Dust collecting device and steel rail grinding wagon

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dust collection device and a steel rail grinding wagon. The dust collection device comprises a dust removal box, a fan, a spark catcher, an air duct below the wagon, a dust hood and a dust storage hopper. The dust removal box is arranged on a vehicle body of the grinding vehicle, and a filter drum is arranged in the dust removal box. The dust hood is connected between the under-vehicle air duct and the polishing device, the spark catcher is communicated with the dust removal box, and the under-vehicle air duct is communicated to the spark catcher. The dust storage hopper is arranged at the bottom of the dust removal box, the fan is communicated with the dust removal box, and an air outlet of the fan is formed in the top of the vehicle body. The technical problems that an existing dust collecting device is high in labor cost, large in occupied space and high in internal temperature and failure rate can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of railway engineering machinery, and in particular to a dust collecting device and a rail grinding vehicle used for rail grinding. Background Art

[0002] Rail grinding is an important means of railway maintenance technology. It is used to eliminate surface defects of rails and repair rail profiles. Rail grinding trains are currently commonly used large-scale operating equipment. Rail grinding trains generate a large amount of grinding dust during the process of grinding rails. The characteristics of grinding dust are high temperature, high concentration and high kinetic energy. If the grinding dust is not collected and treated, it will have the following effects: 1) If the grinding dust accumulates on the surface of the railway track bed, it will seriously endanger the driving safety of the train. 2) The flying dust in the air greatly harms the health of the operators and pollutes the environment around the railway. 3) The flying grinding dust under high temperature conditions is also easy to cause secondary damage to the rail surface. 4) When the EMU runs at high speed, the grinding dust will be rolled up to damage the sensor components on the train and the electrification equipment along the railway, which is easy to cause equipment short circuit and affect driving safety. 5) Spark grinding dust has the risk of causing fire. For this reason, in recent years, advanced rail grinding trains have been equipped with special dust collection devices to collect and treat the dust generated during the grinding operation after filtering by filter elements. The working effect of the dust collection device directly affects the quality of the entire rail grinding operation. Therefore, designing a dust collection device with a reasonable structure and high dust collection rate has become a key issue that must be considered in the development of rail grinding equipment.

[0003] The dust collection device mainly consists of: dust hood, ventilation duct, fan, dust collector, control system, and self-cleaning system. The existing rail grinding car dust collection device is mainly divided into two types: filter cartridge type and bag type, and the core filter media used are high-efficiency filter cartridges and bags. However, the existing dust collection device still has the following technical defects:

[0004] 1) The filter media of the existing dust collection device has limited temperature resistance. The dust absorbed from the grinding device has a high temperature, which can easily cause changes in the internal structure of the filter media, thereby increasing resistance, deteriorating the filtering effect, and greatly reducing the service life. At the same time, there are greater safety risks such as smoldering, carbonization, burn-through, and fire of the filter media;

[0005] 2) Existing dust collection devices generally use exhaust under the vehicle and the side of the vehicle body, or a roof exhaust structure, with a rain cap or rain shutter on the air outlet. The exhaust duct is long, occupies a large space, has a large wind resistance, increases the load of the fan, and reduces the dust suction air volume and dust suction effect;

[0006] 3) The air inlets of the existing dust collecting device air suction duct are arranged in the middle of the grinding trolley, resulting in large ventilation in the middle of the grinding trolley and small ventilation in the front and rear parts, resulting in high temperatures in the front and rear parts and high device failure rate.

[0007] In the prior art, the following documents are mainly related to this application:

