Recycling device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery recovery, in particular to a recycling device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries, which comprises a mechanical arm for grabbing the batteries and a discharge system for removing electric charges in the batteries, the feeding conveyor is used for conveying the battery; the shredding machine is used for shredding the battery; the drying device is used for drying electrolyte in the battery; and the crusher is used for scattering positive and negative pole pieces and diaphragm paper of the battery. According to the utility model, the waste lithium battery composition materials are separated and recycled through a combined process of disassembly discharging, shredding, drying, hammer vibration crushing, screening and airflow sorting; flying dust and superfine dust generated in the operation of the whole set of equipment, namely positive and negative electrode materials in the battery, are collected and purified by a pulse dust collector under negative pressure; in the production process, gas is collected and then discharged through environment-friendly treatment equipment, so that the waste lithium batteries are subjected to harmless treatment, and environmental pollution is avoided; and resource reutilization is realized through classified recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, in particular to a recycling device for harmlessly treating waste lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the number of waste lithium batteries continues to increase. The recycling of scrapped lithium batteries has also become a certain problem. Retired lithium iron phosphate batteries still have good recyclability and safety. The best recycling method is to first use them in a cascade manner and then recycle them. In general, the recycling, harmless treatment and resource reuse of waste lithium batteries are necessary measures to protect the environment and save resources. Through the scientific and effective treatment and reuse of waste lithium batteries, not only can environmental pollution be reduced, but also the sustainable use of resources can be promoted.

[0003] Nowadays, the use of chemical dissolution technology, biological leaching technology, battery disassembly technology, and heat treatment technology to treat waste lithium batteries will produce harmful gases and waste liquids, which require environmentally friendly treatment or are costly and energy-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a recycling device for harmlessly treating waste lithium batteries to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a recycling device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries, including a mechanical arm for grabbing batteries and a discharge system for removing the internal charge of the battery, and also includes a feeding conveyor for conveying batteries, a shredder for shredding batteries, a drying device for the electrolyte in the battery, and a pulverizer for breaking up the positive and negative plates and diaphragm paper of the battery, a conveyor belt group is arranged between the drying device and the feed and discharge ports of the pulverizer, and a dust collector is arranged on one side of the drying device;

[0006] A material distributor for separating light and heavy materials by eddy current is arranged on one side of the discharging port of the pulverizer, a light material screening machine for separating light materials and moving them to a higher place is arranged on one side of the top discharging port of the material distributor, a heavy material screening machine for separating heavy materials and moving them to a lower place is arranged on one side of the bottom discharging port of the material distributor, and a grinder for grinding heavy materials into powder is arranged on one side of the discharging port of the heavy material screening machine;

[0007] The separator is provided with a magnetic separation device for separating magnetic materials from battery crushed materials, and a pulse dust collector for collecting and purifying dust is provided on one side of the light material screening machine and the heavy material screening machine.

[0008] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a screening device for screening out the positive and negative electrode mixed powders is provided on one side of the feed inlet of the divider, and a pulverizer is provided on one side of the discharge port at the bottom of the divider.

[0009] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a pneumatic conveyor is provided on one side of the two crushers, a dust collecting pipe is provided on the feed port side of the pulse dust collector, a dust extractor is provided on the top side of the screening device and the heavy material screening machine, and the output pipe of the dust extractor is connected to the dust collecting pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a blower connected to the dust collecting pipe is arranged on one side of the top of the light material screening machine, and a blower is installed on the top of the pneumatic conveyor and its output pipe is connected to the dust collecting pipe.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, a sorting screen for sorting metal powder by specific gravity is provided on one side of the discharge port of the grinder, a dust collector is provided on one side of the sorting screen, and a purification treatment equipment is connected between the two dust collectors through a pipeline. The purification treatment equipment includes a waste gas treatment system and a wastewater treatment system. The waste gas treatment system adopts multi-stage filtration and adsorption technology, and the waste gas treatment system generally includes a pretreatment device, a filtration device, an adsorption device and a discharge device; the wastewater treatment system adopts physical, chemical and biological methods, and the wastewater treatment system includes a pretreatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit and a discharge unit.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the shredder is composed of a cutter disc, blades and a power system; after the battery is fed into the shredder, the power system drives the cutter disc to rotate, and the blades cut and shred the battery into small pieces.

