Loading device for bearing ultralow temperature experiment
By setting the inner guide ball and the outer guide ball in the loading device, the problem that the ultra-low temperature test device cannot maintain neutrality after the low temperature settlement is solved, and the precise application of loads and the improvement of test results are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421392745.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-18
AI Technical Summary
After the existing ultra-low temperature test device is cooled at -196°C, due to the low temperature settlement of the test shaft system, it cannot maintain good neutrality with the loading device, resulting in the load being unable to be accurately applied to the bearing, affecting the test results.
A loading device for ultra-low temperature experiments of bearings is designed. By setting a plurality of inner guide balls between the loading cylinder and the inner guide seat, and setting a plurality of outer guide balls between the inner piston and the outer guide seat, the neutrality of the load is ensured.
Through this device, the accuracy of the axial load applied by the test device can be greatly improved, and the neutrality problem caused by low temperature settlement can be avoided, ensuring that the load is accurately applied to the bearing, thereby improving the accuracy of the bearing ultra-low temperature experiment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222599157U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of ultra-low temperature experimental devices for bearings, in particular to a loading device for ultra-low temperature experiments of bearings. Background Art
[0002] The research of ultra-low temperature bearings is one of the important links of aerospace launch systems in various countries. Bearing tests before installation are a necessary link. Ultra-low temperature test technology will inevitably become one of the problems that need to be solved urgently. Liquid nitrogen is -196℃, non-toxic and harmless, safe and stable, easy to prepare, transport and store, and can provide a low temperature environment similar to the working medium of the engine. The ultra-low temperature propellant medium uses liquid nitrogen to simulate operation. However, after the existing test device is ultra-low temperature cooled at -196℃, due to the cryogenic sedimentation of the test shaft system, it cannot maintain good alignment with the loading device. Misaligned loading will generate additional overturning torque on the loading body. Under the action of the overturning torque, the loading body is stuck, resulting in the load not being accurately applied to the bearing, which affects the application of force, the rotation accuracy of the shaft system, the life of the process bearing, the working condition of the test bearing, and ultimately affects the test results. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to provide a loading device for ultra-low temperature experiments of bearings, so as to ensure the centering of the loading force and improve the accuracy of the ultra-low temperature experiments of bearings.
[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above technical problems: a loading device for ultra-low temperature experiment of bearings, comprising a main shaft inserted into a bushing, an experimental bearing and a spacer sleeve being sleeved on the main shaft, an end of the main shaft being provided with an axial end pressure cap, the spacer sleeve and the axial end pressure cap cooperate to clamp the end faces of the inner ring of the experimental bearing on both sides, the inner hole of the bushing being sleeved on the outer ring of the experimental bearing, a loading cylinder being provided on the side of the axial end pressure cap away from the experimental bearing, an inner guide seat being connected to the bushing, the loading cylinder being inserted into the inner hole of the bushing and the inner hole of the inner guide seat at the same time, one end of the loading cylinder being inserted into the bushing presses against the outer ring end face of the experimental bearing, the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder located inside the bushing slidingly fits with the inner hole of the bushing, a plurality of inner guide balls are provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder located inside the inner guide seat and the inner hole of the inner guide seat, and a cover plate for being pushed is provided on the end of the loading cylinder away from the experimental bearing, and a pressure regulating hole is provided on the cover plate;
[0005] The bushing is also connected to a pressure cover, which is connected to a liquid inlet device and an outer guide seat. The outer guide seat is located between the pressure cover and the loading cylinder. An outer piston is inserted on the pressure cover, and an inner piston is inserted in the inner hole of the outer guide seat. The axes of the outer piston and the inner piston coincide with the axis of the main shaft. The outer piston can push the inner piston away from one end of the loading cylinder, so that the other end of the inner piston can push the cover plate to facilitate loading the experimental bearing. A plurality of outer guide balls are arranged between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston and the inner hole of the outer guide seat, and a plurality of springs are arranged on the end surface of the outer guide seat facing the cover plate. A step plate is arranged in the middle of the inner piston, and the end of the spring away from the outer guide seat is pressed against the step plate. The elastic force of the plurality of springs provides the inner piston with a pre-tightening force acting on the cover plate.
[0006] Preferably, the bushing includes an inner bushing and an outer bushing, the inner bushing is sleeved on the outer ring of the experimental bearing, the inner side of the outer bushing is sleeved on the inner bushing, and the outer side of the outer bushing is connected to the frame.
