Energy management system for household photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation energy management technology, in particular to an energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station, which comprises a distribution box with a built-in household load; the three-phase inverter is connected to the distribution box, and the three-phase inverter is connected in series with a photovoltaic module and converts direct current generated by the photovoltaic module into alternating current; an energy gateway which is connected with the distribution box and monitors the real-time electric quantity input of the photovoltaic module; and the load controller is connected to the distribution box, and the load controller is connected with an electric load and adjusts the power of the electric load. According to the invention, the zero-feed network construction of the household photovoltaic power station is realized, and the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation energy management technology, and in particular to an energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station. Background Art

[0002] As people's environmental awareness increases, clean energy such as solar energy is gradually favored, and the use of household photovoltaic power stations is becoming more and more widespread. However, the power generation of photovoltaic modules is not constant due to the influence of light, temperature, etc. during the day. When the power generation is low, the household load cannot work normally only by photovoltaic power generation, and the grid power supply needs to be introduced. When the power generation is high, it exceeds the power consumption of the household load, which easily leads to the inability to consume all the power generated by photovoltaics. The remaining current flows back to the grid, causing losses to users and causing impact and damage to the grid.

[0003] Although some three-phase inverters have zero-feedback function, which monitors and adjusts current and voltage in real time to maximize the utilization of photovoltaic power generation, the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is still not high, resulting in waste.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, since the power generation of photovoltaic modules changes all the time due to the influence of seasons, light, and temperature, the power input to the household also changes all the time, and the power load in the household cannot increase or decrease the operating power in real time according to the power generation power, resulting in excessive power consumption of the power grid or overflow of power generation to the power grid. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to improve the above problems, the present application provides an energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station.

[0006] The energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station, comprising a distribution box, wherein the distribution box has a household load built therein, and further comprising:

[0008] A three-phase inverter is connected to the power distribution box, and the three-phase inverter is connected in series with the photovoltaic module to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module into alternating current;

[0009] An energy gateway, the energy gateway is connected to the distribution box and monitors the real-time power input of the photovoltaic components;

[0010] The load controller is connected to the distribution box, and the load controller is connected to the electrical load to adjust the power of the electrical load.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the photovoltaic module converts solar energy into direct current electricity under sunlight, which is converted into alternating current by a three-phase inverter and then flows into the distribution box. The energy gateway serves as the monitoring and control port of the distribution box in this application. When the input of the photovoltaic module is too high or too low, a signal is sent, and the load controller adjusts the power load in the home. When the energy gateway detects that the photovoltaic power generation decreases or disappears, the load controller reduces the power consumption of the connected user load or even shuts down the power-consuming equipment. When it is detected that the photovoltaic power generation increases, the energy gateway increases the power of the connected load through the load controller or turns on a new load to consume the photovoltaic power generation.

[0012] Optionally, the energy gateway and the load controller are both configured with Lora modules, and the energy gateway and the load controller are paired through the Lora modules for wireless communication.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a Lora module is set inside the energy gateway and the load controller for automatic wireless communication between the two, so as to realize real-time communication between the energy gateway and the load controller. The load controller can retrieve the data of the energy gateway. When the energy gateway detects a voltage change in the distribution box, it sends an instruction to the load controller, and the load controller adjusts the power load according to the instruction. The Lora module used in the above solution has the advantage of strong anti-interference ability and is an optimal wireless communication module in the field of circuit systems. In addition, the Lora module also has the characteristics of low power consumption, maintains low energy consumption in the normally open state, and saves electricity costs.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes;

[0015] A charging pile, wherein the charging pile is connected to the energy gateway via RS485 wired connection.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of charging piles can improve energy utilization. When the energy gateway detects that the photovoltaic power generation increases, in addition to increasing the load connected to the user, the charging pile is connected to put the charging pile in a charging state, and the excess power is saved to meet the photovoltaic power generation in most cases when the household appliances are in extra power.

[0017] Optionally, the energy gateway has a built-in wireless communication module.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the energy gateway is not only equipped with a Lora module for wireless communication with the load controller, but also with a wireless communication module that can be connected to the user's mobile terminal, such as a Bluetooth module, a WiFi module, etc. The user logs in to the app through the smart mobile device to control the load controller to adjust the user's load, or turn on the charging pile to save excess power.

