary side of the voltage transformer PT is connected to the isolation circuit, and the secondary side is connected to the two ends of the first sampling resistor Rq1, and the first input end and the second input end of the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sampling resistor Rq1.

[0051] Through the above settings, the specific structure of the acquisition unit 10 is designed, and a simple-structured acquisition unit 10 is provided, so that the acquisition unit 10 is suitable for acquiring the railway signal to be tested in the form of a voltage signal. The acquisition unit 10 includes an isolation circuit, which effectively isolates the acquisition unit 10 (railway signal acquisition device) from the railway signal device that generates the railway signal to be tested, ensuring that the failure of the acquisition unit 10 (railway signal acquisition device) will not affect the normal operation of the railway signal device.

[0052] Please continue reading Figure 6 Optionally, the isolation circuit includes a first fuse F1, a resettable fuse PTC, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a second fuse F2 which are connected in series in sequence.

[0053] One end of the first fuse F1 not connected to the resettable fuse PTC is used to connect to the first input end of the railway signal to be tested, and one end of the second fuse F2 not connected to the third resistor R3 is used to connect to the second input end of the railway signal to be tested, and the primary side of the voltage transformer PT is connected to both ends of the second resistor R2.

[0054] Through the above settings, the isolation circuit is specifically designed so that it includes the first fuse F1, the second fuse F2 and the self-resetting fuse PTC, which fully ensures the physical isolation and short-circuit protection between the collection unit 10 and the railway signal equipment, and further ensures that the failure of the collection unit 10 (railway signal collection equipment) will not affect the normal operation of the railway signal equipment.

[0055] Optionally, the sum of the resistances of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is 125kΩ, the transformation ratio of the voltage transformer PT is 1:1, the resistance of the first sampling resistor Rq1 is 1.65kΩ, the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 includes four gears, and the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 3282.8 times, 218.8 times, 14.6 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

[0056] Through the above settings, as shown in Table 1, the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 is divided into four gears, so that the railway signal acquisition device can measure the railway signal to be tested of 5mV to 75mV when it is in the low gear (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is 5mV to 75mV, the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 to 3282.8 times does not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying the amplification to 3282.8 times); so that the railway signal acquisition device When in the middle gear, it can measure the railway signal to be tested of 75mV~11255mV (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is between 75mV and 1125mV, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 3282.8 times by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 218.8 times by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 218.8 times); so that the railway signal acquisition device can When in high gear, it can measure the railway signal to be tested of 1125mV~16.8V (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is between 1125mV and 16.8V, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 3282.8 times and 218.8 times in sequence will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 14.6 times will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying to 14.6 times); so that the railway signal The signal acquisition device can measure the railway signal to be tested of 16.8V~246.2V when it is in the high gear (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is between 16.8V and 246.2V, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 3282.8 times, 218.8 times, and 14.6 times in sequence will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 1 times will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying to 1 times).

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059] In summary, through the above settings, each acquisition unit 10 of the railway signal acquisition device can accurately measure the railway signal to be tested with a value of 5mV to 246.2V.

[0060] For example, for a railway signal to be tested, whose voltage value is 100mV, the voltage on the first sampling resistor Rq1 (target voltage signal) is equal to 100mV÷125kΩ×1.65kΩ=1.32mV. After being amplified 3282.8 times, the amplified voltage signal obtained is 4333.296mV, which exceeds 3250mV; after being amplified 218.8 times, the amplified voltage signal obtained is 288.816mV, which does not exceed 3250mV. According to 288.816mV÷218.8÷1.65kΩ×125kΩ=100mV, the value of the railway signal to be tested is obtained.

[0061] Alternatively, if Figure 7 As shown, the acquisition unit 10 includes a current transformer CT and a second sampling resistor Rq2, the second sampling resistor Rq2 is connected between the first output terminal of the current transformer CT and the ground, the second output terminal of the current transformer CT is grounded, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second sampling resistor Rq2.

[0062] Through the above settings, the specific structure of the acquisition unit 10 is designed, and a simple-structured acquisition unit 10 is provided, so that the acquisition unit 10 is suitable for acquiring the railway signal to be tested in the form of a current signal. The acquisition unit 10 includes a current transformer CT, and the current transformer CT can adopt a non-contact through-type AC transformer, which can effectively isolate the acquisition unit 10 (railway signal acquisition equipment) from the railway signal equipment that generates the railway signal to be tested, ensuring that the failure of the acquisition unit 10 (railway signal acquisition equipment) will not affect the normal operation of the railway signal equipment.

