Inverter and energy storage device
By setting up a leak diode between the lightning protection circuit and the power conversion circuit, the circuit damage caused by untimely energy discharge during lightning strike is solved, the safety and stability of the inverter is improved, and the probability of damage caused by lightning strike is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422360446.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-26
AI Technical Summary
Due to the delay of the lightning protection circuit during lightning strike, some energy flows through the internal power conversion circuit, causing circuit damage, especially in high-frequency applications, which reduces the damping of the system and increases the probability of damage.
A diode is provided between the lightning protection circuit and the power conversion circuit, especially the leakage diode, to timely discharge energy when lightning strikes, protect the power conversion circuit, and provide a current loop when the photovoltaic module is reversed.
It improves the safety of the inverter and reduces the probability of damage caused by lightning strikes. At the same time, it provides a current loop when the photovoltaic module is reversed, enhancing the stability and safety of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223218999U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to an inverter and an energy storage device. Background Art
[0002] Photovoltaic panels are located outdoors and are susceptible to lightning. Therefore, inverters are designed with lightning protection circuits to dissipate lightning strikes and surge energy to the ground, protecting the internal power conversion circuitry. However, due to the delayed operation of the lightning protection circuitry, some energy still flows through the internal power conversion circuitry, causing damage. Especially when inverters are used at high frequencies, increasing the switching frequency can reduce the peak-to-peak inductor current and the effective value of the AC component of the current. This reduces the inductor's inductance and size, as well as the filter capacitor's capacity and size, leading to smaller and lighter products, lowering costs while improving installation efficiency and user experience. However, this reduced inductance reduces system damping, allowing higher currents to flow through the internal power conversion circuitry in the event of lightning strikes or high surge currents, potentially damaging the internal circuitry. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the present application provides an inverter and an energy storage device to discharge energy in a timely manner when a lightning strike occurs, thereby improving the safety of the inverter and reducing the probability of the inverter being damaged by lightning strikes.
[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an inverter, comprising a photovoltaic interface, a lightning protection circuit, a power conversion circuit, and a first leakage diode. The photovoltaic interface is used to connect to a photovoltaic module, and includes a positive input interface and a negative input interface. The power conversion circuit includes an input terminal connected to the photovoltaic interface, and includes a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal. The first and second terminals of the lightning protection circuit are respectively connected to the positive input interface and the negative input interface, and the third terminal of the lightning protection circuit is grounded. The anode of the first leakage diode is connected to the negative input interface, and the cathode of the first leakage diode is connected to the positive input interface.
[0005] In one embodiment, the inverter further includes a second leakage diode, wherein an anode of the second leakage diode is connected to the negative input terminal, and a cathode of the second leakage diode is connected to the positive input terminal.
[0006] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit includes a first capacitor, a first inductor, a first switching tube, a first switching diode and a third leakage diode. The inverter also includes a first bus capacitor, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, the anode of the first switching diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, the cathode of the first switching diode serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the first switching tube serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the first inductor serves as the positive input end, the second end of the first capacitor serves as the negative input end, the anode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first switching tube, the cathode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, and the two ends of the first bus capacitor are respectively connected to the positive output end and the negative output end.
[0007] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit includes a first capacitor, a first inductor, a first switching tube, a first switching diode and a third leakage diode. The inverter also includes a first bus capacitor, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the second end of the first inductor, the cathode of the first switching diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, the anode of the first switching diode serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the first switching tube serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the first capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the first capacitor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit, the anode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first switching tube, the cathode of the third leakage diode is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, and the two ends of the first bus capacitor are connected to the positive output end and the negative output end, respectively.
