Full-immersion energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a full-immersion energy storage device which comprises a compartment body, and an energy storage bin, a top function bin and a bottom function bin are arranged in the compartment body. A liquid storage tank is arranged in the bottom functional bin; an energy storage assembly is arranged in the energy storage bin, and an overflow channel and an immersion channel which are independent of each other are arranged between the energy storage assembly and the compartment body; a top liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the top functional bin, and a top liquid inlet valve is arranged on the top liquid inlet pipe; a first connecting pipe is arranged between the bottom of the immersion channel and the liquid storage tank, and a first control valve is arranged on the first connecting pipe; a second connecting pipe is arranged between the overflow channel and the liquid storage tank; a liquid return pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and a liquid return control valve is arranged on the liquid return pipe; the energy storage assembly comprises at least two layers of energy storage modules, a liquid inlet is formed in each layer of energy storage module, and in every two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the overflow liquid outlet height of the energy storage module located on the lower layer is larger than or equal to the bottom face height of the energy storage module located on the upper layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage, and specifically relates to a fully immersed energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous improvement of my country's energy consumption structure, the energy storage battery industry has shown explosive development, and the safety and stability of energy storage systems have attracted more and more attention. During the charging and discharging process, energy storage batteries will generate a lot of heat due to the existence of ohmic heat and polarization heat. If this heat cannot be diffused in time, it will accumulate inside the battery, which will increase the speed of the side reactions at the interface of the energy storage battery. On the other hand, excessive heat accumulation may cause thermal runaway of the battery. Therefore, efficient heat dissipation measures are an issue that must be considered in the design of energy storage batteries.

[0003] At present, there are two main heat dissipation methods for energy storage systems: air cooling and liquid cooling. Among them, air cooling mainly uses air conditioning for refrigeration, and the cooling medium is air. It has low energy efficiency, large equipment footprint, and poor temperature consistency of energy storage batteries. Liquid cooling uses a cooling plate with water as the cooling medium. The heat is exchanged between the cooling medium flowing in the cooling plate and the energy storage battery. The heat needs to pass through the battery shell and the cooling plate and finally transfer to the cooling medium. The cooling medium then dissipates the heat through the radiator. There are many heat transfer links, large thermal resistance, and low heat exchange efficiency, which leads to higher requirements for radiator performance.

[0004] In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the energy storage system, the immersion energy storage system that immerses the energy storage battery in a liquid medium has been rapidly developed. The immersion energy storage system immerses the energy storage battery in a liquid medium and uses the heat exchange between the liquid medium and the energy storage battery to achieve heat dissipation. However, most of the existing immersion energy storage systems adopt a static immersion method. After a long period of operation, the temperature will gradually rise due to the gradual accumulation of heat in the liquid medium. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a fully submerged energy storage device, which realizes the flow of temperature control medium and full immersion of the energy storage device through overflow, and the fire fighting method performs fire fighting control through multi-level fire fighting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model firstly proposes a fully submerged energy storage device, comprising a box body, wherein the box body is provided with an energy storage bin located in the middle, and a top functional bin and a bottom functional bin located above and below the energy storage bin respectively;

[0008] A liquid storage tank is provided in the bottom functional compartment; an energy storage component is provided in the energy storage compartment, and an overflow channel and an immersion channel independent of each other are provided between the energy storage component and the compartment;

[0009] A top liquid inlet pipe for injecting a temperature control medium into the immersion channel is provided in the top functional compartment, and a top liquid inlet valve is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe; a first connecting pipe is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel and the liquid storage tank, and a first control valve is provided on the first connecting pipe;

[0010] A second connecting pipe is provided between the overflow channel and the liquid storage tank; a liquid return pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and a liquid return control valve is provided on the liquid return pipe;

[0011] The energy storage assembly includes at least two layers of energy storage modules, each layer of the energy storage modules is provided with a liquid inlet, and in two adjacent layers of the energy storage modules, the overflow height of the energy storage module located in the lower layer is greater than or equal to the bottom height of the energy storage module located in the upper layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage module includes a base plate, the bottom surface of which is provided with an overflow structure, and the overflow structure is connected to the overflow channel; in two adjacent layers of the energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer flows into the overflow channel through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

[0013] Furthermore, an upper baffle plate tightly matched with the uppermost energy storage module is provided above the uppermost energy storage module, and the overflow structure is provided on the upper baffle plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the overflow structure is configured as an overflow notch or an overflow hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the overflow notches or overflow holes are arranged at intervals on the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the overflow notch or overflow hole is arranged on the rear edge of the lower surface of the base plate body.

[0017] Furthermore, the liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module, and the overflow channel is arranged between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the compartment.

[0018] Furthermore, a second control valve is provided on the second connecting pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the immersion channels are configured as three independent channels, and the three immersion channels are respectively located between the front side, the left side and the right side of the energy storage assembly and the compartment.