[0008] Prior art 1 is a Chinese invention application filed by Beijing North Vehicle Intelligent Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. on May 23, 2017, and announced on September 1, 2017, with the announcement number CN107115723A. The invention application discloses a dust collecting device including: a Z-shaped air intake duct, a high-temperature airflow with dust enters from the air inlet of the Z-shaped air intake duct, and is cooled and inertially separated in the Z-shaped air intake duct; a filter chamber, which is connected to the Z-shaped air intake duct, and the airflow with dust after inertial separation in the Z-shaped air intake duct enters the filter chamber for dust removal and filtration; an exhaust section, which is connected to the filter chamber, and the airflow after dust removal and filtration enters the exhaust section from the filter chamber and is discharged from the exhaust section. The dust collecting device of the invention is provided with a Z-shaped air inlet duct, which can make full use of the spatial structure to make the high-temperature airflow with dust particles produce inertial sedimentation and separation according to the spatial characteristics of the airflow field, and the Z-shaped air inlet duct increases the length within a certain space, thereby increasing the flow distance and flow time of the airflow, playing a role in cooling and separating the high-temperature airflow with dust particles. The dust collecting device of the invention can also ensure the dust removal effect in a smaller space. However, the dust collecting drawer used in the invention needs to be manually pulled out of the drawer from the vehicle and transported to the bottom of the vehicle for unloading, which is labor-intensive. At the same time, when the grinding power of the existing grinding vehicle dust collector is large or the grinding distance is long, the temperature inside the dust collector increases, the dust collector is prone to overheating, and there is an increased risk of filter cartridge combustion.

[0009] Prior art 2 is a Chinese invention application filed by China North Vehicle Research Institute on November 21, 2017 and announced on May 22, 2018, with the announcement number CN108057302A. The invention application discloses a cyclone filter cartridge combined dust collecting device, which relates to the technical field of structural design of subway track maintenance devices, and is used to filter the smoke and dust gas generated during the grinding of subway rails. The cyclone separator in the primary filtering device is a combination structure of a cylindrical cavity and a truncated cone cavity, one end of the first air inlet is connected to the first through hole, and the other end is connected to the rail grinding device through a connecting bellows; in the secondary filtering device, multiple detachable filter cartridges are evenly arranged inside the filter cavity, and a second dust collecting box is connected to the bottom, and the filter cavity is connected to the cylindrical cavity through the second air inlet pipe; the power device is installed outside the secondary filtering device to provide power for the flow of smoke and dust gas. After the smoke and dust gas generated during the grinding of subway tracks is purified by the primary separation device and the secondary separation device, not only the solid particles are eliminated, but also the temperature is reduced, avoiding the high-temperature smoke and dust gas from damaging the structure of the communication cables or air-conditioning devices in the tunnel. However, the grinding dust collected and filtered by the invention is concentrated in the lower drawer or dust storage bin of the dust collection box, and the dust in the drawer or dust storage bin needs to be bagged by a person on the vehicle or directly carried to a designated location under the vehicle for dumping. It is labor-intensive and inconvenient to carry the dust in bags or directly carry the drawer to the bottom of the vehicle.

[0010] Prior art 3 is a Chinese invention application filed by China Railway Construction High-Tech Equipment Co., Ltd. on December 28, 2019, and published on July 14, 2020, with publication number CN111411550A. The invention application discloses a method for arranging a dust collecting device for a rail grinding vehicle, a dust collecting device, and a rail grinding vehicle. The method for arranging the dust collecting device for a rail grinding vehicle is to symmetrically arrange a left dust collecting unit and a right dust collecting unit on the left and right sides of the rail grinding vehicle along the driving direction of the rail grinding vehicle. The left dust collecting unit and the right dust collecting unit respectively inhale dust-containing gas from the grinding position at the bottom of the rail grinding vehicle, and then discharge clean gas from the left and right sides of the rail grinding vehicle, respectively, to realize dust collection and discharge of the left and right rails of the railway. The invention adopts a left-right symmetrically arranged left dust collecting unit and a right dust collecting unit to absorb dust and sparks generated by grinding the left and right rails, respectively. Under the conditions of limited space inside the rail grinding vehicle and strict vehicle clearance requirements, the bilaterally symmetrical arrangement of the invention can not only meet the requirement of leaving a walkway in the middle of the vehicle, but also meet the requirement of uniform distribution of the load of the dust collecting device in the rail grinding vehicle. However, the invention uses a screw conveyor to transport the dust in the ash hopper at the bottom of the dust collecting box to the tail of the dust collecting box and then discharge it. Although it saves manpower, the screw conveyor is prone to jamming and rusting. At the same time, it needs a motor or electric motor drive, consumes a lot of energy and occupies a large space. Utility Model Content

[0011] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a dust collecting device and a rail grinding vehicle to solve the technical problems of the existing dust collecting device, such as high labor cost, large occupied space, high internal temperature and high failure rate.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the present application specifically provides a technical implementation scheme of a dust collecting device, including: a dust removal box, a fan, a spark arrester, an undercarriage air duct, a dust hood and an ash storage hopper. The dust removal box is arranged on the body of the grinding vehicle, and a filter cartridge is arranged inside the dust removal box. The dust hood is connected between the undercarriage air duct and the grinding device, the spark arrester is connected to the dust removal box, and the undercarriage air duct is connected to the spark arrester. The ash storage hopper is arranged at the bottom of the dust removal box, and the fan is connected to the dust removal box.

