Fuel cell bipolar plate structure and fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell bipolar plate structure and a fuel cell, a cathode plate comprises a first gas inlet distribution area, a first reaction area and a first gas outlet distribution area which are communicated in sequence, and the first gas inlet distribution area and the first gas outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas; and / or the anode plate comprises a second gas inlet distribution area, a second reaction area and a second gas outlet distribution area which are communicated in sequence, and the second gas inlet distribution area and the second gas outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas; the first gas inlet distribution area and the first gas outlet distribution area on the cathode plate and / or the second gas inlet distribution area and the second gas outlet distribution area on the anode plate are differential distribution areas, so that the gas distribution uniformity can be improved; therefore, hydrogen and / or oxygen introduced into the bipolar plate structure of the battery can flow more uniformly and stably in the bipolar plate structure of the battery, and the flow resistance of gas is smaller, so that the gas conveying and reaction efficiency of the fuel battery can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate structure of a fuel cell.

[0002] The utility model also relates to a fuel cell comprising the fuel cell bipolar plate structure. Background Art

[0003] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a chemical-to-electrical energy conversion device that is widely considered to be the best alternative power source for transportation and portable power due to its high conversion efficiency, low operating temperature, zero emissions, modular installation, and fast response time.

[0004] Currently, the output performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is limited by the operating conditions of the fuel cell, including controlling temperature, gas concentration distribution and operating pressure.

[0005] In the process of implementing the utility model, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0006] The bipolar plate structure of existing proton exchange membrane fuel cells ignores the design of the distribution area, which will cause uneven distribution of hydrogen or oxygen on the bipolar plate, thereby affecting the gas transport and reaction efficiency of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the main purpose of the utility model is to provide a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, which can improve the gas transportation and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell. Another purpose of the utility model is to provide a fuel cell including the above fuel cell bipolar plate structure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, including a cathode plate and an anode plate;

[0010] The cathode plate comprises a first gas inlet distribution area, a first reaction area and a first gas outlet distribution area which are connected in sequence, and the first gas inlet distribution area and the first gas outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas; and / or

[0011] The anode plate comprises a second gas inlet distribution area, a second reaction area and a second gas outlet distribution area which are connected in sequence, and the second gas inlet distribution area and the second gas outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas;

[0012] The first air inlet distribution area and the first air outlet distribution area each include a first distribution section, a second distribution section and a third distribution section that are connected in sequence;

[0013] Wherein: the number of flow channels of the first distribution section is less than the number of flow channels of the second distribution section, the number of flow channels of the second distribution section is less than the number of flow channels of the third distribution section, and the number of flow channels of the first distribution section, the second distribution section and the third distribution section are in multiple relationship.

[0014] In a possible design, the number of flow channels in the second distribution section is twice the number of flow channels in the first distribution section, and the number of flow channels in the third distribution section is twice the number of flow channels in the second distribution section.

[0015] In a possible design, the first distribution segment includes a plurality of first flow guiding ridges, the second distribution segment includes a plurality of second flow guiding ridges, and the third distribution segment includes a plurality of third flow guiding ridges;

[0016] Wherein: every two adjacent first guide ridges form a first flow channel, every two adjacent second guide ridges form a second flow channel; every two adjacent third guide ridges form a third flow channel.

[0017] In a possible design, the ridge width of the first guide ridge is greater than the ridge width of the second guide ridge, and the ridge width of the second guide ridge is greater than the ridge width of the third guide ridge; and / or

[0018] The cross sections of the first guide ridge, the second guide ridge, and the third guide ridge are trapezoidal.

[0019] In a possible design, the second air inlet distribution area and the second air outlet distribution area both include a fourth distribution section, a fifth distribution section and a sixth distribution section that are connected in sequence;

[0020] Wherein: the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section is less than the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section, the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section is less than the number of flow channels of the sixth distribution section, and the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section, the fifth distribution section and the sixth distribution section are in a multiple relationship.

