Battery module, battery pack and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery module, a battery pack and an energy storage system. The battery module comprises a plurality of batteries which are sequentially arranged along a first direction. In addition to the batteries, the battery pack further comprises a heat insulation piece, and the heat insulation piece is located between every two adjacent batteries. When the heat insulation piece is specifically arranged, the heat insulation piece comprises a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer has good heat insulation performance, and the heat insulation layer can block heat conduction and restrain spreading of thermal runaway between every two adjacent batteries. The heat insulation layer is of an elastic structure and has good compressibility. Specifically, when the extrusion strength borne by the heat insulation layer is larger than or equal to 0.5 Mpa and smaller than or equal to 5.0 Mpa, the residual thickness of the heat insulation layer is larger than or equal to 20% of the gaps of the battery cells and smaller than or equal to 50% of the gaps of the battery cells. When the battery is expanded, the thermal insulating layer can provide a part of space for the expansion of the battery, so that the demand of the battery on the space due to the expansion is relieved, the attenuation of the battery is slowed down, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, a battery pack and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, the battery pack is the main power source of new energy vehicles and can be used to drive the entire vehicle. The battery is the basic unit in the battery pack that realizes the mutual conversion of chemical energy and electrical energy. With the increase of battery energy density, the safety problem of the battery has become increasingly prominent. Batteries with high energy density are prone to thermal runaway under conditions such as collision, extrusion, puncture, overheating, etc., and the battery will release a large amount of heat at the moment of thermal runaway. After the battery thermal runaway, if the heat cannot be effectively prevented from being conducted to other batteries, it is easy to cause a large number of batteries to have a chain of thermal runaway, which may cause the battery pack to catch fire or even explode. In order to prevent the spread of thermal runaway, a thermal insulation member can usually be set between two adjacent batteries. The thermal insulation member can block the conduction of heat and reduce the risk of thermal runaway spreading. In one prior art, the thermal insulation member is an aerogel pad, which has good thermal insulation properties and can reduce the heat conduction between two adjacent batteries.

[0003] However, during the use of the battery pack, as the charge and discharge proceed, the battery will expand. If the outside cannot release space for the battery expansion, there will be severe squeezing between the batteries. Under the condition of greater squeezing, the battery capacity decays faster, affecting the battery life. Although the aerogel pad can meet the thermal insulation performance, the aerogel pad has high compression resistance and cannot provide the required expansion space for the battery, which is not conducive to slowing down the battery decay and extending the battery life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a battery module, a battery pack and an energy storage system. The battery module includes a thermal insulation component, which can reduce the conduction of heat between two adjacent batteries. In addition, the thermal insulation component can also release space for the expansion of the battery, thereby slowing down the attenuation of the battery and extending the service life of the battery.

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a battery module, which includes a plurality of batteries, and the plurality of batteries are arranged in sequence along a first direction. In addition to the battery, the battery module also includes a heat insulating member, which is located between two adjacent batteries. The number of heat insulating members can be multiple, and the plurality of heat insulating members can be evenly distributed between the batteries, or can be randomly distributed. When the heat insulating member is specifically set, the heat insulating member includes a heat insulating layer, and the heat insulating layer has good heat insulating properties. Between two adjacent batteries, the heat insulating layer can block the conduction of heat and inhibit the spread of thermal runaway. In addition, the heat insulating layer is also an elastic structure and has good compressibility. Specifically, when the extrusion strength of the heat insulating layer is greater than or equal to 0.5Mpa and less than or equal to 5.0Mpa, the remaining thickness of the heat insulating layer is greater than or equal to 20% of the initial gap of the battery, and less than or equal to 50% of the above initial gap.

[0006] During the use of the battery, the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer increases with the increase in the number of battery cycles. When the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer reaches 0.5Mpa to 5.0Mpa, it means that the battery is in the late stage of its service life. At this time, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer can at least maintain 20% of the initial thickness, that is, the thermal insulation layer can still have a certain thickness for heat insulation. At the same time, the thermal insulation layer can provide at least 50% compression, thereby providing a certain buffer space for the expansion of the battery. In the early and middle stages of the battery's service life, the thermal insulation layer gradually increases the buffer space released as the degree of battery expansion changes, alleviating the battery's demand for space due to expansion and avoiding excessive squeezing between batteries, which is beneficial to slowing down battery attenuation and extending the battery's service life.

[0007] In the specific configuration, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer is 1.0Mpa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer is greater than or equal to 0.2mm. For example, under the above conditions, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer can be 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm or other values, which are not listed one by one in this application. By making the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer greater than or equal to 0.2mm when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer is 1.0Mpa, it is possible to avoid the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer being too small when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer reaches 1.0Mpa to 5.0Mpa, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation capacity of the thermal insulation layer.

[0008] In addition to the thermal insulation layer, the thermal insulation member also includes a support portion, which is located at the edge of the thermal insulation layer, and the elastic modulus of the support portion is greater than the elastic modulus of the thermal insulation layer. In this way, in the assembly process of the battery module, when a plurality of batteries stacked along the first direction are pre-tightened, the support portion can better transmit the pre-tightening force between the batteries, thereby reducing the force loss and improving the force transmission effect; and compared with the thermal insulation layer, the support portion is not prone to tangential deformation. Therefore, in the process of pre-tightening the battery, the support portion can alleviate the misalignment between the batteries, so that the batteries are arranged more neatly.