[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes an air inlet shut-off valve connected between the spark arrester and the air duct under the vehicle, and the air inlet shut-off valve is used to open or close the air duct between the spark arrester and the air duct under the vehicle, and to adjust the air volume of the air duct.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust removal box is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition disposed in the middle. The filter cartridge is located in the first chamber, and its interior is connected to the second chamber through a venturi tube, and the first chamber is connected to a spark arrester. A pulse valve and a nozzle are disposed in the second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the air duct of the fan.

[0015] Furthermore, a vibrator is provided on the side wall of the ash storage hopper.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the grinding device is sealedly connected to the air duct under the vehicle through a dust hood, and the dust hood is a trumpet-shaped soft fireproof curtain structure surrounded on all four sides.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper and lower interface positions of the dust hood are connected to the under-vehicle air duct and the polishing device through pressure strips respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of air suction ports connected to the air duct under the vehicle are arranged longitudinally on the top of the dust hood.

[0019] Furthermore, a drain pipe is provided at the lower part of the fan.

[0020] Furthermore, a fresh air inlet for introducing external fresh air is provided on the air duct under the vehicle.

[0021] Furthermore, the fresh air inlet adopts a grille structure, and an air regulating plate is installed on the fresh air inlet. The air regulating plate is provided with grille grids corresponding to the grille structure, and the air regulating plate is longitudinally adjustably installed on the fresh air inlet.

[0022] Furthermore, the air outlet of the fan is arranged on the top of the vehicle body.

[0023] Furthermore, the ash storage hopper adopts a funnel structure and is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body.

[0024] The present application also specifically provides a technical implementation solution for a rail grinding vehicle, wherein the rail grinding vehicle comprises: the dust collecting device as described above.

[0025] By implementing the technical solutions of the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle provided by the present application, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0026] (1) The dust collection device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application can greatly reduce the temperature inside the air duct and reduce the failure rate. At the same time, the structure is simple and the space occupied is small. The dust discharge structure under the vehicle is adopted to reduce the labor intensity of manual dust unloading. The dust is guided to be discharged under the vehicle. The construction and maintenance personnel can complete the dust discharge work under the vehicle, which saves time and effort and is convenient and fast.

[0027] (2) The dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application are provided with a fresh air outlet on the air duct under the vehicle for introducing cooled fresh air. The cooled fresh air is mixed with the high-temperature hot air inside the duct, so that the temperature of the airflow entering the dust collecting box is further reduced, which greatly reduces the overall temperature, reduces the risk of fire, and prolongs the life of the filter medium;

[0028] (3) In the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application, the exhaust port of the fan is set in a straight exhaust mode, and a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the fan, thereby greatly reducing the wind resistance of the exhaust port and reducing the space occupied, solving the problem that the exhaust port is easy to exceed the limit and the actual air volume is small, and at the same time, it can effectively reduce the wind resistance of the exhaust port and improve the ventilation efficiency;

[0029] (4) The dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application have a plurality of air suction ports on the top of the dust collecting hood that are connected to the air duct under the vehicle, and the air suction duct is arranged in front and behind. The size and position of each air suction port are determined by calculation, which can ensure that the entire grinding device is uniformly ventilated and the temperature is consistent, and no local high temperature phenomenon occurs;

[0030] (5) In the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application, an air inlet shut-off valve is provided on the air inlet duct of the dust collector, and the air intake volume under the vehicle can be adjusted according to the specific operating conditions. In particular, when the filter cartridge in the dust collector smolders, the shut-off valve can be closed to prevent the lower air from entering the dust collector, thereby preventing the expansion of the combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct structure of a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal air duct structure of a dust removal box in a specific embodiment of the dust collection device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust filtration principle of a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the back-blowing dust removal principle of a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a dust hood in a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the air regulating plate and the fresh air outlet in a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of a new air outlet in a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0041] Fig.10 This is a structural schematic diagram of an air regulating plate in a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0042] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fan in a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device of the present application;