[0020] Furthermore, top liquid inlet branches are respectively provided on the top liquid inlet pipe corresponding to the three immersion channels.

[0021] Furthermore, the first connecting pipes are respectively provided between the three immersion channels and the liquid storage tank.

[0022] Furthermore, a communication port is provided between the tops of the three immersion channels, and the communication port makes the liquid levels of the three immersion channels equal.

[0023] Furthermore, a first liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid inlet port, a second liquid inlet pipe is provided in the compartment, and all of the first liquid inlet pipes are connected to the second liquid inlet pipe; a liquid inlet proportional valve for controlling the liquid inlet flow rate of the corresponding energy storage module is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe and / or the second liquid inlet pipe.

[0024] Furthermore, a safety box is provided in the top functional compartment, and the safety box is connected to the energy storage compartment.

[0025] Furthermore, sensors for detecting gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source are provided in the safety box, in the overflow channel and / or on the top of the energy storage bin.

[0026] Furthermore, the safety box is provided with a safety exhaust valve for exhausting gas out of the box.

[0027] Furthermore, the safety box is provided with an explosion-proof valve which is passively opened when the air pressure reaches a set second air pressure threshold; and the top functional compartment is provided with a releaser for releasing the fire-fighting medium.

[0028] Furthermore, the releaser is an aerosol releaser.

[0029] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor for actually measuring the liquid level is provided in the safety box and / or on the top of the immersion channel.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0031] The fully submerged energy storage device of the utility model is characterized in that the compartment is divided into an energy storage compartment located in the middle and a top functional compartment and a bottom functional compartment located at the upper and lower sides of the energy storage compartment respectively, a liquid storage tank is installed in the bottom functional compartment, a top liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the top functional compartment, and an energy storage component is installed in the energy storage compartment; and the energy storage component is provided with at least two layers of energy storage modules, so that the overflow liquid height of the energy storage module located in the lower layer of the two adjacent layers of energy storage modules is greater than or equal to the bottom surface height of the energy storage module located in the upper layer, so that it can be ensured that there is no air between the two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, and has the following advantages:

[0032] 1) Each layer of energy storage modules is immersed in an overflow manner, so that the liquid inlet pressure of each layer of energy storage modules can be equal or have a small difference, which can ensure that the liquid inlet flow of the temperature control medium of each layer of energy storage modules is more balanced;

[0033] 2) In two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the overflow height of the energy storage module located in the lower layer is greater than or equal to the bottom height of the energy storage module located in the upper layer, ensuring that there is no air between the two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, thereby achieving full immersion of the entire energy storage component. When thermal runaway occurs, the energy storage monomer can be prevented from contacting with the air, thereby improving safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer, the utility model is described with the following drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage module;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the Y direction;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of the A region, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of region A, specifically a schematic diagram of a structure when the overflow structure is an overflow hole;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the X direction;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there is one diversion channel;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there are two diversion channels;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure behind the hidden front cover;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there are three diversion channels;

[0044] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure behind the hidden front cover;

[0045] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower hoop;

[0046] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the fully submerged energy storage device of the utility model;

[0047] Fig.13 for Fig.12 BB cross-sectional view;

[0048] Fig.14 for Fig.12 CC section view;

[0049] Fig.15 for Fig.12 A magnified view of region D;

[0050] Fig.16 for Fig.14 An enlarged view of the E region, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0051] Fig.17 for Fig.14 An enlarged view of the E region is shown, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the overflow structure is an overflow hole.

[0052] Description of reference numerals:

[0053] 10-energy storage monomer; 11-inter-row gap channel; 12-inter-column gap channel; 13-end pressure plate; 14-sealing strip; 15-gasket; 16-upper hoop; 17-lower hoop; 18-liquid inlet; 19-first liquid inlet pipe; 191-liquid inlet proportional valve;

[0054] 20-bottom plate; 21-diversion channel; 22-liquid inlet diversion port; 23-distribution channel; 24-first rough element; 25-second rough element; 251-support column; 26-cover plate; 27-front cover plate; 28-overflow notch; 29-overflow hole;

[0055] 100-box; 101-second liquid inlet pipe; 102-upper baffle;

[0056] 110-energy storage bin; 111-overflow channel; 112-immersion channel; 1121-connecting port; 113-energy storage module;

[0057] 120-top functional compartment; 121-safety box; 122-top liquid inlet pipe; 1221-top liquid inlet branch pipe; 123-top liquid inlet valve; 124-safety exhaust valve; 125-explosion-proof valve;

