Direct push type clamping mechanism and pneumatic chuck

Abstract

The clamping mechanism comprises a chuck body and four sets of air cylinders evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and piston rods of the air cylinders are arranged in the radial direction of the chuck and fixedly installed at the front end of the chuck body. A clamping jaw assembly is fixedly installed on the cylinder body, an organ protective cover is connected between the cylinder body and the end of the piston rod, two synchronous gear rings are coaxially arranged at the rear end of the chuck body, and the cylinder bodies of the two adjacent air cylinders are in transmission connection with the two synchronous gear rings correspondingly. And therefore, the two groups of symmetrically arranged air cylinders synchronously act through the same synchronous gear ring. According to the embodiment, the power source is externally arranged, the internal space of the chuck is saved, meanwhile, later maintenance is facilitated, the power source is directly connected with the clamping execution end, transmission loss is avoided, larger clamping force is achieved, meanwhile, a sliding block structure is avoided, and the phenomenon of sliding clamping stagnation is eradicated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pneumatic chucks, in particular to a direct-push clamping mechanism and a pneumatic chuck. Background Art

[0002] Professional laser tube cutting machines or integrated tube and plate machines are widely used for processing tubes and profiles of various metal materials. As an important accessory of laser cutting equipment, pneumatic chucks are used to clamp and transfer tubes and profiles of various materials, thereby realizing tube and profile processing. Conventional pneumatic chucks on the market include a base, a chuck body and a gas distribution assembly that are rotatably arranged at the front and rear ends of the base, and are connected in the middle by a rotating sleeve. A claw assembly is provided at the front end of the chuck body, and a pneumatic clamping drive assembly is provided at the rear end. The external air source and the clamping drive assembly are connected through the gas distribution assembly, thereby providing power for the pneumatic chuck and driving the claw assembly to realize the clamping function.

[0003] The clamping mechanism of the traditional pneumatic front chuck is composed of a clamping drive assembly and a claw assembly. The clamping drive assembly adopts four groups of cylinders, which are built into the sealed cavity of the chuck. Four slide grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the front end of the chuck body. The claw assembly includes a sliding block slidably arranged in the slide groove and a claw fixedly installed on the sliding block. The four groups of cylinders are respectively connected to the corresponding four sliding blocks in transmission, so as to realize the clamping action by driving the claws through the cylinders, such as the structures disclosed in the Chinese utility model "A large-aperture square hole front pneumatic chuck" with the authorization announcement number CN217019095U and the Chinese utility model "A chuck drive device and chuck" with the authorization announcement number CN215393270U. The sliding block of this type of clamping mechanism always works in a dusty environment, and it is easy to accumulate debris generated by cutting pipes between the sliding groove, which is easy to cause sliding jamming and cause the clamping function to fail, affecting work efficiency and even causing safety accidents. In addition, there will be partial loss of clamping force after multiple layers of transmission from the output end of the cylinder to the final clamping execution end, and the cylinder as the power source is installed inside the chuck. When a failure occurs, the entire chuck needs to be disassembled and opened for repair and replacement, which increases the subsequent maintenance cost and operation difficulty. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to propose a direct-push clamping mechanism and a pneumatic chuck in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The power source is externally placed, which not only saves the internal space of the chuck, but also facilitates later maintenance. The power source is directly connected to the clamping execution end, which avoids transmission loss and achieves a greater clamping force. At the same time, it avoids the use of a sliding block structure and prevents the occurrence of sliding jams.

[0005] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is:

[0006] A direct-push clamping mechanism comprises a chuck body and four groups of cylinders evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the piston rods of the cylinders are arranged along the radial direction of the chuck and fixedly mounted on the front end of the chuck body, a claw assembly is fixedly mounted on the cylinder body and an accordion protective cover is connected between the end of the piston rod, two synchronous gear rings are coaxially arranged at the rear end of the chuck body, and the cylinder bodies of two adjacent cylinders are respectively connected to the two synchronous gear rings in a transmission manner so that the two symmetrically arranged groups of cylinders can achieve synchronous action through the same synchronous gear ring.