[0008] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a second switch diode, a third capacitor, a third switch diode and a fourth switch diode, and the inverter further includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein the first end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second switch tube, the second end of the second switch tube is connected to the first end of the third switch tube, the second end of the third switch tube is connected to the second end of the second capacitor, the anode of the second switch diode is connected to the first end of the second switch tube, and the cathode of the second switch diode is connected to the cathode of the third switch diode. anode, the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second switching diode, the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switching tube, the anode of the fourth switching diode is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second capacitor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit, the cathode of the third switching diode serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the third switching tube serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end, and the cathode of the fourth switching diode is connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
[0009] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a second switching diode, a third capacitor, a third switching diode and a fourth switching diode, and the inverter further includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein the first end of the second switching tube is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second switching tube is connected to the first end of the third switching tube, the second end of the third switching tube is connected to the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor, the cathode of the second switching diode is connected to the second end of the third switching tube, and the anode of the second switching diode is connected to the cathode, the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the anode of the second switching diode, the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switching tube, the cathode of the fourth switching diode is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second inductor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the second switching tube serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the anode of the third switching diode serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end, and the anode of the fourth switching diode is connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
[0010] In one embodiment, a power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a second switching transistor, a third switching transistor, a second switching diode, and a third switching diode, and the inverter further includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein a first end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, a second end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor, a second end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor, a second end of the third switching transistor is connected to the first end of the third inductor, and a second end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor; the first end of the second inductor serves as a positive input end of the power conversion circuit, and the second end of the third inductor serves as a negative input end of the power conversion circuit; an anode of the second switching diode is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor, a cathode of the second switching diode serves as a positive output end of the power conversion circuit, a cathode of the third switching diode is connected to the second end of the third switching transistor, and an anode of the third switching diode serves as a negative output end of the power conversion circuit; the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end, and the second end of the second switching transistor is further connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
[0011] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit further includes a fourth leakage diode, wherein the cathode of the fourth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the second switch tube, and the anode of the fourth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the third switch tube.
[0012] In one embodiment, the power conversion circuit further includes a fifth leakage diode and a sixth leakage diode, wherein the cathode of the fifth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the second switch tube, the anode of the fifth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the second switch tube, the cathode of the sixth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the third switch tube, and the anode of the sixth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the third switch tube.
[0013] In one embodiment, the inverter also includes a first anti-interference circuit, a filter circuit and a second anti-interference circuit, wherein the first end of the first anti-interference circuit is connected to the positive input interface, the second end of the first anti-interference circuit is connected to the negative input interface, and the third end of the first anti-interference circuit is grounded; the positive input interface and the negative input interface are connected to the positive input end and the negative input end through the filter circuit; the first end of the second anti-interference circuit is connected to the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second anti-interference circuit is connected to the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, and the third end of the second anti-interference circuit is grounded.
[0014] A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising a battery and an inverter as described in any one of the above items.
[0015] The inverter provided in this application incorporates a diode between the lightning protection circuit and the power conversion circuit. When a lightning strike occurs, the first bleeder diode dissipates the lightning energy before the lightning protection circuit activates, protecting the power conversion circuit. This improves the inverter's safety and reduces the probability of damage from lightning strikes. Furthermore, the first bleeder diode provides a current loop when the photovoltaic modules are reversely connected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In each of the drawings, similar components are numbered similarly.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application environment of an inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0018] Figure 2 A partial circuit block diagram of an inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Figure 3 A partial circuit block diagram of an inverter provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0020] Figure 4 A partial circuit block diagram of an inverter provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit and a second anti-interference circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit and a second anti-interference circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0024] Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Figure 9 A circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Figure 10 A circuit block diagram of an energy storage device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0028] It is understood that the connection relationships described in this application refer to direct or indirect connections. For example, the connection between A and B can be either a direct connection between A and B or an indirect connection between A and B via one or more other electrical components. For example, A and C can be directly connected, and C can be directly connected to B, so that A and B are connected through C. It is also understood that the description of "A connecting to B" in this application can be a direct connection between A and B or an indirect connection between A and B via one or more other electrical components.
[0029] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
[0030] In the description of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and do not limit the quantity or execution order. In addition, words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean different. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.
[0032] The following will describe some embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.
