Energy-saving and consumption-reducing system for biomass carbonization furnace coupling incineration system
By adopting a two-stage flue gas internal circulation system in the carbonization furnace system, the problems of low production capacity, high operating costs and difficult control of the carbonized activated carbon raw materials in the internal heat carbonization furnace are solved, and the economic, long-term, safe and stable operation of the carbonization furnace is achieved, and the yield and product quality of the carbonization material are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421131922.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-23
AI Technical Summary
The existing internal heat carbonization furnace carbonized activated carbon raw materials have problems such as low production capacity, high operating costs and difficulty in control, especially when the flue gas waste heat is unreasonable.
The two-stage flue gas internal circulation system is adopted to recover the flue gas waste heat in the carbonization furnace through the internal circulation of the first-stage flue gas to ensure the operating temperature and low oxygen content in the carbonization furnace; the flue gas waste heat in the combustion chamber is recovered through the internal circulation of the second-stage flue gas, reduce the flue gas amount and nitrogen oxide content, and optimize the selection of the incineration system.
The economic, long-term, safe and stable operation of the carbonization furnace is achieved, the ton consumption cost of carbonized materials is reduced, the yield of carbonized materials is improved, the operating cost is reduced, and the stability of product quality is ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN222560032U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass activated carbon preparation, and in particular to a system for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled with an incineration system. Background Art
[0002] Activated carbon is an excellent adsorption material with good adsorption performance for most pollutants. It is a broad-spectrum adsorbent. Activated carbon is currently an indispensable product in my country's industrial wastewater treatment, water purification, air purification, chemical processing, food and medicine processing.
[0003] The manufacturing of activated carbon is mainly divided into three processes: drying, carbonization, and activation. Among them, carbonization is an important link. If the operation is unreasonable, it will seriously affect the yield of the product. In order to obtain as much carbonized material as possible, it is necessary to control the loss in the carbonization furnace. The operation of the carbonization furnace mainly has two important factors: temperature and oxygen content.
[0004] The reaction in the carbonization furnace is an anaerobic condition in which flue gas and materials are in contact. The carbonization process needs to maintain a certain temperature. In order to ensure the reaction temperature in the carbonization furnace during operation, a part of the raw materials needs to be burned to maintain the temperature balance. This reduces the product yield to ensure system operation, which is not advisable.
[0005] The carbonization process of biomass will produce a large amount of flammable gases, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Both carbon monoxide and hydrogen are flammable gases. If they are not handled properly, they are prone to explosion. In order to avoid such incidents, the next process of the carbonization furnace is usually equipped with an incineration system to handle the flammable gases.
[0006] The combustion in the furnace of the incinerator needs to maintain a certain temperature (>800℃). If the incineration system is selected to be smaller, the production capacity of the carbonization system will be reduced, resulting in the company's production capacity not meeting the standard. If it is selected to be larger, in order to maintain the normal operation of the incineration system, a large amount of natural gas will be required to assist combustion, resulting in increased operating costs and increased investment costs. Therefore, the selection of the incinerator, whether large or small, will affect the energy consumption and investment of the system. In order to ensure the production capacity and energy consumption of the carbonization system, some measures need to be taken to reasonably utilize the waste heat of the system, ensure the reaction temperature in the carbonization furnace, reduce the oxygen content in the furnace, and then reduce the amount of combustible gas generated by the carbonization system, making the incineration system smaller.
[0007] Because the initial construction cost is lower than that of external heating carbonization furnace, the internal heating carbonization furnace is currently used in the market to carbonize activated carbon raw materials. This type of furnace currently faces the following problems:
[0008] (1) The flue gas and material of the internal heating carbonization furnace are in contact. In order to ensure the stable operation of the carbonization system, the production capacity is often sacrificed to ensure the reaction temperature, resulting in low production capacity;
[0009] (2) The unreasonable utilization of flue gas waste heat from the carbonization furnace leads to high operating costs;
[0010] (3) The operation process is not quantified and is difficult to control. Summary of the invention
[0011] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to propose a system for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system. Regarding the current problems of high cost per ton of biomass carbonization materials, low production capacity, and failure to quantify control, this application sets up two-stage flue gas internal circulation at appropriate locations based on the operating points of the carbonization system to ensure the operating temperature, low oxygen content and low flue gas volume in the carbonization furnace, thereby ensuring that the biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system can operate economically, over a long period of time, safely and stably.