[0013] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the pulverizer adopts a strong hammering and shearing method, and further crushes the battery fragments through the high-speed rotating hammer head and shearing blade to break up the positive and negative electrode sheets and separator paper.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the screening device is composed of a vibrating screen, a screen and a collecting device; the dispersed material vibrates on the vibrating screen, and the materials of different particle sizes are separated through screens with different apertures; the fine particles of the positive and negative electrode mixed powder fall through the screen, while the larger particles are intercepted by the screen, thereby realizing the grading of the material.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the pulse dust collector consists of a main part, an acceleration pressure forming part and a dust collecting chamber; the main part consists of filter cloth, air suction port, flow port clamp, spherical partition, damper and other components; the acceleration pressure forming part includes a blowing device, a vacuum pump device, a storage container; the pneumatic conveyor consists of air source equipment, a conveying pipeline, a feeder and a separator; the conveying pipeline is used to connect the components and form a closed system, the feeder is used to feed the material into the pipeline, and the separator is used to separate the material from the airflow at the conveying end.

[0016] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the grinder is composed of a grinding disc, grinding media and a power system; after the material enters, the power system drives the grinding disc to rotate, and the grinding media impacts and rubs the material to grind the material into finer particles.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The device for harmless treatment and recycling of waste lithium batteries separates and recycles the constituent materials of waste lithium batteries through a combined process of disassembly and discharge, shredding, drying, hammer vibration crushing, screening device, and air flow sorting; the dust and ultrafine dust generated during the operation of the whole set of equipment, namely the positive and negative electrode materials in the battery, are collected and purified by the negative pressure of the pulse dust collector; the gas collected during the production process is discharged through environmental protection treatment equipment, thus achieving harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste batteries; there is no pollution to the air, and no waste gas or wastewater pollutants are discharged, and finally positive and negative electrode mixed powders, copper, aluminum, nickel and other materials are obtained, and the waste gas is still purified by environmental protection equipment, so as to achieve classified recycling and resource reuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components in the drawings are only for illustration purposes to help understand the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the components of the present invention. Under the guidance of the present invention, those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is one of the top views of the local structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the second top view of the local structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4This is the third top view of the local structure of the utility model.

[0024] The meaning of each number in the figure is:

[0025] 100, feeding conveyor; 200, shredder; 300, drying device; 400, dust collector; 410, purification equipment; 500, pulverizer; 600, screening device;

[0026] 700, material separator; 710, light material screening machine; 720, heavy material screening machine;

[0027] 800, pulse dust collector; 810, dust collecting pipe; 820, pneumatic conveyor; 830, dust extractor;

[0028] 900. Grinding machine; 910. Sorting screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by combining the accompanying drawings with the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are only used for the purpose of explaining the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention in any way. Under the guidance of the present invention, technicians can conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, which should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention. The terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.

[0030] The terms "central axis", "vertical", "horizontal", "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used herein to indicate positions or positional relationships are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the utility model provides a recycling device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries, including a mechanical arm for grabbing batteries and a discharge system for removing the internal charge of the battery. The battery can be accurately grabbed by the mechanical arm and the clamp, and then the battery is safely discharged by the discharge system to remove the internal charge of the battery, thereby ensuring the safety of the subsequent treatment process; it also includes a feeding conveyor 100 for conveying batteries, a shredder 200 for shredding batteries, a drying device 300 for drying electrolyte in the battery, and a pulverizer 500 for breaking up the positive and negative electrodes and diaphragm paper of the battery, a conveyor belt group is arranged between the drying device 300 and the inlet and outlet of the pulverizer 500, and a dust collector 400 is arranged on one side of the drying device 300;

[0032] A distributor 700 for separating light and heavy materials by eddy current is provided on one side of the discharging port of the pulverizer 500, a light material screening machine 710 for separating light materials and moving them to a higher place is provided on one side of the top discharging port of the distributor 700, a heavy material screening machine 720 for separating heavy materials and moving them to a lower place is provided on one side of the bottom discharging port of the distributor 700, and a grinder 900 for grinding heavy materials into powder is provided on one side of the discharging port of the heavy material screening machine 720;

[0033] The separator 700 is provided with a magnetic separator for separating magnetic materials from the battery crushed materials, and a pulse dust collector 800 for collecting and purifying dust is provided on one side of the light material screening machine 710 and the heavy material screening machine 720;