[0009] In a specific technical solution, the heat insulating member includes two support parts, which are located on opposite sides of the heat insulating layer along the second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is parallel to the bottom surface of the battery. By locating the two support parts on opposite sides of the heat insulating layer along the second direction, the battery can be used to reduce the squeezing of the internal pole piece of the battery by the support parts, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0010] When the support part is specifically installed, there are multiple installation forms. In one installation form, the bottom edge of the support part can be flush with the bottom surface of the battery. By making the bottom edge of the support part flush with the bottom surface of the battery, the colloid on the bottom surface of the box can be prevented from overflowing between the two batteries, thereby preventing the colloid from affecting the expansion of the battery after solidification.

[0011] In another installation form, a gap can be provided between the top edge of the support portion and the top edge of the end face of the battery. The end face is perpendicular to the first direction, and the heat insulating member is located between the end faces of two adjacent batteries. The width of the gap can be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 15 mm. Optionally, the width of the gap can be 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 13 mm or other values ​​within the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application. The gap can avoid the heat-affected zone formed after welding the battery shell and the cover plate, and prevent this area from being squeezed by the support portion and causing cracks, etc., thereby affecting the strength of the shell.

[0012] When the support portion is specifically provided, the support portion may be a strip structure and extend along the third direction. Compared with the size of the thermal insulation layer along the third direction, the size of the support portion along the third direction may be less than or equal to the size of the thermal insulation layer along the third direction. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0013] Compared with the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer, the thickness of the support portion may be less than or equal to the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer. After the support portion and the thermal insulation layer are installed between the two batteries, the thermal insulation layer may be in contact with the two batteries. After the battery is put into use, the thermal insulation layer may gradually release the buffer space as the degree of expansion of the battery changes, or in other words, the rebound force exerted on the battery by the thermal insulation layer may change gradually without sudden changes, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the battery. Furthermore, in the case where the thickness of the support portion is slightly smaller than the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer, after the support portion and the thermal insulation layer are installed between the two batteries, the thermal insulation layer may be in a compressed state, thereby pre-tightening the battery.

[0014] In a specific technical solution, the heat insulating member further includes a high temperature resistant film, which covers at least part of the surface of the support portion, and at least part of the surface of the heat insulating layer; the high temperature resistant film is bonded to the support portion, and the high temperature resistant film is also bonded to the heat insulating layer. The high temperature resistant film serves as a connection between the support portion and the heat insulating layer, and also serves as a heat insulating and insulating function between the two batteries.

[0015] In another specific technical solution, the high temperature resistant film is located between the heat insulation layer and the battery, and the high temperature resistant film covers at least part of the surface of the heat insulation layer. The high temperature resistant film can maintain structural stability in a high temperature environment and is not prone to decomposition or spontaneous combustion. In addition, the high temperature resistant film also has insulating properties. When the heat insulation layer is squeezed thinner, the high temperature resistant film can prevent the two batteries from being electrically connected.

[0016] When the high temperature resistant film is specifically set, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film includes multiple options. In a possible technical solution, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film may be less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Optionally, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film may be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or other values ​​within the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application. The material of the high temperature resistant film also includes multiple options, and optionally, the material of the high temperature resistant film may be mica or ceramic fiber.

[0017] For the battery, the battery includes an end face, and the end face is perpendicular to the first direction. The thermal insulation layer is located between the end faces of two adjacent batteries, and the thermal insulation layer can be bonded to the end faces by glue. In the specific setting, the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer can be smaller than the area of ​​the end face, or greater than or equal to the area of ​​the end face. In a possible technical solution, the ratio of the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer to the area of ​​the end face is greater than or equal to 0.6. Optionally, the ratio can be 0.7, 0.75, 0.8 or 0.85. By making the above ratio greater than or equal to 0.6, the thermal insulation layer can cover more than half of the area of ​​the end face, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation effect.

[0018] In the battery module, the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer can be flush with the bottom surface of the battery. By making the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer flush with the bottom surface of the battery, it is beneficial to increase the coverage area of ​​the thermal insulation layer on the battery surface and improve the thermal insulation effect. In addition, since the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer does not exceed the bottom surface of the battery, the bottom surface of the battery can be in close contact with the bottom surface of the box, thereby making the bonding effect between the battery and the box stronger. In addition, when the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer is flush with the bottom surface of the battery, the thermal insulation layer can also be in contact with the bottom surface of the box, thereby preventing the colloid on the bottom surface of the box from overflowing between the two batteries, thereby avoiding the influence of the hard object formed after the colloid solidifies on the battery expansion.

[0019] The material of the heat insulation layer also includes a variety of options. In a possible technical solution, the heat insulation layer is a foam structure. Optionally, the foam is a foamed silicone foam or a ceramic silicon foam.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a battery pack, which includes a battery box and a battery module as described in any one of the first aspects above, wherein the battery module is located in the battery box. In the battery pack, a heat insulator is provided in the battery, which can reduce the conduction of heat between two adjacent batteries; and the heat insulator can also release space for the battery to expand, thereby slowing down the attenuation of the battery and extending the service life of the battery.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an energy storage system, which includes a power converter and the battery pack described in the second aspect, the power converter and the battery pack are electrically connected, and the power converter is used to convert the current and / or voltage input to the battery pack, or to convert the current and / or voltage output from the battery pack.

