Universal electrode clamping plate capable of automatically aligning

Abstract

The utility model relates to a universal electrode clamping plate capable of automatically aligning, which comprises a fixed seat, a clamping part and a connecting piece, and the clamping part is universally connected with the fixed seat through the connecting piece. The two clamping plates can move in the left-right direction to adapt to the graphite electrode with the position changing in the left-right direction, so that the two sides of the graphite electrode are attached to the clamping parts, the two sides of the graphite electrode are evenly stressed, and the problems that the other side of the graphite electrode is not attached, and the stress on the other side of the graphite electrode is too large due to the fact that the position of the graphite electrode deviates are solved; the clamping part rotates in all directions relative to the fixing base so as to adapt to the graphite electrode with the vertical axis and the front-back axis inclined in angle, the clamp can be automatically aligned with the graphite electrode under driving of the driving device, and the clamping part can be completely attached to the planes of the left side and the right side of the graphite electrode. Damage to the graphite electrode caused by excessive extrusion of the clamping part to the graphite electrode is avoided, and electric energy loss caused by too small non-fitting contact area is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of power transmission devices for Acheson graphitization furnaces, in particular to a universal electrode clamping plate capable of automatically aligning. Background Art

[0002] Acheson graphitization furnace is a resistance furnace that uses carbon roasted products and resistor materials as the furnace core, passes AC power, and produces artificial graphite products. When the current passes through the resistance of the furnace core, the electrical energy is converted into heat energy, heating the carbon roasted products to a high temperature of 2300-3000℃, completing the graphitization process and forming artificial graphite products. The Chinese name is AC graphitization furnace, and it is also customarily called Acheson furnace.

[0003] Acheson furnaces are intermittently operated. In one production cycle, they have to go through processes such as furnace loading, power supply, cooling, furnace unloading, and maintenance, which takes a total of 12 to 15 days, and power supply only takes 3 to 5 days. Generally, one transformer can be equipped with 5 to 7 furnaces of the same specifications to form a furnace group, and a furnace group is a production unit. During production, the transformer runs continuously and the furnaces work in turn; usually one furnace in a furnace group is in the power-on state, and the other furnaces are in the states of furnace loading, cooling, loading and unloading or maintenance; after one furnace is finished working, power is supplied to the next furnace.

[0004] Each furnace has multiple rows and columns of rectangular graphite electrodes (such as Fig.16 As shown in the figure, the electrodes are used for wiring; a set of rectangular cross-section busbars (aluminum bars) are suspended at both ends of the furnace group, and the transformer supplies power to the furnace group through the busbars. Each furnace group is usually equipped with two Acheson furnace transmission cars, which can run along the steel rails on the ground at both ends of the furnace group and can stop at the end of any furnace in the furnace group; the transmission car is equivalent to a large mobile combination switch, connecting the transformer power transmission busbar (the busbar is divided into upper and lower types) and the furnace's graphite electrode to energize the furnace.

[0005] The busbar clamping mechanism and electrode clamping mechanism are installed on the power transmission car, which can clamp the power transmission busbar and the graphite electrode of the furnace respectively; the busbar clamping mechanism and the electrode clamping mechanism are connected by a conductive copper plate or cable. Due to the masonry error of the Acheson furnace and long-term use, the graphite electrode may change position or deflect; similarly, the installation error of the busbar relative to the furnace and long-term use will also cause the busbar to change position and deflect. Fig.16 As shown, Fig.16 The graphite electrodes 9 at the upper left corner and the upper right corner have changed their positions, and the graphite electrodes 9 at the lower left corner and the lower right corner have deviated.

[0006] If the contact surface between the electrode clamping mechanism and the electrode does not match, the graphite electrode will be easily broken due to the unbalanced load, shortening its service life; and additional loss of electric energy will be caused due to poor contact. If the busbar clamping mechanism does not have good contact with the clamping surface of the busbar, it will cause excessive oxidation of the busbar and additional loss of electric energy. Therefore, the clamping mechanism of the busbar and the electrode is required to have a follow-up function that can deflect with the deflection of the busbar or the graphite electrode, so that the clamping mechanism is always in close contact with the busbar and the electrode, and clamps stably and reliably. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to solve the above problems and provides a universal electrode clamping plate capable of automatically aligning, thereby solving the above problems.