[0007] Furthermore, a bar tooth is provided on the side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided at the rear end of the chuck body, and a first gear and a second gear respectively meshing with the bar tooth and the corresponding synchronous gear ring are coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the front end of the chuck body is fixedly provided with stoppers located on both sides of the cylinder, a guide groove adapted to the cylinder body of the cylinder is formed between the two stoppers, and the rear end surface of the guide groove and the front end surface of the chuck body are located on the same longitudinal plane.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide strip is provided on the stopper, and a groove matched with the guide strip is provided on the side of the accordion protective cover facing the stopper.

[0010] Furthermore, a gear seat is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the chuck body, and first bearings are respectively connected between the gear seat and the corresponding stopper at both ends of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a clamping roller is provided on the rear side of the clamping jaw assembly, and the clamping roller is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder body of the cylinder close to the center of the chuck.

[0012] A pneumatic chuck comprises a base, a second bearing, and a clamping mechanism and a driven gear as described above, which are rotatably mounted on the front and rear ends of the base respectively through the second bearing, a rear cover plate is provided on the rear side of the driven gear, a sealing ring is provided between the rear cover plate and the driven gear to form an air distribution assembly, the cylinder of the clamping mechanism is connected to an external air source through the air distribution assembly, a rotating sleeve is fixedly provided on the inner ring of the chuck body, the driven gear is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and the rear cover plate and the synchronous gear ring are both rotatably matched with the rotating sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer cover of the driven gear is provided with a shell coaxially mounted on the outer ring of the second bearing, the outer circumferential surface of the shell is provided with mounting ears, a reducer is pre-installed at the mounting ears, and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output end of the reducer.

[0014] Furthermore, a flange is provided between the reducer and the housing, an adjustment platform is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the flange, a connecting screw threadedly connected to the adjustment platform is provided on the side of the mounting ear away from the center of the driven gear, and adjustment screws with ends abutting the adjustment platform are provided on both sides of the connecting screw.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner ring of the rotating sleeve is provided with a square through hole, and the four sides of the square through hole are provided with arc surfaces extending to the front and rear end surfaces of the square through hole, and the four arc surfaces surround a tapered hole with a small front and a large rear.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The utility model adopts a cylinder direct push form to realize a direct connection between the power source and the clamping actuator, that is, the claw assembly. The cylinder body directly drives the claw assembly to move, avoiding the multi-layer transmission in the traditional chuck, almost no force loss, and achieving a greater clamping force; the cylinder replaces the existing sliding block structure, and the accordion protective cover blocks the pipe cutting debris from entering the relatively sliding piston rod and cylinder body, eliminating the phenomenon of sliding jamming, and greatly improving the air leakage problem of the cylinder; all cylinders are external, which not only saves the internal space of the chuck, but also facilitates later maintenance.

[0018] (2) The utility model arranges bar teeth on the cylinder body of the cylinder, and adopts a rotating shaft, a first gear and a second gear to form a bridge gear shaft, so that the symmetrically arranged cylinders can achieve synchronous action under the action of a synchronous gear ring, with a simple structure and high transmission accuracy.

[0019] (3) The utility model forms a guide groove adapted to the cylinder body of the cylinder through two blocks, thereby providing a guide function when the cylinder body moves along the radial direction of the chuck, ensuring smooth sliding and further improving the stability of the clamping movement.

[0020] (4) The utility model provides a guide for the extension and retraction of the accordion protective cover by setting a guide strip, thereby preventing the accordion protective cover from twisting and deforming during the extension and retraction process and damaging or interfering with the cylinder movement, thereby extending the service life and improving the stability of the clamping movement.

[0021] (5) The utility model realizes the rotation of the shaft by means of the first bearing which is installed at the rear end of the chuck body, thereby ensuring that the rotation of the shaft is smoother.