[0058] 130 - bottom functional compartment; 131 - liquid storage tank; 132 - first connecting pipe; 133 - first control valve; 134 - second connecting pipe; 135 - second control valve; 136 - liquid return pipe; 137 - liquid return control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] like Figure 1-11 As shown, the energy storage module of this embodiment includes a base plate 20 and a battery pack mounted on the base plate 20, the battery pack includes a plurality of energy storage cells 10, and a gap channel is provided in the battery pack between the energy storage cells 10. Specifically, the energy storage cells 10 of this embodiment are arranged in n columns along the X direction and in m rows along the Y direction; when n≥1 and m≥2, an inter-row gap channel 11 is provided between two adjacent rows of energy storage cells 10; when n≥2 and m≥1, an inter-column gap channel 12 is provided between two adjacent columns of energy storage cells 10; the inter-row gap channel 11 and the two ends of the inter-column gap channel 12 are sealed to form a gap channel. Specifically, in this embodiment, end pressure plates 13 are respectively provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the battery assembly perpendicular to the X direction, and the end pressure plates 13 seal the two ends of the inter-column gap channel 12. Sealing strips 14 or sealing plates are respectively provided at the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11, and the sealing strips 14 or sealing plates seal the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11. Specifically, sealing strips 14 are respectively provided at the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 of this embodiment. In this way, the upper and lower ends of the gap channel can be connected.

[0062] In this embodiment, a gasket 15 is provided between two adjacent energy storage cells 10. The gasket 15 forms an inter-row gap channel 11 or an inter-column gap channel 12 between two adjacent energy storage cells 10. At the same time, the gasket 15 is also used to withstand the pressure between the energy storage cells 10 to prevent the energy storage cells 10 from irreversibly expanding and deforming during the charge and discharge process. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper hoop 16 and a lower hoop 17 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the battery pack. The upper hoop 16 and the lower hoop 17 are used to tighten the battery pack so that sufficient pressure is maintained between the energy storage cells 10. Under the pressure, the energy storage cells 10 can be prevented from irreversibly expanding and deforming during the charge and discharge process. Specifically, as Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the gasket 15 is arranged in an array between two adjacent energy storage cells 10, so that the gasket 15 is evenly distributed between the two adjacent energy storage cells 10, and the area of ​​the gasket 15 on the surface of the energy storage cell 10 accounts for 20-80%, preferably 30%-50%, so that it can meet the pressure bearing requirements and make the gap channel and the surface of the energy storage cell 10 have sufficient contact area, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature control medium in the gap channel and the energy storage cell 10. In this embodiment, the area of ​​the gasket 15 on the surface of the energy storage cell 10 accounts for 40%. Of course, in some other embodiments, the gasket 15 can also be arranged in other ways. For example, since the energy storage cell 10 is most likely to expand and deform in the middle of its surface, the gasket 15 can be made denser in the middle of the surface of the energy storage cell 10, which will not be repeated. The gasket 15 of this embodiment adopts a rhombus shape. Of course, in some other embodiments, the gasket 15 can also adopt a square, a regular polygon, a circle, an ellipse, etc.

[0063] The energy storage module also includes a liquid inlet 18 connected to the gap channel. The liquid inlet 18 of this embodiment is arranged on the bottom plate 20. The bottom plate 20 of this embodiment is provided with a liquid inlet shunt channel for distributing the temperature control medium to the inter-row gap channel 11 and the inter-column gap channel 12. Specifically, the liquid inlet shunt channel includes at least one shunt channel 21, and the side wall of the shunt channel 21 is provided with a liquid inlet shunt port 22 connected to the gap channel. Specifically, when the shunt channel 21 is set to one, the liquid inlet 18 is connected to the shunt channel 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 When the diversion channel 21 is set to at least two, the liquid inlet diversion channel includes a distribution channel 23, and all the diversion channels 21 are connected to the distribution channel 23, such as Figure 7-10 Specifically, in this embodiment, the distribution channel 23 is perpendicular to the diversion channel 21. Further, when the diversion channel 21 is provided as one, the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the bottom plate 20, and the side walls of the diversion channel 21 are provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22 respectively, so that the temperature control medium is diverted from the two sides of the diversion channel 21 to the gap channel, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 When there are two diversion channels 21, the two diversion channels 21 are located on both sides of the bottom plate 10, and a liquid diversion port 22 is provided on the inner side walls of the two diversion channels 21 facing each other, so that the temperature control medium enters the gap channel from the inner side walls of the two diversion channels 21 facing each other, as shown in FIG. Figure 7-8 When there are at least three diversion channels 21, all the diversion channels 21 are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, and two of the diversion channels 21 are located on both sides of the bottom plate; specifically, the two sides of the diversion channel 21 located in the middle are respectively provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22, and the inner side walls of the diversion channels 21 located on both sides are provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22; Figure 9-10, which is a schematic structural diagram when there are three diversion channels 21 .