[0043] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the rail grinding vehicle of the present application;

[0044] In the figure: 1-dust removal box, 2-exhaust outlet, 3-fan, 4-spark arrester, 5-undercarriage air duct, 6-dust hood, 7-ash storage hopper, 8-air inlet stop valve, 9-grinding device, 10-dust collecting device, 11-car body, 12-filter cartridge, 13-partition, 14-first chamber, 15-second chamber, 16-Venturi tube, 17-pulse valve, 18-nozzle, 19-fresh air outlet, 20-rail grinding car, 21-pressing strip, 22-vibrator, 23-grid grid, 24-air source, 25-intake pipe, 26-air cylinder, 27-positioning column, 28-mounting hole, 101-air inlet, 102-air outlet, 110-car roof, 111-floor, 301-drain pipe, 501-air regulating plate, 601-air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Fig.12 As shown, a specific embodiment of the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle of the present application is given, and the present application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] In order to collect the dust generated during the grinding operation, effectively reduce the pollution of the grinding dust to the environment, and ensure the occupational health of the operators, the rail grinding vehicle 20 needs to be equipped with a dust collecting device 10. Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the dust collecting device 10 of the present application specifically includes: a dust collecting box 1, a fan 3, a spark arrester 4, an undercarriage air duct 5, a dust hood 6 and an ash storage hopper 7. The dust collecting box 1 is arranged on the body 11 of the grinding car 10, and a filter cartridge 12 is arranged inside the dust collecting box 1. The dust hood 6 is connected between the undercarriage air duct 5 and the grinding device 9, the spark arrester 4 is connected to the dust collecting box 1 through the air inlet 101, and the undercarriage air duct 5 is connected to the spark arrester 4. The dust collecting device 10 is provided with a spark arrester 4, the main function of which is to intercept sparks in the air flow to reduce the temperature of large spark particles (extinguish). The spark arrester 4 can adopt multiple types such as multiple baffle type, cyclone centrifugal type or automatic monitoring and water spraying type. The ash storage hopper 7 is arranged at the bottom of the dust collecting box 1, the fan 3 is connected to the dust collecting box 1 through the air outlet 102, and the exhaust port 2 of the fan 3 is arranged at the top of the car body 11.

[0049] The main dust removal process of the dust collecting device 10 is as follows: the suction force of the fan 3 during operation generates negative pressure in the undercarriage air duct 5 and the dust hood 6, so that the dust-laden air in the dust hood 6 enters the interior of the dust removal box 1 through the undercarriage air duct 5, and the dust-laden air is forced to be filtered and purified by the filter cartridge 12 and then discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port 2 to complete the emptying, and the dust is blocked by the filter cartridge 12 on its surface.

[0050] As a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, the dust collecting device 10 further includes an air inlet stop valve 8 connected between the spark arrester 4 and the undercarriage air duct 5, and the air inlet stop valve 8 is used to open or close the air duct between the spark arrester 4 and the undercarriage air duct 5, and to adjust the air volume of the air duct. If the filter cartridge 12 in the dust removal box 1 catches fire, the air inlet duct can be closed to reduce the entry of oxygen and prevent the spread of fire. The air inlet stop valve 8 is provided on the air inlet duct of the dust collecting device 10, and the amount of air suction under the vehicle can be adjusted according to the specific operating conditions. In particular, when the filter cartridge 12 in the dust removal box 1 smolders, the air inlet stop valve 8 can be closed to prevent the lower air from entering the dust removal box 1 and thus prevent the expansion of the combustion.