[0022] (6) The utility model adds a clamping roller on the rear side of the jaw assembly to form a double roller mode, which effectively increases the contact cross-section between the clamping execution end and the workpiece to be cut, forms a four-cross-section clamp, and effectively improves the deflection problem existing when the workpiece is cut; at the same time, the clamping roller is installed at the end of the cylinder, which will not increase the axial thickness of the chuck itself.

[0023] (7) The chuck of the utility model adopts the clamping mechanism of the above structure to achieve a larger and more stable clamping force, while facilitating later maintenance. The driven gear and the rear cover plate constitute part of the air distribution assembly, and there is no need to configure a separate air distribution assembly. This can reduce the axial size of the chuck and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0024] (8) The chuck of the utility model is pre-installed with a reducer to form an integrated chuck structure. The chuck itself has installation positions for the reducer, the driving gear and the driven gear, which is convenient for cooperation with the laser tube cutting machine and eliminates the complicated gear matching and debugging process. At the same time, the driving gear and the driven gear are both installed in the housing to prevent dust from entering and causing abnormal noise and wear of the gears.

[0025] (9) A flange with an adjustment platform is provided between the reducer and the housing of the utility model. The tooth clearance between the driving gear and the driven gear can be quickly adjusted by setting two adjustment screws on the left and right, which greatly improves the problem of poor gear tooth clearance.

[0026] (10) The inner hole of the rotating sleeve of the utility model is designed to be a combination of square and round, which can not only clamp more types of pipe profiles, but also facilitate the installation of tooling, measurement of circular runout and debugging of clamping claws. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to make the content of the utility model easier to understand, the utility model is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping mechanism of the utility model (the chuck body is not shown in the figure);

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing structure of the driving gear and the driven gear of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the rotating sleeve of the utility model.

[0033] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are:

[0034] Base 1, second bearing 2, driven gear 3, rear cover 4, rotating sleeve 5, arc surface 5-1, sealing ring 6, housing 7, mounting ear 8, reducer 9, driving gear 10, flange 11, adjustment platform 12, connecting screw 13, adjusting screw 14, chuck body 15, cylinder 16, bar tooth 16-1, claw assembly 17, accordion protective cover 18, synchronous gear ring 19, block 20, gear seat 21, rotating shaft 22, first gear 23, second gear 24, guide strip 25, clamping roller 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0036] (Example 1)

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 The pneumatic chuck shown includes a base 1, a second bearing 2, a clamping mechanism, a driven gear 3, a rear cover plate 4 and a rotating sleeve 5. The clamping mechanism and the driven gear 3 are rotatably mounted on the front and rear ends of the base 1 respectively through the second bearing 2, and are both fixedly sleeved on the rotating sleeve 5. The rear cover plate 4 is arranged at the rear end of the driven gear 3 and rotatably sleeved on the rotating sleeve 5. A sealing ring 6 is provided between the rear cover plate 4 and the driven gear 3 to form an air distribution assembly, which is connected to an external air source to provide compressed air for the clamping mechanism. The specific air path structure belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here. The driven gear 3 and the rear cover plate 4 are cleverly formed as a part of the air distribution assembly, and there is no need to configure a separate air distribution assembly. This can reduce the axial size of the chuck and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0038] In order to solve the problem of repeated gear matching adjustment required when the chuck is installed on the laser tube cutting machine and simplify the installation, in this embodiment, a shell 7 coaxially installed on the outer ring of the second bearing 2 is provided on the outer cover of the driven gear 3, and a mounting ear 8 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 7. A reducer 9 is pre-installed at the mounting ear. A driving gear 10 meshing with the driven gear 3 is coaxially fixedly installed on the output end of the reducer 9 to form an integrated chuck structure, so that the chuck itself has the installation position of the reducer, the driving gear and the driven gear, which is convenient for matching with the laser tube cutting machine and eliminates the complicated gear matching and debugging process. At the same time, the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 3 are both installed in the shell 7 to prevent dust from entering and causing abnormal noise and wear of the gears. In order to further facilitate the adjustment of the tooth clearance between the driving wheel 10 and the driven gear 3, a flange 11 is provided between the reducer 9 and the housing 7 in this embodiment, and an adjustment platform 12 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the flange 11. A connecting screw 13 threadedly connected to the adjustment platform 12 is provided on the side of the mounting ear 8 away from the center of the driven gear 3, and adjusting screws 14 with ends abutting against the adjustment platform 12 are provided on both sides of the connecting screw 13. By tightening or loosening the adjusting screws on both sides, the tooth clearance can be quickly adjusted, which greatly improves the problem of poor gear tooth clearance.

