Noise reduction structure, vibration assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a noise reduction structure, a vibration assembly and a vehicle, and the noise reduction structure is used for being attached to the surface of a housing of a component with vibration excitation and comprises multiple layers of metal sheets; the number of the damping layers is multiple, and the multiple damping layers and the multiple metal sheets are arranged in a stacked mode. According to the noise reduction structure, the plurality of metal sheets and the plurality of damping layers are arranged and attached to the surface of the component with vibration excitation, so that the metal sheets and the damping layers are combined, the noise reduction structure has sound absorption, sound insulation and vibration reduction performance, and the effect of reducing radiation noise of the shell can be achieved; and the original part structure and material with a vibration source do not need to be changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of noise reduction technology, and in particular to a noise reduction structure, vibration component and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, vibrating parts on a vehicle radiate noise through their housing surfaces, reducing user experience. Examples include engine and electric drive housings. Common industry methods for reducing noise radiated from housing surfaces include reducing the vibration excitation of the parts themselves, optimizing the housing surface with stiffeners, increasing the housing thickness, and changing the housing material. However, these techniques are limited by the fact that the vibration excitation source itself cannot be further reduced, the effectiveness of housing stiffening optimization has reached its limit, and increasing housing thickness or changing housing materials is impractical due to space constraints, cost, and project timelines. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a noise reduction structure, which has sound absorption, insulation, and vibration reduction properties, and can effectively reduce the radiated noise of the casing.

[0004] This utility model also proposes a vibration assembly, which includes the above-mentioned noise reduction structure.

[0005] This utility model also proposes a vehicle that includes the above-described vibration component.

[0006] The noise reduction structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to be attached to the surface of the housing of a component subject to vibration excitation and includes: a metal sheet, wherein the metal sheet is multi-layered; a damping layer, wherein the damping layer is multi-layered, and the multi-layered damping layer and the multi-layered metal sheet are stacked together.

[0007] According to the noise reduction structure of this utility model embodiment, by setting multiple layers of metal sheets and multiple layers of damping layers and attaching them to the surface of the component with vibration excitation, the metal sheets and damping layers are combined to have sound absorption and vibration reduction properties, which can achieve the effect of reducing the radiation noise of the shell, and there is no need to change the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration sources.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the multiple layers of metal sheets and the multiple layers of damping layers are arranged alternately.

[0009] In some embodiments of this utility model, the metal sheet and the damping layer are bonded together by a first adhesive layer.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this utility model, at least one layer of the metal sheet is made of steel, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the damping layers is polyurethane foam.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the damping layers is a polymer damping material layer.

[0013] In some embodiments of this utility model, the polymer damping material layer is butyl rubber, acrylate, polysulfide rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or epoxy resin.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one layer of the metal sheet has a plurality of openings spaced apart.

[0015] In some embodiments of this utility model, the apertures of the plurality of openings may be the same or different.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of any two points of at least one layer of the metal sheet is the same or the thickness of at least two points of at least one layer of the metal sheet is different; and / or, the thickness of any two points of at least one layer of the damping layer is the same or the thickness of at least two points of at least one layer of the damping layer is different.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the noise reduction structure and the surface of the housing are conformally arranged.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the noise reduction structure is attached to the inner surface and / or outer surface of the housing.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the noise reduction structure further includes a second adhesive layer, which is located on one side of the thickness direction of the noise reduction structure and is used to attach the noise reduction structure to the surface of the housing.

[0020] In some embodiments of this invention, one of the damping layers is closest to the second adhesive layer.

[0021] In some embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of the noise reduction structure is less than 12mm.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the metal sheet has two layers, including a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the damping layer has two layers, including a first damping layer and a second damping layer. The first damping layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and the second damping layer is disposed on the side of the second metal layer opposite to the first metal layer. A second adhesive layer is provided on the side of the second damping layer opposite to the first damping layer.