[0012] The technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:
[0013] A system for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled with an incineration system, comprising a carbonization furnace, a combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler, a bag filter, an exhaust fan and a chimney connected in sequence by pipelines, wherein the inlet of the carbonization furnace is respectively connected with a steam device and a feeding device, and the steam device is used to introduce water vapor into the carbonization furnace for fire extinguishing and temperature reduction;
[0014] The material to be carbonized is transported into the carbonization furnace by the feeding device, and is carbonized in the high temperature environment inside the carbonization furnace to form activated carbon products and combustible gas. The activated carbon product is discharged from the bottom discharge port of the carbonization furnace, and the combustible gas enters the combustion chamber for combustion. The high-temperature flue gas generated is discharged after being processed by the waste heat boiler, bag filter, exhaust fan and chimney in turn, forming a main route system for material carbonization and exhaust.
[0015] A primary flue gas branch is also connected to the outlet pipeline between the bag dust collector and the exhaust gas fan, and the primary flue gas branch is connected to the 2# buffer tank. The 2# buffer tank is connected to the carbonization furnace through the 1# internal circulation fan, the 1# flue gas preheater and the 2# flue gas preheater in sequence by pipelines to form a primary flue gas internal circulation system. The operating temperature in the carbonization furnace is guaranteed by the primary flue gas internal circulation and the oxygen content of the carbonization furnace 2 is reduced as much as possible; in addition, a secondary flue gas branch is also connected to the 1# buffer tank on the outlet pipeline of the bag dust collector, and is connected to the 2# internal circulation fan and the combustion chamber in sequence by pipelines to form a secondary flue gas internal circulation system. This structure can ensure that the combustion chamber operates at a low oxygen content, thereby reducing the flue gas volume and nitrogen oxide content in the combustion chamber.
[0016] Furthermore, the feeding device needs to be sealed to feed the material and reduce air leakage of the system.
[0017] Furthermore, the 1# flue gas preheater and the 2# flue gas preheater are both partition-type heat exchange devices, the 1# flue gas preheater is arranged close to the waste heat boiler, and the 1# flue gas preheater uses the heat of the waste heat boiler to increase the temperature, and the 2# flue gas preheater is arranged close to the combustion chamber, and the 2# flue gas preheater uses the heat of the combustion chamber to increase the temperature.
[0018] Furthermore, the flue gas outlet temperature of the bag filter is 200°C to 250°C, the outlet temperature of the 2# flue gas preheater is 450°C to 500°C, and the carbonization furnace is an internal heating carbonization furnace with an operating temperature of 500°C to 550°C.
[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature-increasing burner, which is used to further supplement heat to the 2# flue gas preheater; an oxygen meter and a carbonization furnace inlet thermometer are provided on the pipeline between the 2# flue gas preheater and the carbonization furnace, and the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is connected to the temperature-increasing burner and the steam device signal through a PLC control system. When the flue gas temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is lower than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the start of the temperature-increasing burner for supplementary combustion, so as to supplement heat to the 2# flue gas preheater to increase the temperature of its outlet flue gas; when the flue gas temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is higher than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the start of the steam device to pass water vapor into the carbonization furnace for cooling.
[0020] When the temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is lower than 450℃, start the burner for supplementary combustion to increase the temperature. When the temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is higher than 550℃, start the steam device for cooling to ensure that the temperature in the carbonization furnace is between 500℃ and 550℃.
[0021] Furthermore, the temperature increasing burner adopts a low nitrogen burner, and the fuel is natural gas or hydrogen.
[0022] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided on the pipeline between the waste heat boiler and the bag-type dust collector, so that the flue gas can only flow from the waste heat boiler to the bag-type dust collector.