[0021] In a possible design, the number of flow channels in the fifth distribution section is twice the number of flow channels in the fourth distribution section, and the number of flow channels in the sixth distribution section is twice the number of flow channels in the fifth distribution section.

[0022] In a possible design, the fourth distribution segment includes a plurality of fourth guide ridges, the fifth distribution segment includes a plurality of fifth guide ridges, and the sixth distribution segment includes a plurality of sixth guide ridges;

[0023] Wherein: every two adjacent fourth guide ridges form a fourth flow channel, every two adjacent fifth guide ridges form a fifth flow channel; every two adjacent sixth guide ridges form a sixth flow channel.

[0024] In a possible design, the ridge width of the fourth guide ridge is greater than the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge, and the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge is greater than the ridge width of the sixth guide ridge; and / or

[0025] The cross sections of the fourth guide ridge, the fifth guide ridge, and the sixth guide ridge are trapezoidal.

[0026] In a second aspect, the utility model further provides a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell bipolar plate structure as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the utility model includes a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein: the cathode plate includes a first air inlet distribution area, a first reaction area and a first air outlet distribution area connected in sequence, and the first air inlet distribution area and the first air outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas; and / or the anode plate includes a second air inlet distribution area, a second reaction area and a second air outlet distribution area connected in sequence, and the second air inlet distribution area and the second air outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas.

[0029] The fuel cell applies the battery bipolar plate structure provided by the utility model. Since the first air inlet distribution area and the first air outlet distribution area on the cathode plate and / or the second air inlet distribution area and the second air outlet distribution area on the anode plate are differential distribution areas, the uniformity of gas distribution can be improved. Therefore, the hydrogen and / or oxygen introduced into the battery bipolar plate structure can flow more evenly and stably in the battery bipolar plate structure, and the gas flow resistance is smaller, thereby improving the gas transport and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0030] The fuel cell provided by the utility model includes the battery bipolar plate structure, so it has the same technical effect as the battery bipolar plate structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cathode plate provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of one of the distribution areas of the cathode plate shown in;

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of one of the distribution areas of the anode plate provided by the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the distribution area provided by the utility model.

[0035] In the figure: cathode plate 1, anode plate 2, first air inlet distribution area 11, first reaction area 12, first air outlet distribution area 13, oxygen inlet area 14, coolant inlet area 15, hydrogen inlet area 16, hydrogen outlet area 17, coolant outlet area 18, oxygen outlet area 19, second air inlet distribution area 21, first distribution section 3a, second distribution section 4a, third distribution section 5a, first guide ridge 31a, second guide ridge 41a, third guide ridge 51a, first flow channel 6a, second flow channel 7a, third flow channel 8a, fourth distribution section 3b, fifth distribution section 4b, sixth distribution section 5b, fourth guide ridge 31b, fifth guide ridge 41b, sixth guide ridge 51b, fourth flow channel 6b, fifth flow channel 7b, sixth flow channel 8b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a chemical-to-electrical energy conversion device that is widely considered to be the best alternative power source for transportation and portable power due to its high conversion efficiency, low operating temperature, zero emissions, modular installation, and fast response time.

[0037] Currently, the output performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is limited by the operating conditions of the fuel cell, including controlling temperature, gas concentration distribution and operating pressure.

[0038] However, the bipolar plate structure of existing proton exchange membrane fuel cells ignores the design of the distribution area, resulting in the following defects:

[0039] 1. Uneven moisture: Lack of distribution area will lead to uneven distribution of moisture on the bipolar plate, which may cause water shortage or excessive water accumulation in some areas, affecting the performance of the fuel cell;

[0040] 2. Uneven gas distribution: Lack of distribution area will cause uneven distribution of hydrogen or oxygen on the bipolar plate, affecting the gas delivery and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell;

[0041] 3. Uneven current distribution: The lack of distribution area will cause uneven current distribution on the bipolar plate, which may cause the local current density to be too high or too low, affecting the stability and life of the fuel cell;

[0042] 4. Material loss: The lack of a distribution area will cause uneven loss of bipolar plate materials during use, which may shorten the service life of the bipolar plate.