[0063] Optionally, the transformation ratio of the current transformer CT is 2000:1, the second sampling resistor Rq2 is 330Ω, the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 includes four gears, the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 1641.4 times, 136.7 times, 11.3 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

[0064] Through the above settings, as shown in Table 2, the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 is divided into four gears, so that the railway signal acquisition device can measure the railway signal to be tested of 1mA to 12mA when it is in the low gear (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is 1mA to 12mA, the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 to 1641.4 times does not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying to 1641.4 times); so that the railway signal acquisition device The equipment can measure the railway signal to be tested of 12mA to 144mA when it is in the middle gear (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is 12mA to 144mA, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 1641.4 times by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 136.7 times by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying it to 136.7 times); so that the railway signal acquisition equipment can be in the middle gear. When in the high gear, it can measure the railway signal to be tested of 144mA~1728mA (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is 144mA~1728mA, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 1641.4 times and 136.7 times in sequence will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 11.3 times will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying to 11.3 times); so that the railway signal When the acquisition device is in a high gear, it can measure the railway signal to be tested of 1728mA~19.6A (that is, when the railway signal to be tested is between 1728mA and 19.6A, after the acquisition unit 10 converts the railway signal to be tested into a target voltage signal, the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 1641.4 times, 136.7 times, and 11.3 times in sequence will exceed 3250mV, and the amplified voltage signal obtained by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to 1 times will not exceed 3250mV, then the controller 30 can obtain the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the amplified voltage signal obtained by amplifying to 1 times).

[0065] Table 2

[0066]

[0067] In summary, through the above settings, each acquisition unit 10 of the railway signal acquisition device can accurately measure the railway signal to be tested of 1mA~19.6A.

[0068] For example, for a railway signal to be tested, the current value is 100mA, and the voltage (target voltage signal) on the second sampling resistor Rq2 is equal to 100mA÷2000×330Ω=16.5mV. After amplifying it by 1641.4 times, the amplified voltage signal obtained is 27083.1mV, which exceeds 3250mV; after amplifying it by 136.7 times, the amplified voltage signal obtained is 2255.55mV, which does not exceed 3250mV. According to 2255.55mV÷136.7÷330Ω×2000=100mA, the value of the railway signal to be tested is obtained.

[0069] Optionally, see Figure 5 and Figure 8 , the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 includes an instrumentation amplifier and an analog switch module, the instrumentation amplifier includes: a first operational amplifier U1, a second operational amplifier U2, a third operational amplifier U3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8 and a ninth resistor R9, the analog switch module includes a plurality of switches and a gear resistor connected in series with each switch;

[0070] The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected in series with the analog switch module and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2. The non-inverting input terminals of the first operational amplifier U1 and the second operational amplifier U2 are both connected to the acquisition unit 10. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected in series with the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier U3. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected between the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5. The sixth resistor R6 is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U3. The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected in series with the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 and then connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier U3. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8. The ninth resistor R9 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier U3 and the reference power supply. The connection point between the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U3 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

[0071] The reference power supply is used to provide a reference voltage. Optionally, the reference voltage is 1.65V.

[0072] Each of the gear resistors may be composed of one or more resistors. In the present disclosure, a gear resistor refers to an equivalent resistor corresponding to a gear.

[0073] Through the above settings, the amplification factor of the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 can be changed by changing the resistance value of the analog switch module. For example, the resistance values ​​of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 are all equal (for example, 20 kΩ), the resistance values ​​of the fourth resistor R4 and the seventh resistor R7 are both 5 kΩ, and the resistance value of the analog switch module is Rg, then the amplification factor of the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 is

[0074]

[0075] The resistance value of the analog switch module is Rg which can be determined by the control signal sent by the controller 30. For example, the amplification conditioning circuit 20 includes four gears, and the corresponding amplification factors are 3282.8 times, 218.8 times, 14.6 times, and 1 times, respectively. Then, the analog switch module can include four switches and gear resistors connected in series with the four switches, and the resistance value of each gear resistor can be respectively ∞Ω. The control signal output terminal can output the control signal S0:S1. When S0:S1=0:0, the resistance is The gear resistance is turned on, and the resistance of the analog switch module is The corresponding amplification factor of the amplifier conditioning circuit 20 is 3282.8 times; when S0:S1=0:1, the resistance is The gear resistance is turned on, and the resistance of the analog switch module is The corresponding amplification factor of the amplifier conditioning circuit 20 is 218.8 times; when S0:S1=1:0, the resistance is The gear resistance is turned on, and the resistance of the analog switch module is The corresponding amplification factor of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is 14.6 times; when S0:S1=1:1, the gear resistor with a resistance value of ∞Ω is connected, the resistance value of the analog switch module is ∞Ω, and the corresponding amplification factor of the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is 1 time.