[0008] A universal electrode clamp capable of automatic alignment comprises: a fixed seat, a clamping portion, a first spherical component and a second spherical component, wherein the first spherical component is fixed relative to the fixed seat, the first spherical component forms a first spherical surface, the second spherical component is fixed relative to the clamping portion, the second spherical component forms a second spherical surface, and the first spherical surface and the second spherical surface are rotatably connected and fit together.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting member, which is used to limit the second spherical member from being out of contact with the first spherical member.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a nut, a gasket, an elastic element and a threaded member, the threaded member passes through the fixed seat and is threadedly connected to the second spherical member, one end of the elastic element contacts the fixed seat or the first spherical member, and the other end contacts the gasket, the nut is threadedly connected to the threaded member and contacts one end of the gasket away from the elastic element.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic element is a disc spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping part includes an electrode plate and a water tank, the electrode plate and the water tank are fixedly connected, and the second spherical member is fixedly connected to the water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a joint, the water tank includes a second copper plate and a side piece, a water storage chamber is formed between the second copper plate and the side piece, the side piece and the second copper plate are fixedly connected, and the joint is fixedly connected to the water tank and communicates with the water storage chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the water tank also includes a first copper plate, the first copper plate is fitted and fixedly connected to the electrode plate, and the first copper plate is fixedly connected to a side of the side piece away from the second copper plate.

[0015] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The two clamps can move left and right to adapt to the graphite electrode with changing position in the left and right directions, so that both sides of the graphite electrode fit with the clamping part and both sides are evenly stressed, which solves the problem of the other side not fitting and the other side being overstressed due to the position offset of the graphite electrode.

[0017] 2. The clamping part rotates universally relative to the fixed seat to adapt to the graphite electrode with tilted angles in the up and down direction axis and the front and back direction axis. The clamp can automatically align with the graphite electrode under the drive of the driving device, so that the clamping part can completely fit with the left and right side planes of the graphite electrode, avoiding damage to the graphite electrode caused by excessive squeezing of the graphite electrode by the clamping part and avoiding power loss caused by small contact area. The automatic alignment function takes less time and is highly efficient during clamping, without the need for manual adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one embodiment of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp;

[0020] Figure 2 : Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp;

[0021] Figure 3 : Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the clamp;

[0022] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional explosion structure of the splint;

[0023] Figure 5 : Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sectional three-dimensional structure of a local portion of a splint;

[0024] Figure 6 : Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the splint;

[0025] Figure 7 : Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional three-dimensional structure;

[0026] Figure 8 : Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part;

[0027] Fig. 9 : Schematic diagram of the top view of the clamp;

[0028] Fig.10 : The second schematic diagram of the top view of the clamp;

[0029] Fig.11 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the splint;

[0030] Fig.12 : Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a splint;

[0031] Fig.13 : Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Fig.14 : Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a splint;

[0033] Fig.15 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp assembly;

[0034] Fig.16 : Schematic diagram of the main structure of the graphite electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 16 As shown, a universal electrode clamp capable of automatically aligning includes: a fixed seat 2, a clamping portion 3, a first spherical member 22 and a second spherical member 33, wherein the first spherical member 22 is fixed relative to the fixed seat 2, the first spherical member 22 is formed with a first spherical surface 221, the second spherical member 33 is fixed relative to the clamping portion 3, the second spherical member 33 is formed with a second spherical surface 331, the first spherical surface 221 and the second spherical surface 331 are rotatably connected and fit together. Fig.16 The lower left corner and the lower right corner deflect around an axis in the front-to-back direction, and may also deflect around the up-to-down direction axis at the same time. The clamping part 3 that can rotate around the front-to-back axis and the up-to-down direction axis can completely fit with the left and right side planes of the graphite electrode 9, avoiding excessive squeezing of the graphite electrode 9 by the clamping part 3 to cause damage to the graphite electrode 9 and avoiding power loss caused by too small contact area without fitting.

[0040] When the electrode is clamped, the first spherical surface 221 and the second spherical surface 331 are always tightly fitted, and the spherical casting 33 can make the clamping part 3 have a tilt range, which can be used to clamp the graphite electrode 9 with an uneven surface or a certain tilt angle, and the second spherical part 33 can be adaptively rotated and adjusted according to the shape of the graphite electrode 9 to ensure the stability of the clamping.