[0043] Based on this, the utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate structure and a fuel cell, which improve the distribution of gas by designing a differential distribution area, so as to at least partially improve the above-mentioned defects.

[0044] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0045] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0046] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 4 The utility model provides a fuel cell bipolar plate structure, including a cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2, which are stacked to form a fuel cell monomer. The cathode plate 1 includes a first air inlet distribution area 11, a first reaction area 12 and a first air outlet distribution area 13 which are connected in sequence. The oxygen introduced into the cathode plate 1 enters the first reaction area 12 through the first air inlet distribution area 11 to undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electrical energy, and then the remaining oxygen enters the first air outlet distribution area 13 through the first reaction area 12 to be discharged from the cathode plate 1. The anode plate 2 includes a second air inlet distribution area 21, a second reaction area and a second air outlet distribution area which are connected in sequence. The hydrogen introduced into the anode plate 2 enters the second reaction area through the second air inlet distribution area 21 to undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electrical energy, and then the remaining hydrogen enters the second air outlet distribution area through the second reaction area to be discharged from the anode plate 2. It can be understood that after the cathode plate 1 and the anode plate 2 are stacked together, the first reaction zone 12 and the second reaction zone can form a complete reaction zone, so that the oxygen entering the first reaction zone 12 can contact and mix with the hydrogen entering the second reaction zone, thereby generating electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction.

[0048] In order to make the oxygen more evenly distributed on the bipolar plate (i.e., the bipolar plate structure), in one embodiment, the first air inlet distribution area 11 and the first air outlet distribution area 13 are both differential distribution areas. It can be understood that the differential distribution area here is an oxygen distribution area with a differential structure, and the distribution of oxygen on the bipolar plate is improved by the design of the differential distribution area, so that the temperature distribution of the bipolar plate is more even, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction rate and hydration level, and further improving the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell.

[0049] In order to make the hydrogen more evenly distributed on the bipolar plate, in one embodiment, the second inlet distribution area 21 and the second outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas. It can be understood that the differential distribution area here is a hydrogen distribution area with a differential structure, and the distribution of hydrogen on the bipolar plate is improved by the design of the differential distribution area, so that the temperature distribution of the bipolar plate is more even, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction rate and hydration level, and further improving the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell.

[0050] In order to make the oxygen and hydrogen more evenly distributed on the bipolar plate, in one embodiment, the first gas inlet distribution area 11, the first gas outlet distribution area 13, the second gas inlet distribution area 21 and the second gas outlet distribution area are all differential distribution areas. It can be understood that the differential distribution area here is a gas distribution area with a differential structure, and the distribution of the gas on the bipolar plate is improved by the design of the differential distribution area, so that the temperature distribution of the bipolar plate is more even, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction rate and hydration level, and then improving the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell.

[0051] It can be seen from the above that the fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the utility model includes a cathode plate 1 and an anode plate 2, wherein: the cathode plate 1 includes a first air inlet distribution area 11, a first reaction area 12 and a first air outlet distribution area 13 which are connected in sequence, and the first air inlet distribution area 11 and the first air outlet distribution area 13 are both differential distribution areas; and / or the anode plate 2 includes a second air inlet distribution area 21, a second reaction area and a second air outlet distribution area which are connected in sequence, and the second air inlet distribution area 21 and the second air outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas.