[0023] The first metal layer is an aluminum component;

[0024] And / or, the second metal layer is a magnesium-aluminum alloy component;

[0025] And / or, the first damping layer is polyurethane foam;

[0026] And / or, the second damping layer is a polymer damping material layer;

[0027] And / or, the second adhesive layer is a two-component adhesive layer;

[0028] And / or, the thickness of the noise reduction structure is 7.5mm-8.5mm;

[0029] And / or, the thickness of the first metal layer is 1.5mm-2.5mm;

[0030] And / or, the thickness of the first damping layer is 3.5mm-4.5mm;

[0031] And / or, the thickness of the second metal layer is 0.5mm-1.5mm;

[0032] And / or, the second metal layer has a plurality of openings with a diameter of 4.5mm-5.5mm and an opening ratio of 55%-65%;

[0033] And / or, the thickness of the second damping layer is 0.5mm-1.5mm.

[0034] The vibration assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a component with vibration excitation; and the above-mentioned noise reduction structure, wherein the noise reduction structure is attached to the outer surface and / or inner surface of the housing of the component with vibration excitation and is conformally arranged to the housing of the component with vibration excitation.

[0035] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the vibration component, by setting the above-mentioned noise reduction structure, sets multiple layers of metal sheets and multiple layers of damping layers, and attaches them to the surface of the component with vibration excitation, so that the metal sheets and damping layers are combined, which has sound absorption and vibration reduction performance, and can achieve the effect of reducing the radiation noise of the shell, without changing the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration source.

[0036] In some embodiments of this utility model, the component with vibration excitation is an intake manifold.

[0037] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described generating components.

[0038] According to the vehicle of this utility model embodiment, by setting the above-mentioned vibration component, setting the above-mentioned noise reduction structure, setting multiple layers of metal sheets and multiple layers of damping layers, and attaching them to the surface of the component with vibration excitation, the metal sheets and damping layers are combined to have sound absorption and vibration reduction performance, which can achieve the effect of reducing the noise radiated by the shell, and without changing the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration sources.

[0039] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a noise reduction structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for selecting a noise reduction structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0043] Figure 3 These are the results of the dynamic stiffness test on the metal sheet;

[0044] Figure 4 The results are experimental results of the frequency response function of a metal sheet with a composite damping layer.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of NVH optimization effects according to embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the technical process for implementing the noise reduction structure according to this utility model.

[0047] Figure label:

[0048] 100. Noise reduction structure;

[0049] 1. Metal sheet; 11. First metal layer; 12. Second metal layer; 121. Opening;

[0050] 2. Damping layer; 21. First damping layer; 22. Second damping layer;

[0051] 3. Second adhesive layer;

[0052] 200. Components subject to vibration excitation;

[0053] 300, fixed support rod; 400, elastic rope; 500, measuring point; 600, force hammer. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0055] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0057] The following is for reference. Figure 1 The noise reduction structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model is described.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the noise reduction structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to be attached to the housing surface of the component 200 with vibration excitation and includes a metal sheet 1 and a damping layer 2.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the metal sheet 1 is multi-layered, the damping layer 2 is multi-layered, and the multi-layered damping layer 2 and multi-layered metal sheet 1 are stacked together. Therefore, the combination of metal sheet 1 and damping layer 2 can achieve sound absorption, insulation, and vibration reduction properties, thus reducing the radiated noise of the shell without altering the original structure and materials of the vibration source components.

[0060] The system combines multiple metal sheets 1 and multiple damping layers 2. By selecting different materials and thicknesses for the metal sheets 1 and the damping layers 2, different noise reduction effects can be achieved. Furthermore, the damping layer 2 is a material layer that converts the mechanical vibration energy of an object into heat energy for dissipation, primarily used for vibration and noise control. The damping performance of the damping layer 2 can be measured by its ability to dissipate vibration energy; the standard for evaluating the damping magnitude is the damping coefficient.

[0061] In related technologies, the problem of high housing radiation noise that occurs during the development of NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) of engines and electric drive assemblies, such as high radiation noise from the intake manifold housing, engine block housing, and motor and gearbox housing, is that it is basically impossible to implement the method of reducing the excitation source. In addition, structural optimization has reached the design limit and is also affected by other issues such as space layout, making it impossible to implement.

[0062] In this application, the metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 are combined and attached to the surface of the shell. The combined effect of the sound insulation performance of the metal sheet 1 and the vibration reduction performance of the damping layer 2 is used to achieve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0063] According to the noise reduction structure 100 of this utility model embodiment, by setting multiple layers of metal sheets 1 and multiple layers of damping layers 2 and attaching them to the surface of the component 200 with vibration excitation, the metal sheets 1 and damping layers 2 are combined to have sound absorption and vibration reduction performance, which can achieve the effect of reducing the noise radiated by the shell, and without changing the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration sources.