[0022] The above energy storage system can be applied to electric vehicles to provide power for electric vehicles, and can also be applied to industrial equipment to provide power for the operation of industrial equipment. In the battery pack used in the above energy storage system, a thermal insulation layer is arranged between the batteries. On the one hand, the thermal insulation layer has good thermal insulation performance, which can block the conduction of heat between two adjacent batteries, inhibit the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the safety performance of the battery pack. On the other hand, the thermal insulation layer also has good compression performance. The thermal insulation layer can gradually increase the buffer space released as the degree of battery expansion changes in the early and middle stages of the battery life, alleviate the battery's demand for space due to expansion, and avoid excessive squeezing between batteries, which is conducive to slowing down the attenuation of the battery and extending the battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat insulation member provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of assembling a heat insulating member and a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 An exploded schematic diagram of a heat insulating member and a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of another thermal insulation member provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of assembling the heat insulating member and the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of assembling the heat insulating member and the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 1-battery module; 10-battery; 11-top surface; 12-bottom surface; 13-end surface; 14-side surface; 15-pole; 20-box; 30-insulating element; 31-insulating layer; 32-high temperature resistant film; 33-supporting part;

[0035] 2-battery pack; 21-housing; 3-power converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the example implementation can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the implementations set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all illustrated by taking the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes may be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0037] It should be noted that specific details are described in the following description to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementation methods disclosed below.

[0038] In order to facilitate understanding of the battery module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the following first introduces its application scenario. The battery module provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used in scenarios such as home energy storage, industrial energy storage, data center or vehicle, and can be specifically used to store and release electrical energy.

[0039] In practical applications, in order to enable the battery module to store enough electrical energy, the battery module usually includes multiple batteries, and the multiple batteries are closely arranged in the box of the battery module. With the increase of battery energy density, the safety problem of batteries has become increasingly prominent. Batteries with high energy density are prone to thermal runaway under conditions such as collision, extrusion, puncture, overheating, etc., and the battery will release a large amount of heat at the moment of thermal runaway. After the battery thermal runaway, if the heat cannot be effectively prevented from being transferred to other batteries, it is easy to cause a large number of batteries to have a chain of thermal runaway, which may cause fire or even explosion. In addition, during the use of the battery, the battery will expand as the charging and discharging proceeds. If the outside cannot release space for the battery to expand, there will be more severe extrusion between the batteries. Under the condition of large extrusion, the capacity of the battery decays faster, affecting the service life of the battery. It can be seen that between two adjacent batteries, it is necessary to insulate and reserve some space for the expansion of the battery to delay the decay of the battery and extend the service life of the battery.

[0040] In one prior art, an aerogel pad is provided between two adjacent batteries. The aerogel pad has good heat insulation performance and can reduce heat conduction between the two adjacent batteries. However, the aerogel pad has high compression resistance and cannot provide the required expansion space for the battery, which is not conducive to slowing down the attenuation of the battery and extending the service life of the battery.

[0041] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, which includes a thermal insulation component, which can reduce the conduction of heat between two adjacent batteries; and the thermal insulation component can also release space for the expansion of the battery, thereby slowing down the attenuation of the battery and extending the service life of the battery.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the battery module 1 includes a plurality of batteries 10, wherein the plurality of batteries 10 are arranged in sequence along a first direction X, and the plurality of batteries 10 can be connected in series or in parallel. In a specific embodiment, the battery module 1 also includes a box 20, and the box 20 includes two end plates, two side plates and a bottom plate, wherein the two end plates and the two side plates form a frame around the plurality of batteries 10, and the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the plurality of batteries 10 and supports the plurality of batteries 10. In a specific configuration, the bottom plate can be a liquid cooling plate.

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, each battery 10 can be regarded as a structure similar to a rectangular parallelepiped, including six surfaces, namely a top surface 11, a bottom surface 12, two end surfaces 13 and two side surfaces 14. Among them, the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the box, and the top surface 11 is located on the side of the battery 10 away from the bottom surface of the box, and the bottom surface 12 is located on the side of the battery 10 close to the bottom surface of the box. For the convenience of description, the height direction of the box can be recorded as the third direction Z. In a specific embodiment, the top surface 11 is provided with two poles 15, and the two poles 15 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The poles 15 of two adjacent batteries 10 can be connected by a bus, and the bus can make the two batteries 10 connected in series or in parallel. The two end surfaces 13 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, and the end surface 13 is the surface with the largest area in the battery 10, which can also be called the large surface of the battery 10. When the battery 10 expands, the end surface 13 will bulge outward. The two side surfaces 14 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y, and the arrangement direction of the two side surfaces 14 is consistent with the arrangement direction of the two poles 15. The first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0044] Please continue to refer to Figure 1, the battery module also includes a heat insulating member 30, and the heat insulating member 30 is arranged between two adjacent batteries 10. The number of the heat insulating members 30 can be one, or two, three or other numbers, and can be set according to actual needs. In one embodiment, the number of the heat insulating members 30 is multiple, and the multiple heat insulating members 30 are evenly distributed between the batteries 10, that is, the number of batteries 10 located between two adjacent heat insulating members 30 is the same. In specific implementation, a heat insulating member 30 can be provided for each battery 10, or a heat insulating member 30 can be provided for each two batteries 10, three batteries 10 or more than three batteries 10. The more batteries 10 there are between two adjacent heat insulating members 30, the thicker the thickness of the heat insulating member 30 needs to be set, so that when multiple batteries 10 between two adjacent heat insulating members 30 have thermal runaway, the heat insulating member 30 can play a good heat insulating role. In another embodiment, there are multiple thermal insulation members 30, and the multiple thermal insulation members 30 are randomly distributed between the batteries 10. In this case, the number of batteries 10 between two adjacent thermal insulation members 30 may be inconsistent. The thickness of the thermal insulation members 30 may be the same or different, and may be flexibly set according to the distribution of the thermal insulation members 30.