[0039] In order to meet the cutting and clamping requirements of pipes of more specifications, the inner ring of the rotating sleeve 5 of this embodiment is provided with a square through hole, and the four sides of the square through hole are provided with arc surfaces 5-1 extending to the front and rear end surfaces of the square through hole. The four arc surfaces form a tapered hole which is small in front and large in the back, so that the inner hole of the chuck can realize the form of a combination of square and circle, which can not only meet the requirements of clamping more kinds of pipe profiles, but also facilitate the installation of tooling, measurement of circular runout and debugging of the claws.

[0040] The clamping mechanism includes a chuck body 15, a cylinder 16, a claw assembly 17, an accordion protective cover 18 and a synchronous gear ring 19. The chuck body 15 is coaxially fixedly connected to the inner ring of the second bearing 2, and four groups of cylinders 16 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction. The piston rod of each cylinder 16 is arranged along the radial direction of the chuck and fixedly installed at the front end of the chuck body 6. The claw assembly 17 is also arranged in four groups and fixedly installed on the cylinder bodies of the four cylinders 16 respectively. The claw assemblies 17 are moved away from and close to each other through the action of the cylinder 16 to achieve the clamping function, realize the direct connection between the power source and the clamping execution end, avoid the multi-layer transmission in the traditional chuck, and almost no force loss is generated, so as to achieve a greater clamping force. The two ends of the accordion protective cover 18 are fixedly connected to the piston rod and the cylinder body of the cylinder 16 respectively. The cylinder 16 replaces the existing sliding block structure, and the accordion protective cover 18 blocks the pipe cutting debris from entering the relatively sliding piston rod and the cylinder body, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of sliding jamming and greatly improving the air leakage problem of the cylinder. All cylinders are externally mounted, which not only saves space inside the chuck but also facilitates later maintenance.

[0041] There are two synchronous gear rings 19, both of which are rotatably sleeved on the rotating sleeve 5. The cylinder bodies of the two adjacent cylinders 16 are respectively connected to the two synchronous gear rings 19 in a transmission manner, so that the two symmetrically arranged groups of cylinders 16 can achieve synchronous action through the same synchronous gear ring. Specifically, a bar tooth 16-1 is provided on the side of the cylinder body of the cylinder 16, and a stopper 20 installed on the chuck body 6 is fixedly provided on both sides. Four gear seats 21 are fixedly installed on the rear end of the chuck body 6 in the axial direction. A rotating shaft 22 that vertically penetrates the chuck body 6 is provided between each gear seat 21 and the corresponding stopper 20. The two ends of the rotating shaft 22 are respectively connected to the first bearing between the gear seat 21 and the corresponding stopper 20, so as to achieve a rotating connection. A first gear 23 and a second gear 24 are coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft 22, which are respectively meshed with the bar teeth 16-1 and the corresponding synchronous gear ring 19 to form a bridge gear. When the cylinder 16 is actuated, the bar teeth drive the first gear 23 and the second gear 24 to rotate, and then drive the cylinder 16 on the symmetrical side to move synchronously through the synchronous gear ring 19.

[0042] A guide groove adapted to the cylinder body of the cylinder 16 is formed between the blocks 20 on both sides of the cylinder, thereby providing a guide function when the cylinder body moves along the radial direction of the chuck, ensuring smooth sliding and further improving the stability of the clamping movement. The rear end face of the guide groove is located on the same longitudinal plane as the front end face of the chuck body 6 to avoid the accumulation of debris and dust. A guide bar 25 is provided on the block 20, and a groove adapted to the guide bar 25 is provided on the side of the accordion protective cover 18 facing the block 20, providing a guide function for the extension and retraction of the accordion protective cover 18, avoiding the accordion protective cover 18 from twisting and deforming during the extension and retraction process to damage or interfere with the cylinder movement, extending the service life, and improving the stability of the clamping movement.