[0041] Alternatively, if Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the first spherical surface 221 of the first spherical member 22 is a spherical concave surface, and the second spherical surface 331 of the second spherical member 33 is a spherical convex surface.

[0042] Alternatively, if Figure 12 to Figure 14 As shown, the first spherical surface 221 of the first spherical member 22 is a spherical convex surface, and the second spherical surface 331 of the second spherical member 33 is a spherical concave surface.

[0043] The radii of the spherical convex surface and the spherical concave surface are the same.

[0044] Furthermore, a limiting member 23 is included, and the limiting member is used to limit the second spherical member 33 from being out of contact with the first spherical member 22 .

[0045] Furthermore, the limiting member 23 includes a nut 231, a gasket 232, an elastic element 233 and a threaded member 234. The threaded member 234 passes through the fixing seat 2 and is threadedly connected to the second spherical member 33. The two ends of the elastic element 233 are respectively in contact with the fixing seat 2 or the first spherical member 22 and the gasket 232. The nut 231 is threadedly connected to the threaded member 234 and is in contact with one end of the gasket 232 away from the elastic element 233.

[0046] Alternatively, if Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the first spherical member 22 and the fixing seat 2 are respectively provided with through holes, and the threaded member 234 passes through the through holes of the first spherical member 22 and the fixing seat 2, and the diameter is smaller than the inner diameters of the two through holes, so that the threaded member 234 can have a certain inclination angle in the through hole. Among them, the inner diameter of the through hole of the first spherical member 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole of the fixing seat 2, one end of the elastic element 233 contacts the first spherical member 22 and is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the other end of the elastic element 233 contacts the gasket 232. The diameters of the gasket 232 and the nut 231 are smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole of the fixing seat 2.

[0047] Alternatively, if Fig.12 and Fig.14 As shown, the fixing seat 2 is formed with a stepped hole, one end of the elastic element 233 is located in the stepped hole and contacts the step surface, and the other end of the elastic element 233 contacts the gasket 232. The screw member 234 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter, and the screw member 234 can swing a certain angle in the stepped hole.

[0048] Preferably, the elastic element 233 is a disc spring. The disc spring has the advantages of small axial size and large elastic element force; one of the two nuts 231 closer to the disc spring can adjust the size of the disc spring force to ensure that the spherical pair is in reliable contact (tightening) and can rotate flexibly; when adjusted to a suitable state, tighten the second nut 231 to prevent loosening.

[0049] Furthermore, the clamping part 3 includes an electrode plate 31 and a water tank 32, the electrode plate 31 and the water tank 32 are fixedly connected, and the second spherical member 33 is fixedly connected to the water tank 32. Since the electrode plate 31 generates a certain amount of heat (80-90°C) when powered on, in order to dissipate the heat of the electrode plate 31 in time, a water tank 32 is installed on one side of the electrode plate 31, and a coolant is injected into the water tank 32 to cool the electrode plate 31 in time.

[0050] Furthermore, it also includes a joint 34, the water tank 32 includes a second copper plate 322 and a side piece 324, a water storage chamber 323 is formed between the second copper plate 322 and the side piece 324, the side piece 324 and the second copper plate 322 are fixedly connected, and the joint 34 is fixedly connected to the water tank 32 and communicates with the water storage chamber 323. The joint 34 is connected to a cold source, and the coolant enters the water tank 32 from one joint 34, and flows out of the water storage chamber 323 from another joint 34 after absorbing heat. The cold source at least includes a water pump and a water storage tank, the output end of the water pump is connected to a joint 34, and the input end of the water pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the water pump is used to pump the coolant in the water storage tank into the water tank 32. Preferably, the water storage tank is a heat exchanger. Preferably, the joint 34 is fixedly connected to the electrode plate 31, and the electrode plate 31 is directly in contact with the coolant, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high. Among them, the conductivity of the coolant is very small and can be ignored.

[0051] Furthermore, the water tank 32 further includes a first copper plate 321 , which is fitted and fixedly connected to the electrode plate 31 , and the first copper plate 321 is fixedly connected to a side of the side piece 324 away from the second copper plate 322 .