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat insulation member provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the thermal insulation member 30 includes a thermal insulation layer 31. The thermal insulation layer 31 is used to reduce heat conduction between two adjacent batteries and inhibit the spread of thermal runaway. When the thermal insulation layer 31 is specifically set, in a normal temperature environment (25°C) and without compression, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be less than or equal to 0.1W / mK, so that the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 31 is poor, and the thermal insulation layer 31 can better block the conduction of heat. When the thermal insulation layer 31 is compressed, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 will become thinner, and the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 31 will also change. In a normal temperature environment (25°C), when the compression of the thermal insulation layer 31 reaches 60% to 70% of the initial thickness, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be less than or equal to 0.3W / mK, so that the thermal insulation layer 31 can still play a good insulation role between two adjacent batteries when the compression is large.

[0046] The thermal insulation layer 31 is an elastic structure, that is, the thermal insulation layer 31 is compressible. When the battery expands, the thermal insulation layer 31 will be squeezed by the battery. Under the action of the squeezing force, the thermal insulation layer 31 can shrink, thereby providing a part of the space for the expansion of the battery and alleviating the battery's demand for space due to expansion. The compressibility of the thermal insulation layer 31 has a great influence on the battery. When the thermal insulation layer 31 is easier to compress, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 tends to become thinner under the squeezing of the battery, thereby affecting the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 31. When the thermal insulation layer 31 is more difficult to compress, the space that the thermal insulation layer 31 can release is smaller, and as the number of battery cycles increases, the expansion of the battery gradually intensifies, and the thermal insulation layer 31 will not be able to meet the battery's demand for space, and more serious squeezing is likely to occur between the batteries. When the battery is subjected to a greater degree of squeezing intensity, the battery will decay faster, affecting the battery's service life, and may also cause risks such as capacity diving or lithium precipitation. In an embodiment of the present application, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 is greater than or equal to 0.5Mpa and less than or equal to 5.0Mpa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is greater than or equal to 20% of the cell gap and less than or equal to 50% of the cell gap. If P represents the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31, L represents the cell gap, and W represents the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31, then when 0.5Mpa≤P≤5.0Mpa, 20%L≤W≤50%L. Among them, the value of P can be 1.0Mpa, 2.0Mpa, 3.0Mpa, 4.0Mpa or other values ​​within the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application. The value of W can be 25%L, 30%L, 35%L or 40%L. Of course, the value of W can also be other values ​​within the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application.

[0047] The battery gap specifically refers to the gap between two adjacent batteries with a heat insulating member disposed therebetween. Since the central area of ​​the end surface of the battery bulges outward to a greater extent than the peripheral area during the charge and discharge process, the gap between the end corners at the same position of the end surface of the two batteries can be recorded as the battery gap. In addition, in order to further improve the accuracy, multiple groups of values ​​can be measured from batteries at different positions according to the above method, and then the average value of the multiple groups of values ​​can be used as the battery gap.

[0048] In specific applications, the above-mentioned heat insulating member 30 is arranged between two adjacent batteries. In the initial stage of the battery life, the battery expands less, and the extrusion strength of the heat insulating layer 31 is less. At this time, the deformation of the heat insulating layer 31 is small, and the remaining thickness of the heat insulating layer 31 is large. As the number of battery cycles increases, the expansion of the battery gradually intensifies, and the extrusion strength of the heat insulating layer 31 also increases. Correspondingly, the deformation of the heat insulating layer 31 tends to gradually increase, while the remaining thickness of the heat insulating layer 31 tends to gradually decrease. When the battery is in the later stage of its service life, the extrusion strength of the area of ​​the heat insulating layer 31 corresponding to the position where the end surface of the battery is more seriously bulged will reach 1MPa or more. At this time, the remaining thickness of the heat insulating layer 31 in this area can at least maintain 20% of the battery gap, that is, the heat insulating layer 31 can still have a certain thickness for heat insulation. At the same time, the deformation of the heat insulating layer 31 also reaches at least 50% of the battery gap, or in other words, the heat insulating layer 31 can at least provide 50% buffer space for the battery, thereby reducing the extrusion of the battery caused by expansion.

[0049] In the specific setting, at the initial stage of the battery life, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 reaches 0.4MPa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is not less than 50% of the gap between the cells and not more than 70% of the gap between the cells. For example, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 is equal to 0.4MPa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 may be 55%, 60% or 65% of the gap between the cells. In the above embodiment, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 is small, the thermal insulation layer 31 has a small deformation amount, which can provide a buffer space for the expansion of the battery at the current stage. At the same time, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be maintained at 50% or more of the gap between the cells, thereby providing a compressible space for the expansion of the battery in the later stage, and to a certain extent avoiding the thermal insulation layer 31 from being compressed thinner in the later stage.