[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, a first rough element 24 for diverting the temperature control medium is provided in the distribution channel 23. The first rough element 24 has the function of diverting the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23, so that the first rough element 24 allows the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23 to enter the diversion channel 21 according to the set flow ratio. Figure 6-10 As shown, in some embodiments, a second rough element 25 for guiding the temperature control medium is provided on the bottom plate 20 corresponding to the shunt channel 21. The second rough element 25 can play a role in supporting the energy storage cell 10 on the one hand, and can shunt the temperature control medium entering from the shunt channel 21 on the other hand, so that the temperature control medium is more evenly distributed in the gap channel, thereby improving the temperature uniformity performance of each energy storage cell 10 in the battery pack. Specifically, a plurality of support columns 251 for supporting the energy storage cell 10 are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the second rough element 25, so that the temperature control medium can flow on the opposite side of the energy storage cell 10 and exchange heat with the bottom surface of the energy storage cell 10. Specifically, the second rough elements 25 are arranged in an array and a bottom plate channel located on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20 is formed between the second rough elements 25. The bottom plate channel 25 includes a first bottom plate channel parallel to the shunt channel 21. In some embodiments, the width of the first bottom plate channel can be gradually increased from front to back or from back to front, and the width variation rule of the first bottom plate channel is the same as the width variation rule of the shunt channel 21. The bottom plate channel also includes a second bottom plate channel perpendicular to the first bottom plate channel. In some embodiments, among two adjacent second bottom plate channels, the width of a second bottom plate channel near the rear end is greater than or less than the width of a second bottom plate channel near the front end, and the width variation pattern of the two adjacent second bottom plate channels is the same as the width variation pattern of the diversion channel 21.

[0065] Specifically, Figure 9-10As shown, the width of the shunt channel 21 gradually increases from front to back or from back to front. The width of the shunt channel 21 of this embodiment gradually increases from front to back. The width variation law of the shunt channel 21 is related to the viscosity of the temperature control medium. If the viscosity of the temperature control medium is low, the width of the shunt channel 21 can be set to gradually increase from back to front; if the viscosity of the temperature control medium is high, the width of the shunt channel 21 can be set to gradually increase from front to back. The width variation law of the shunt channel 21 can be defined by the angle between the side walls on both sides. For example, when the shunt channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the side walls on both sides of the shunt channel 21 is 1°-5°, and the value of this embodiment is 2.2°; when the shunt channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the side walls on both sides of the shunt channel 21 is 0.2°-1°, and the value of this embodiment is 0.4°. The width variation law of the diversion channel 21 can also be defined by the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum width. For example, when the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate 20, the ratio between the maximum width and the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 2-5, and the value in this embodiment is 3.3; when the diversion channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 20, the ratio between the maximum width and the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 1-2, and the value in this embodiment is 1.5.

[0066] Specifically, Figure 6 ,9-10, for the convenience of processing, the shunt channel 21 of this embodiment adopts a groove structure arranged on the bottom plate 20, that is, the shunt channel 21 is a groove arranged on the bottom plate 20; specifically, a cover plate 26 corresponding to the shunt channel 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the battery pack, and the cover plate 26 is arranged on the lower hoop 17, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown. The cover plate 6 covers the groove to form a channel structure. Of course, in some other embodiments, the diversion channel 21 can also be a channel structure directly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, which will not be described in detail. Similarly, in order to facilitate processing, Figure 9-10 As shown, the distribution channel 23 of this embodiment is a groove-shaped structure arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, that is, the distribution channel is a groove arranged on the bottom plate 20, and a front cover plate 27 is arranged on the distribution channel 23, and the front cover plate 27 covers the distribution channel 23, and the liquid inlet 18 is arranged on the front cover plate 27. Of course, in some other embodiments, the distribution channel 23 can also be directly set as a channel structure on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, and the liquid inlet 18 is directly arranged on the distribution channel 23 with a channel structure.

[0067] In this embodiment, an overflow structure is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, the overflow structure can be set as an overflow notch 28, such as Figure 3 It can also be set as an overflow hole 29, such as Figure 4As shown. Overflow notches 28 or overflow holes 29 are arranged at intervals on the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, when the overflow structure is set as overflow notches 28, the liquid inlet end of the overflow notch 28 is located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20, and the overflow liquid outlet end is located on the side of the bottom plate. When the overflow structure is set as overflow holes 29, the overflow holes 29 pass through the bottom surface and the side of the bottom plate 20, and the end of the overflow hole 29 located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is the liquid inlet end, and the end located on the side of the bottom plate 20 is the overflow liquid outlet end. Specifically, in this embodiment, the overflow hole 29 is an inclined hole, and the angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is greater than or equal to 100°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 1.5-5mm. Specifically, the angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 of this embodiment and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is 120°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 2.2mm. Of course, in some other embodiments, the geometric dimensions and inclination angle of the overflow hole 29 can be adjusted according to the application scenario, which will not be described in detail.