[0052] When the fuel cell uses the battery bipolar plate structure provided by the utility model, since the first air inlet distribution area 11 and the first air outlet distribution area 13 on the cathode plate 1 and / or the second air inlet distribution area 21 and the second air outlet distribution area on the anode plate 2 are differential distribution areas, the uniformity of gas distribution can be improved. Therefore, the hydrogen and / or oxygen introduced into the battery bipolar plate structure can flow more evenly and stably in the battery bipolar plate structure, and the gas flow resistance is smaller, thereby improving the gas transport and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first gas inlet distribution area 11 and the first gas outlet distribution area 13 have the same structure, and both the first gas inlet distribution area 11 and the first gas outlet distribution area 13 include a first distribution section 3a, a second distribution section 4a and a third distribution section 5a which are connected in sequence. It can be understood that the oxygen introduced into the cathode plate 1 flows through the cathode plate 1 in the following way: the first gas inlet distribution area 11 (the first distribution section 3a-the second distribution section 4a-the third distribution section 5a)-the first reaction area 12-the first gas outlet distribution area 13 (the third distribution section 5a-the second distribution section 4a-the first distribution section 3a).

[0054] Furthermore, the number of flow channels of the first distribution section 3a is less than the number of flow channels of the second distribution section 4a, the number of flow channels of the second distribution section 4a is less than the number of flow channels of the third distribution section 5a, and the number of flow channels of the first distribution section 3a, the second distribution section 4a and the third distribution section 5a are in multiple relationship. It can be understood that such a design can make the first air inlet distribution area 11 play a role of uniform diversion, so that oxygen can be diverted to the first reaction area 12 more uniformly and stably. Similarly, the first air outlet distribution area 13 can play a role of uniform flow collection, so that oxygen can flow out of the cathode plate 1 more uniformly and stably.

[0055] In one embodiment, the number of flow channels of the second distribution section 4a is twice the number of flow channels of the first distribution section 3a, and the number of flow channels of the third distribution section 5a is twice the number of flow channels of the second distribution section 4a. It is understandable that such a design realizes a one-to-two and two-to-four distribution mode of oxygen, so that oxygen can flow more evenly and stably in the bipolar plate, reducing the flow resistance of oxygen, thereby improving the flow efficiency of oxygen and the combustion efficiency of the fuel cell. It should be noted that the ratio of the number of flow channels of the first distribution section 3a, the second distribution section 4a and the third distribution section 5a is not limited to 1:2:4. In other embodiments, the ratio of the number of flow channels of the first distribution section 3a, the second distribution section 4a and the third distribution section 5a can also be 1:3:6. The specific design can be made according to actual needs and is not particularly limited here.

[0056] In one embodiment, the first distribution section 3a includes a plurality of first guide ridges 31a, the second distribution section 4a includes a plurality of second guide ridges 41a, and the third distribution section 5a includes a plurality of third guide ridges 51a; every two adjacent first guide ridges 31a form a first flow channel 6a, every two adjacent second guide ridges 41a form a second flow channel 7a; every two adjacent third guide ridges 51a form a third flow channel 8a. It can be understood that each distribution section here forms a flow channel through the corresponding guide ridges to distribute and transport oxygen.

[0057] In one embodiment, the ridge width of the first guide ridge 31a is greater than the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a, and the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a is greater than the ridge width of the third guide ridge 51a. It can be understood that the ridge widths of the first guide ridge 31a, the second guide ridge 41a, and the third guide ridge 51a provided in this embodiment decrease gradually. Such a design can increase the flow space of the gas, greatly reduce the flow resistance, and ensure that the gas volume of the first inlet distribution area 11 is unchanged from the gas volume when it is divided into two and the gas volume when it is divided into four, so as to ensure the uniformity of distribution at the connection between the first inlet distribution area 11 and the first reaction area 12. Similarly, the gas volume of the first outlet distribution area 12 is unchanged from the gas volume when it is four-in-two and the gas volume when it is two-in-one, so as to ensure the uniformity of distribution at the connection between the first reaction area 12 and the first outlet distribution area 13.