[0034] A screening device 600 for screening out the positive and negative electrode mixed powder is provided on one side of the feed inlet of the distributor 700, and a pulverizer 500 is provided on one side of the discharge port at the bottom of the distributor 700; a pneumatic conveyor 820 is provided on one side of the two pulverizers 500, a dust collecting pipe 810 is provided on one side of the feed inlet of the pulse dust collector 800, and a dust extractor 830 is provided on one side of the top of the screening device 600 and the heavy material screening machine 720, and the output pipe of the dust extractor 830 is connected to the dust collecting pipe 810;

[0035] A blower connected to the dust collecting pipe 810 is provided on one side of the top of the light material screening machine 710, and a blower is installed on the top of the pneumatic conveyor 820 and its output pipe is connected to the dust collecting pipe 810;

[0036] Waste lithium batteries are mainly separated and recycled through a combination of disassembly, discharge, shredding, drying, hammer vibration crushing, screening equipment, and airflow sorting processes. The dust and ultrafine dust generated during the operation of the whole set of equipment, namely the positive and negative electrode materials in the battery, are collected and purified by the negative pressure of the pulse dust collector; the gases collected during the production process are discharged through environmental protection treatment equipment, realizing the harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste batteries; there is no pollution to the air, and no waste gas or wastewater pollutants are discharged, and finally positive and negative electrode mixed powder, copper, aluminum, nickel strips and other materials are obtained, and the waste gas is still purified by environmental protection equipment.

[0037] Specifically, a sorting screen 910 for sorting metal powder by specific gravity is arranged on one side of the discharge port of the grinder 900, and a dust collector 400 is arranged on one side of the sorting screen 910. A purification treatment device 410 is connected between the two dust collectors 400 through a pipeline. The purification treatment device 410 includes a waste gas treatment system and a wastewater treatment system. The waste gas treatment system adopts multi-stage filtration and adsorption technology, and effectively removes particulate matter and harmful gases in the waste gas through devices such as activated carbon and bag dust collectors; the waste gas treatment system generally includes a pretreatment device, a filtering device, an adsorption device and an emission device; the pretreatment device is responsible for preliminary treatment of the waste gas to remove large particles and moisture therein; the filtering device filters the waste gas through filter materials to remove suspended particles therein; the adsorption device uses adsorption materials such as activated carbon to remove harmful gases in the waste gas; the emission device is responsible for safely discharging the treated waste gas into the atmosphere;

[0038] The waste gas first passes through the pre-treatment device to remove large particles and moisture, and then enters the filter device. The filter material in the filter device can effectively intercept the suspended particles in the waste gas, so that the waste gas is initially purified; next, the waste gas enters the adsorption device, and the harmful gas components in the waste gas are removed through the adsorption effect of adsorption materials such as activated carbon; finally, the treated waste gas is safely discharged into the atmosphere through the emission device to ensure that the discharged waste gas meets environmental protection standards;

[0039] The wastewater treatment system uses physical, chemical and biological methods to remove pollutants such as heavy metals and organic matter in wastewater to achieve standard discharge. The wastewater treatment system includes a pretreatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit and a discharge unit. The pretreatment unit is responsible for removing large particles and grease in wastewater. The biological treatment unit uses microorganisms to degrade organic matter in wastewater. The deep treatment unit further removes heavy metals and harmful substances in wastewater. The discharge unit is responsible for safely discharging the treated wastewater into the environment.

[0040] The wastewater first enters the pretreatment unit, where large particles and grease are removed through physical and chemical methods, providing favorable conditions for subsequent treatment; then, the wastewater enters the biological treatment unit, where the organic matter in the wastewater is converted into harmless substances through the degradation effect of microorganisms; in the deep treatment unit, heavy metals and harmful substances in the wastewater are further removed through chemical precipitation, adsorption and other methods; finally, the treated wastewater is safely discharged into the environment through the discharge unit to ensure that the discharged wastewater meets the discharge standards;

[0041] Through the coordinated work of the waste gas treatment system and the waste water treatment system, the waste gas and waste water generated during the recycling and treatment of waste lithium batteries are effectively treated, thus achieving environmental protection; these systems not only improve the efficiency of resource recovery, but also reduce environmental pollution, providing strong technical support for the harmless treatment and resource utilization of waste lithium batteries.

