Fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxygen-fuel combustion test

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of reaction furnaces, and provides a fluidized bed furnace suitable for an oxygen-fuel combustion test, which comprises a reactor, a sealing plug, an air inlet system, a flow guide structure and a partition plate, the reactor is a vertical reactor, the diameter of the reactor is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the sealing plug is arranged at one end with larger diameter of the reactor; and the smaller-diameter end of the reactor is connected with the gas inlet system. The reactor is set to be a variable-diameter reactor, and the wind speed at the top of the reactor is reduced by a large-diameter section, so that materials can settle under the action of gravity and continue to participate in heating reaction; the diameter of the fluidization section is reduced, so that the wind speed is moderate; a partition plate and a flow guide structure are arranged in the reactor, so that the uniformity of the material when the material is blown up is ensured, and the material is fluidized; the diameter of the bottom section is smaller, high wind speed is guaranteed, and materials are prevented from falling into the bottom of the reactor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reaction furnaces, in particular to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion tests. Background Art

[0002] In view of the current problems that the full oxygen combustion process parameters of cement kilns are difficult to determine, and direct transformation projects are large, investment is high, and risks are high, it is a common practice to use laboratories or small-scale devices to simulate the flue gas heating raw material decomposition process and determine the corresponding systems and control parameters.

[0003] In the actual test process, the following methods are usually used to simulate the flue gas heating raw material decomposition process.

[0004] The first method is to use a suspended decomposition furnace, which is a vertical decomposition furnace. The material is added from the top and slowly falls under the action of gravity. The gas is injected from the bottom and exchanges heat with the material in reverse. The main problems are: the material falls from top to bottom by gravity, the residence time is short, and the decomposition rate is low; the decomposition furnace is about two meters high and occupies a large area; the decomposition furnace is made of heat-resistant steel, and it is not easy to observe the movement of the material.

[0005] The second method is to use the conventional laboratory method to study the decomposition rate of silicate materials, using a muffle furnace for static calcination, setting a certain time and temperature, and then measuring the decomposition rate. The main problem is that the material is in a piled state, which is too different from the boiling or fluidized state in actual production.

[0006] Another method uses a laboratory micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer to simulate the flue gas heating raw material decomposition process. The main problems are: first, it is difficult to add materials, and the materials added by pulses tend to fall to the bottom of the reactor; second, materials with smaller particles are easily blown out of the reactor; third, the fluidization ability is weak. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model provides a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test, which is used to solve the defects of the prior art micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer used in the laboratory, that the material is easy to fall into the bottom of the reactor and the material fluidization ability is weak.

[0008] The utility model provides a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test, comprising: a reactor, a sealing plug, an air intake system, a flow guide structure and a partition, wherein the reactor is a vertical reactor, the diameter of which decreases step by step from top to bottom, the sealing plug is arranged at the end of the reactor with a larger diameter, and the end of the reactor with a smaller diameter is connected to the air intake system; the partition is arranged in the reactor, the partition is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of 70%-90% of the material particles.

[0009] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, the guide structure includes a plurality of guide plates, and an air flow channel is formed between two adjacent guide plates.

[0010] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, the reactor is divided into a first diameter section, a second diameter section and a third diameter section, the diameter of the first diameter section is larger than the diameter of the second diameter section, and the diameter of the second diameter section is larger than the diameter of the third diameter section; the partition and the guide structure are arranged in the second diameter section, the third diameter section, the second diameter section and the part of the first diameter section close to the second diameter section are heating sections, and the remaining part of the first diameter section is a cooling section.

[0011] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, the third diameter section is a preheating section, and the heating temperature of the second diameter section and the partial section of the first diameter section close to the second diameter section is greater than the heating temperature of the third diameter section.

[0012] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, the guide structure includes a plurality of guide plates, and an air flow channel is formed between two adjacent guide plates.

[0013] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, the air intake system includes: multiple gas sources, a mixing furnace and a preheating mechanism, the multiple gas sources are connected to the mixing furnace so that multiple gases are mixed in the mixing furnace; the mixing furnace is connected to the preheating mechanism, and the preheating mechanism is connected to the reactor.