[0023] Furthermore, a waste heat boiler oxygen meter is provided on the pipeline at the outlet of the waste heat boiler, and a dust collector outlet thermometer is provided on the pipeline at the outlet of the bag filter.
[0024] Furthermore, a 1# smoke regulating valve is provided on the secondary smoke branch, and an air intake pipe with a 2# smoke regulating valve is also connected to the pipeline between the 1# smoke regulating valve and the 1# buffer tank.
[0025] Furthermore, it also includes an air preheater, which is a partition heat exchanger structure, including a hot flue gas channel and an air channel. The exhaust gas fan is connected to the chimney through a pipeline through the hot flue gas channel of the air preheater, and an air inlet pipe with a 2# flue gas regulating valve is connected to the air channel of the air preheater.
[0026] Furthermore, the waste heat boiler oxygen meter is connected to the 1# flue gas regulating valve and the 2# flue gas regulating valve signal through the PLC control system. When the waste heat boiler oxygen meter detects that the flue gas oxygen content is lower than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the adjustment of the 2# flue gas regulating valve to adjust the flow of the input air; when the waste heat boiler oxygen meter detects that the flue gas oxygen content is higher than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the adjustment of the 1# flue gas regulating valve until the flue gas oxygen content detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter rises to the set value range. Under normal circumstances, the flue gas oxygen content measured by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter is between 4% and 6%. When it is lower than 4%, the 1# and 2# flue gas regulating valves are adjusted to increase the flue gas oxygen content measured by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%. When it is higher than 6%, the 2# flue gas regulating valve is adjusted to reduce the flue gas oxygen content measured by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%.
[0027] Furthermore, the 1# internal circulation fan, the 2# internal circulation fan and the exhaust gas fan are all variable frequency fans.
[0028] The present application discloses a method for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system, comprising the following specific steps:
[0029] 1) Under normal working conditions, the material enters the carbonization furnace from the feeding device, and after passing through the high temperature inside the carbonization furnace, part of it forms the product carbonized material, and part of it becomes combustible gas. The combustible gas enters the combustion chamber for combustion, and the high-temperature flue gas generated passes through the waste heat boiler, one-way valve, tail gas fan, air preheater, and chimney in turn before being discharged;
[0030] 2) A part of the flue gas from the bag filter passes through the circulation route of 2# buffer tank, 1# internal circulation fan, 1# flue gas preheater, 2# flue gas preheater, carbonization furnace, combustion chamber, waste heat boiler, one-way valve, bag filter, and 1# internal circulation fan to ensure the operating temperature in the carbonization furnace; 1# internal circulation fan controls the amount of flue gas entering the carbonization furnace to ensure that the fluctuation of the bag filter affects the operation of the carbonization furnace as little as possible.
[0031] 3) Another part of the flue gas from the bag filter passes through the circulation route of 1# buffer tank, 2# internal circulation fan, combustion chamber, waste heat boiler, one-way valve, bag filter, and 2# internal circulation fan, using the waste heat of the flue gas and reducing the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas through flue gas circulation.
[0032] The waste heat boiler oxygen meter is connected to the 1# flue gas regulating valve and the 2# flue gas regulating valve signal through the PLC control system to control the flue gas volume (mixed gas of flue gas and air) entering the combustion chamber, ensuring the normal combustion of the combustion chamber and ensuring the minimum impact of the combustion chamber on the carbonization furnace by adjusting the flue gas circulation volume. Under normal circumstances, the oxygen content of flue gas detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter is between 4% and 6%. When it is lower than 4%, the 1# and 2# flue gas regulating valves are adjusted to increase the oxygen content of flue gas detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%. When it is higher than 6%, the 2# flue gas regulating valve is adjusted to reduce the oxygen content of flue gas detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%.
[0033] The carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is interlocked with the temperature-increasing burner and the steam device. When the temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is lower than 450°C, the temperature-increasing burner is started for supplementary combustion. When the temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer is higher than 550°C, the steam device is started for cooling to ensure that the temperature in the carbonization furnace is between 500°C and 550°C.