[0042] Furthermore, the pre-treatment device of the exhaust gas treatment system is usually composed of temperature control, humidity control and coarse filtration parts; the temperature control and humidity control parts can be achieved through heat exchangers and humidity regulators to adjust the temperature and humidity of the exhaust gas to ensure the best operating conditions of the subsequent treatment devices; the coarse filtration part adopts a physical filtration method, using different levels of filter materials to remove large particles and dust in the exhaust gas, and protect the subsequent treatment devices from clogging and wear;

[0043] The filter device mainly includes high-efficiency filters and filter materials. The high-efficiency filter adopts a multi-stage filtration design, which can effectively remove fine particles in the exhaust gas. The filter material is selected from materials with excellent filtration performance and corrosion resistance, such as glass fiber, polyester fiber, etc. The filter device ensures that the exhaust gas can be fully filtered when passing through by reasonably arranging the filter material and filter to achieve the purpose of purification.

[0044] The adsorption device is mainly composed of an adsorption box, adsorption materials and a supporting structure. The adsorption box is a container for the adsorption material, and its design needs to take into account the flow and distribution uniformity of the exhaust gas. The adsorption material is usually activated carbon, zeolite, etc., which have the ability to efficiently adsorb harmful gases. The supporting structure is used to fix and support the adsorption material to ensure that it remains stable during the adsorption process.

[0045] The emission device mainly includes emission pipes, fans and monitoring equipment; the emission pipe is responsible for transporting the treated waste gas to the emission port, and its design needs to consider the flow rate and direction of the waste gas to avoid secondary pollution. The fan provides power to ensure that the waste gas can be discharged smoothly; the monitoring equipment is used to monitor the quality of the discharged waste gas in real time to ensure that it meets environmental protection standards;

[0046] These devices together constitute the exhaust gas treatment system. By working in coordination, they can effectively treat exhaust gas and meet environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the structural design of each device also fully considers factors such as operating efficiency, maintenance convenience and service life to ensure the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0047] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit in the wastewater treatment system mainly includes a screen, a regulating tank and a grit tank; the screen is used to remove large solid particles and floating objects in the wastewater to protect the subsequent treatment equipment from damage; the regulating tank is used to homogenize the water quality and water volume to ensure the stability of the subsequent treatment process; the grit tank removes sand and heavy particles in the wastewater by gravity sedimentation;

[0048] Biological treatment units usually use activated sludge method or biofilm method; the activated sludge method includes aeration tank and sedimentation tank, through aeration, the organic matter in the wastewater is fully contacted with the microorganisms in the activated sludge to achieve the degradation of organic matter; the biofilm method uses the microbial film attached to the carrier to remove organic matter; the core of the biological treatment unit is microorganisms, which convert organic matter into harmless substances through metabolism;

[0049] The deep treatment unit mainly includes coagulation sedimentation, filtration and adsorption processes; coagulation sedimentation is to add coagulants to make the colloidal particles and suspended matter in the wastewater condense into larger particles, which are convenient for subsequent filtration and removal; filtration uses filter media to remove suspended matter and colloidal particles in the wastewater; adsorption uses adsorption materials such as activated carbon to remove dissolved organic matter and heavy metal ions in the wastewater;

[0050] The discharge unit includes disinfection equipment and discharge pipes; the disinfection equipment is used to kill pathogenic microorganisms in the wastewater to ensure that the discharged wastewater does not cause harm to the environment and human body; the discharge pipe transports the treated wastewater to the discharge port and discharges it into the environment; in order to ensure that the discharged wastewater meets environmental protection standards, the discharge unit is usually also equipped with online monitoring equipment to monitor the quality of the wastewater in real time;

[0051] These units work together to form a complete wastewater treatment system, ensuring that the wastewater generated during the recycling of used lithium batteries is effectively treated and meets environmental emission requirements.

[0052] Furthermore, the shredder 200 is composed of a cutter disc, blades and a power system; after the battery is fed into the shredder, the power system drives the cutter disc to rotate, and the blades cut and shred the battery, breaking it into small pieces for subsequent processing.

[0053] Furthermore, the crusher 500 uses powerful hammering and shearing methods to further crush the battery fragments through high-speed rotating hammer heads and shear blades, breaking up the positive and negative electrode sheets and separator paper, providing convenience for subsequent screening and separation.