[0019] Optionally, a voltage measurement component is integrated in the energy gateway, and the energy gateway retrieves measurement data of the voltage measurement component.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the energy gateway monitors the power generation of the photovoltaic components on the distribution box in the following way: a voltage measurement component is integrated internally to measure the voltage changes of the distribution box in real time, and the energy gateway retrieves the measurement value of the voltage measurement component; the power input end of the distribution box is connected to the photovoltaic components and the power grid at the same time, and the distribution box, photovoltaic components and the power grid form a set of power input modules, and the voltage measurement component can simultaneously monitor the overall input of the power input module. Under normal circumstances, the power grid serves as a backup power supply network and its input is relatively constant. When the input from the power grid is constant, the photovoltaic components are affected by the intensity of light and change first, the voltage measurement component makes a detection, and the load controller makes corresponding instructions.

[0021] Optionally, a current measurement component is integrated in the energy gateway, a measurement interface of the current measurement component is connected to a power grid, and the energy gateway retrieves measurement data of the current measurement component.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the current measurement component is used to measure the current of the power grid and monitor the changes in the power grid current. The energy gateway retrieves the measurement data of the current measurement component in real time, makes a comparison, and then captures the situation where the current in the household power network flows back to the power grid. Under normal circumstances, when the input of the voltage measurement component increases, the load controller directly increases it according to the monitoring information of the energy gateway, but it is still necessary to avoid the unexpected situation where the current flows back to the power grid.

[0023] Optionally, the load controller is connected to an electrical load, and a plurality of thyristors are arranged in the load controller, and the thyristors adjust the electrical power of the electrical load.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the load controller adjusts the power load through thyristor regulation. Multiple thyristors are arranged in the load controller. The thyristors are connected to the user load of the household to realize the individual power adjustment of multiple household appliances.

[0025] Optionally, a temperature detection element is integrated in the load controller, and the temperature detection element detects the operating temperature of the thyristor.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature detection element monitors the working temperature of the thyristor in real time. When the temperature detection element detects that the temperature of the thyristor is too high, the load controller reduces the load power of the thyristor or directly shuts down the thyristor. As the only component with adjustable electrical load, it is necessary to protect the service life of the thyristor.

[0027] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The energy gateway uses voltage and current measurement components to monitor the input of photovoltaic power and the real-time power of photovoltaic components in real time, and determines the size and direction of energy flow between the home power grid and the external power grid. It also makes corresponding adjustments when the photovoltaic power input is too large or too small, reduces or increases the power of the household power load or turns on the charging pile, stores the excess power, improves the utilization rate of electricity, and protects the household power network;

[0029] 2. The load controller uses multiple thyristors to adjust the voltage and thus control the load power of the user in the home. To protect the life of the thyristors and prevent the thyristors from being damaged by over-temperature, the load controller has a built-in thyristor temperature detection component to detect the working temperature of the thyristors in real time. When the working temperature of the thyristors is too high, the load power of the thyristors is reduced or the thyristors are turned off.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of energy management control of a household photovoltaic power station in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Photovoltaic module; 2. Three-phase inverter; 3. Distribution box; 4. Energy gateway; 5. Load controller; 6. Charging pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application embodiment discloses an energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station, referring to Figure 1 An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station is arranged between the photovoltaic module 1 and the user load in the household, and plays the function of managing power transmission. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic module 1 is the front-end power input component of the energy management system. Under sunlight, it converts solar energy into electrical energy, and then transmits the electrical energy to the user load. For the photovoltaic module 1, photovoltaic panels are generally selected in real life; in this embodiment, the user load is household appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, etc.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 When the sunlight intensity is low, photovoltaic power generation alone cannot drive the normal operation of user loads. Therefore, it is necessary to retain traditional grid access and rely on the grid for power supply when photovoltaic power generation is insufficient to maintain the normal operation of household appliances.

[0035] Reference Figure 1An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station includes a three-phase inverter 2, which is connected in series with a photovoltaic module 1 and is arranged at the front end of the energy management system in the current transmission direction. After the photovoltaic module 1 converts solar energy into direct current, the direct current is converted into three-phase alternating current for transmission through the inverter.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The energy management system in this embodiment also includes a distribution box 3, which has a built-in household load and distributes the grid current and photovoltaic power to multiple household loads; the distribution box 3 is connected to the three-phase inverter 2 at the front end, and the photovoltaic power generation is input into the distribution box 3 after three-phase inversion, and the distribution box 3 distributes the electric energy to the user load; in addition, in this embodiment, the distribution box 3 is also connected to the power grid. When the photovoltaic component 1 is insufficiently powered, the distribution box 3 draws electricity from the power grid; the distribution box 3 is provided with an electric energy metering chip, and the collection port of the electric energy metering chip is connected to the voltage measurement point of the distribution box 3. After the relevant personnel select the input signal type and configure the sampling rate, the electric energy metering chip measures in real time.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The energy management system also includes an energy gateway 4, which is arranged behind the distribution box 3 in the direction of current transmission and connected to the distribution box 3 as a port for power control. In order to realize the real-time detection of the power of the distribution box 3 by the energy gateway 4 and protect the home power grid, in this embodiment, the energy gateway 4 has three sets of voltage transformers built in, which are used as the voltage measurement components of this embodiment. The three sets of voltage transformers are respectively connected to the voltage measurement points of the distribution box 3. The three sets of voltage transformers correspond to the three-phase lines one by one, and then the power metering chip is connected to the secondary side of the voltage transformer to realize the monitoring of the voltage in the distribution box 3. The monitoring of the voltage in the distribution box 3 by the power metering chip is the monitoring of the input power of the photovoltaic module 1 and the power grid, which can capture the input amount of photovoltaic power generation in real time.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 The energy gateway 4 has three sets of external current transformers corresponding to the three-phase lines connected to the power grid. As the current measurement components of this embodiment, the current transformers are connected to the electric energy metering chip, and the electric energy metering chip samples the current data of the power grid in real time to capture the current flowing into the power grid in reverse.