[0052] Furthermore, it also includes a lubricating oil cup 24, the fixing seat 2 is formed with a first through hole 21, the first spherical part 22 is formed with a second through hole 222, the first through hole 21 and the second through hole 222 are connected, and the lubricating oil cup 24 is inserted into the first through hole 21 and fixedly connected to the fixing seat 2. The ball head parts are made of high-quality medium carbon steel, and the hardness and wear resistance are improved after heat treatment. After heat treatment, the contact surfaces of the concave and convex spheres are repeatedly ground to achieve a very high roughness. At the same time, high-temperature resistant lubricating grease is regularly added to the contact surface of the spherical pair through the lubricating oil cup 24. These measures greatly reduce the friction between the spherical pairs, so that the rotation resistance of the electrode plate 31 with the graphite electrode 9 is greatly reduced.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 16 As shown, a clamp using a universal electrode clamp that can automatically align includes: a frame and a driving device 5, wherein the fixed seat 2 is fixedly connected to the frame, and the driving device 5 is respectively connected to the two frames and drives the clamping parts 3 corresponding to the two frames to move relative to each other, so that the two clamping parts 3 clamp the graphite electrode 9, and the clamping parts 3 corresponding to the two frames are arranged facing each other.

[0054] Preferably, the driving device 5 is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0055] Alternatively, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Fig.15 As shown, it also includes a positioning rod 421 and a clamp support column 6, the frame body includes a fixed frame 1, a driving part 4 and a cross arm 42, the fixed seat 2 is fixedly installed on the fixed frame 1, the driving part 4 includes a support arm 41 and a cross arm 42, the fixed frame 1 is fixedly connected to the support arm 41, the side of the support arm 41 close to one end of the fixed frame 1 is fixedly connected to the cross arm 42, the two cross arms 42 are respectively rotatably connected to the same positioning rod 421, the positioning rod 421 is fixedly connected to the clamp support column 6, the driving device 5 is a hydraulic cylinder, and both ends of the driving device 5 are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the support arm 41 away from the fixed frame 1.

[0056] Preferably, the driving unit 4 further comprises a first fixed shaft 43, the driving unit 4 is fixedly connected to the support arm 41, and the piston rod and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to different first fixed shafts 43. Fig.15As shown, when the electrode needs to be clamped by the clamp, the position of the positioning rod 421 needs to remain unchanged, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder at the bottom of the clamp extends. Since the fixing frames 1 on both sides are hinged by the positioning rod 421, at this time, the fixing frames 1 on both sides rotate along the positioning rod 421, and the two clamping parts 3 approach each other, and clamp the graphite electrode 9 between the two clamping parts 3. During the clamping process, the second spherical part 33 can rotate in a small range on the first spherical surface 221, and can clamp electrodes with an inclined angle or an uneven surface.

[0057] Preferably, the clamp support column 6 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 61 , and the upper and lower ends of the positioning rod 421 are fixedly connected to the fixing plate 61 respectively.

[0058] Alternatively, if Fig. 9 As shown, the driving part 4 includes a connecting arm 44, a support rod 45, a second fixed shaft 46 and a connecting shaft 47. The fixing frames 1 on both sides are respectively hingedly mounted at both ends of the support rod 45. The second fixed shaft 46 is fixedly mounted between the upper and lower support rods 45. The driving device 5 is fixedly mounted at the center of the second fixed shaft 46. The driving device 5 is a hydraulic cylinder. The connecting arm 44 is hingedly mounted at one end of the fixing frame 1 away from the clamping part 3. The connecting shaft 47 is rotatably mounted between the two connecting arms 44. The left and right connecting arms 44 are hingedly connected through the connecting shaft 47. One end of the piston rod of the driving device 5 is hingedly mounted at the center of the connecting shaft 47.

[0059] When the clamping environment of the graphite electrode 9 is different, different driving parts 4 can be selected to meet the needs of driving the clamping plate to clamp the electrode. The position of the support rod 45 needs to remain unchanged, and the piston rod of the driving device 5 extends outward and pushes the connecting shaft 47 away from the support rod 45. Since both ends of the support rod 45 are hinged to the fixing frame 1, when the piston rod of the driving device 5 pushes the connecting shaft 47 to move away from the support rod 45, the connecting arms 44 on both sides rotate and push the fixing frame 1 away from the end of the clamping part 3 to move outward, and the two fixing frames 1 approach each other and clamp the graphite electrode 9 through the clamping part 3.