[0033] Photovoltaic panels are located outdoors and are susceptible to lightning. Therefore, inverters are designed with lightning protection circuits to dissipate lightning strikes and surge energy to the ground, protecting the internal power conversion circuitry. However, due to the delayed operation of the lightning protection circuitry, some energy still flows through the internal power conversion circuitry, causing damage. Especially when inverters are used at high frequencies, increasing the switching frequency can reduce the peak-to-peak inductor current and the effective value of the AC component of the current. This reduces the inductor's inductance and size, as well as the filter capacitor's capacity and size, leading to smaller and lighter products, lowering costs while improving installation efficiency and user experience. However, this reduced inductance reduces system damping, allowing higher currents to flow through the internal power conversion circuitry in the event of lightning strikes or high surge currents, potentially damaging the internal circuitry.
[0034] Based on this, the present application provides an inverter and an energy storage device to discharge energy in a timely manner when a lightning strike occurs, thereby improving the safety of the inverter and reducing the probability of the inverter being damaged by lightning strikes.
[0035] First, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the application environment of the inverter provided in one embodiment of the present application. It is understandable that the inverter 10 can be used to connect the photovoltaic module 20, the battery 30, the power grid 40 and the load 50. It is understandable that the inverter 10 can obtain the DC power output by the photovoltaic module 20 for power conversion to supply power to the load 50 and / or charge the battery 30. After the DC power output by the photovoltaic module 20 meets the power requirements of the battery 30 and the load 50, the inverter 10 can also feed power to the power grid 40. When the DC power output by the photovoltaic module 20 is insufficient to meet the power requirements of the load 50, the battery 30 can also be discharged through the inverter 10 to supply power to the load 50.
[0036] Please continue reading Figure 2 In some embodiments, the inverter 10 includes a photovoltaic interface, a power conversion circuit 110 , a lightning protection circuit 120 , and a first leakage diode D1 .
[0037] The photovoltaic interface is used to connect the photovoltaic module 20. The photovoltaic interface includes a positive photovoltaic interface PV+ and a negative photovoltaic interface PV-.
[0038] The power conversion circuit 110 includes an input end and an output end. The input end is used to connect to the photovoltaic interface to receive the DC power output by the photovoltaic module 20. The power conversion circuit 110 is used to convert the DC power output by the photovoltaic module 20 into power and output it through the output end. Among them, the input end includes a positive input end IN+ and a negative input end IN-. The output end includes a positive output end OUT+ and a negative output end OUT-. The power conversion circuit 110 includes a DC / DC conversion circuit and / or a DC / AC conversion circuit. This application does not limit the specific circuit structure of the power conversion circuit 110. That is to say, the power conversion circuit 110 can be a DC / DC conversion circuit, a DC / AC conversion circuit, or a multi-stage conversion circuit combining a DC / DC conversion circuit and a DC / AC conversion circuit according to actual needs.
[0039] The first and second ends of the lightning protection circuit 120 are connected to the positive input interface PV+ and the negative input interface PV-, respectively. The third end of the lightning protection circuit 120 is grounded, for example, to a protective ground PE. It is understood that the protective ground PE can be directly connected to the earth or the device casing. In this way, the lightning protection circuit 120 can conduct the charge introduced by the lightning strike to the ground through the protective ground PE, thereby quickly dissipating the lightning strike energy and providing safety protection. This application does not limit the specific circuit structure of the lightning protection circuit 120. For example, the lightning protection circuit 120 may include at least one of a lightning arrester, a voltage limiting circuit, and a current limiting circuit.
[0040] An anode of the first leakage diode D1 is connected to the negative input terminal PV−, and a cathode of the first leakage diode D1 is connected to the positive input terminal PV+.
[0041] Understandably, the lightning protection circuit 120 has a certain delay when a lightning strike occurs. Therefore, when a lightning strike occurs, some energy may still flow through the power conversion circuit 110, causing damage to the internal circuit. The inverter 10 provided in this application, by providing a diode D1 between the lightning protection circuit 120 and the power conversion circuit 110, can discharge the lightning strike energy through the first leakage diode D1 before the lightning protection circuit 120 operates when a lightning strike occurs, protecting the power conversion circuit 110, thereby improving the safety of the inverter 10 and reducing the probability of damage to the inverter 10 due to lightning strikes. At the same time, the first leakage diode D1 can also provide a current loop when the photovoltaic module 20 is reversely connected.