[0076] It should be noted that in the present application, ∞Ω means that it is very large relative to 10kΩ, so that the amplification factor is approximately equal to 1. For example, in actual application, ∞Ω can be 10MΩ, 100MΩ, etc., and there is no limitation here.

[0077] Based on the above technical concept, the present disclosure also provides a railway signal acquisition method, which is applied to the above railway signal acquisition equipment. Fig. 9 This is a flow chart of the railway signal acquisition method provided by the present disclosure. Fig. 9 As shown, the method includes:

[0078] Step S910: the acquisition unit 10 receives a railway signal to be tested, and obtains a target voltage signal according to the railway signal to be tested, wherein the railway signal to be tested is a voltage signal or a current signal.

[0079] In step S920 , the controller 30 sequentially outputs a plurality of control signals to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 .

[0080] Among them, the multiple control signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple gears, and the multiple control signals output in sequence correspond in sequence to the gear with the largest amplification factor to the gear with the smallest amplification factor among the multiple gears, and the control time of each control signal in the multiple control signals is greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be tested.

[0081] In step S930 , the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is in a corresponding gear under the control of each control signal and amplifies the target voltage signal to a corresponding multiple, obtains a corresponding amplified voltage signal and sends it to the controller 30 .

[0082] In step S940 , the controller 30 receives the amplified voltage signal sent by the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 and performs processing.

[0083] The processing includes successively determining whether the received amplified voltage signals exceed a preset threshold, and when determining that the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold is received, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold.

[0084] like Fig.10 As shown, if the amplification and conditioning circuit 20 includes four gears as shown in Table 1, the processing process for a railway signal to be tested includes:

[0085] S101, a collection unit 10 receives the railway signal to be tested, obtains a target voltage signal according to the railway signal to be tested, and outputs the target voltage signal to the amplification and conditioning circuit 20;

[0086] S102, the controller 30 outputs a control signal for controlling the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to be in a low gear to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is in a low gear to collect a target voltage signal of one cycle (amplify the target voltage signal of one cycle by 3282.8 times), and obtain an amplified voltage signal of one cycle (recorded as the first amplified voltage signal);

[0087] S103, determining whether the first amplified voltage signal does not exceed a preset threshold value, and if it does not exceed the preset threshold value, executing S104.

[0088] S104, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be measured according to the (first or second or third or fourth) amplified voltage signal, and outputting the value of the railway signal to be measured.

[0089] S105, the controller 30 outputs a control signal to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to control the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to be in the middle range, and the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 collects a target voltage signal of one cycle in the middle range (amplifies the target voltage signal of one cycle by 218.8 times), and obtains an amplified voltage signal of one cycle (recorded as the second amplified voltage signal);

[0090] S106, determining whether the second amplified voltage signal does not exceed a preset threshold value, and if it does not exceed the preset threshold value, executing S104.

[0091] S107, the controller 30 outputs a control signal for controlling the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to be in a high-speed state to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is in a high-speed state to collect a target voltage signal of one cycle (amplify the target voltage signal of one cycle by 14.6 times), and obtain an amplified voltage signal of one cycle (recorded as the third amplified voltage signal);

[0092] S108, determining whether the third amplified voltage signal does not exceed a preset threshold value, and if it does not exceed the preset threshold value, executing S104.

[0093] S109, the controller 30 outputs a control signal for controlling the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 to be in an ultra-high gear to the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, and the amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 is in an ultra-high gear to collect a target voltage signal of one cycle (amplify the target voltage signal of one cycle by 1 times), and obtain an amplified voltage signal of one cycle (recorded as the fourth amplified voltage signal);

[0094] S110, determining whether the fourth amplified voltage signal does not exceed a preset threshold value, and if it does not exceed the preset threshold value, executing S104.

[0095] S111, if it is determined that the first amplified voltage signal, the second amplified voltage signal, the third amplified voltage signal and the fourth amplified voltage signal all exceed the preset threshold value, the output acquisition is invalid and an alarm is issued.

[0096] Correspondingly, when there are multiple acquisition units 10 and multiple amplifying and conditioning circuits 20, the controller 30 includes a control signal output terminal and multiple analog-to-digital conversion modules, the number of the acquisition units 10 is the same as the number of the amplifying and conditioning circuits 20, the number of the analog-to-digital conversion modules is greater than or equal to the number of the acquisition units 10, multiple acquisition units 10 correspond one-to-one to multiple amplifying and conditioning circuits 20, one acquisition unit 10 is connected to one amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 and then to one analog-to-digital conversion module, and the control signal output terminal is respectively connected to each amplifying and conditioning circuit 20, step S920 includes: the controller 30 simultaneously and sequentially outputs the multiple control signals to each amplifying and conditioning circuit 20; step S940 includes: the controller 30 simultaneously receives the amplified voltage signal sent by each amplifying and conditioning circuit 20 and performs processing.