[0060] Alternatively, if Fig.10As shown, the driving part 4 includes a connecting rod 40, a rotating arm 48 and a rotating shaft 49. The rotating arm 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed frame 1 away from the clamping part 3. The connecting rod 40 passes through the through holes of the left and right rotating arms 48 away from the end of the fixed frame 1, and the diameter of the connecting rod 40 is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole. A driving device 5 (hydraulic cylinder) is hingedly installed at the center of the connecting rod 40; specifically, the cylinder body of the driving device 5 is fixedly installed on the clamp support 6, and one end of the output shaft of the driving device 5 is hinged or fixedly connected to the center of the connecting rod 40. The rotating shaft 49 is fixedly connected to the clamp support 6, and the rotating arm 48 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 49. When the piston rod of the driving device 5 moves inward, the piston rod pulls the connecting rod 40 and drives the fixed frames 1 on both sides to rotate inward, and the two clamping parts 3 approach each other to clamp the graphite electrode 9.

[0061] Optionally, it further comprises a clamp support 6, the frame body comprises a fixing frame 1, and two fixing frames 1 are respectively slidably connected to the clamp support 6. The driving device 5 drives the two fixing frames 1 to move toward each other along a straight line to clamp the graphite electrode 9, and to move away from each other to loosen the graphite electrode 9.

[0062] The clamp assembly includes a plurality of clamps adapted to the graphite electrodes 9 in multiple rows and columns, and the clamp assembly is installed on the power transmission vehicle.

[0063] During operation, when the power transmission vehicle moves to the end of a furnace of the Acheson furnace group, it stops moving when it encounters a limit switch. The opening of the clamp is aligned with the graphite electrode 9 connected to the furnace end, but the clamp assembly is at a safe distance from the end of the graphite electrode. When power is required, the propulsion cylinder pushes the clamp assembly to move linearly toward the graphite electrode 9 until the graphite electrode 9 is located between the two clamping plates of the clamp, and then the clamp assembly stops moving. The graphite electrode 9 is usually multi-row, so the number and arrangement size of the clamps are consistent with the graphite electrode. If the position and size of the graphite electrode group (or busbar) deviates or the electrode is skewed due to furnace masonry errors or busbar installation errors, the clamp plate rotates around the clamp shaft and is first aligned with the electrode. This alignment, because the new utility model has only one clamp shaft and no transmission rod, it has increased flexibility compared to the existing technology with two shafts and two transmission rods.

[0064] The present invention is described above by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any changes or modifications based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal electrode clamp capable of automatically aligning, characterized in that: include: A fixed seat (2), a clamping portion (3), a first spherical member (22) and a second spherical member (33), wherein the first spherical member (22) is fixed relative to the fixed seat (2), the first spherical member (22) forms a first spherical surface (221), the second spherical member (33) is fixed relative to the clamping portion (3), the second spherical member (33) forms a second spherical surface (331), and the first spherical surface (221) and the second spherical surface (331) are rotatably connected and fit each other.

2. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting member (23) for limiting the second spherical member (33) from being out of contact with the first spherical member (22).

3. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member (23) comprises a nut (231), a washer (232), an elastic element (233) and a threaded member (234); the threaded member (234) passes through the fixing seat (2) and is threadedly connected to the second spherical member (33); one end of the elastic element (233) contacts the fixing seat (2) or the first spherical member (22), and the other end contacts the washer (232); the nut (231) is threadedly connected to the threaded member (234) and contacts an end of the washer (232) away from the elastic element (233).

4. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic element (233) is a disc spring.

5. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping portion (3) comprises an electrode plate (31) and a water tank (32), wherein the electrode plate (31) and the water tank (32) are fixedly connected, and the second spherical member (33) is fixedly connected to the water tank (32).

6. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a joint (34), wherein the water tank (32) comprises a second copper plate (322) and a side piece (324), a water storage chamber (323) is formed between the second copper plate (322) and the side piece (324), the side piece (324) and the second copper plate (322) are fixedly connected, and the joint (34) is fixedly connected to the water tank (32) and communicates with the water storage chamber (323).

7. The automatic alignment universal electrode clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water tank (32) further comprises a first copper plate (321), the first copper plate (321) being fitted and fixedly connected to the electrode plate (31), and the first copper plate (321) being fixedly connected to a side of the side piece (324) away from the second copper plate (322).

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