[0039] Reference Figure 1A load controller 5 is arranged between the distribution box 3 and the user load. The load controller 5 is connected to the energy gateway 4 and the user load at the same time. The power allocated by the distribution box 3 is controlled by the load controller 5 to pass into the user load. That is, the load controller 5 is used to adjust the real-time operating power of the user load; the load controller 5 and the energy gateway 4 are both equipped with Lora modules, and the load controller 5 and the energy gateway 4 are paired through the Lora modules to achieve mutual communication; therefore, when the energy gateway 4 detects that the photovoltaic power input is too large and the current overflows to the power grid, it can communicate wirelessly with the load controller 5 to control the load controller 5 to increase the household power and avoid the current from flowing back into the power grid.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 The energy management system includes a charging pile 6, which is connected to the distribution box 3 and is connected to the energy gateway 4 by wired RS485, so that the energy gateway 4 can control the charging pile 6 to start or adjust the charging power. When the photovoltaic power generation is high, the charging pile 6 is turned on or the charging power is increased to store the excess electricity generated by photovoltaics.

[0041] In this embodiment, the load controller 5 controls the user load by setting a thyristor. The load controller 5 is provided with three thyristors corresponding to the three-phase lines. The voltage in the user load circuit is adjusted by the thyristor, and the real-time power of the load is adjusted. In order to ensure the service life of the thyristor and prevent the thyristor from being damaged by excessive temperature, a temperature detection element is provided in the load controller 5 for real-time detection of the temperature of the thyristor. In this embodiment, the temperature detection element adopts an NTC temperature sensor.

[0042] The implementation principle of an energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the energy gateway 4 monitors the real-time input power of the household power load and the photovoltaic component 1 through a combination of voltage and current transformers and an electricity metering chip, and determines the size and direction of the power flow between the household load power grid and the external power grid.

[0043] The load controller 5 controls the power of the connected load by adjusting the voltage through three thyristors. In order to protect the life of the thyristors and prevent the thyristors from being damaged by overheating, the NTC temperature sensor can protect the thyristors by real-time monitoring of the thyristor operating temperature. When the temperature is detected to be too high, the load power on the thyristor is reduced or turned off.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station, comprising: a distribution box (3), wherein the distribution box (3) has a household load built therein, and characterized in that: Also includes; A three-phase inverter (2) is connected to the distribution box (3), and the three-phase inverter (2) is connected in series with the photovoltaic module (1) to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic module (1) into alternating current; An energy gateway (4), the energy gateway (4) being connected to the distribution box (3) and monitoring the real-time power input of the photovoltaic assembly (1); The load controller (5) is connected to the distribution box (3), and the load controller (5) is connected to the electrical load to adjust the power of the electrical load.

2. An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy gateway (4) and the load controller (5) are both internally configured with Lora modules, and the energy gateway (4) and the load controller (5) are paired via the Lora modules to perform wireless communication.

3. The energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes; A charging pile (6), wherein the charging pile (6) is connected to the energy gateway (4) via RS485 wired connection.

4. The energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy gateway (4) has a built-in wireless communication module.

5. The energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy gateway (4) is integrated with a voltage measurement component, and the energy gateway (4) retrieves measurement data of the voltage measurement component.

6. The energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy gateway (4) has a current measurement component integrated therein, a measurement interface of the current measurement component being connected to a power grid, and the energy gateway (4) retrieves measurement data of the current measurement component.

7. An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load controller (5) is connected to an electrical load, and a plurality of thyristors are arranged inside the load controller (5), and the thyristors adjust the electrical power of the electrical load.

8. An energy management system for a household photovoltaic power station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The load controller (5) is integrated with a temperature detection element, and the temperature detection element detects the operating temperature of the thyristor.

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