[0097] Optionally, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold includes: obtaining the value of the target voltage signal according to the value of the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold and its corresponding amplification factor; obtaining the value of the railway signal to be tested according to the equivalent circuit of the acquisition unit 10 and the value of the target voltage signal.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0099] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0100] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A railway signal acquisition device, characterized in that: include: A collection unit, an amplification and conditioning circuit and a controller connected in sequence, wherein the amplification and conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of gears, and the plurality of gears respectively correspond to different amplification factors; The acquisition unit is used to receive a railway signal to be tested, and obtain a target voltage signal according to the railway signal to be tested, wherein the railway signal to be tested is a voltage signal or a current signal; The controller is used to sequentially output a plurality of control signals to the amplification and conditioning circuit, wherein the plurality of control signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of gears, and the plurality of control signals sequentially output correspond sequentially to the gear with the largest amplification factor to the gear with the smallest amplification factor among the plurality of gears, and the control time of each of the plurality of control signals is greater than or equal to one cycle of the railway signal to be measured; The amplification and conditioning circuit is used to be in a corresponding gear under the control of each control signal and amplify the target voltage signal to a corresponding amplification factor, obtain a corresponding amplified voltage signal and send it to the controller; The controller is also used to receive the amplified voltage signal sent by the amplification and conditioning circuit and perform processing, wherein the processing includes sequentially determining whether the received amplified voltage signal exceeds a preset threshold value, and when it is determined that the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value is received, obtaining the value of the railway signal to be measured based on the first amplified voltage signal that does not exceed the preset threshold value.

2. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple acquisition units, there are multiple amplification and conditioning circuits, the controller includes a control signal output terminal and multiple analog-to-digital conversion modules, the number of the acquisition units is the same as the number of the amplification and conditioning circuits, the number of the analog-to-digital conversion modules is greater than or equal to the number of the acquisition units, the multiple acquisition units correspond to the multiple amplification and conditioning circuits one by one, one acquisition unit is connected to one amplification and conditioning circuit and then connected to one analog-to-digital conversion module, and the control signal output terminal is respectively connected to each of the amplification and conditioning circuits; The controller is used to simultaneously and sequentially output the multiple control signals to each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits, and simultaneously receive the amplified voltage signal sent by each of the amplifying and conditioning circuits and perform processing.

3. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes an isolation circuit, a voltage transformer and a first sampling resistor. The isolation circuit is used to receive the railway signal to be measured. The primary side of the voltage transformer is connected to the isolation circuit, and the secondary side is connected to both ends of the first sampling resistor. The first input end and the second input end of the amplification and conditioning circuit are respectively connected to both ends of the first sampling resistor.

4. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolation circuit comprises a first fuse, a resettable fuse, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a second fuse connected in series in sequence; One end of the first fuse that is not connected to the resettable fuse is used to connect to the first input end of the railway signal to be tested, one end of the second fuse that is not connected to the third resistor is used to connect to the second input end of the railway signal to be tested, and the primary side of the voltage transformer is connected to both ends of the second resistor.

5. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total resistance of the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor is 125kΩ, the transformation ratio of the voltage transformer is 1:1, the resistance of the first sampling resistor is 1.65kΩ, the amplification and conditioning circuit includes four gears, and the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 3282.8 times, 218.8 times, 14.6 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

6. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes a current transformer and a second sampling resistor, the second sampling resistor is connected between the first output terminal of the current transformer and the ground, the second output terminal of the current transformer is grounded, and the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the amplification and conditioning circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the second sampling resistor.

7. The railway signal acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transformation ratio of the current transformer is 2000:1, the second sampling resistor is 330Ω, the amplification and conditioning circuit includes four gears, the amplification factors corresponding to the four gears are 1666.6 times, 136.7 times, 11.3 times and 1 times respectively, and the preset threshold is 3250mV.

8. The railway signal acquisition device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The amplification and conditioning circuit includes an instrument amplifier and an analog switch module, the instrument amplifier includes: a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, a third operational amplifier, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a ninth resistor, and the analog switch module includes a plurality of switches and a gear resistor connected in series with each switch; The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected in series with the analog switch module and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier. The non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier are both connected to the acquisition unit. The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected in series with the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor and then connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor. The sixth resistor is connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier. The inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected in series with the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor and then connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected between the seventh resistor and the eighth resistor. The ninth resistor is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier and a reference power supply. The connection point between the output terminal of the third operational amplifier and the sixth resistor is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion module.

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