[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0035] The present invention recovers the waste heat of the first part of the flue gas through the internal circulation 1 of the flue gas, ensures the reaction temperature and low oxygen content operation in the carbonization furnace, reduces the loss of carbonized raw materials in the reaction process, ensures the yield of carbonized materials and saves energy; recovers the waste heat of the second part of the flue gas and the third part (recovered by the air preheater) of the flue gas through the internal circulation 2 of the flue gas, reduces the flue gas volume and nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber, ensures the smallest and most appropriate selection of the incineration system, and reduces the construction cost and operation cost of the entire system. By circulating the flue gas after the bag filter, dust or tar is avoided from clogging the flue. By controlling the system through quantitative factors, the quality of the product and the stability of the system can be ensured.
[0036] The present invention uses the flue gas after the bag filter to circulate, which can avoid dust or tar from blocking the flue. By controlling the system through quantitative factors, the quality of the product and the stability of the system can be ensured. By setting a one-way valve, the influence of pressure fluctuations in the bag filter on the system can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Figure 1 Flow chart of conventional internal heating carbonization furnace coupled incineration system;
[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system for energy saving and consumption reduction in the present application;
[0039] Figure 2In: 1. Feeding device; 2. Carbonization furnace; 3. Combustion chamber; 4. Waste heat boiler; 5. Waste heat boiler oxygen meter; 6. Bag filter; 7. 2# internal circulation fan; 8. 1# flue gas regulating valve; 9. 2# flue gas regulating valve; 10. Chimney; 11. Air preheater; 12. Exhaust fan; 13. Dust collector outlet thermometer; 14. 1# internal circulation fan; 15. 1# flue gas preheater; 16. Heating burner; 17. 2# flue gas preheater; 18. Carbonization furnace inlet oxygen meter; 19. Carbonization furnace inlet thermometer; 20. Steam device; 21. 1# buffer tank; 22. 2# buffer tank; 23. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a system for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system includes a feeding device 1, a carbonization furnace 2, a combustion chamber 3, a waste heat boiler 4, a waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5, a bag filter 6, a 2# internal circulation fan 7, a 1# flue gas regulating valve 8, a 2# flue gas regulating valve 9, a chimney 10, an air preheater 11, an exhaust gas fan 12, a dust collector outlet thermometer 13, a 1# internal circulation fan 14, a 1# flue gas preheater 15, a temperature increasing burner 16, a 2# flue gas preheater 17, a carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 18, a carbonization furnace inlet oxygen meter 19, a steam device 20, a 1# buffer tank 21, a 2# buffer tank 22, and a one-way valve 23.
[0042] The material to be carbonized is transported into the carbonization furnace 2 by the feeding device 1, and is carbonized in the high temperature environment inside the carbonization furnace 2 to form product carbonized material and combustible gas. The product carbonized material is discharged from the bottom discharge port of the carbonization furnace 2, and the combustible gas enters the combustion chamber 3 for combustion. The generated high-temperature flue gas is sequentially processed by the waste heat boiler 4, the one-way valve 23, the bag filter 6, the exhaust fan 12 and the chimney 10 before being discharged, forming a main route system for material carbonization and exhaust.
[0043] A primary flue gas branch is also connected to the outlet pipeline between the bag filter 6 and the exhaust fan 12, and the primary flue gas branch is connected to the 2# buffer tank 22. The 2# buffer tank 22 is connected to the carbonization furnace 2 through the 1# internal circulation fan 14, the 1# flue gas preheater 15 and the 2# flue gas preheater 17 in sequence by pipelines to form a primary flue gas internal circulation system. The primary flue gas internal circulation ensures the operating temperature in the carbonization furnace and reduces the oxygen content of the carbonization furnace 2 as much as possible. In addition, a secondary flue gas branch is also connected to the outlet pipeline between the bag filter 6 and the exhaust fan 12, and the secondary flue gas branch is connected to the 1# buffer tank 21. The 1# buffer tank 21 is connected to the 2# internal circulation fan 7 and the combustion chamber 3 in sequence by pipelines to form a secondary flue gas internal circulation system. This structure can ensure that the combustion chamber 3 is in a low oxygen content operation, thereby reducing the flue gas volume and nitrogen oxide content in the combustion chamber 3.