[0042] Please continue reading Figure 3 In some embodiments, the inverter 10 further includes a first anti-interference circuit 130 , a filter circuit 140 and a second anti-interference circuit 150 .
[0043] A first terminal of first anti-interference circuit 130 is connected to the positive input terminal PV+, a second terminal of first anti-interference circuit 130 is connected to the negative input terminal PV-, and a third terminal of first anti-interference circuit 130 is grounded, for example, to protective ground PE. First anti-interference circuit 130 is configured to stabilize the voltage across the positive input terminal PV+ and the negative input terminal PV-, reducing noise, ripple amplitude, and electromagnetic interference. In some embodiments, first anti-interference circuit 130 may include a Y capacitor.
[0044] The positive input interface PV+ and the negative input interface PV- are connected to the positive input terminal IN+ and the negative input terminal IN- via a filter circuit 140. It is understood that the filter circuit 140 is used to filter the DC power input from the photovoltaic interface and output the corresponding DC power to the input terminal of the power conversion circuit 110. The filter circuit 140 is used to suppress electromagnetic interference and spark interference. In some embodiments, the filter circuit 140 may be an EMC filter circuit. For example, the filter circuit 140 may include common-mode inductors, differential-mode inductors, Y capacitors, X capacitors, etc. This application does not limit the specific circuit structure of the filter circuit 140.
[0045] A first terminal of the second anti-interference circuit 150 is connected to the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. A second terminal of the second anti-interference circuit 150 is connected to the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110. A third terminal of the second anti-interference circuit 150 is grounded, for example, to a protective ground PE. The second anti-interference circuit 150 is configured to stabilize the voltage across the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative input terminal OUT- to reduce noise, ripple amplitude, and electromagnetic interference at the output of the power conversion circuit 110. In some embodiments, the second anti-interference circuit 150 may also include a Y capacitor.
[0046] In this way, by providing the first anti-interference circuit 130 , the filter circuit 140 and the second anti-interference circuit 150 in the inverter 10 , interference in the inverter 10 can be suppressed and the operating stability of the inverter 10 can be improved.
[0047] Furthermore, when lightning-induced energy flows to PV+ at the protective ground PE of the first anti-interference circuit 130 and / or the protective ground PE of the second anti-interference circuit 150, ideally, it can be discharged to the ground via the lightning protection circuit 120. However, due to the delay of the lightning protection circuit 120 when a lightning strike occurs and the residual energy left after the lightning protection circuit 120 discharges the energy, some of the energy flows into the power conversion circuit 110 via the first anti-interference circuit 130 and the filter circuit 140. This energy may bring a large surge current, thereby damaging the power conversion circuit 110. In the embodiment of the present application, the first leakage diode D1 is provided, so that the energy generated by the lightning strike and the residual energy left after the lightning protection circuit 120 discharges the energy can be quickly discharged to the positive input interface PV+ via the first leakage diode D1, thereby reducing the impact of the energy generated by the lightning strike on the power conversion circuit 110.
[0048] Please continue reading Figure 4 In some embodiments, the inverter 10 further includes a second leakage diode D2. The anode of the second leakage diode D2 is connected to the negative input terminal IN-, and the cathode of the second leakage diode D2 is connected to the positive input terminal IN+.
[0049] Thus, by providing a second bleeder diode D2 in the inverter 10, lightning strike energy can be discharged to the positive input terminal PV+ through the second bleeder diode D2. In some embodiments, when the filter circuit 140 includes an inductor, since the energy discharged to the positive input terminal PV+ by the second bleeder diode D2 must pass through the filter circuit 140, the inductor in the filter circuit 140 has a certain damping effect on the surge current. Therefore, compared with the first bleeder diode D1, the second bleeder diode D2 can use a diode with a relatively lower surge current resistance, thereby reducing costs.
[0050] Please continue reading Figure 5 In some embodiments, the power conversion circuit 110 may be a DC / DC conversion circuit. For example, the power conversion circuit 110 may include a first capacitor C1, a first inductor L1, a first switch Q1, a first switching diode VD1, and a third leakage diode D3.