[0068] The overflow notch 28 or overflow hole 29 of the present embodiment is arranged on the rear edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20, and the liquid inlet 18 is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate 20. In this way, when at least two layers of energy storage modules constitute an energy storage assembly, and in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer, that is, in the energy storage module, the temperature control medium enters from the front side of the lower end of the gap channel and overflows from the rear side of the upper end of the gap channel, which can make the fluidity of the temperature control medium in the gap channel more balanced and improve the temperature uniformity performance.

[0069] This embodiment also proposes an energy storage assembly, comprising at least two layers of energy storage modules as described above, wherein in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module in the lower layer overflows through an overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

[0070] In this embodiment, the energy storage cell 10 adopts a square shell battery, and the surface of the energy storage cell 10 refers to the surface with the largest surface area in the energy storage cell 10 .

[0071] Example 2

[0072] like Figure 12-17As shown, the fully submerged energy storage device of this embodiment includes a box body 100, in which an energy storage bin 110 located in the middle and a top functional bin 120 and a bottom functional bin 130 located above and below the energy storage bin 110 are respectively provided. Specifically, an energy storage assembly is provided in the energy storage bin 110, a safety box 121 and a top liquid inlet pipe 122 are provided in the top functional bin 120, and a liquid storage tank 131 is provided in the bottom functional bin 130. Specifically, in this embodiment, an overflow channel 111 and an immersion channel 112 independent of each other are provided between the side wall of the energy storage assembly and the inner side wall of the box body 100, and the top liquid inlet pipe 122 is used to inject a temperature control medium into the immersion channel 112. In this embodiment, a top liquid inlet valve 123 is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122; a first connecting pipe 132 is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a first control valve 133 is provided on the first connecting pipe 132; a second connecting pipe 134 is provided between the overflow channel 111 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a valve may not be provided on the second connecting pipe 134. Of course, a second control valve 135 may also be provided on the second connecting pipe 134, which will not be described in detail. A liquid return pipe 136 is connected to the liquid storage tank 131, and a liquid return control valve 137 is provided on the liquid return pipe 136.

[0073] like Fig.13 As shown, in this embodiment, the immersion channels 112 are provided as three independent channels, and the three immersion channels 112 are respectively located between the front side, the left side and the right side of the energy storage assembly and the corresponding inner side of the compartment, while the overflow channel 111 is located between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the inner side of the compartment 100. Top liquid inlet branches 1221 are respectively provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122 corresponding to the three immersion channels 112, which are used to inject temperature control medium into the three immersion channels 112 respectively. First connecting pipes 132 are respectively provided between the three immersion channels 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, which are used to discharge the temperature control medium in the three immersion channels 112 into the liquid storage tank 131 respectively. In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, a connecting port 1121 is provided between the tops of the three immersion channels 112, and the connecting port 1121 makes the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 equal. Specifically, the height of the connecting port 1121 is lower than the preset minimum liquid level in the immersion channel 112 under normal operating conditions. In this way, only one liquid level sensor needs to be provided in the energy storage bin 110 or the top functional bin 120 to detect the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 in real time.

[0074] The energy storage assembly of this embodiment includes at least two layers of energy storage modules 113, each layer of energy storage modules 113 is provided with a liquid inlet 18, and in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, the overflow liquid height of the energy storage module 113 located in the lower layer is greater than or equal to the bottom surface height of the energy storage module 113 located in the upper layer. In this way, it can be ensured that there is no air between the two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, so that under the condition of overflow circulation of the temperature control medium, full immersion of the energy storage module is achieved.

[0075] In this embodiment, a first liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected to the liquid inlet port 18, a second liquid inlet pipe 101 is provided in the compartment 100, and all first liquid inlet pipes 19 are connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 101. Specifically, a liquid inlet proportional valve 191 for controlling the liquid inlet flow rate of the corresponding energy storage module is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and / or the second liquid inlet pipe 101. In this embodiment, the liquid inlet proportional valve 191 is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe 19, and the liquid inlet flow rate of each energy storage module 113 can be controlled separately. Of course, in some other embodiments, the liquid inlet proportional valve can also be provided on the second liquid inlet pipe 101, and the liquid inlet proportional valve can also be provided on the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and the second liquid inlet pipe 101 at the same time, which will not be repeated.

[0076] Specifically, in this embodiment, the energy storage module 113 can adopt the energy storage module as described in Example 1, that is, the energy storage module 113 includes a bottom plate 20, the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is provided with an overflow structure, and the overflow structure is connected to the overflow channel 111; the liquid inlet 18 is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module 113, and the overflow channel 111 is arranged between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the inner side of the compartment 100. In two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module 113 of the lower layer flows into the overflow channel 111 through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module 113 of the upper layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper baffle 102 is provided above the uppermost layer of the energy storage module to be tightly matched therewith, and an overflow structure is provided on the upper baffle 102. Preferably, the overflow structure is arranged at the rear edge position of the upper baffle 1-2, so that the temperature control medium in the uppermost layer of the energy storage module and the overflow liquid are consistent with the energy storage module below. The overflow structure is the same as or equivalent to the overflow structure of the energy storage assembly described in Example 1, and will not be described in detail.