[0043] A clamping roller 26 is provided on the rear side of each jaw assembly 17, forming a double roller mode, effectively increasing the contact section between the clamping execution end and the workpiece to be cut, forming a four-cross-section clamping, and effectively improving the deflection problem existing when cutting the workpiece. The clamping roller 26 is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder body of the cylinder 16 close to the center of the chuck, and does not increase the axial thickness of the chuck itself.

[0044] The chuck of this embodiment adopts the clamping mechanism of the above structure to achieve a larger and more stable clamping force, while facilitating later maintenance. The driven gear and the rear cover plate constitute part of the air distribution assembly, and there is no need to configure a separate air distribution assembly. This can reduce the axial size of the chuck and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0045] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct push clamping mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a chuck body and four groups of cylinders evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the piston rods of the cylinders are arranged along the radial direction of the chuck and fixedly installed at the front end of the chuck body, a claw assembly is fixedly installed on the cylinder body and an accordion protective cover is connected between the end of the piston rod, two synchronous gear rings are coaxially arranged at the rear end of the chuck body, and the cylinder bodies of two adjacent cylinders are respectively connected to the two synchronous gear rings in a transmission manner, so that the two symmetrically arranged groups of cylinders can achieve synchronous action through the same synchronous gear ring.

2. A direct push clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body side is provided with bar teeth, the rear end of the chuck body is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is coaxially fixed with a first gear and a second gear respectively meshing with the bar teeth and the corresponding synchronous gear ring.

3. A direct push clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the chuck body is fixed with stoppers located on both sides of the cylinder, a guide groove adapted to the cylinder body of the cylinder is formed between the two stoppers, and the rear end surface of the guide groove and the front end surface of the chuck body are located on the same longitudinal plane.

4. A direct push clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stopper is provided with a guide strip, and the side of the accordion protective cover facing the stopper is provided with a groove matched with the guide strip.

5. A direct push clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gear seat is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the chuck body, and first bearings are respectively connected between the gear seat and the corresponding stopper at both ends of the rotating shaft.

6. A direct push clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping roller is provided at the rear side of the clamping claw assembly, and the clamping roller is fixedly mounted on one end of the cylinder body of the cylinder close to the center of the chuck.

7. A pneumatic chuck, characterized in that: It comprises a base, a second bearing, and a clamping mechanism and a driven gear as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, which are rotatably mounted on the front and rear ends of the base respectively through the second bearing, a rear cover plate is provided on the rear side of the driven gear, a sealing ring is provided between the rear cover plate and the driven gear to form an air distribution assembly, the cylinder of the clamping mechanism is connected to an external air source through the air distribution assembly, a rotating sleeve is fixedly provided on the inner ring of the chuck body, the driven gear is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve, and the rear cover plate and the synchronous gear ring are both rotatably matched with the rotating sleeve.

8. A pneumatic chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer cover of the driven gear is provided with a shell coaxially mounted on the outer ring of the second bearing, the outer peripheral surface of the shell is provided with a mounting ear, a reducer is pre-installed at the mounting ear, and a driving gear meshing with the driven gear is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output end of the reducer.

9. A pneumatic chuck according to claim 8, characterized in that: A flange is provided between the reducer and the housing, an adjustment platform is provided on the outer circumference of the flange, a connecting screw threadedly connected to the adjustment platform is provided on the side of the mounting ear away from the center of the driven gear, and adjusting screws with ends abutting against the adjustment platform are provided on both sides of the connecting screw.

10. The pneumatic chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner ring of the rotating sleeve is provided with a square through hole, and the four sides of the square through hole are provided with arc surfaces extending to the front and rear end surfaces of the square through hole, and the four arc surfaces surround a tapered hole with a small front and a large rear.

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