[0064] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple layers of metal sheets 1 and multiple layers of damping layers 2 are arranged alternately. This improves the sound absorption, insulation, and vibration reduction performance of the combination of multiple layers of metal sheets 1 and multiple layers of damping layers 2, thereby reducing the radiated noise of the shell.

[0065] The metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 can be combined to form a constrained damping structure. When the noise reduction structure 100 is pasted on the surface of the shell, the elastic damping layer 2 is located between the metal sheet 1 and the shell. The metal sheet 1 located outside the damping layer 2 forms a constrained layer. When the shell is bent and deformed, relative sliding motion occurs between the shell and the metal sheet 1. The damping layer 2 generates shear strain, which causes some mechanical energy to be dissipated and achieves the vibration reduction effect.

[0066] Optionally, the metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 are bonded together using a first adhesive layer. This allows the metal sheet and the damping layer 2 to be firmly adhered together, forming a single unit and improving vibration reduction and noise reduction. The first adhesive layer can be a two-component adhesive layer, which provides better adhesion and makes the bond between the metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 even stronger.

[0067] In some embodiments of this utility model, at least one metal sheet 1 is made of steel, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy. The materials of the multiple metal sheets 1 can be the same or different. When the materials of the metal sheets 1 are the same, the thicknesses of the multiple metal sheets 1 can be the same or different. When the materials of the multiple metal sheets 1 are different, at least two of the multiple metal sheets 1 are made of different materials; in this case, the thicknesses of the multiple metal sheets 1 can be the same or different.

[0068] In some embodiments of this invention, at least one damping layer 2 is polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam has good sound insulation properties. When the vibrating component 200 is affected by high frequencies, the polyurethane foam can be made thicker to achieve better sound insulation.

[0069] In some embodiments of this invention, at least one damping layer 2 is a polymer damping material layer. The polymer damping material layer has a good vibration reduction effect, mainly targeting low and medium frequencies. When the component 200 subjected to vibration excitation is affected by low and medium frequencies, the thickness of the polymer damping material layer can be increased to achieve a better vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0070] Optionally, the polymer damping material layer can be butyl rubber, acrylate, polysulfide rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, or epoxy resin. Alternatively, the polymer damping material layer can also be ordinary rubber. Therefore, different damping layers 2 can be selected according to different noise reduction requirements to meet different application needs.

[0071] The materials of the multiple damping layers 2 can be the same or different. When the materials of the multiple damping layers 2 are the same, the thicknesses of the multiple damping layers 2 can be the same or different. When the materials of the multiple damping layers 2 are different, at least two of the multiple damping layers 2 have different materials. In this case, the thicknesses of the multiple damping layers 2 can be the same or different.

[0072] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1As shown, at least one layer of metal sheet 1 has a plurality of spaced openings 121. The metal sheet 1 with openings 121 has a sound-absorbing function. The sound absorption principle is to absorb sound through the air in the openings and the vibration of the sheet surface. When sound waves hit the sheet surface, some sound waves will enter the interior of the sheet through the openings, generating friction and vibration with the air inside and the sheet surface, thereby consuming sound energy and achieving a noise reduction effect.

[0073] Furthermore, the apertures of multiple openings 121 on the same metal sheet 1 may be the same or different. It is understood that the apertures of multiple openings 121 on the same metal sheet 1 can be the same, and of course, the apertures of multiple openings 121 on the same metal sheet 1 can be different, allowing for various combinations of apertures. Therefore, different forms of openings 121 can be set according to noise reduction requirements. For example, in... Figure 1 In the example shown, the aperture of the opening 121 on the same metal sheet 1 is the same.

[0074] In some embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of any two points on at least one layer of metal sheet 1 is the same. It can be understood that the thickness of any two points being the same means that the thickness of any position on the metal sheet 1 is the same, which can simplify the processing technology of the metal sheet 1 and improve production efficiency. The thickness of any two points on at least one layer of metal sheet 1 being the same can be the thickness of any two points on some of the metal sheets 1 or the thickness of any two points on all the metal sheets 1 being the same.