[0050] In the later period of the battery life, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 reaches 2.5MPa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is not less than 20% of the gap between the cells and not more than 35% of the gap between the cells. For example, when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 reaches 2.5MPa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 may be 20%, 25% or 30% of the gap between the cells. In the above embodiment, in the process of the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 gradually increasing from a small value to 2.5MPa, as the expansion degree of the battery increases, the deformation of the thermal insulation layer 31 changes from small to large, gradually providing a buffer space for the battery. Correspondingly, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 changes from large to small, and when the extrusion strength reaches 2.5MPa, the remaining thickness can still be maintained at 20% or more of the gap between the cells, thereby achieving a heat insulation effect. At the same time, the deformation of the thermal insulation layer 31 also reaches at least 65% of the gap between the batteries, thereby reducing the extrusion of the battery caused by expansion.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, when the compressive strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 is 1.0Mpa, the residual thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is greater than or equal to 0.2mm. Optionally, under the above conditions, the residual thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm or 0.5mm. For example, when the compressive strength of the thermal insulation layer 31 is 1.0Mpa, the residual thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is 0.3mm, which has a certain thermal insulation effect.

[0052] During the use of the above-mentioned thermal insulation component 30, the thermal insulation layer 31 has good thermal insulation performance on the one hand, which can block the conduction of heat between two adjacent batteries, inhibit the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the safety performance of the battery module; on the other hand, the thermal insulation layer 31 also has good compressibility. The thermal insulation layer 31 can gradually increase the released buffer space as the degree of battery expansion changes in the early and middle stages of the battery life, alleviate the battery's demand for space due to expansion, and reduce the risk of excessive extrusion between batteries, which is beneficial to slow down the battery attenuation and extend the battery life.

[0053] When the insulation layer 31 is specifically set, the shape of the insulation layer 31 includes a variety of options. Optionally, the shape of the insulation layer 31 may be rectangular, circular or elliptical. Of course, the insulation layer 31 may also be other shapes, which are not listed one by one in this application. The initial thickness of the insulation layer 31 also includes a variety of options. In some embodiments, the initial thickness L of the insulation layer 31 may be greater than or equal to 1.0 mm and less than or equal to 5.0 mm, that is, 1.0 mm ≤ L ≤ 5.0 mm. Optionally, the value of L may be 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm or 4.0 mm. Of course, the value of L may also be other values ​​within the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application. When selecting the initial thickness of the insulation layer 31, various factors may be referred to, such as the capacity of the battery. In one possible scenario, the larger the capacity of the battery, the larger the initial thickness of the insulation layer 31 selected. When the capacity of the battery is large, the battery stores more energy, which also means that the battery releases more heat at the moment of thermal runaway. Therefore, a thicker thermal insulation layer 31 can be selected to improve the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation member 30. For another example, when selecting the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31, the distribution of the thermal insulation member 30 in the battery pack can also be referred to. In a possible scenario, the more batteries are located between two adjacent thermal insulation members 30, the greater the initial thickness of the selected thermal insulation layer 31. This is because the batteries located between two adjacent thermal insulation members 30 are arranged in close proximity. Once one of the batteries has thermal runaway, it is easy to cause chain thermal runaway in other batteries. At this time, the thermal insulation member 30 needs to block the heat generated by the thermal runaway of multiple batteries. Therefore, a thicker thermal insulation layer 31 can be selected to improve the thermal insulation effect. In a specific embodiment, the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31 is 2.0 mm. After the thermal insulation layer 31 and the battery are assembled in the box, the thermal insulation layer 31 is compressed to 1.5 mm in a pre-tightened state.

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an assembly of a heat insulating member and a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, the thermal insulation layer 31 is adjacent to the end face 13 of the battery 10, and in the battery module, the thermal insulation layer 31 is arranged between the end faces 13 of two adjacent batteries 10. Specifically, the thermal insulation layer 31 can be bonded to the end face 13 by glue. When the area size of the thermal insulation layer 31 is specifically set, the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 can be smaller than the area of ​​the end face 13, or the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 can be greater than or equal to the area of ​​the end face 13. In some embodiments, in order to ensure the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 31, the ratio of the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 to the area of ​​the end face 13 can be greater than or equal to 0.6. If α represents the ratio of the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 to the area of ​​the end face 13, α≥0.6. By setting α≥0.6, the thermal insulation layer 31 can cover more than half of the area of ​​the end face 13, thereby ensuring the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 31. The specific value of α can be 0.65, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1 or 1.2. Of course, the value of α can also be other values ​​that meet the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application. In other embodiments, on the basis of satisfying α≥0.6, α≤1.0 can also be made. Within the above range, the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 is less than or equal to the area of ​​the end face 13, and the larger the value of α, the closer the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 is to the area of ​​the end face 13, the larger the area that the thermal insulation layer 31 can cover on the end face 13, and the better the thermal insulation effect.

[0055] After the thermal insulation layer 31 and the battery 10 are assembled, the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be flush with the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10. By making the thermal insulation layer 31 flush with the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10, it is beneficial to increase the coverage area of ​​the thermal insulation layer 31 on the surface of the battery 10 and improve the thermal insulation effect. In addition, since the thermal insulation layer 31 does not exceed the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10, the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10 can be in close contact with the bottom surface of the box, so that the bonding effect between the battery 10 and the box is more solid. In addition, when the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer 31 is flush with the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10, the thermal insulation layer 31 can also be in contact with the bottom surface of the box, thereby preventing the colloid on the bottom surface of the box from overflowing between the two batteries 10, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of the hard objects formed after the colloid solidifies on the expansion of the battery 10.