[0051] The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first switching transistor Q1. The second end of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1. The anode of the first switching diode VD1 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1. The cathode of the first switching diode VD1 serves as the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. The second end of the first switching transistor Q1 serves as the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110. The first end of the first inductor L1 serves as the positive input terminal IN+, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the negative input terminal IN-. The anode of the third leakage diode D3 is connected to the second end of the first switching transistor Q1, and the cathode of the third leakage diode D3 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1. In this way, the first capacitor C1, the first inductor L1, the first switching transistor Q1, and the first switching diode VD1 together form a BOOST circuit to convert the DC power output by the filter circuit 140 into DC power and output it through the output terminal. The switch tube Q1 may be a semiconductor switch device such as MOSFET, IGBT, GTR, GTO, etc., and this application does not limit this.
[0052] It is understandable that the first switch tube Q1 is connected in parallel with a diode D Q1 , or a parasitic diode D is provided in the first switch tube Q1 Q1 When lightning induced energy flows to PV+ at the protective ground PE of the first anti-interference circuit 130 and / or the protective ground PE of the second anti-interference circuit 150, if the energy is not discharged in time, the surge current generated by the lightning strike may flow through the diode D Q1 , thus damaging the diode D Q1 This could even damage the first switching transistor Q1. However, the power conversion circuit 110 provided in this embodiment utilizes a third leakage diode D3, which acts as a shunt, allowing the lightning strike energy to be discharged to the positive input terminal PV+ via the third leakage diode D3. Furthermore, because the energy discharged to the positive input terminal PV+ by the third leakage diode D3 must pass through the filter circuit 140, the inductor provides a greater damping effect on the inrush current. Therefore, the third leakage diode D3 can use a diode with a lower surge current capability than the first leakage diode D1.
[0053] It is understandable that, in some embodiments, the inverter 10 may be provided with at least one of the first leakage diode D1 , the second leakage diode D2 , and the third leakage diode D3 .
[0054] Please refer again Figure 5In some embodiments, the inverter 10 further includes a first bus capacitor CA1. The first bus capacitor CA1 is connected to the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-, respectively. Thus, by providing the first bus capacitor CA1, the output voltage at the output terminal of the power conversion circuit 110 can be stabilized.
[0055] In some embodiments, the second anti-interference circuit 150 includes a first Y capacitor CY1 and a second Y capacitor CY2. The first Y capacitor CY1 and the second Y capacitor CY2 are connected in series between the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-. A protective ground PE is connected between the first Y capacitor CY1 and the second Y capacitor CY2.
[0056] In some embodiments, the circuit structure of the first anti-interference circuit 130 is the same as the circuit structure of the second anti-interference circuit 150. It is understandable that in other embodiments, the first anti-interference circuit 130 and the second anti-interference circuit 150 may also have other circuit structures, and this application does not limit the specific circuit structures of the first anti-interference circuit 130 and the second anti-interference circuit 150.
[0057] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit 110 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 The electronic components of the power conversion circuit 110 are shown Figure 5 The electronic components of the power conversion circuit 110 shown are the same, and the difference lies in the different connection methods of the electronic components.
[0058] Specifically, in Figure 6 In the illustrated power conversion circuit 110, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first switching transistor Q1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1. The second end of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1. The cathode of the first switching diode VD1 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1, and the anode of the first switching diode VD1 serves as the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110. The first end of the first switching transistor Q1 serves as the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. The first end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the positive input terminal IN+ of the power conversion circuit 110, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the negative input terminal IN- of the power conversion circuit 110. The anode of the third leakage diode D3 is connected to the second end of the first switching transistor Q1, and the cathode of the third leakage diode D3 is connected to the first end of the first switching transistor Q1. The two ends of the first bus capacitor CA1 are connected to the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-, respectively.
[0059] Please continue reading Figure 7In some embodiments, the power conversion circuit can be a three-level boost DC / DC converter circuit. In this case, the power conversion circuit 110 includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2, a second switching transistor Q2, a third switching transistor Q3, a second switching diode VD1, a third capacitor C3, a third switching diode VD3, and a fourth switching diode VD4. The inverter 10 also includes a second bus capacitor CA2 and a third bus capacitor CA3.