[0054] Furthermore, the screening device 600 is composed of a vibrating screen, a screen and a collecting device; the dispersed material vibrates on the vibrating screen, and the materials of different particle sizes are separated through screens with different apertures; the fine particles of the positive and negative electrode mixed powder fall through the screen, while the larger particles are intercepted by the screen, thereby realizing the grading of the material.

[0055] Specifically, the pulse dust collector 800 consists of a main body, an acceleration pressure forming part and a dust collecting chamber; the main body consists of filter cloth, air suction port, flow port clamp, spherical partition, damper and other parts; the acceleration pressure forming part includes a blowing device, a vacuum pump device and a storage container; when working, the exhaust gas enters the filter cloth from the air suction port, forms multiple channels through the partition, generates a certain pressure difference, and then forms independent vacuum zone and pressure zone. The generation and release of the pulse wave causes the dust attached to the filter cloth to be shaken off and fall into the dust collecting chamber, thereby achieving the purpose of dust removal;

[0056] The pneumatic conveyor 820 is composed of air source equipment, conveying pipeline, feeder and separator, etc. The conveying pipeline is used to connect various components and form a closed system, the feeder is used to feed the material into the pipeline, and the separator is used to separate the material from the airflow at the conveying end point;

[0057] Pneumatic conveyors use the dynamic and static pressure of airflow to suspend material particles in the airflow or transport them in groups along the pipeline. When the blower or compressor generates airflow, the material enters the conveying pipeline through the feeder. Under the action of the airflow, the material particles are suspended and move along the pipeline with the airflow. In this process, a certain distance is maintained between the material particles and the pipeline wall, thereby reducing friction and wear.

[0058] At the end of the conveying, the airflow is separated from the material through the separator; the separator is designed to change the direction or speed of the airflow, so that the material particles are separated from the airflow due to inertia or gravity; the separated material is discharged from the separator, and the airflow is purified by the dust collector before being discharged into the atmosphere or recycled;

[0059] Through pneumatic conveyors, materials such as positive and negative electrode mixed powders can be efficiently and continuously transported to screening equipment, providing convenience for the subsequent screening process; at the same time, pneumatic conveying has the advantages of long conveying distance, strong adaptability, and little damage to materials. It is particularly suitable for the conveying of non-breakable particles and powdered materials.

[0060] Furthermore, the grinder 900 is composed of a grinding disc, grinding media and a power system; after the material enters, the power system drives the grinding disc to rotate, and the grinding media impacts and rubs the material, grinding the material into finer particles to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processing; through the coordinated work of the above equipment, waste lithium batteries are effectively treated harmlessly and utilized as resources, achieving the dual goals of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0061] When the recycling and utilization device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries of the utility model is in operation, the waste lithium batteries are disassembled from the discharge device, and the outer packaging of the batteries including the battery shells etc. are mainly removed. The remaining batteries are shredded by the shredder 200 and then enter the drying device 300, and the electrolyte, adhesive etc. in the batteries are mainly removed. The discharge of the drying device 300 is cooled and then enters the pulverizer 500 for crushing, and the positive and negative electrode sheets and the diaphragm paper of the batteries are scattered. The scattered materials enter the screening device 600 through the pneumatic conveyor 820, and the scattered positive and negative electrode mixed powders can be screened out in this process. The screened materials can pass through the magnetic separation device to separate the lithium batteries. Magnetic materials in the crushed materials, such as iron shells, nickel strips, etc., are sorted out; the remaining crushed materials are extracted by the blower on the classifier 700 to form a vortex, so that light materials go up and heavy materials fall down, and then the light materials such as diaphragms, packaging papers, and plastics are collected and sorted out; the screened materials enter the grinder 900 for final grinding and crushing, and are gravity-sorted by the sorting screen 910 to screen copper and aluminum; thereby, the dust and ultrafine dust generated during the operation of the entire set of equipment, that is, the positive and negative electrode materials in the battery, are collected and treated under negative pressure, and the gases collected during the production process are discharged through environmental protection treatment equipment.