[0058] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the first guide ridge 31a, the second guide ridge 41a, and the third guide ridge 51a are trapezoidal. It is understandable that the first guide ridge 31a, the second guide ridge 41a, and the third guide ridge 51a adopt a trapezoidal structure design, which can not only increase the reaction area of ​​the region, but also reduce the flow resistance of the gas, thereby improving the efficiency of gas distribution and reaction.

[0059] It is worth mentioning that, in order to simultaneously improve the uniformity of gas distribution and the efficiency of gas distribution and reaction, the cross-sections of the first guide ridge 31a, the second guide ridge 41a, and the third guide ridge 51a can be set to be trapezoidal, and at the same time, the ridge width of the first guide ridge 31a is set to be greater than the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a, and the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a is set to be greater than the ridge width of the third guide ridge 51a. That is, in one embodiment, the ridge width of the first guide ridge 31a is greater than the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a, and the ridge width of the second guide ridge 41a is greater than the ridge width of the third guide ridge 51a; the cross-sections of the first guide ridge 31a, the second guide ridge 41a, and the third guide ridge 51a are trapezoidal.

[0060] In one embodiment, the second gas inlet distribution area 21 and the second gas outlet distribution area have the same structure, and both the second gas inlet distribution area 21 and the second gas outlet distribution area include a fourth distribution section 3b, a fifth distribution section 4b and a sixth distribution section 5b which are connected in sequence. It can be understood that the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode plate 2 flows through the anode plate 2 in the following way: the second gas inlet distribution area 21 (fourth distribution section 3b-fifth distribution section 4b-sixth distribution section 5b)-second reaction area-second gas outlet distribution area (sixth distribution section 5b-fifth distribution section 4b-fourth distribution section 3b).

[0061] Further, the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section 3b is less than the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section 4b, the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section 4b is less than the number of flow channels of the sixth distribution section 5b, and the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section 3b, the fifth distribution section 4b and the sixth distribution section 5b are in multiple relationship. It can be understood that such a design can make the second gas inlet distribution area 21 play a role of uniform flow distribution, so that hydrogen can be more evenly and stably diverted to the second reaction area. Similarly, the second gas outlet distribution area can play a role of uniform flow collection, so that hydrogen can flow out of the anode plate 2 more evenly and stably.

[0062] In one embodiment, the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section 4b is twice the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section 3b, and the number of flow channels of the sixth distribution section 5b is twice the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section 4b. It can be understood that such a design realizes a one-to-two and two-to-four distribution mode of hydrogen, so that hydrogen can flow more evenly and stably in the bipolar plate, reducing the flow resistance of hydrogen, thereby improving the flow efficiency of hydrogen and the combustion efficiency of the fuel cell. It should be noted that the ratio of the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section 3b, the fifth distribution section 4b and the sixth distribution section 5b is not limited to 1:2:4. In other embodiments, the ratio of the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section 3b, the fifth distribution section 4b and the sixth distribution section 5b can also be 1:3:6. The specific design can be made according to actual needs and is not particularly limited here.

[0063] In one embodiment, the fourth distribution section 3b includes a plurality of fourth guide ridges 31b, the fifth distribution section 4b includes a plurality of fifth guide ridges 41b, and the sixth distribution section 5b includes a plurality of sixth guide ridges 51b; every two adjacent fourth guide ridges 31b form a fourth flow channel 6b, every two adjacent fifth guide ridges 41b form a fifth flow channel 7b; every two adjacent sixth guide ridges 51b form a sixth flow channel 8b. It can be understood that each distribution section here forms a flow channel through the corresponding guide ridges to distribute and transport hydrogen.

[0064] In one embodiment, the ridge width of the fourth guide ridge 31b is greater than the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b is greater than the ridge width of the sixth guide ridge 51b. It can be understood that the ridge widths of the fourth guide ridge 31b, the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the sixth guide ridge 51b provided in this embodiment decrease gradually. Such a design can increase the flow space of the gas, greatly reduce the flow resistance, and ensure that the gas volume of the second gas inlet distribution area 21 is constant from the gas volume when it is divided into two and the gas volume when it is divided into four, so as to ensure the uniformity of distribution at the connection between the second gas inlet distribution area 21 and the second reaction area. Similarly, the gas volume of the second gas outlet distribution area is constant from the gas volume when it is four-in-two and the gas volume when it is two-in-one, so as to ensure the uniformity of distribution at the connection between the second reaction area and the second gas outlet distribution area.