[0014] According to a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model, each gas source includes: a gas cylinder, a first pipeline, a first control valve and a first flow meter, the gas cylinder is connected to the mixing furnace through the first pipeline, and the first control valve and the first flow meter are arranged on the first pipeline.

[0015] According to the utility model, a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a tail gas treatment system, and the tail gas treatment system is connected to the end of the reactor with a larger diameter.

[0016] According to the utility model, a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a circulation system, which includes: a second pipeline, a second control valve and a second flow meter, the two ends of the second pipeline are respectively connected to the exhaust gas treatment system and the end with a smaller diameter of the reactor; the second control valve and the second flow meter are arranged on the second pipeline.

[0017] According to the utility model, a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a measurement and control system and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is arranged in the reactor, and the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the reactor; the measurement and control system is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, and the measurement and control system is used to display the temperature.

[0018] According to the utility model, a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure in the reactor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and the measurement and control system is used to display the pressure.

[0019] The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model has a reactor that is set as a reactor with a variable diameter, and the large diameter section reduces the wind speed at the top of the reactor, so that the material can settle under the action of gravity and continue to participate in the heating reaction; the diameter of the fluidized section becomes smaller, so that the wind speed is moderate; by arranging a partition and a guide structure in the reactor, the uniformity of the material when being blown up is guaranteed, so that the material is in a fluidized state; the bottom section has a smaller diameter, so that a higher wind speed is guaranteed, and the material is prevented from falling into the bottom of the reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Reactor; 2. Baffle; 3. Guide structure; 11. First diameter section; 12. Second diameter section; 13. Third diameter section; 14. Sealing plug; 41. Gas cylinder; 42. First control valve; 43. First flow meter; 44. Mixing furnace; 45. Preheating mechanism; 46. First pipeline; 51. First tail gas treatment mechanism; 52. Second tail gas treatment mechanism; 61. Second pipeline; 62. Second flow meter; 63. Second control valve; 71. Pressure sensor; 72. Measurement and control system; 73. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] Combine the following Figure 1 The utility model describes a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the utility model, a fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test comprises: a reactor 1, a sealing plug 14, an air intake system, a flow guide structure 3 and a partition 2. The reactor 1 is a vertical reactor, and the diameter of the reactor 1 decreases step by step from top to bottom. The end of the reactor 1 with a larger diameter is provided with a sealing plug 14, and the end of the reactor 1 with a smaller diameter is connected to the air intake system. The partition 2 is arranged in the reactor 1, and the partition 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is less than the diameter of 70%-90% of the material particles. The flow guide structure 3 is arranged in the reactor 1 and is located below the partition 2. The flow guide structure 3 is used to guide the airflow to be evenly distributed.

[0027] Specifically, before the test, the material is spread on the partition 2, the sealing plug 14 is inserted into the top end of the reactor 1, and the gas enters from the bottom of the reactor 1. The reactor 1 is heated, the gas blows up the material to keep it fluidized, and the material undergoes physical and chemical reactions in the reactor 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the partition 2 has a plurality of tiny holes to facilitate the passage of gas. At the same time, the diameter of the through hole on the partition 2 is smaller than the particle size of 70%-90% of the material particles, that is, the partition 2 can prevent most of the material from falling into the bottom of the reactor 1, and can make the material spread on the partition 2, so that when the gas blows up the material, the material can remain fluidized. The guide structure 3 is arranged below the partition 2, and the gas flows evenly after being guided by the guide structure 3, so that the material is evenly blown up, and the material with a particle size smaller than the through hole diameter is prevented from falling to the bottom of the reactor 1. In addition, the tiny holes can also guide the airflow, so that the gas passes through the partition 2 evenly, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the material when it is in a floating state. In this embodiment, a sealing plug 14 is provided at the top of the reactor 1 to prevent the material from being blown out of the reactor 1.

[0029] Optionally, the guide structure 3 may have various shapes, such as a circular plate with a plurality of through holes, so that the gas is evenly distributed after passing through the circular plate, and can evenly pass through the partition 2.