[0062] It should be noted that the above implementation is only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and its purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A recycling device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries, comprising a mechanical arm for grabbing batteries and a discharge system for removing the internal charge of the batteries, characterized in that: It also includes a feeding conveyor (100) for conveying batteries, a shredder (200) for shredding batteries, a drying device (300) for drying electrolyte in the batteries, and a pulverizer (500) for breaking up positive and negative electrode sheets and diaphragm paper of the batteries, wherein a conveyor belt group is provided between the drying device (300) and the feed and discharge ports of the pulverizer (500), and a dust collector (400) is provided on one side of the drying device (300); A material distributor (700) for separating light and heavy materials by vortex flow is arranged on one side of the material outlet of the pulverizer (500); a light material screening machine (710) for separating light materials and moving them to a higher place is arranged on one side of the top material outlet of the material distributor (700); a heavy material screening machine (720) for separating heavy materials and moving them to a lower place is arranged on one side of the bottom material outlet of the material distributor (700); and a grinder (900) for grinding heavy materials into powder is arranged on one side of the material outlet of the heavy material screening machine (720); A magnetic separation device for separating magnetic materials from battery crushed materials is arranged inside the material separator (700), and a pulse dust collector (800) for collecting and purifying dust is arranged on one side of the light material screening machine (710) and the heavy material screening machine (720).

2. The device for recycling and utilizing waste lithium batteries for harmless treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screening device (600) for screening out the positive and negative electrode mixed powder is arranged on one side of the feed inlet of the distributor (700), and a pulverizer (500) is arranged on one side of the discharge outlet at the bottom of the distributor (700).

3. The device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A pneumatic conveyor (820) is provided on one side of the two pulverizers (500), a dust collecting pipe (810) is provided on one side of the feed port of the pulse dust collector (800), and a dust extractor (830) is provided on one side of the top of the screening device (600) and the heavy material screening machine (720), and the output pipe of the dust extractor (830) is connected to the dust collecting pipe (810).

4. The device for recycling and utilizing waste lithium batteries for harmless treatment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A blower connected to the dust collecting pipe (810) is arranged on one side of the top of the light material screening machine (710), and a blower is installed on the top of the pneumatic conveyor (820), and its output pipe is connected to the dust collecting pipe (810).

5. The device for recycling and utilizing waste lithium batteries for harmless treatment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A sorting screen (910) for sorting metal powder by specific gravity is arranged on one side of the discharge port of the grinder (900), a dust collector (400) is arranged on one side of the sorting screen (910), and a purification treatment device (410) is connected between the two dust collectors (400) via a pipeline. The purification treatment device (410) comprises a waste gas treatment system and a waste water treatment system. The waste gas treatment system adopts multi-stage filtration and adsorption technology, and the waste gas treatment system comprises a pretreatment device, a filtration device, an adsorption device, and a discharge device; the waste water treatment system adopts physical, chemical and biological methods, and the waste water treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a biological treatment unit, a deep treatment unit, and a discharge unit.

6. The device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The shredder (200) is composed of a cutter disc, blades, and a power system; after the batteries are fed into the shredder, the power system drives the cutter disc to rotate, and the blades cut and shred the batteries, breaking them into small fragments.

7. The device for recycling and utilizing waste lithium batteries for harmless treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crusher (500) uses a strong hammering and shearing method to further crush the battery fragments through the high-speed rotating hammer head and shearing blades, thereby breaking up the positive and negative electrode sheets and the separator paper.

8. The device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The screening device (600) is composed of a vibrating screen, a screen and a collecting device; the dispersed material vibrates on the vibrating screen, and passes through screens with different apertures to separate materials of different particle sizes; fine particles of the positive and negative electrode mixed powder fall through the screen, while large particles are intercepted by the screen, thereby achieving material classification.

9. The device for harmless treatment of waste lithium batteries according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The pulse dust collector (800) is composed of a main body, an acceleration pressure forming part and a dust collecting chamber; the main body is composed of a filter cloth, an air suction port, a flow port clamp, a spherical partition, and damper components; the acceleration pressure forming part includes a blowing device, a vacuum pump device, and a storage container; the pneumatic conveyor (820) is composed of an air source device, a conveying pipeline, a feeder and a separator; the conveying pipeline is used to connect the various components and form a closed system, the feeder is used to feed the material into the pipeline, and the separator is used to separate the material from the airflow at the conveying end.

10. The device for harmless treatment and recycling of waste lithium batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grinding machine (900) is composed of a grinding disc, grinding media and a power system; after the material enters, the power system drives the grinding disc to rotate, and the grinding media impacts and rubs the material, thereby grinding the material into finer particles.

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