[0051] The ash hopper 7 further adopts a funnel-type structure and is disposed at the lower part of the vehicle body 11. The dust that falls off the filter cartridge 12 is guided to the lower part of the vehicle body 11 through the ash hopper 7 due to gravity and discharged. The dust collecting device 10 described in this embodiment uses gravity to realize automatic ash discharge. The ash hopper 7 with a funnel structure under the vehicle is automatically discharged, thereby reducing the labor intensity of manual ash unloading. The mechanism uses the principle of gravity to set the ash hopper 7 at the bottom of the dust removal box 1 into a four-sided funnel-type structure. A manual or electric ash discharge valve is set at the bottom of the ash hopper 7. The dust is guided to the bottom of the vehicle for discharge through the funnel-type structure. The ash unloading operation is completed by the operator through the manual or automatic stop valve under the vehicle, which saves time and effort, is convenient and fast, and requires little labor. As shown in the attached figure Figure 2 As shown in the figure, as a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, a vibrator 22 is further provided on the side wall of the ash hopper 7, and the vibrator 22 causes the side wall of the ash hopper 7 to vibrate at a high frequency, so as to facilitate the discharge of internal dust. The vibrator 22 is also called a vibrator or a rapper, which is fixed on the outer slope surface of the ash hopper 7. After being powered on, it can drive the slope surface (metal plate) to vibrate together, and the dust on the slope surface will slide to the bottom of the ash hopper 7 without remaining on the slope surface.

[0052] The top of the dust cover 6 is longitudinally (such as attached Figure 2In the embodiment, a plurality of suction ports 601 connected to the air duct 5 under the vehicle are further arranged along the longitudinal direction of the top of the dust hood 6, and the suction ports 601 are arranged at the front and rear positions, and the size and position of each suction port can be determined according to calculation to ensure uniform ventilation and consistent temperature inside the entire grinding device 9, and no local high temperature phenomenon will occur.

[0053] As attached Figure 3 To Attachment Figure 6 As shown, the dust removal box 1 is further divided into a first chamber 14 and a second chamber 15 by a partition 13 arranged in the middle. A back-blowing self-cleaning system is arranged inside the dust removal box 1, which is composed of a back-blowing controller, a back-blowing air cylinder, a back-blowing valve, a nozzle and corresponding pipelines. When the set pressure difference value is reached, the dust removal box 1 performs a back-blowing action, and starts to control the back-blowing valve from top to bottom to perform a pulse back-blowing action. The back-blowing valve is generally in a normally closed state. When the back-blowing action is not performed, the back-blowing self-cleaning system of the dust removal box 1 will not consume compressed air. The filter cartridge 12 is located in the first chamber 14 and its interior is connected to the second chamber 15 through a venturi tube 16, and the first chamber 14 is connected to the spark arrester 4. A pulse valve 17 and a nozzle 18 are arranged in the second chamber 15, and the second chamber 15 is connected to the air duct of the fan 3. The blocked dust is continuously deposited on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 12. When too much dust is deposited on the filter cartridge 12, the resistance of the air path increases. When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter cartridge 12 increases to a preset value, the pulse valve 17 releases the compressed air from the air source 24 (i.e., the air cylinder), which is then impacted in the opposite direction through the nozzle 18 and the venturi 16, so that the dust deposited on the filter cartridge 12 falls off and settles in the ash storage hopper 7 at the bottom under the action of the high-pressure airflow. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the filter cartridge 12 then drops back and returns to the preset range. Figure 6 As shown, the gas enters the air cylinder 26 through the air inlet pipe 25, opens the pulse valve 17 (not shown in the figure), and the nozzle 18 releases the compressed air. The compressed air carries the surrounding airflow and rushes into the venturi 16 at high speed and then enters the interior of the filter cartridge 12, so that the interior of the filter cartridge 12 forms an instantaneous high pressure, which knocks the dust attached to the outside of the filter cartridge 12 off.

[0054] The dust hood 6 on the top of the grinding device 9 is a trumpet-shaped structure, connected between the undercarriage air duct 5 and the grinding device 9, and facing the dust source. The top of the grinding device 9 is sealed with the undercarriage air duct 5 through the dust hood 6. The dust hood 6 is a trumpet-shaped soft fireproof curtain structure surrounded on all sides. The negative pressure in the undercarriage air duct 5 sucks the dust in the grinding device 9 into the air duct. During normal operation, this trumpet-shaped soft air duct is compressed in the height direction, and the dust hood 6 will not be broken when the grinding trolley swings horizontally. As shown in the attached figure, Figure 7 As shown, the dust collecting device 10 described in this embodiment uses the reserved size margin of the dust collecting cover 6 to compensate, so as to match the vertical and horizontal lateral (as shown in the attached Figure 7 The dust cover 6 moves in the direction indicated by W in the figure, thereby achieving dynamic sealing. As shown in Figure A, the outline of the dust cover 6 in the normal operation state of the trolley is shown in Figure B, the outline of the dust cover 6 in the transverse operation state of the trolley is shown in Figure B. Figure 1 As shown, the upper and lower interface positions of the dust hood 6 are further connected to the undercarriage air duct 5 and the polishing device 9 through the pressure strips 21, and the sealing of the air duct is ensured by the pressure strips 21.