[0075] In some embodiments of this utility model, at least one layer of metal sheet 1 has at least two points with different thicknesses. "At least two points with different thicknesses" means that at least one point on the metal sheet 1 has a thickness different from the thickness of other areas, and the metal sheet 1 is a non-uniform thickness metal sheet 1. This difference in thickness can occur in some parts of the metal sheet 1 or in all parts of the metal sheet 1. Therefore, the thickness of different areas of the metal sheet 1 can be set according to the different frequencies of each part of the vibrating component 200, thus achieving a better vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0076] In some embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of any two points of at least one damping layer 2 is the same. It can be understood that the thickness of any two points being the same means that the thickness of the damping layer 2 is the same at any position, which can simplify the processing technology of the damping layer 2 and improve production efficiency. The thickness of any two points of at least one damping layer 2 being the same can be that the thickness of any two ends of a portion of the damping layer 2 is the same, or it can be that the thickness of any two points of all the damping layers 2 is the same.

[0077] In some embodiments of this invention, at least one damping layer 2 has at least two points with different thicknesses. This means that at least one point on the damping layer 2 has a thickness different from other areas, indicating that the damping layer 2 is a non-uniform thickness damping layer 2. This difference in thickness can occur in some parts of the damping layer 2 or in all parts of the damping layer 2. Therefore, the thickness of different areas of the damping layer 2 can be set according to the different frequencies of each part of the vibrating component 200, thus achieving better vibration reduction and noise reduction effects.

[0078] In some embodiments of this invention, the surfaces of the noise reduction structure 100 and the housing are conformally shaped. It is understood that the shape of the housing surface is the same as the shape of the noise reduction structure 100. This allows the noise reduction structure 100 to better fit the surface of the housing, achieving a better vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0079] In some embodiments of this utility model, the noise reduction structure 100 is attached to the inner surface and / or outer surface of the housing. It is understood that the noise reduction structure 100 may be attached only to the outer surface of the housing, or the noise reduction structure 100 may be attached only to the inner surface of the housing, or the noise reduction structure 100 may be attached to both the inner and outer surfaces of the housing.

[0080] When the noise reduction structure 100 is attached to the outer surface of the housing, it facilitates the fit between the noise reduction structure 100 and the housing; when the noise reduction structure 100 is attached to the inner surface of the housing, it can reduce the space occupied by the vibration-excited component 200; when the noise reduction structure 100 is attached to both the inner and outer surfaces of the noise reduction structure 100, it can improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0081] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the noise reduction structure 100 also includes a second adhesive layer 3, which is located on one side of the thickness direction of the noise reduction structure 100 and is used to adhere the noise reduction structure 100 to the surface of the housing. This facilitates the attachment of the noise reduction structure 100 to the surface of the housing and improves the reliability of the fixation between the noise reduction structure 100 and the housing.

[0082] Optionally, one of the damping layers 2 is closest to the second adhesive layer 3. It can be understood that the layer directly connected to the second adhesive layer 3 on the side facing away from the shell is the damping layer 2. This avoids the metal sheet 1 contacting the shell, which would increase vibration noise, and the connection between the damping layer 2 and the shell allows for better vibration reduction and noise reduction.

[0083] Optionally, the thickness of the noise reduction structure 100 is less than 12mm, which can achieve the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction, while avoiding the problem of the noise reduction structure 100 being too thick and occupying too much space.

[0084] In a specific example of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the metal sheet 1 consists of two layers, including a first metal layer 11 and a second metal layer 12. The damping layer 2 also consists of two layers, including a first damping layer 21 and a second damping layer 22. The first damping layer 21 is disposed between the first metal layer 11 and the second metal layer 12. The second damping layer 22 is disposed on the side of the second metal layer 12 facing away from the first metal layer 11. A second adhesive layer 3 is provided on the side of the second damping layer 22 facing away from the first damping layer 21. The structure composed of the two metal sheets 1 and the two damping layers 2 is bonded to the surface of the housing of the vibrating component 200 through the second adhesive layer 3, achieving the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction. If the surface of the vibrating component 200 has an uneven shape, the noise reduction structure 100 can be stamped and bonded to the surface of the housing of the vibrating component 200 for easy fitting. The thickness and material selection of the metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 can be optimized through combination experiments. This example can be used for vibration reduction and noise reduction of the intake manifold.

[0085] Optionally, the entire noise reduction structure 100 consists of five layers, and the thickness of the entire noise reduction structure 100 is 7.5mm-8.5mm.