[0056] Continue to refer Figure 4, if the end face 13 of the battery 10 is used as a reference, when the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 is flush with the bottom face 12 of the battery 10, the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 is also flush with the bottom edge of the end face 13. It is worth noting that after the heat insulating layer 31 is squeezed, a part of the material may extend along the periphery with the change in thickness. In this case, when the heat insulating layer 31 is pasted to the end face 13 of the battery 10, a certain gap may be provided between the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 and the bottom edge of the end face 13. For example, the gap may be between 1 mm and 2 mm. The above gap can accommodate the part of the heat insulating layer 31 that extends outward after being squeezed, and finally the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 is flush or substantially flush with the bottom face 12 of the battery 10.

[0057] In other embodiments, the top edge of the heat insulating layer 31 may be flush with the top edge of the end surface 13, or located inside the top edge of the end surface 13. Similarly, the side edge of the heat insulating layer 31 may also be flush with the side edge of the end surface 13, or located inside the side edge of the end surface 13.

[0058] It should be understood that when the battery 10 expands, the central area of ​​the end face 13 bulges outward to a greater extent than the peripheral area. That is to say, between two adjacent batteries 10, the smaller the distance between the central areas of the end faces 13, the easier it is for heat to be conducted to each other. Therefore, when the thermal insulation layer 31 is set, the thermal insulation layer 31 can cover the central area of ​​the end face 13 to ensure the thermal insulation effect. In specific implementation, the thermal insulation layer 31 can be located in the middle of the end face 13 in the second direction Y, or in other words, the distance between the thermal insulation layer 31 and the two side edges of the end face 13 is equal. For example, the distance between the thermal insulation layer 31 and the two side edges of the end face 13 can be 3 mm, or less than 3 mm. In addition, the bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be flush with the bottom edge of the end face 13. At this time, the top edge of the thermal insulation layer 31 can be flush with the top edge of the end face 13, or slightly lower than the top edge of the end face 13.

[0059] When the heat insulation layer 31 is prepared, the heat insulation layer 31 may be a foam structure. Specifically, the foam may be foamed silicone foam or ceramic silicon foam.

[0060] Figure 5 An exploded schematic diagram of a heat insulating member and a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, the heat insulating member 30 further includes a high temperature resistant film 32, and the high temperature resistant film 32 is located on the side of the heat insulating layer 31 facing the battery 10, and the high temperature resistant film 32 at least covers at least a portion of the surface of the heat insulating layer 31. In specific applications, the high temperature resistant film 32 is located between the heat insulating layer 31 and the battery 10, and the high temperature resistant film 32 can be bonded to the heat insulating layer 31, and can also be bonded to the battery 10. The high temperature resistant film 32 can maintain structural stability in a higher temperature environment and is not prone to decomposition or spontaneous combustion. Optionally, the temperature resistance of the high temperature resistant film 32 can be higher than 500°C. In addition, the high temperature resistant film 32 also has insulating properties. When the heat insulating layer 31 is squeezed thinner, the high temperature resistant film 32 can prevent the two batteries 10 from being electrically connected.

[0061] When the above-mentioned high temperature resistant film 32 is specifically provided, the number of the high temperature resistant film 32 can be one or two. Taking the heat insulation layer 31 as a reference, a high temperature resistant film 32 can be provided on any side of the heat insulation layer 31 along the thickness direction, or a high temperature resistant film 32 can be provided on both sides of the heat insulation layer 31 along the thickness direction. Please continue to refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 31 includes a first surface and a second surface arranged in sequence along the thickness direction, wherein the first surface is provided with a piece of high temperature resistant film 32, and the high temperature resistant film 32 is bonded to the first surface. The second surface is also provided with a piece of high temperature resistant film 32, and the high temperature resistant film 32 is bonded to the second surface. Taking the first surface as an example, the high temperature resistant film 32 can cover the entire area of ​​the first surface, or only cover a partial area of ​​the first surface.

[0062] The thickness of the high temperature resistant film 32 includes multiple options. In one embodiment, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film 32 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Optionally, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film 32 can be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm or 0.4 mm. Of course, the thickness of the high temperature resistant film 32 can also be other values ​​that meet the above range, which are not listed one by one in this application.

[0063] When preparing the above-mentioned high temperature resistant film 32, it can be prepared by using materials with high temperature resistance and insulation properties, such as mica or ceramic fiber. It can also be prepared by using other materials, which are not listed one by one in this application.

[0064] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another thermal insulation member provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment, the thermal insulation member 30 also includes a support portion 33, the support portion 33 is located at the edge of the thermal insulation layer 31, and the elastic modulus of the support portion 33 is greater than the elastic modulus of the thermal insulation layer 31. Compared with the thermal insulation layer 31, the support portion 33 is not easily deformed, and mainly plays a supporting role between the batteries. If the elastic modulus is used to evaluate the deformation capacity of the support portion 33 and the thermal insulation layer 31, the elastic modulus of the support portion 33 is greater than the elastic modulus of the thermal insulation layer 31. As for the support portion 33 itself, at an extrusion strength of 2MPa, the size change of the support portion 33 is less than or equal to 5%. In the assembly process of the battery module, multiple batteries can be arranged along the first direction X, and the above-mentioned thermal insulation member 30 can be installed between the batteries. When a pre-tightening force is applied to the above-mentioned multiple batteries, the support portion 33 can better transmit force between the above-mentioned multiple batteries, which is conducive to reducing the loss of force and improving the force transmission effect. Furthermore, since the support portion 33 is not prone to tangential deformation, the support portion 33 can reduce the risk of misalignment between the batteries during the process of applying preload force to the batteries, so that the batteries are arranged more neatly. In addition, the support portion 33 can also make the gap between the two batteries located on both sides of the heat insulating member 30 more consistent at different positions of the battery module.