[0065] In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the fourth guide ridge 31b, the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the sixth guide ridge 51b are trapezoidal. It is understandable that the fourth guide ridge 31b, the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the sixth guide ridge 51b adopt a trapezoidal structure design, which can not only increase the reaction area of ​​the region, but also reduce the flow resistance of the gas, thereby improving the efficiency of gas distribution and reaction.

[0066] It is worth mentioning that, in order to simultaneously improve the uniformity of gas distribution and the efficiency of gas distribution and reaction, the cross-sections of the fourth guide ridge 31b, the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the sixth guide ridge 51b can be set to be trapezoidal, and at the same time, the ridge width of the fourth guide ridge 31b is set to be greater than the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b is set to be greater than the ridge width of the sixth guide ridge 51b. That is, in one embodiment, the ridge width of the fourth guide ridge 31b is greater than the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge 41b is greater than the ridge width of the sixth guide ridge 51b; the cross-sections of the fourth guide ridge 31b, the fifth guide ridge 41b, and the sixth guide ridge 51b are trapezoidal.

[0067] In one embodiment, the cathode plate 1 further includes an oxygen inlet area 14, a coolant inlet area 15, a hydrogen inlet area 16, a hydrogen outlet area 17, a coolant outlet area 18 and an oxygen outlet area 19, and correspondingly, the anode plate 2 further includes a hydrogen inlet area, a coolant inlet area, an oxygen inlet area, an oxygen outlet area, a coolant outlet area and a hydrogen outlet area. The oxygen inlet area 14, the first inlet distribution area 11, the first reaction area 12, the first outlet distribution area 13 and the oxygen outlet area 19 are sequentially connected to form a flow passage for oxygen; since the molar mass of oxygen is larger than that of hydrogen, it flows more slowly, therefore, the radius and number of the outlets of the oxygen inlet area 14 can be widened to allow more effective oxygen to enter the distribution area. The hydrogen inlet area, the second inlet distribution area 21, the second reaction area, the second outlet distribution area, and the hydrogen outlet area are connected in sequence to form a flow path for hydrogen. In the existing bipolar plate structure, the hydrogen inlet ports in the hydrogen inlet area are usually fewer and have relatively small apertures. Therefore, in the anode plate 2 provided in this embodiment, the aperture of the inlet port in the hydrogen inlet area is increased, and a differential structure can also be adopted to enable the hydrogen inlet area to be divided into one-two or two-four. In addition, hydrogen molecules have a small mass and flow fast, and are easy to react with reactants, which greatly reduces the adverse effects caused by the narrow hydrogen inlet port, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the fuel cell.

[0068] In summary, the fuel cell bipolar plate structure provided by the utility model utilizes the characteristics of evenly distributing gas and improves the uniformity of gas distribution through the design of differential distribution areas. Compared with the prior art, it has at least the following technical effects:

[0069] 1. Thanks to the design of the differential distribution area, the water distribution on the bipolar plate is more uniform, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the fuel cell;

[0070] 2. Thanks to the design of the differential distribution area, the distribution of hydrogen and / or oxygen on the bipolar plate is more uniform, and the gas flow resistance is smaller, thereby improving the gas transportation and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell;

[0071] 3. Thanks to the design of the differential distribution area, the current is more evenly distributed on the bipolar plate, which can increase the current density and maintain stability, thereby improving the life and stability of the fuel cell;

[0072] 4. Thanks to the design of the differential distribution area, the loss of bipolar plate materials during use is more reasonable, which is conducive to extending the service life of the fuel cell.