[0077] A safety box 121 is provided in the top functional compartment of the present embodiment, and the safety box 121 is connected to the energy storage compartment 110. Sensors are provided in the safety box, in the overflow channel and / or on the top of the energy storage compartment, and the sensors are used to detect gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source. A safety exhaust valve 124 is installed on the safety box of the present embodiment, and the safety exhaust valve 124 is used to discharge the gas out of the compartment. Furthermore, an explosion-proof valve 125 is provided on the safety box 121 of the present embodiment, and the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened when the air pressure reaches the set second air pressure threshold. A releaser for releasing fire-fighting medium is provided in the top functional compartment 120 of the present embodiment. Specifically, the releaser of the present embodiment is an aerosol releaser, which can start the releaser to release the fire-fighting medium after the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened, so that the fire-fighting medium fills the top functional compartment 120. A liquid level sensor for measuring the liquid level height is provided in the safety box 121 and / or on the top of the immersion channel 112. Specifically, in this embodiment, liquid level sensors are respectively provided in the safety box 121 and the immersion channel 112. When the energy storage device is in normal operating conditions, the liquid level of the temperature control medium in the immersion channel 112 is measured in real time by the liquid level sensor provided in the immersion channel 112; when the energy storage device is in the first-level fire-fighting operating condition, the second-level fire-fighting operating condition and the third-level fire-fighting operating condition, the temperature control medium enters the safety box 121. At this time, the liquid level of the temperature control medium is detected by the liquid level sensor provided in the safety box 121.

[0078] Specifically, this embodiment also proposes a fire-fighting method for a fully submerged energy storage device, which controls the energy storage component to be filled with a temperature control medium; controls the liquid level of the temperature control medium in the immersion channel 121 to be maintained within a set height range; during the normal operation of the fully submerged energy storage device, monitors the operating status of the fully submerged energy storage device in real time, and executes level one fire-fighting, level two fire-fighting, and level three fire-fighting according to the triggering conditions. Specifically, during the normal operation of the fully submerged energy storage device, the sensor installed in the safety box 121 can also be used to detect the vapor concentration of the temperature control medium in real time. If it exceeds the set threshold, the safety exhaust valve 124 is opened to discharge the gas outside the box. Specifically, the triggering conditions and operating conditions of level one fire-fighting, level two fire-fighting, and level three fire-fighting are as follows.

[0079] (1) Level 1 fire protection: real-time monitoring of the operating status of the energy storage assembly and each energy storage cell 10; determining whether the operating status of any energy storage cell 10 reaches the level 1 fire protection triggering condition: if so, executing the level 1 fire protection operating condition; if not, maintaining the normal operating condition unchanged. In this embodiment, the operating status of the energy storage assembly is monitored in real time, and the temperature, pressure, current, voltage and other data of each energy storage module 113 and energy storage cell 10 are collected respectively. If at least one of the temperature, pressure, current and voltage data of the energy storage module 113 or the energy storage cell 10 exceeds the set safety threshold range, the level 1 fire protection is triggered.

[0080] Specifically, the first-level fire-fighting operating condition is: disconnect the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component, close the return liquid control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; at the same time, the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module 113 by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 11 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium.

[0081] (2) Secondary fire protection: Use the sensor installed in the safety box 121 to detect at least one of the gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature and flame in real time to determine whether the secondary fire protection triggering condition is met: if so, execute the secondary fire protection operating condition; if not, determine whether all energy storage cells 10 are in normal operating state: if all energy storage cells 10 are in normal operating state, execute the normal operating condition; otherwise, execute the primary fire protection operating condition.

[0082] In this embodiment, sensors installed in the overflow channel, on the top of the energy storage bin and / or in the safety box 121 are used to detect gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature and flame in real time; if the gas pressure reaches the set first gas pressure threshold; and / or the gas concentration reaches the set concentration threshold; and / or the gas temperature reaches the set temperature threshold; and / or an open flame is detected; the secondary fire protection is triggered. The gas concentration in this embodiment includes the evaporation gas concentration of the temperature control medium.

[0083] In this embodiment, when performing secondary fire protection, after the energy storage bin 110 is filled with the temperature control medium, the temperature control medium is controlled to enter the safety box 121 and reach the set liquid level height. In this way, it can be ensured that the energy storage bin 110 is completely filled with the temperature control medium to prevent the energy storage components from contacting the air.

[0084] Specifically, the secondary fire-fighting operation condition is: disconnect the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component, close the return liquid control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames.