[0086] Optionally, the first metal layer 11 is formed as a metal constraint layer, the first metal layer 11 is an aluminum part, and the thickness of the first metal layer 11 is 1.5mm-2.5mm.

[0087] Optionally, the first damping layer 21 is polyurethane foam, and the thickness of the first damping layer 21 is 3.5mm-4.5mm. Polyurethane foam also has a high-frequency sound absorption effect, which greatly improves the noise reduction performance.

[0088] Optionally, the second metal layer 12 is a magnesium-aluminum alloy component, and the second metal layer 12 has multiple openings 121, forming a perforated metal constraint layer. The thickness of the second metal layer 12 is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the diameter of the openings 121 is 4.5mm-5.5mm, and the opening ratio is 55%-65%. The selection of the opening diameter is determined based on the noise reduction effect and performance requirements during debugging. Combinations of multiple opening diameters can be considered to achieve the noise reduction requirements. The opening ratio and the hole spacing of the openings 121 are also designed to achieve optimal noise reduction effect and performance requirements during debugging.

[0089] The second metal layer 12 with opening 121 has a sound-absorbing function. The sound absorption principle is to absorb sound through the air in the opening and the vibration of the board surface. When sound waves hit the board surface, some sound waves will enter the board interior through the opening, generating friction and vibration with the internal air and the board surface, thereby consuming sound energy and achieving a noise reduction effect. In addition, when the sound passes through the second metal layer 12, it will reach the second damping layer 22. The material of the second damping layer 22 is a polyurethane foam composite material, which has a significant sound absorption and noise reduction function, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect.

[0090] Optionally, the second damping layer 22 is a polymer damping material layer, composed of 120 parts butyl rubber, 10 parts zinc oxide, 1 part stearic acid, 5 parts antioxidant, 60 parts fast-extrusion carbon black, 40 parts inorganic filler, 30 parts naphthenic oil, 1 part sulfur, 4 parts accelerator, 10 parts low-molecular-weight wax, 20 parts high-abrasion-resistant carbon black, and 25 parts reinforcing resin, etc., and is prepared by mixing, hot refining, and vulcanization. The thickness of the second damping layer 22 is 0.5mm-1.5mm.

[0091] Optionally, the second adhesive layer 3 is a high-viscosity two-component adhesive layer, which functions to firmly and tightly adhere the noise reduction structure 100 to the surface of the vibrating part housing.

[0092] The selection method for metal sheet 1 is described below.

[0093] like Figure 2 As shown, the metal sheet 1 is suspended by an elastic rope 400 using a fixed support rod 300. A hammer 600 is used to excite and obtain the frequency response function of the metal sheet 1. The selection of the metal sheet 1 material is analyzed by comparing and analyzing the dynamic stiffness of the metal sheet 1. Different metal sheets 1 have the same size. The selected measuring point 500 and the hammer 600 striking point must be consistent. The measuring point 500 should be selected as close to the center as possible (more measuring points 500 can be added according to actual needs). The hammer 600 striking point should be as close as possible to the measuring point 500, with the striking direction perpendicular to the surface of the metal sheet 1. The positions are marked with a pen to ensure consistency in each test.

[0094] Dynamic stiffness data of metal sheets 1 made of different materials were obtained through a 600-pound hammer impact test (see...). Figure 3As shown in the diagram, and considering the frequency band of the noise problem, a metal sheet 1 with a relatively large dynamic stiffness value within the problem frequency band is selected as the vibration reduction and noise reduction material. Commonly used materials include steel (carbon steel, galvanized steel, stainless steel, etc.), iron, aluminum, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, etc. The metal sheet 1 can be formed by stamping or manufactured using structural molds for the components to be bonded. Furthermore, if necessary, the material can be extended to EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), PVC (Polyvinyl chloride), ceramics, etc., all of which have vibration reduction and noise reduction effects. Different materials also differ in quality and cost, allowing for the development of suitable and cost-effective design and application solutions based on the vibration reduction and noise reduction performance requirements.