[0055] In the case of long-term grinding operation, the temperature in the air duct of the dust collecting device 10 is still very high. Figure 8 To Attachment Fig.10 As shown, as a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, a fresh air outlet 19 is further provided on the undercarriage air duct 5, and the fresh air outlet 19 is used to introduce fresh air from the outside, and the fresh air is mixed with the high-temperature hot air inside the undercarriage air duct 5, so that the temperature of the air flow entering the dust box 1 is reduced, which greatly reduces the overall temperature, reduces the risk of fire, and increases the life of the filter medium. The fresh air outlet 19 further adopts a grille structure, and an air regulating plate 501 is also installed on the fresh air outlet 19, and a grille grid 23 corresponding to the grille structure is provided on the air regulating plate 501. A long strip mounting hole 28 is provided on the air regulating plate 501, and a positioning column 27 is provided on the fresh air outlet 19. The air regulating plate 501 is longitudinally adjustable and installed on the fresh air outlet 19 through the mounting hole 28 and the positioning column 27, and the amount of fresh air introduced can be adjusted as needed.

[0056] The fan exhaust port of the existing dust collecting device 10 is mostly for exhaust under the vehicle or through the side wall of the vehicle body. This method has a long exhaust duct and occupies more space. In the scheme described in this embodiment, the exhaust port 2 of the fan 3 is set to be directly discharged from the roof, as shown in the attached Fig.11As shown, as a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, a drain pipe 301 is further provided at the lower part of the fan 3. When rainwater enters the interior of the fan 3 through the exhaust port 2, it can be directly discharged to the bottom of the vehicle through the drain pipe 301 without causing damage to the fan 3, thereby greatly reducing the wind resistance of the exhaust port 2 and reducing the space occupied by the exhaust port 2, solving the technical problem that the exhaust port is easy to exceed the limit, the wind resistance is large and the actual air volume is small. In addition, a protective net can be further provided at the exhaust port 2 to prevent foreign objects from entering and damaging the fan 3.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] As attached Fig.12 As shown, an embodiment of the rail grinding vehicle 20 of the present application specifically comprises: the dust collecting device 10 as described in Example 1, the dust collecting box 1 of the dust collecting device 10 is arranged on the floor 111 of the vehicle body 11 and is located inside the vehicle body 11, and the fan 3 is arranged on the side of the dust collecting box 1. The dust hood 6 and the ash storage hopper 7 are both arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body 11, and the exhaust port 2 of the fan 3 is located on the roof 110. The hot air is sucked into the undercarriage air duct 5 from the grinding device 9 and through the dust hood 6, and the fresh air enters the undercarriage air duct 5 from the bottom of the vehicle body 11.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly disposed on the other element or indirectly disposed on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0060] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0061] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0062] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0063] By implementing the technical solutions of the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present application, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0064] (1) The dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present application can greatly reduce the temperature inside the air duct and reduce the failure rate. At the same time, the structure is simple and the space occupied is small. The dust removal structure under the vehicle is adopted to reduce the labor intensity of manual dust unloading. The dust is guided to be discharged under the vehicle. The construction and maintenance personnel can complete the dust removal work under the vehicle, which saves time and effort and is convenient and fast.