[0085] Specifically, according to the different operating states of the fully submerged energy storage device when the secondary fire is triggered, the following operations are performed respectively:

[0086] When the secondary fire protection triggering condition is reached and the energy storage device is in normal operating condition, the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component is disconnected, the liquid return control valve 137 is closed, and the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are opened to allow the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 to flow back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the occurrence of open flames.

[0087] When the secondary fire protection triggering condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the primary fire protection operating condition, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames.

[0088] Specifically, if the secondary fire triggering condition is not met, the following operations are performed according to the different operating states of the fully submerged energy storage device:

[0089] When the secondary fire protection triggering condition is not met and all energy storage units 10 are in normal operation: if the energy storage device is in the primary fire protection operation condition, the charge and discharge circuit of the energy storage component is connected, the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are closed, the return liquid control valve 137 is opened, and the temperature control medium in the overflow channel 111 is emptied to restore the energy storage component to normal operation; if the energy storage device is in normal operation, the energy storage device maintains the normal operation condition unchanged.

[0090] When the secondary firefighting triggering condition is not reached, and the operating state of at least one energy storage unit 10 reaches the primary firefighting triggering condition: at this time, if the energy storage device is in the primary firefighting operating condition, the primary firefighting operating condition is maintained unchanged; if the energy storage device is in the normal operating condition, the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component is disconnected, the liquid return control valve 137 is closed, the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are opened, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium.

[0091] (3) Level 3 fire protection: If the explosion-proof valve on the safety box 121 is passively opened, the level 3 fire protection triggering condition is reached and the level 3 fire protection operation condition is executed. That is, in this embodiment, the level 3 fire protection is passively triggered when the explosion-proof valve is passively opened.

[0092] Specifically, the third-level fire-fighting operating condition is: disconnect the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component, close the return liquid control valve 137, open the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123, so that the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 flows back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; open the releaser arranged in the top functional bin 120 to fill the top functional bin 120 with the fire-fighting medium.

[0093] Specifically, according to the different operating states of the fully submerged energy storage device when the third-level fire is triggered, the following operations are performed respectively:

[0094] When the third-level fire triggering condition is reached and the energy storage device is in normal operating condition, the charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage component is disconnected, the return liquid control valve 137 is closed, and the first control valve 133 and the top liquid inlet valve 123 are opened to allow the temperature control medium injected into the immersion channel 112 to flow back to the overflow channel 111 through the liquid storage tank 131; the temperature control medium injected into the energy storage module by the first liquid inlet pipe 19 enters the overflow channel 111 by overflow, so that the overflow channel 111 and the energy storage bin 110 are filled with the temperature control medium; at the same time, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; the releaser arranged in the top functional bin 120 is opened to fill the top functional bin 120 with the fire-fighting medium.

[0095] When the third-level fire triggering condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the first-level fire operating condition, the safety exhaust valve 124 connected to the safety box 131 is controlled to open, so as to reduce the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin 110 and prevent the generation of open flames; the releaser arranged in the top functional bin 120 is opened to fill the top functional bin 120 with the fire-fighting medium.

[0096] When the third-level fire-fighting triggering condition is reached and the energy storage device is in the second-level fire-fighting operating condition, the releaser arranged in the top functional compartment 120 is opened to allow the fire-fighting medium to fill the top functional compartment 120 .

[0097] In the fire-fighting method of the fully submerged energy storage device of this embodiment, under normal operating conditions, the immersion channel has a temperature control medium with a set liquid level height range, and the overflow channel has no temperature control medium or the liquid level of the temperature control medium is always kept below the overflow height of the lowest layer of energy storage modules. At the same time, each layer of energy storage modules is filled with temperature control medium.

[0098] Monitor the operating status of each energy storage unit in the energy storage assembly in real time. If it is determined that the operating status of the energy storage unit exceeds the normal range, the first-level fire protection is triggered. Through the first connecting pipe, the liquid storage tank and the second connecting pipe, a communicating vessel is formed between the immersion channel and the overflow channel, so that the temperature control medium in the immersion channel can quickly flow back into the overflow channel, and the temperature control medium overflowing in the energy storage module can also enter the overflow channel. In this way, it can be ensured that the overflow channel is filled with the temperature control medium in a very short time to achieve safety protection against thermal runaway. When the operating status of all energy storage units returns to normal, the communicating vessel relationship between the immersion channel and the overflow channel is disconnected, and the temperature control medium in the overflow channel can be emptied.