[0007] Preferably, the pressure cover includes an inner pressure cover and an outer pressure cover, the outer end of the outer pressure cover is connected to the outer bushing, the inner end of the outer pressure cover is connected to the inner pressure cover, the outer piston is inserted in the inner hole of the inner pressure cover, the outer guide seat is connected to the inner pressure cover, and the liquid inlet device is installed through the outer pressure cover.
[0008] Preferably, the plurality of springs are evenly spaced and distributed along the circumference of the inner piston, and the axis of the spring is arranged parallel to the axis of the inner piston.
[0009] According to the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0010] The utility model can greatly improve the accuracy of axial load applied by the test device by arranging multiple inner guide balls between the loading cylinder and the inner guide seat, and multiple outer guide balls between the inner piston and the outer guide seat, and avoid the problem of failure to maintain good alignment with the loading device due to low-temperature settlement of the test shaft system. By ensuring the alignment of the loading force, it is possible to avoid additional overturning moment on the loading body, ensure that the load can be accurately applied to the bearing, thereby improving the accuracy of ultra-low temperature experiments of bearings. The device has a simple and reliable structure and can be widely used in other experiments, laying a foundation for ultra-low temperature experiments, and at the same time providing a reference for exploring new loading mechanisms and bearing load application technologies under other environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0012] Markings in the figure: 1. spacer, 2. test bearing, 3. main shaft, 4. shaft end pressure cover, 5. inner bushing, 6. inner guide seat, 7. loading cylinder, 8. inner guide ball, 9. inner piston, 10. spring, 11. outer guide seat, 12. outer guide ball, 13. outer bushing, 14. frame, 15. outer pressure cover, 16. inner pressure cover, 17. outer piston, 18. liquid inlet device, 19. cover plate, 20. pressure regulating hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] With reference to the accompanying drawings, the specific implementation is as follows:
[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, a loading device for ultra-low temperature bearing experiment includes a main shaft 3 inserted into an inner sleeve 5, on which an experimental bearing 2 and a spacer sleeve 1 are sleeved, and an end cover 4 is installed at the end of the main shaft 3. The spacer sleeve 1 and the end cover 4 cooperate to clamp the end faces of the inner ring of the experimental bearing 2, and the inner hole of the inner sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outer ring of the experimental bearing 2.
[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, a loading cylinder 7 is provided on the side of the shaft end pressure cover 4 away from the experimental bearing 2, and an inner guide seat 6 is connected to the inner sleeve 5. The loading cylinder 7 is inserted into the inner hole of the inner sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the inner guide seat 6 at the same time. One end of the loading cylinder 7 inserted into the sleeve presses against the outer ring end face of the experimental bearing 2, and the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder 7 located inside the inner sleeve 5 slides in fit with the inner hole of the inner sleeve 5. A plurality of inner guide balls 8 are provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder 7 located inside the inner guide seat 6 and the inner hole of the inner guide seat 6. A cover plate 19 for being pushed is provided at the end of the loading cylinder 7 away from the experimental bearing 2, and a pressure regulating hole 20 is opened on the cover plate 19.
[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the inner side of the outer bushing 13 is sleeved on the inner bushing 5, and the outer side of the outer bushing 13 is connected to the frame 14. The outer bushing 13 is also connected to the outer gland 15, and the liquid inlet device 18 is installed through the outer gland 15. The inner end of the outer gland 15 is connected to the inner gland 16, and the inner gland 16 is connected to the outer guide seat 11. The outer guide seat 11 is located between the inner gland 16 and the loading cylinder 7. The outer piston 17 is inserted in the inner hole of the inner gland 16, and the inner piston 9 is inserted in the inner hole of the outer guide seat 11. The axes of the outer piston 17 and the inner piston 9 coincide with the axis of the main shaft 3. The outer piston 17 can push the inner piston 9 away from one end of the loading cylinder 7, so that the other end of the inner piston 9 can push the cover plate 19 to facilitate loading the experimental bearing 2.
[0017] like Figure 1As shown, a plurality of outer guide balls 12 are provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston 9 and the inner hole of the outer guide seat 11, and a plurality of springs 10 are provided on the end surface of the outer guide seat 11 facing the cover plate 19. The plurality of springs 10 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the inner piston 9, and the axis of the spring 10 is arranged parallel to the axis of the inner piston 9. A step plate is provided in the middle of the inner piston 9, and one end of the spring 10 away from the outer guide seat 11 is pressed against the step plate, and the elastic force of the plurality of springs 10 provides the inner piston 9 with a preload force acting on the cover plate 19.