[0065] (2) The dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiment of the present application are provided with a fresh air outlet on the air duct under the vehicle for introducing cooled fresh air. The cooled fresh air is mixed with the high-temperature hot air inside the duct, so that the temperature of the airflow entering the dust collecting box is further reduced, which greatly reduces the overall temperature, reduces the risk of fire, and prolongs the life of the filter medium;

[0066] (3) In the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present application, the exhaust port of the fan is set in a straight exhaust mode, and a drainage pipe is arranged at the bottom of the fan, thereby greatly reducing the wind resistance of the exhaust port and reducing the space occupied, solving the problem that the exhaust port is easy to exceed the limit and the actual air volume is small, and at the same time, it can effectively reduce the wind resistance of the exhaust port and improve the ventilation efficiency;

[0067] (4) The dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present application have a plurality of air suction ports on the top of the dust collecting hood that are connected to the air duct under the vehicle, and the air suction duct is arranged in front and behind. The size and position of each air suction port are determined by calculation, so that the ventilation and temperature inside the entire grinding device can be uniform and local high temperature will not occur.

[0068] (5) In the dust collecting device and rail grinding vehicle described in the specific embodiments of the present application, an air inlet shut-off valve is provided on the air inlet duct of the dust collector, and the amount of air suction under the vehicle can be adjusted according to the specific operating conditions. In particular, when the filter cartridge in the dust collector smolders, the shut-off valve can be closed to prevent the lower air from entering the dust collector, thereby preventing the expansion of the combustion.

[0069] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0070] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not constitute any formal limitation to the present application. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technician familiar with the art can use the above disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present application, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes, without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present application, still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A dust collecting device, characterized in that: include: A dust removal box (1), a fan (3), a spark arrester (4), an undercarriage air duct (5), a dust hood (6) and an ash storage hopper (7); the dust removal box (1) is arranged on a body (11) of a grinding vehicle (10), and a filter cartridge (12) is arranged inside the dust removal box (1); the dust hood (6) is connected between the undercarriage air duct (5) and a grinding device (9), the spark arrester (4) is connected to the dust removal box (1), and the undercarriage air duct (5) is connected to the spark arrester (4); the ash storage hopper (7) is arranged at the bottom of the dust removal box (1), and the fan (3) is connected to the dust removal box (1).

2. The dust collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises an air inlet stop valve (8) connected between the spark arrester (4) and the undercarriage air duct (5), wherein the air inlet stop valve (8) is used to open or close the air duct between the spark arrester (4) and the undercarriage air duct (5), and to adjust the air volume of the air duct.

3. The dust collecting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dust removal box (1) is divided into a first chamber (14) and a second chamber (15) by a partition (13) arranged in the middle; the filter cartridge (12) is located in the first chamber (14), and its interior is connected to the second chamber (15) through a venturi (16), and the first chamber (14) is connected to the spark arrester (4); a pulse valve (17) and a nozzle (18) are arranged in the second chamber (15), and the second chamber (15) is connected to the air duct of the fan (3).

4. The dust collecting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vibrator (22) is provided on the side wall of the ash storage hopper (7).

5. The dust collecting device according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The top of the grinding device (9) is sealedly connected to the undercarriage air duct (5) via a dust hood (6), and the dust hood (6) is a trumpet-shaped soft fireproof curtain structure surrounded on all four sides.

6. The dust collecting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower interface positions of the dust hood (6) are respectively connected to the undercarriage air duct (5) and the polishing device (9) through pressure strips (21).

7. The dust collecting device according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that: A plurality of air suction ports (601) are arranged longitudinally on the top of the dust collection hood (6) and are connected to the air duct (5) under the vehicle.

8. The dust collecting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drainage pipe (301) is provided at the lower part of the fan (3).

9. The dust collecting device according to claim 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8, characterized in that: The undercarriage air duct (5) is provided with a fresh air inlet (19) for introducing external fresh air.

10. The dust collecting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fresh air inlet (19) adopts a grille-type structure, and an air regulating plate (501) is also installed on the fresh air inlet (19). The air regulating plate (501) is provided with a grille grid (23) corresponding to the grille-type structure, and the air regulating plate (501) is installed on the fresh air inlet (19) in a longitudinally adjustable manner.

11. The dust collecting device according to claim 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10, characterized in that: The air outlet (2) of the fan (3) is arranged on the top of the vehicle body (11).

12. The dust collecting device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The ash storage hopper (7) adopts a funnel-type structure and is arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body (11).

13. A rail grinding vehicle, characterized in that: include: The dust collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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