[0099] Real-time detection of at least one of gas pressure, gas concentration, temperature and flame, and if the secondary fire protection triggering condition is reached, indicating that thermal runaway has occurred, the secondary fire protection is triggered; at this time, the safety exhaust valve is opened on the basis of the primary fire protection operating condition, and the gas collected in the safety box is discharged to the outside of the box, thereby reducing the gas pressure and gas concentration in the energy storage bin and preventing the generation of open flames;

[0100] If the explosion-proof valve on the safety box is opened, it means that a violent thermal runaway reaction has occurred. At this time, based on the secondary fire-fighting operation condition, on the one hand, the pressure is released through the opened explosion-proof valve, and on the other hand, the releaser in the top functional compartment is opened to fill the top functional compartment with fire-fighting medium to prevent the air in the top functional compartment from entering the energy storage compartment;

[0101] Although the first-level fire protection, second-level fire protection and third-level fire protection have a progressive relationship, they can also be triggered independently. For example, when the operating status of any energy storage unit is not monitored to be beyond the normal range, but the sensor detects that at least one of the gas pressure, gas concentration, gas temperature and flame in the safety box reaches the preset conditions, the second-level fire protection can be directly triggered; if the explosion-proof valve on the safety box is passively opened without triggering the first-level fire protection and the second-level fire protection, the third-level fire protection will be directly triggered; in this way, thermal runaway can be prevented through the first-level fire protection, and preparations to prevent thermal runaway can be made in advance; through the second-level fire protection, the gases and substances produced by the thermal runaway reaction can be discharged in time to the top functional bin to prevent them from contacting with the air in the top functional bin and causing a combustion reaction; the third-level fire protection is a passive fire protection. When the third-level fire protection is triggered, the fire protection medium is directly used to fill the top functional bin to directly isolate the possibility of contact between the energy storage bin and the air; it can effectively improve the safety performance, avoid the spread of thermal runaway, and control the thermal runaway reaction within a limited range.

[0102] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by technicians in the technical field on the basis of the present utility model are all within the protection scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A fully submerged energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a box body, wherein the box body is provided with an energy storage bin located in the middle, and a top functional bin and a bottom functional bin located above and below the energy storage bin respectively; A liquid storage tank is provided in the bottom functional compartment; an energy storage component is provided in the energy storage compartment, and an overflow channel and an immersion channel independent of each other are provided between the energy storage component and the compartment; A top liquid inlet pipe for injecting a temperature control medium into the immersion channel is provided in the top functional compartment, and a top liquid inlet valve is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe; a first connecting pipe is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel and the liquid storage tank, and a first control valve is provided on the first connecting pipe; A second connecting pipe is provided between the overflow channel and the liquid storage tank; a liquid return pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and a liquid return control valve is provided on the liquid return pipe; The energy storage assembly includes at least two layers of energy storage modules, each layer of the energy storage modules is provided with a liquid inlet, and in two adjacent layers of the energy storage modules, the overflow height of the energy storage module located in the lower layer is greater than or equal to the bottom height of the energy storage module located in the upper layer.

2. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module includes a bottom plate, the bottom surface of which is provided with an overflow structure, and the overflow structure is connected to the overflow channel; in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer flows into the overflow channel through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

3. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper baffle plate tightly matched with the uppermost energy storage module is arranged above the uppermost energy storage module, and the overflow structure is arranged on the upper baffle plate.

4. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The overflow structure is configured as an overflow notch or an overflow hole.

5. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overflow notches or overflow holes are arranged at intervals on the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate.

6. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overflow notch or overflow hole is arranged on the rear side edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate body.

7. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module, and the overflow channel is arranged between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the compartment.

8. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe is provided with a second control valve.

9. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion channels are configured as three independent channels, and the three immersion channels are respectively located between the front side, the left side and the right side of the energy storage assembly and the compartment.

10. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top liquid inlet pipe is provided with top liquid inlet branches corresponding to the three immersion channels respectively.

11. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first connecting pipes are respectively arranged between the three immersion channels and the liquid storage tank.

12. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A communication port is provided between the tops of the three immersion channels, and the communication port makes the liquid levels of the three immersion channels equal.

13. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet is connected to a first liquid inlet pipe, a second liquid inlet pipe is arranged in the compartment, and all the first liquid inlet pipes are connected to the second liquid inlet pipes; the first liquid inlet pipe and / or the second liquid inlet pipe are provided with a liquid inlet proportional valve for controlling the liquid inlet flow rate of the corresponding energy storage module.

14. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety box is arranged in the top functional compartment, and the safety box is communicated with the energy storage compartment.

15. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: Sensors for detecting gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source are arranged in the safety box, in the overflow channel and / or on the top of the energy storage bin.

16. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The safety box is provided with a safety exhaust valve for exhausting gas out of the box.

17. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The safety box is provided with an explosion-proof valve which is passively opened when the air pressure reaches a set second air pressure threshold; the top functional compartment is provided with a releaser for releasing the fire-fighting medium.

18. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The releaser is an aerosol releaser.

19. The fully submerged energy storage device according to claim 14, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor for actually measuring the liquid level is provided in the safety box and / or on the top of the immersion channel.

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