[0030] Optionally, the flow-guiding structure 3 may also be a plate body with an arc-shaped surface, on which a plurality of through holes are provided, so that the gas can be evenly distributed after passing through the plate body with the arc-shaped surface, thereby evenly passing through the partition plate 2 .

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the diameter of the reactor 1 decreases from top to bottom, that is, the diameter of the bottom section of the reactor 1 is the smallest, while the diameter of the top section of the reactor 1 is the largest. The diameter of the bottom section of the reactor 1 is the smallest, which is convenient for connecting with the air intake system, and the diameter of the top section is the largest, which is conducive to sharply reducing the wind speed, so that the material settles under the action of gravity and continues to participate in the heating reaction.

[0032] The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the embodiment of the utility model has a reactor set as a variable diameter reactor, and the large diameter section reduces the wind speed at the top of the reactor, so that the material can settle under the action of gravity and continue to participate in the heating reaction; the diameter of the fluidized section becomes smaller, so that the wind speed is moderate; by arranging partitions and guide structures in the reactor, the uniformity of the material when being blown up is guaranteed, so that the material is in a fluidized state; the bottom section has a smaller diameter, which ensures a higher wind speed and prevents the material from falling into the bottom of the reactor.

[0033] In the embodiment of the utility model, the reactor 1 is divided into a first diameter section 11, a second diameter section 12 and a third diameter section 13, the diameter of the first diameter section 11 is larger than the diameter of the second diameter section 12, and the diameter of the second diameter section 12 is larger than the diameter of the third diameter section 13. The partition 2 and the flow guide structure 3 are arranged in the second diameter section 12, the third diameter section 13, the second diameter section 12 and the part of the first diameter section 11 close to the second diameter section 12 are heating sections, and the remaining part of the first diameter section 11 is a cooling section.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the reactor 1 is divided into three sections, wherein the diameter of the first diameter section 11 is 100 mm-150 mm, the diameter of the second diameter section 12 is 30 mm-40 mm, and the diameter of the third diameter section 13 is 6 mm.

[0035] The partition plate 2 and the guide structure 3 are arranged in the middle section. The reason for arranging the partition plate 2 and the guide structure 3 in this section is that the diameter of this section is in the middle, and the wind speed of the gas in this section is moderate, which can ensure that the material is in a fluidized state and avoid blowing the material to the sealing plug 14 due to excessive wind speed.

[0036] Further, in the present embodiment, the air intake system is used to preheat the gas once, and the third diameter section 13 is used to preheat the gas twice. The secondary preheating can heat the gas to a set temperature, and the highest heating temperature is 1300°C. The second diameter section 12 is a heating section, and the part of the first diameter section 11 close to the second diameter section 12 is also a heating section. The heating temperature of the second diameter section 12 and the part of the first diameter section 11 close to the second diameter section 12 is greater than the heating temperature of the third diameter section 13. The part of the first diameter section 11 connected to the sealing plug 14 is a cooling section, wherein the length of the cooling section is less than the length of the heating section. The cooling section is used to cool the gas to prevent the temperature at the outlet of the reactor 1 from being too high, and at the same time, it can also ensure the service life of the sealing plug 14. In the present embodiment, the material of the sealing plug 14 can be a high temperature resistant material.

[0037] In the embodiment of the utility model, the flow guide structure 3 includes a plurality of flow guide plates, and an air flow channel is formed between two adjacent flow guide plates. In the embodiment, the flow guide structure 3 is arranged at the transition section between the second diameter section 12 and the third diameter section 13, and the gas is evenly distributed after passing through each air flow channel.

[0038] Furthermore, each guide plate can be a flat plate or a plate with an arc surface. The purpose of its setting is to guide the gas to various places of the second diameter section 12 to avoid the gas flowing from the third diameter section 13 to the second diameter section 12. Because the diameter of the third diameter section 13 is smaller than the diameter of the second diameter section 12, the gas only flows along the center of the second diameter section 12, thereby failing to blow up the material outside the central area of ​​the partition 2, or allowing the material with a smaller particle size outside the central area to enter the interior of the reactor 1, thereby failing to make the material fluidized as a whole.