[0065] The support part 33 can be bonded and fixed to the battery, or bonded and fixed to the thermal insulation layer 31, or the support part 33 can also remain fixed under the clamping force of the two batteries. In one embodiment, the support part 33 is connected to the thermal insulation layer 31 through a backing glue. When the backing glue is specifically set, the backing glue can cover at least part of the surface of the support part 33, and the backing glue can cover at least part of the surface of the thermal insulation layer 31. Under the action of the backing glue, the support part 33 can be connected to the thermal insulation layer 31. In another embodiment, a high temperature resistant film is provided on the surface of the thermal insulation layer 31, and the high temperature resistant film covers at least part of the surface of the support part 33, and the high temperature resistant film and the thermal insulation layer 31 and the support part 33 are bonded respectively. On the one hand, the above-mentioned high temperature resistant film plays a connecting role between the support part 33 and the thermal insulation layer 31, and on the other hand, it also plays a role of heat insulation and insulation between the two batteries.

[0066] Continue to refer Figure 6In a specific embodiment, the heat insulating member 30 includes two support portions 33, which are located on both sides of the heat insulating layer 31 along the second direction Y, wherein the second direction Y is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the heat insulating layer 31, and the second direction Y is parallel to the bottom surface of the battery. Taking a wound battery as an example, inside the wound battery, the pole piece is contained in the shell in a wound state, and the winding axis of the pole piece is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the battery. After the pole piece is wound, two arc portions are formed, and there is a large buffer space between the two arc portions and the shell. The buffer space provides a part of space for the expansion of the pole piece, so that the end face expands less on the corresponding two sides. By locating the above two support portions 33 on both sides of the heat insulating layer 31 along the second direction Y, the characteristic that the end face expands less on the corresponding two sides can be utilized to reduce the squeezing of the pole piece by the support portion 33, thereby improving the safety of the battery. In addition, by arranging two support portions 33 on both sides of the heat insulating layer 31, a support effect can be provided, and the force on the heat insulating layer 31 can be more uniform.

[0067] In other embodiments, the two support parts 33 may also be located on two opposite sides of the insulation layer 31 along the third direction Z, or support parts 33 may be respectively arranged around the insulation layer 31. The support parts 33 may exist independently or be connected end to end to form a frame structure.

[0068] When the support part 33 is specifically arranged, there are various assembly relationships between the support part 33 and the battery. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an assembly of a heat insulating member and a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the bottom edge of the support portion 33 is flush with the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10. The support portion 33 can prevent the colloid on the bottom surface of the box from overflowing between the two batteries 10, thereby avoiding the adverse effect of the hard object formed after the colloid solidifies on the expansion of the battery 10. If the end surface 13 of the battery 10 is used as a reference, when the bottom edge of the support portion 33 is flush with the bottom surface 12 of the battery 10, the bottom edge of the support portion 33 can also be flush with the bottom edge of the end surface 13.

[0069] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 There is a gap A between the top edge of the support portion 33 and the top edge of the end face 13, and the size of the gap A along the third direction Z can be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 15 mm. Optionally, the size of the gap A along the third direction Z can be 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm or 13 mm. The above-mentioned gap A can avoid the heat-affected zone formed after the shell and cover plate of the battery 10 are welded, so as to prevent this area from being squeezed by the support portion 33 and causing cracks, etc., thereby affecting the strength of the shell. In other embodiments, the top edge of the support portion 33 can also be flush with the top edge of the end face 13.

[0070] In addition, the side edge of the support portion 33 away from the heat insulating layer 31 can be flush with the side edge of the end face 13, or located inside the side edge of the end face 13. In this way, the sum of the dimensions of the two support portions 33 along the second direction Y and the dimension of the heat insulating layer 31 along the second direction Y can be less than or equal to the dimension of the end face 13 along the second direction Y. In a specific embodiment, the dimension of the support portion 33 along the second direction Y is less than or equal to 10 mm. Optionally, the dimension of the support portion 33 along the second direction Y can be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm or 9 mm.

[0071] With the heat insulating layer 31 as a reference, the bottom edge of the support portion 33 may be flush with the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31; the top edge of the support portion 33 may be flush with the top edge of the heat insulating layer 31, or slightly lower than the top edge of the heat insulating layer 31. If the size of the support portion 33 along the third direction Z is compared with the size of the heat insulating layer 31 along the third direction Z, the size of the support portion 33 along the third direction Z may be less than or equal to the size of the heat insulating layer 31 along the third direction Z. Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment, the dimension of the support portion 33 along the third direction Z is smaller than the dimension of the heat insulating layer 31 along the third direction Z, and the dimension of the heat insulating layer 31 along the third direction Z is equal to the dimension of the end face 13 of the battery 10 along the direction. After the heat insulating member 30 and the battery 10 are assembled, the bottom edge of the support portion 33 can be flush with the bottom edge of the end face 13, and the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 can also be flush with the bottom edge of the end face 13. At this time, there is a gap A between the top edge of the support portion 33 and the top edge of the end face 13, and the top edge of the heat insulating layer 31 is flush with the top edge of the end face 13.