[0018] In this embodiment, liquid nitrogen is used to provide an ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen environment for the experimental bearing 2 through a liquid inlet device 18. The inner guide ball 8, the inner guide seat 6 and the loading cylinder 7 are made of the same material to ensure that they have the same expansion amount in an ultra-low temperature environment, avoiding the jamming phenomenon caused by different expansion amounts. The pressure regulating hole 20 can ensure that the cavity pressure of the two cavities is the same, avoiding the cavity pressure from generating additional force; the outer guide ball 12, the outer guide seat 11 and the inner piston 9 are also made of the same material to ensure that they have the same expansion amount in an ultra-low temperature environment, and the guide is flexible. The inner pressure cover 16 and the outer piston 17 are combined with a small gap seal and a skeleton seal to avoid liquid nitrogen leakage and eliminate additional loads. This embodiment solves the loading problem of ultra-low temperature tests, can be widely used in other tests, lays a foundation for ultra-low temperature tests, and provides a reference for exploring new loading mechanisms and bearing load application technologies in other environments.
Claims
1. A loading device for ultra-low temperature bearing experiment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main shaft (3) inserted into a bushing, a test bearing (2) and a spacer (1) being sleeved on the main shaft (3), a shaft end pressure cover (4) being installed at the end of the main shaft (3), the spacer (1) and the shaft end pressure cover (4) cooperating to clamp the end faces of the inner ring of the test bearing (2), the inner hole of the bushing being sleeved on the outer ring of the test bearing (2), a loading cylinder (7) being provided on the side of the shaft end pressure cover (4) away from the test bearing (2), an inner guide seat (6) being connected to the bushing, and the loading cylinder (7) being inserted into the inner hole and the outer ring of the bushing at the same time. In the inner hole of the inner guide seat (6), one end of the loading cylinder (7) is inserted into the bushing and bears against the outer ring end face of the test bearing (2); the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder (7) located inside the bushing is slidably fitted with the inner hole of the bushing; a plurality of inner guide balls (8) are arranged between the outer cylindrical surface of the loading cylinder (7) located inside the inner guide seat (6) and the inner hole of the inner guide seat (6); a cover plate (19) for being pushed is arranged at one end of the loading cylinder (7) away from the test bearing (2); a pressure regulating hole (20) is arranged on the cover plate (19); The bushing is also connected to a gland, which is connected to a liquid inlet device (18) and an outer guide seat (11). The outer guide seat (11) is located between the gland and the loading cylinder (7). An outer piston (17) is inserted into the gland, and an inner piston (9) is inserted into the inner hole of the outer guide seat (11). The axes of the outer piston (17) and the inner piston (9) coincide with the axis of the main shaft (3). The outer piston (17) can push the inner piston (9) away from one end of the loading cylinder (7), so that the other end of the inner piston (9) can push The cover plate (19) is provided to facilitate loading of the test bearing (2); a plurality of outer guide balls (12) are provided between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner piston (9) and the inner hole of the outer guide seat (11); a plurality of springs (10) are provided on the end surface of the outer guide seat (11) facing the cover plate (19); a step plate is provided in the middle of the inner piston (9); one end of the spring (10) away from the outer guide seat (11) is pressed against the step plate; and the elastic force of the plurality of springs (10) provides the inner piston (9) with a preload force acting on the cover plate (19).
2. A loading device for bearing ultra-low temperature experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bushing comprises an inner bushing (5) and an outer bushing (13); the inner bushing (5) is sleeved on the outer ring of the test bearing (2); the inner side of the outer bushing (13) is sleeved on the inner bushing (5); and the outer side of the outer bushing (13) is connected to the frame (14).
3. A loading device for bearing ultra-low temperature experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gland comprises an inner gland (16) and an outer gland (15), the outer end of the outer gland (15) is connected to the outer bushing (13), the inner end of the outer gland (15) is connected to the inner gland (16), the outer piston (17) is inserted into the inner hole of the inner gland (16), the outer guide seat (11) is connected to the inner gland (16), and the liquid inlet device (18) is installed through the outer gland (15).
4. The loading device for bearing ultra-low temperature experiment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of springs (10) are evenly spaced and distributed along the circumference of the inner piston (9), and the axes of the springs (10) are arranged parallel to the axis of the inner piston (9).