[0039] The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the embodiment of the utility model can ensure uniform airflow by arranging a flow guide structure in the second diameter section, thereby making the flow state of the material better.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, the air intake system includes: a multi-channel gas source, a mixing furnace 44 and a preheating mechanism 45, and the multi-channel gas source is connected to the mixing furnace 44 so that the multi-channel gas is evenly mixed in the mixing furnace 44. The mixing furnace 44 is connected to the preheating mechanism 45, and the preheating mechanism 45 is connected to the reactor 1.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the gas source includes air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc., and various gases are mixed in the mixing furnace 44 and then enter the preheating mechanism 45. The preheating mechanism 45 is an electric heating device, which can preheat the gas to 500° C. The preheated gas enters the reactor 1 from the bottom of the reactor 1.

[0042] Furthermore, each gas source includes: a gas cylinder 41, a first pipeline 46, a first control valve 42 and a first flow meter 43. The gas cylinder 41 is connected to the mixing furnace 44 through the first pipeline 46, and the first control valve 42 and the first flow meter 43 are arranged on the first pipeline 46. The first control valve 42 is used to adjust the flow of the gas in the first pipeline 46, and the first flow meter 43 is used to detect the flow of the gas in the first pipeline 46 so that the gas flow reaches the set value.

[0043] In an embodiment of the utility model, multiple gas sources can be set according to the types of gases required for the test. For example, if the test requires air, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, four gas sources can be set, and each gas source is independently controlled to be on and off and flow rate. During the test, the opening size of each first control valve 42 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to accurately control the flow rate of each gas.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the fluidized bed furnace suitable for the full oxygen combustion test also includes a tail gas treatment system, and the tail gas treatment system is connected to the end of the reactor 1 with a larger diameter.

[0045] Specifically, the tail gas treatment system includes: a first tail gas treatment mechanism 51 and a second tail gas treatment mechanism 52. The tail gas generated by the reaction in the reactor 1 can be processed by the first tail gas treatment mechanism 51 and the second tail gas treatment mechanism 52 in sequence to achieve the recovery and utilization of the tail gas.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the utility model, the fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a circulation system, the circulation system includes: a second pipeline 61, a second flow meter 62 and a second control valve 63, the two ends of the second pipeline 61 are respectively connected to the exhaust gas treatment system and the end with a smaller diameter of the reactor 1, and the second control valve 63 and the second flow meter 62 are both arranged on the second pipeline 61.

[0047] Specifically, after the exhaust gas generated after the reaction in the reactor 1 is treated by the first exhaust gas treatment mechanism 51, if the gas meets the reuse standard, the gas enters the reactor 1 through the second pipeline 61 and is heated and reused again; if the quality of the gas still cannot meet the use standard after being treated by the first exhaust gas treatment mechanism 51, the gas can be passed into the second exhaust gas treatment mechanism 52 for further treatment.

[0048] Furthermore, the second control valve 63 is used to adjust the flow rate of the gas in the second pipeline 61, and the second flow meter 62 is used to detect the actual flow rate of the gas in the second pipeline 61 so that the actual flow rate reaches the set value.

[0049] The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the embodiment of the utility model can recycle the treated exhaust gas by setting up an exhaust gas treatment system and a circulation system. The treated exhaust gas has a certain temperature and does not need to be preheated for the first time, and can directly enter the reactor for preheating, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, the fluidized bed furnace suitable for the full oxygen combustion test further includes a temperature sensor 73 and a measurement and control system 72. The temperature sensor 73 is arranged on the reactor 1, and the measurement and control system 72 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 73. The temperature sensor 73 is used to detect the temperature of the reactor 1, and the measurement and control system 72 has a display screen, which can display the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 73 on the display screen.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test also includes a pressure sensor 71, which is electrically connected to a measurement and control system 72. The pressure sensor 71 is used to detect the pressure in the reactor 1. The pressure sensor 71 is electrically connected to the measurement and control system 72. The measurement and control system 72 is used to display the pressure in the reactor 1.