[0060] The first end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor Q2. The second end of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor Q3. The second end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2. The anode of the second switching diode VD2 is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor Q2, the cathode of the second switching diode VD2 is connected to the anode of the third switching diode VD3, and the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the cathode of the second switching diode VD2. The second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second end of the second switching transistor Q2, and the anode of the fourth switching diode VD4 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3. The first end of the second capacitor C2 serves as the positive input terminal IN+ of the power conversion circuit 110, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 serves as the negative input terminal IN- of the power conversion circuit 110. The cathode of the third switching diode VD3 serves as the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. The second end of the third switching diode Q3 serves as the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110.
[0061] In this way, the second capacitor C2, the second inductor L2, the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the second switch diode VD1, the third capacitor C3, the third switch diode VD3 and the fourth switch diode VD4 together form a three-level boost DC / DC converter circuit to convert the power output by the filter circuit 140 into DC power.
[0062] The second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3 are connected in series between the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-. The cathode of the fourth switching diode VD4 is connected between the second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3.
[0063] In some embodiments, to dissipate energy generated by lightning strikes, the power conversion circuit 110 further includes a fourth leakage diode D4. The cathode of the fourth leakage diode D4 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching transistor Q2, and the anode of the fourth leakage diode D4 is connected to the second terminal of the third switching transistor Q3. Thus, by providing the fourth leakage diode D4, damage to the power conversion circuit 110 caused by surge current generated by the protective ground PE can be reduced.
[0064] In some embodiments, to discharge the energy generated by a lightning strike, the power conversion circuit 110 further includes a fifth leakage diode D5 and a sixth leakage diode D6. The cathode of the fifth leakage diode D5 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube Q2, and the anode of the fifth leakage diode D5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch tube Q2. The cathode of the sixth leakage diode D6 is connected to the first terminal of the third switch tube Q3, and the anode of the sixth leakage diode D6 is connected to the second terminal of the third switch tube Q3. Thus, by providing the fifth leakage diode D5 and the sixth leakage diode D6, the risk of damage to the diode D3 by the surge current generated by a lightning strike can be reduced. Q2 and diode D Q3 probability.
[0065] It is understandable that the fourth leakage diode D4 , the fifth leakage diode D5 and the sixth leakage diode D6 can all play a shunting role, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the power conversion circuit 110 due to energy generated when it is struck by lightning.
[0066] Please continue reading Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit 110 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 The electronic components of the power conversion circuit 110 are shown Figure 7 The electronic components of the power conversion circuit 110 shown are the same, and the difference lies in the different connection methods of the electronic components. Figure 8 The power conversion circuit 110 shown is also a three-level boost DC / DC conversion circuit.
[0067] Specifically, the first end of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor Q3, the second end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2. The cathode of the second switching diode VD2 is connected to the second end of the third switching transistor Q3, the anode of the second switching diode VD2 is connected to the cathode of the third switching diode VD3, the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the anode of the second switching diode VD2, and the second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second end of the second switching transistor Q2. The cathode of the fourth switching diode VD4 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3. The first end of the second capacitor C2 serves as the positive input terminal IN+ of the power conversion circuit 110, and the second end of the second inductor L2 serves as the negative input terminal IN- of the power conversion circuit 110. The first end of the second switching transistor Q2 serves as the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. The anode of the third switching diode VD3 serves as the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110. The second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3 are connected in series between the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-. The anode of the fourth switching diode VD4 is connected between the second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3.
[0068] Please continue reading Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit 110 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 The power conversion circuit 110 shown is also a three-level boost DC / DC conversion circuit. Specifically, Figure 9 The power conversion circuit 110 shown includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a second switching diode VD2, and a third switching diode VD3. The inverter 10 also includes a second bus capacitor CA2 and a third bus capacitor CA3.