[0044] Both the 1# flue gas preheater 15 and the 2# flue gas preheater 17 are partition-type heat exchange devices. The 1# flue gas preheater 15 is arranged close to the waste heat boiler 4, and the 1# flue gas preheater 15 uses the heat of the waste heat boiler 4 to increase the temperature. The 2# flue gas preheater 17 is arranged close to the combustion chamber 3, and the 2# flue gas preheater 17 uses the heat of the combustion chamber 3 to increase the temperature.
[0045] The temperature-increasing burner 16 adopts a low-nitrogen burner, and the fuel is natural gas or hydrogen. The temperature-increasing burner 16 is used to further supplement heat to the 2# flue gas preheater 17; the pipeline between the 2# flue gas preheater 17 and the carbonization furnace 2 is provided with a carbonization furnace inlet oxygen meter 18 and a carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 19, and the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 19 is connected to the temperature-increasing burner 16 and the steam device 20 through the PLC control system. When the flue gas temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 19 is lower than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the start of the temperature-increasing burner 16 for supplementary combustion, and to supplement heat to the 2# flue gas preheater 17 to increase the temperature of its outlet flue gas; when the flue gas temperature detected by the carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 19 is higher than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the start of the steam device 20 to pass water vapor into the carbonization furnace 2 for cooling.
[0046] The outlet pipeline between the bag filter 6 and the exhaust fan 12 is connected to a secondary flue gas branch, which is provided with a 1# flue gas regulating valve 8 and connected to the combustion chamber 3 in turn by pipelines through the 1# buffer tank 21 and the 2# internal circulation fan 7 to form a secondary flue gas internal circulation system. The pipeline between the 1# flue gas regulating valve 8 and the 1# buffer tank 21 is also connected to an air intake pipe with a 2# flue gas regulating valve 9. The air preheater 11 is a partition heat exchanger structure, including a hot flue gas channel and an air channel. The exhaust fan 12 is connected to the chimney 10 by a pipeline through the hot flue gas channel of the air preheater 11, and the air intake pipe with the 2# flue gas regulating valve 9 is connected to the air channel of the air preheater 11.
[0047] The waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5 is connected with the 1# flue gas regulating valve 8 and the 2# flue gas regulating valve 9 by signal through the PLC control system. When the waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5 detects that the flue gas oxygen content is lower than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the adjustment of the 1# and 2# flue gas regulating valves 9 to adjust the air input flow rate; when the waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5 detects that the flue gas oxygen content is higher than the set value, the PLC control system is used to feedback and control the adjustment of the 2# flue gas regulating valve 8 until the flue gas oxygen content detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5 rises to within the set value range.
[0048] Under normal working conditions, the material enters the carbonization furnace 2 from the feeding device 1, and after passing through the high temperature inside the carbonization furnace 2, part of the material is formed into products, and part of the material is transformed into combustible gas. The combustible gas enters the combustion chamber 3 for combustion, and the high-temperature flue gas generated is processed in sequence through the waste heat boiler 4, the one-way valve 23, the bag filter 6, the tail gas fan 12, the air preheater 11, and the chimney 10 before being discharged; part of the flue gas passes through the 2# buffer tank 22, the 1# flue gas preheater 15, the 2# flue gas preheater 17, and the carbonization furnace 2 under the action of the 1# internal circulation fan 14 to ensure the operating temperature inside the carbonization furnace. Part of the flue gas passes through the combustion chamber 3, the waste heat boiler 4, the bag filter 6, the 1# buffer tank 21, and the 2# internal circulation fan 7 under the action of the 2# internal circulation fan 7 to reduce the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas by using the waste heat of the flue gas and the flue gas circulation.
[0049] The 1# internal circulation fan 14 controls the amount of flue gas entering the carbonization furnace to ensure that the fluctuation of the bag filter has the smallest possible impact on the operation of the carbonization furnace. The 2# internal circulation fan 7 is interlocked with the 1# flue gas regulating valve 8 and the 2# flue gas regulating valve 9 to control the amount of flue gas (a mixture of flue gas and air) entering the combustion chamber to ensure normal combustion in the combustion chamber 3, and minimize the impact of the combustion chamber on the carbonization furnace 3 by adjusting the flue gas circulation volume.