[0072] Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of assembling the heat insulating member and the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in another embodiment, the dimension of the support portion 33 along the third direction Z is equal to the dimension of the heat insulating layer 31 along the third direction Z, and is smaller than the dimension of the end face 13 of the battery 10 along the direction. After the heat insulating member 30 and the battery 10 are assembled, the bottom edge of the support portion 33 and the bottom edge of the heat insulating layer 31 can be flush with the bottom edge of the end face 13 respectively, and at this time, the top edge of the support portion 33 is flush with the top edge of the heat insulating layer 31, and there is a gap between the top edge of the end face 13.

[0073] The thickness of the support portion 33 may be equal to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31, or may be greater than or less than the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31. In one embodiment, the thickness of the support portion 33 is less than or equal to the initial thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31. After assembly, the thermal insulation layer 31 may contact two adjacent batteries. After the batteries are put into use, the thermal insulation layer 31 may gradually release expansion space as the expansion degree of the batteries changes, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the batteries. In addition, when the thickness of the support portion 33 is slightly less than the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 31, after assembly, the thermal insulation layer 31 is in a compressed state, thereby making the thermal insulation layer 31 and the batteries closer.

[0074] When the structure of the support portion 33 is specifically set, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the support portion 33 may be a strip-shaped structure extending along the third direction Z, and the heat insulation layer 31 is located between two strip-shaped structures. Alternatively, the support portion 33 may also include two sub-parts, which are arranged along the third direction Z at intervals.

[0075] When the supporting part 33 is specifically prepared, the supporting part 33 may be an aerogel pad or foam.

[0076] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack 2, which includes a housing 21 and a battery module 1, and the battery module 1 is arranged in the housing 21. In specific configuration, the battery pack 2 may include one battery module 1 or multiple battery modules 1. Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, in one embodiment, the battery pack 2 includes four battery modules 1. In a specific implementation, the four battery modules 1 are arranged in series, wherein the battery modules 1 at both ends can be connected to the load respectively, thereby forming a discharge circuit for discharging the load; or, the battery modules 1 at both ends can also be connected to the charging power supply respectively, thereby forming a charging circuit for charging each battery module.

[0077] The embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage system, which is a device that stores electrical energy through a certain medium and releases the stored energy to generate electricity when needed. It can be used as a load balancing device and backup power supply in electronic devices such as servers and supercomputers, or in electric vehicles. According to the different requirements of the application scenario for power consumption, the energy storage system can be specifically divided into a cabinet-level energy storage system and a container-level energy storage system. Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.10As shown, in one embodiment, the energy storage system includes a battery pack 2 and a power converter 3, wherein the battery pack 2 is the main device for storing electric energy in the energy storage system, and the power converter 3 is electrically connected to the battery pack 2. The power converter 3 can be used to convert the current input to the battery pack 2 or the current output from the battery pack, or can also be used to convert the voltage input to the battery pack 2 or the voltage output from the battery pack 2, so as to match the power of the energy storage system with that of an external power supply device or a power-consuming device.

[0078] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: It includes a heat insulating member and a plurality of batteries, wherein the plurality of batteries are arranged in sequence along a first direction, and the heat insulating member is located between two adjacent batteries; The thermal insulation component includes a thermal insulation layer, which is an elastic structure; when the extrusion strength of the thermal insulation layer is greater than or equal to 0.5Mpa and less than or equal to 5.0Mpa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer is greater than or equal to 20% of the battery gap and less than or equal to 50% of the battery gap.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the compressive strength of the thermal insulation layer is 1.0 MPa, the remaining thickness of the thermal insulation layer is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm.

3. The battery module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermal insulation member further includes a supporting portion, the supporting portion is located at an edge of the thermal insulation layer, and an elastic modulus of the supporting portion is greater than an elastic modulus of the thermal insulation layer.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support parts are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the heat insulation layer along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is parallel to the bottom surface of the battery.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the support portion is flush with the bottom surface of the battery.

6. The battery module according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The battery comprises an end face, the end face is perpendicular to the first direction, the heat insulating member is located between two adjacent end faces of the battery; a gap exists between the top edge of the support portion and the top edge of the end face.

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The support portion is a strip structure, the strip structure extends along a third direction, and the size of the strip structure along the third direction is less than or equal to the size of the thermal insulation layer along the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction.

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The thermal insulation component also includes a high temperature resistant film, which covers at least a portion of the surface of the support portion and at least a portion of the surface of the thermal insulation layer. The high temperature resistant film is bonded to the support portion and is also bonded to the thermal insulation layer.

9. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The heat insulating member further comprises a high temperature resistant film, wherein the high temperature resistant film is located between the heat insulating layer and the battery, and the high temperature resistant film at least covers a portion of the surface of the heat insulating layer.

10. The battery module according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the high temperature resistant film is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

11. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The battery includes an end face, the end face is perpendicular to the first direction, the thermal insulation member is located between two adjacent end faces of the battery; the ratio of the area of ​​the thermal insulation layer to the area of ​​the end face is greater than or equal to 0.

6.

12. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the thermal insulation layer is flush with the bottom surface of the battery.

13. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer is a foam structure.

14. A battery pack, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell and a battery module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery module is located in the shell.

15. An energy storage system, characterized in that: It includes a power converter and a battery pack as described in claim 14, wherein the power converter is connected to the battery pack, the power converter is used to perform power conversion on the current or voltage input to the battery pack, and / or the power converter is used to perform power conversion on the current and / or voltage output from the battery pack.

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