[0052] The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test provided by the embodiment of the utility model has more reaction materials and is closer to reality; the reactor size is relatively small, the reaction time is easy to control, and multiple parameters can be obtained through experiments, which overcomes the problems of slow heat transfer and uneven heat transfer caused by too much material accumulation, and also solves the problems of difficulty in adding materials, weak fluidization ability, and material particles being easily blown out of the reactor.

[0053] The following is a detailed description of the test operation process of the fluidized bed furnace suitable for the full oxygen combustion test.

[0054] Open the sealing plug 14, add a certain amount of material into the reactor 1, and spread the material on the partition 2. Open the first control valve 42 in each gas source, and adjust the valve opening of the first control valve 42 to make the flow rate of each gas reach the set value.

[0055] The preheating mechanism 45 and the heating device of the reactor 1 are turned on, and the target temperature is set.

[0056] After stabilization, the tail gas treatment system and the circulation system are turned on according to the test requirements. After the gases from each route are mixed in the mixing furnace 44, they enter the preheating mechanism 45 for preheating. The preheated gas enters the third diameter section 13 of the reactor 1, and then passes through the guide structure 3 and the partition 2 to blow up the material to maintain fluidization. The material undergoes physical and chemical reactions in the reactor 1, and the gas flows upward, passes through the cooling section of the first diameter section 11, and enters the tail gas treatment system.

[0057] After the reaction is finished, close each control valve, preheating mechanism and heating device, take out the sealing plug, tilt the reactor 1, and pour out the material.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxyfuel combustion test, characterized in that: include: A reactor, a sealing plug, an air intake system, a flow guide structure and a baffle, wherein the reactor is a vertical reactor, the diameter of which decreases step by step from top to bottom, the sealing plug is arranged at the end of the reactor with a larger diameter, and the air intake system is connected to the end of the reactor with a smaller diameter; The partition is arranged in the reactor, and the partition is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the particle size of 70%-90% of the material particles; The flow guiding structure is arranged in the reactor and is located below the partition plate. The flow guiding structure is used to guide the air flow to be evenly distributed.

2. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide structure includes a plurality of guide plates, and an air flow channel is formed between two adjacent guide plates.

3. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is divided into a first diameter section, a second diameter section and a third diameter section, the diameter of the first diameter section is larger than the diameter of the second diameter section, and the diameter of the second diameter section is larger than the diameter of the third diameter section; The partition and the guide structure are arranged in the second diameter section, the third diameter section, the second diameter section and a portion of the first diameter section close to the second diameter section are heating sections, and the remaining portion of the first diameter section is a cooling section.

4. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third diameter section is a preheating section, and the heating temperature of the second diameter section and a portion of the first diameter section close to the second diameter section is greater than the heating temperature of the third diameter section.

5. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxyfuel combustion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake system comprises: multiple gas sources, a mixing furnace and a preheating mechanism, wherein the multiple gas sources are connected to the mixing furnace so that multiple gases are mixed in the mixing furnace; The mixing furnace is connected to the preheating mechanism, and the preheating mechanism is connected to the reactor.

6. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxyfuel combustion test according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each gas source includes: a gas cylinder, a first pipeline, a first control valve and a first flow meter. The gas cylinder is connected to the mixing furnace through the first pipeline. The first control valve and the first flow meter are arranged on the first pipeline.

7. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tail gas treatment system, which is connected to the end of the reactor with a larger diameter.

8. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for full oxygen combustion test according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a circulation system, which includes: a second pipeline, a second control valve and a second flow meter, and the two ends of the second pipeline are respectively connected to the tail gas treatment system and the end with a smaller diameter of the reactor; The second control valve and the second flow meter are arranged on the second pipeline.

9. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxyfuel combustion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a measurement and control system and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the reactor and is used to detect the temperature of the reactor; The measurement and control system is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, and the measurement and control system is used to display the temperature.

10. The fluidized bed furnace suitable for oxyfuel combustion test according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure in the reactor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the measurement and control system, and the measurement and control system is used to display the pressure.

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