[0073] The utility model also provides a fuel cell, including the fuel cell bipolar plate structure. Since the fuel cell provided by the utility model includes the battery bipolar plate structure, it has the same technical effect as the battery bipolar plate structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0074] The above-mentioned implementation modes are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell bipolar plate structure, comprising a cathode plate (1) and an anode plate (2), characterized in that: The cathode plate (1) comprises a first gas inlet distribution area (11), a first reaction area (12) and a first gas outlet distribution area (13) which are connected in sequence, and the first gas inlet distribution area (11) and the first gas outlet distribution area (13) are both differential distribution areas; and / or The anode plate (2) comprises a second gas inlet distribution area (21), a second reaction area and a second gas outlet distribution area which are connected in sequence, and the second gas inlet distribution area (21) and the second gas outlet distribution area are both differential distribution areas; The first air inlet distribution area (11) and the first air outlet distribution area (13) both comprise a first distribution section (3a), a second distribution section (4a) and a third distribution section (5a) which are connected in sequence; The number of flow channels in the first distribution section (3a) is less than the number of flow channels in the second distribution section (4a), the number of flow channels in the second distribution section (4a) is less than the number of flow channels in the third distribution section (5a), and the number of flow channels in the first distribution section (3a), the second distribution section (4a) and the third distribution section (5a) are in a multiple relationship.

2. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of flow channels of the second distribution section (4a) is twice the number of flow channels of the first distribution section (3a), and the number of flow channels of the third distribution section (5a) is twice the number of flow channels of the second distribution section (4a).

3. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first distribution section (3a) includes a plurality of first guide ridges (31a), the second distribution section (4a) includes a plurality of second guide ridges (41a), and the third distribution section (5a) includes a plurality of third guide ridges (51a); Wherein: every two adjacent first guide ridges (31a) form a first flow channel (6a), every two adjacent second guide ridges (41a) form a second flow channel (7a); and every two adjacent third guide ridges (51a) form a third flow channel (8a).

4. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ridge width of the first guide ridge (31a) is greater than the ridge width of the second guide ridge (41a), and the ridge width of the second guide ridge (41a) is greater than the ridge width of the third guide ridge (51a); and / or The cross sections of the first guide ridge (31a), the second guide ridge (41a), and the third guide ridge (51a) are trapezoidal.

5. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air inlet distribution area (21) and the second air outlet distribution area both comprise a fourth distribution section (3b), a fifth distribution section (4b) and a sixth distribution section (5b) which are connected in sequence; The number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section (3b) is less than the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section (4b), the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section (4b) is less than the number of flow channels of the sixth distribution section (5b), and the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section (3b), the fifth distribution section (4b) and the sixth distribution section (5b) are in a multiple relationship.

6. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section (4b) is twice the number of flow channels of the fourth distribution section (3b), and the number of flow channels of the sixth distribution section (5b) is twice the number of flow channels of the fifth distribution section (4b).

7. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The fourth distribution section (3b) includes a plurality of fourth guide ridges (31b), the fifth distribution section (4b) includes a plurality of fifth guide ridges (41b), and the sixth distribution section (5b) includes a plurality of sixth guide ridges (51b); Wherein: every two adjacent fourth guide ridges (31b) form a fourth flow channel (6b), every two adjacent fifth guide ridges (41b) form a fifth flow channel (7b); and every two adjacent sixth guide ridges (51b) form a sixth flow channel (8b).

8. The fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ridge width of the fourth guide ridge (31b) is greater than the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge (41b), and the ridge width of the fifth guide ridge (41b) is greater than the ridge width of the sixth guide ridge (51b); and / or The cross sections of the fourth guide ridge (31b), the fifth guide ridge (41b), and the sixth guide ridge (51b) are trapezoidal in shape.

9. A fuel cell, characterized in that: It comprises the fuel cell bipolar plate structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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