[0050] The carbonization furnace inlet thermometer 19 is interlocked with the temperature increasing burner 16 and the steam device 20. When the temperature is low, the temperature increasing burner 16 is started for supplementary combustion. When the temperature is high, the steam device 20 is started for cooling to ensure that the temperature in the carbonization furnace is between 500°C and 550°C.
[0051] The waste heat boiler oxygen meter 5 is interlocked with the 1# flue gas regulating valve 8 and the 2# flue gas regulating valve 9. Under normal circumstances, the waste heat boiler oxygen meter detects the flue gas oxygen content in the range of 4% to 6%. When it is lower than 4%, the 1# and 2# flue gas regulating valves are adjusted to increase the flue gas oxygen content detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%. When it is higher than 6%, the 2# flue gas regulating valve is adjusted to reduce the flue gas oxygen content detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter to 4% to 6%.
[0052] In this embodiment, the 1# internal circulation fan 14, the 2# internal circulation fan 7 and the exhaust fan 12 are all variable frequency fans. The 1# flue gas preheater 15 and the 2# flue gas preheater 17 are partition type heat exchange devices, and the temperature increasing burner 16 adopts a low nitrogen burner, and the fuel is pure combustible substances such as natural gas and hydrogen.
[0053] The temperature of the bag filter outlet thermometer 13 needs to be controlled between 200°C and 250°C.
[0054] The one-way valve 23 adopts a specific device formulated by the Tesla valve group.
[0055] The flue gas flow rate in the 1# buffer tank 21 and the 2# buffer tank 22 needs to be controlled at ≤5m / s.
[0056] The present invention adds a primary flue gas internal circulation and a secondary flue gas internal circulation on the basis of the original carbonization system. The primary flue gas internal circulation recovers part of the flue gas waste heat, ensures the reaction temperature in the carbonization furnace and the oxygen content as low as possible, reduces the loss of carbonized raw materials during the reaction process, ensures the yield of carbonized materials and saves energy; the secondary flue gas internal circulation recovers part of the flue gas waste heat, reduces the flue gas volume and nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber, ensures the smallest and most appropriate selection of the incineration system, and reduces the construction cost and operation cost of the entire system. The flue gas after the bag filter is circulated to avoid dust or tar from clogging the flue. By controlling the system through quantitative factors, the quality of the product and the stability of the system can be ensured. By setting a one-way valve, the influence of pressure fluctuations in the bag on the system can be avoided.
[0057] The contents described in this specification are merely an enumeration of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as being limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments.
Claims
1. A system for energy saving and consumption reduction of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled with an incineration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carbonization furnace (2), a combustion chamber (3), a waste heat boiler (4), a bag filter (6), an exhaust fan (12) and a chimney (10) which are connected in sequence by pipelines, wherein the inlet of the carbonization furnace (2) is respectively connected to a steam device (20) and a feeding device (1), and the steam device (20) is used to introduce water vapor into the carbonization furnace (2) for extinguishing fire or cooling; The material to be carbonized is transported by a feeding device (1) into a carbonization furnace (2), where it is carbonized in a high-temperature environment inside the carbonization furnace (2) to form a carbonized material product and combustible gas. The activated carbon product is discharged from a bottom discharge port of the carbonization furnace (2), and the combustible gas enters a combustion chamber (3) for combustion. The generated high-temperature flue gas is sequentially processed by a waste heat boiler (4), a bag filter (6), an exhaust fan (12) and a chimney (10) before being discharged, thereby forming a main route system for material carbonization and exhaust. The outlet pipeline between the bag filter (6) and the exhaust fan (12) is also connected to a primary flue gas branch, the primary flue gas branch is connected to the 2# buffer tank (22), the 2# buffer tank (22) is connected to the carbonization furnace (2) in sequence by pipelines through the 1# internal circulation fan (14), the 1# flue gas preheater (15) and the 2# flue gas preheater (17) to form a primary flue gas internal circulation system, the primary flue gas internal circulation is used to ensure the operating temperature in the carbonization furnace and to reduce the oxygen content in the carbonization furnace (2) as much as possible; in addition, the outlet pipeline of the bag filter is also connected to a secondary flue gas branch, the secondary flue gas branch is connected to the 1# buffer tank (21), the 1# buffer tank (21) is connected to the 2# internal circulation fan (7) and the combustion chamber (3) in sequence by pipelines to form a secondary flue gas internal circulation system, this structure can ensure that the combustion chamber (3) is in a low oxygen content operation, thereby reducing the flue gas volume and nitrogen oxide content in the combustion chamber (3).
2. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The 1# flue gas preheater (15) and the 2# flue gas preheater (17) are both partition-type heat exchange devices. The 1# flue gas preheater (15) is arranged close to the waste heat boiler (4), and the 1# flue gas preheater (15) uses the heat of the waste heat boiler (4) to increase the temperature. The 2# flue gas preheater (17) is arranged close to the combustion chamber (3), and the 2# flue gas preheater (17) uses the heat of the combustion chamber (3) to increase the temperature.
3. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a temperature increasing burner (16), the temperature increasing burner (16) being used to further supplement heat to the No. 2 flue gas preheater (17); an oxygen meter (18) at the inlet of the carbonizing furnace and a thermometer (19) at the inlet of the carbonizing furnace are arranged on the pipeline between the No. 2 flue gas preheater (17) and the carbonizing furnace (2); the thermometer (19) at the inlet of the carbonizing furnace is connected to the temperature increasing burner (16) and the steam device (20) by signals through a PLC control system; when the flue gas temperature detected by the thermometer (19) at the inlet of the carbonizing furnace is lower than a set value, the temperature increasing burner (16) is started and controlled by the PLC control system to perform supplementary combustion, thereby supplementing heat to the No. 2 flue gas preheater (17) to increase the temperature of the flue gas at its outlet; when the flue gas temperature detected by the thermometer (19) at the inlet of the carbonizing furnace is higher than a set value, the steam device (20) is started and controlled by the PLC control system to introduce water vapor into the carbonizing furnace (2) to reduce the temperature.
4. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The temperature increasing burner (16) is a low nitrogen burner, and the fuel is natural gas or hydrogen.
5. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A one-way valve (23) is provided on the pipeline between the waste heat boiler (4) and the bag dust collector (6), so that the flue gas can only flow from the waste heat boiler (4) to the bag dust collector (6).
6. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A waste heat boiler oxygen meter (5) is provided on the outlet pipeline of the waste heat boiler (4), and a bag filter outlet thermometer (13) is provided on the outlet pipeline of the bag filter (6).
7. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The secondary flue gas branch is provided with a 1# flue gas regulating valve (8), and the pipeline between the 1# flue gas regulating valve (8) and the 1# buffer tank (21) is also connected to an air intake pipe with a 2# flue gas regulating valve (9).
8. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an air preheater (11), which is a partition heat exchanger structure, including a hot flue gas channel and an air channel. The exhaust fan (12) is connected to the chimney (10) through a pipeline via the hot flue gas channel of the air preheater (11), and an air intake pipe with a No. 2 flue gas regulating valve (9) is connected to the air channel of the air preheater (11).
9. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The waste heat boiler oxygen meter (5) is connected to the No. 1 flue gas regulating valve (8) and the No. 2 flue gas regulating valve (9) by signals through a PLC control system. When the oxygen content of the flue gas detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter (5) is lower than a set value, the No. 1 and No. 2 flue gas regulating valves (9) are fed back and controlled to adjust the air input flow rate through the PLC control system; when the oxygen content of the flue gas detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter (5) is higher than a set value, the No. 2 flue gas regulating valve (8) is fed back and controlled to adjust the flue gas oxygen content detected by the waste heat boiler oxygen meter (5) until it rises to within the set value range.
10. The energy-saving and consumption-reducing system of a biomass carbonization furnace coupled incineration system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The 1# internal circulation fan (14), the 2# internal circulation fan (7) and the exhaust gas fan (12) are all variable frequency fans.