[0069] The first end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor Q2. The second end of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor Q3. The second end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the first end of the third inductor L3. The second end of the third inductor L3 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2. The first end of the second inductor L2 serves as the positive input terminal IN+ of the power conversion circuit 110, and the second end of the third inductor L3 serves as the negative input terminal IN- of the power conversion circuit 110. The anode of the second switching diode VD2 is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor Q2, and the cathode of the second switching diode VD2 serves as the positive output terminal OUT+ of the power conversion circuit 110. The cathode of the third switching diode VD3 is connected to the second end of the third switching transistor Q3. The anode of the third switching diode VD3 serves as the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110. The second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3 are connected in series between the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT-. The second end of the second switch tube Q2 is also connected between the second bus capacitor CA2 and the third bus capacitor CA3.
[0070] Similarly, in Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated power conversion circuit 110 , the power conversion circuit 110 further includes a fourth leakage diode D4 , the cathode of which is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube Q2 , and the anode of which is connected to the second terminal of the third switch tube Q3 .
[0071] Similarly, in Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the illustrated power conversion circuit 110, the power conversion circuit 110 further includes a fifth leakage diode D5 and a sixth leakage diode D6. The cathode of the fifth leakage diode D5 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching transistor Q2, and the anode of the fifth leakage diode D5 is connected to the second terminal of the second switching transistor Q2. The cathode of the sixth leakage diode D6 is connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor Q3, and the anode of the sixth leakage diode D6 is connected to the second terminal of the third switching transistor Q3.
[0072] Understandably, for Figures 7 to 9 In the power conversion circuit 110 shown, in some embodiments, the power conversion circuit 110 may be provided with only the fourth leakage diode D4. In other embodiments, the power conversion circuit 110 may be provided with only the fifth leakage diode D5 and the sixth leakage diode D6. In other embodiments, the power conversion circuit 110 may be provided with all of the fourth leakage diode D4, the fifth leakage diode D5, and the sixth leakage diode D6. This application is not limited to this.
[0073] Understandably, in the above Figures 2 to 9In any power conversion circuit 110 shown, the positive output terminal OUT+ and the negative output terminal OUT- of the power conversion circuit 110 can also be connected to the DC bus (eg Figure 5 The positive DC bus BUS+ and the negative DC bus BUS- (shown) are connected to an inverter circuit (not shown). In this way, the inverter circuit can convert the DC power output by the power conversion circuit 110 into AC power to power AC loads or feed power to the grid 40.
[0074] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the power conversion circuit 110 may also perform maximum power point tracking on the photovoltaic assembly 20 . This application does not limit the maximum power point tracking algorithm used by the power conversion circuit 110 .
[0075] Please continue reading Figure 10 The present application also provides an energy storage device 100, comprising a battery 30 and an inverter 10 as provided in any of the above embodiments. Figure 10 As shown, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 may also be connected to the photovoltaic assembly 20 , the load 50 , and the grid 40 .
[0076] It is understandable that the energy storage device 100 provided with the inverter 10 can release energy in a timely manner when a lightning strike occurs, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device 100 and reducing the probability of the energy storage device 100 being damaged by a lightning strike.
[0077] This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. A person skilled in the art will readily appreciate that there are many alternatives to the test fixture of this application without departing from the principles and scope of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the contents of the claims.
Claims
1. An inverter, characterized in that: The inverter includes a photovoltaic interface, a lightning protection circuit, a power conversion circuit and a first leakage diode, wherein: The photovoltaic interface is used to connect the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic interface includes a positive input interface and a negative input interface; The power conversion circuit includes an input terminal connected to the photovoltaic interface, and the input terminal includes a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal; The first end and the second end of the lightning protection circuit are connected to the positive input interface and the negative input interface respectively, and the third end of the lightning protection circuit is grounded; An anode of the first leakage diode is connected to the negative input interface, and a cathode of the first leakage diode is connected to the positive input interface.
2. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The inverter further includes a second leakage diode, wherein an anode of the second leakage diode is connected to the negative input terminal, and a cathode of the second leakage diode is connected to the positive input terminal.
3. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion circuit includes a first capacitor, a first inductor, a first switching tube, a first switching diode, and a third leakage diode. The inverter also includes a first bus capacitor. The first end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, the second end of the first switching tube is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, the anode of the first switching diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, the cathode of the first switching diode serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the first switching tube serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the first inductor serves as the positive input end, and the second end of the first capacitor serves as the negative input end. The anode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first switching tube, the cathode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, and the two ends of the first bus capacitor are connected to the positive output end and the negative output end, respectively.
4. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion circuit includes a first capacitor, a first inductor, a first switching tube, a first switching diode, and a third leakage diode. The inverter also includes a first bus capacitor, wherein a first end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, a second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first end of the first inductor, a second end of the first switching tube is connected to the second end of the first inductor, a cathode of the first switching diode is connected to the second end of the first inductor, an anode of the first switching diode serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, a first end of the first switching tube serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, a first end of the first capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, and a second end of the first capacitor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit. An anode of the third leakage diode is connected to the second end of the first switching tube, a cathode of the third leakage diode is connected to the first end of the first switching tube, and two ends of the first bus capacitor are connected to the positive output end and the negative output end, respectively.
5. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a second switch diode, a third capacitor, a third switch diode and a fourth switch diode, and the inverter also includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein, The first end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor, the second end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor, and the second end of the third switching transistor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor. The anode of the second switching diode is connected to the first end of the second switching transistor, the cathode of the second switching diode is connected to the anode of the third switching diode, the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second switching diode, the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switching transistor, and the anode of the fourth switching diode is connected to the second end of the third capacitor. The first end of the second capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second capacitor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit, the cathode of the third switching diode serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, and the second end of the third switching transistor serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit. The second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end, and the cathode of the fourth switching diode is connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
6. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a second switch diode, a third capacitor, a third switch diode and a fourth switch diode, and the inverter also includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein, The first end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second switching transistor is connected to the first end of the third switching transistor, the second end of the third switching transistor is connected to the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor, the cathode of the second switching diode is connected to the second end of the third switching transistor, the anode of the second switching diode is connected to the cathode of the third switching diode, the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the anode of the second switching diode, the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switching transistor, and the cathode of the fourth switching diode is connected to the second end of the third capacitor. The first end of the second capacitor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second inductor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit, the first end of the second switching transistor serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, and the anode of the third switching diode serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit. The second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end, and the anode of the fourth switching diode is connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
7. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The power conversion circuit includes a second capacitor, a second inductor, a third inductor, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a second switch diode and a third switch diode, and the inverter also includes a second bus capacitor and a third bus capacitor; wherein, The first end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the second switching tube, the second end of the second switching tube is connected to the first end of the third switching tube, the second end of the third switching tube is connected to the first end of the third inductor, and the second end of the third inductor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor. The first end of the second inductor serves as the positive input end of the power conversion circuit, and the second end of the third inductor serves as the negative input end of the power conversion circuit. The anode of the second switching diode is connected to the first end of the second switching tube, the cathode of the second switching diode serves as the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the cathode of the third switching diode is connected to the second end of the third switching tube, and the anode of the third switching diode serves as the negative output end of the power conversion circuit. The second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor are connected in series between the positive output end and the negative output end. The second end of the second switching tube is also connected between the second bus capacitor and the third bus capacitor.
8. The inverter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit further includes a fourth leakage diode, wherein a cathode of the fourth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the second switch tube, and an anode of the fourth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the third switch tube.
9. The inverter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The power conversion circuit also includes a fifth leakage diode and a sixth leakage diode, wherein the cathode of the fifth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the second switching tube, the anode of the fifth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the second switching tube, the cathode of the sixth leakage diode is connected to the first end of the third switching tube, and the anode of the sixth leakage diode is connected to the second end of the third switching tube.
10. The inverter according to claim 1, characterized in that The inverter further includes a first anti-interference circuit, a filter circuit and a second anti-interference circuit, wherein: A first terminal of the first anti-interference circuit is connected to the positive input interface, a second terminal of the first anti-interference circuit is connected to the negative input interface, and a third terminal of the first anti-interference circuit is grounded; The positive input interface and the negative input interface are connected to the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal through the filter circuit; The first end of the second anti-interference circuit is connected to the positive output end of the power conversion circuit, the second end of the second anti-interference circuit is connected to the negative output end of the power conversion circuit, and the third end of the second anti-interference circuit is grounded.
11. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device includes a battery and the inverter according to any one of claims 1 to 10.