[0095] After selecting the material for metal sheet 1, the thickness of metal sheet 1 is then adjusted. Generally, the initial thickness range is 0.5-2mm, with coarse adjustments in 0.5mm increments. Then, the thickness is finely adjusted based on the frequency band of the noise problem. The testing method is the same as described above: metal sheets 1 of different thicknesses are struck with a 600mm hammer. The measurement point 500 is arranged as described above, and the striking method is as described to obtain dynamic stiffness data for metal sheets 1 of different thicknesses (data similar). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, a metal sheet 1 with a large dynamic stiffness value in the problem frequency band is selected as the material for vibration reduction and noise reduction.

[0096] The selection method for damping layer 2 is described below.

[0097] After selecting the material and thickness of metal sheet 1, the next step is to select the material for damping layer 2 for bonding and assembly. Commonly used damping materials include ordinary rubber, butyl rubber, acrylate, polysulfide, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, and epoxy resin, etc. During the commissioning process, butyl rubber and polyurethane foam are generally selected first. Considering the allowable space at the location of the vibrating component, a damping material with the largest possible thickness is chosen. This material is then bonded to the selected metal sheet 1 material to form a metal damping layer.

[0098] Next, referring to the test method for selecting the material of metal sheet 1, the metal damping layer was suspended and struck with a 600-degree hammer to obtain the frequency response function of measuring point 500 (see...). Figure 4 The smaller the value of the frequency response function curve in the figure, the smaller the amplitude of the vibration response under unit excitation, indicating that the vibration reduction effect of the debugging scheme is smaller. Therefore, the material with the smaller value of the frequency response function curve at measuring point 500 in the noise problem frequency band is selected as the optimal design scheme.

[0099] In this application, by combining metal sheets 1 of different thicknesses and materials with damping layers 2 of different thicknesses and materials through experimental debugging, the optimal sound insulation, vibration reduction, and noise reduction effect was achieved. Furthermore, different combinations can be selected based on the available space, cost, and desired noise reduction effect to achieve different noise reduction results. The utility model also innovatively proposes using a 600mm impact hammer to obtain the frequency response function and dynamic stiffness values, in order to analyze and evaluate and select the most effective vibration reduction and noise reduction scheme, thus forming a debugging technical route.

[0100] The following describes the bench verification of the design scheme.

[0101] The noise reduction structure 100, completed through the previous steps, is installed on a component 200 subject to vibration excitation, such as the engine intake manifold. Then, an engine bench NVH test is conducted to verify the noise reduction effect of the manifold housing radiated noise.

[0102] Analysis of NVH tests on a certain engine bench revealed that, under full-throttle acceleration, the overall sound pressure level at the top of the engine (one meter away) was reduced by approximately 1.4-2.8 dB(A) across the entire speed range after installing a noise reduction structure on the intake manifold. (See...) Figure 5 Analysis of the data in Table 1.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] The above method can be practically applied to optimize the radiated noise on the surface of the intake manifold housing. However, there is no design scheme for adding a noise reduction structure to the surface of the intake manifold housing in related technologies, nor is there a test method using force hammer excitation to obtain the frequency response function and dynamic stiffness to debug this utility model design scheme.

[0107] In the implementation of the above-mentioned utility model method, if the bench test or actual vehicle verification results show that the noise reduction target has not been met, then the metal sheet 1 can be double-layered to increase the noise reduction effect. The debugging method is similar to the above. First, metal sheets 1 of different thicknesses are pasted on the damping layer 2 for testing, and the metal sheet 1 synthesis scheme with a larger dynamic stiffness value in the noise problem frequency band is selected. Then, following the above-mentioned testing and selection method for the damping layer 2 material, different damping materials are pasted on the selected metal sheet 1 synthesis scheme for testing, and the damping material synthesis scheme with a smaller frequency response function curve value in the noise problem frequency band is selected. Finally, the design scheme is tested again on the bench or in a whole vehicle to verify whether it meets the noise reduction requirements. If it meets the requirements, the scheme debugging is completed. If it does not meet the requirements, the multi-layer metal sheet 1 and damping material synthesis design debugging is carried out until a metal damping layer design scheme that solves the noise problem is found is found. The flowchart is shown in the figure. Figure 6As shown.

[0108] In this application, a test method for obtaining the frequency response function by striking with a 600-type hammer is applied. By analyzing and comparing the magnitude of the shell dynamic stiffness and the frequency response function, the most suitable metal sheet 1 material and damping layer 2 material and thickness matching are selected and evaluated. Then, the noise reduction effect of the noise reduction structure 100 scheme is verified by bench testing or actual vehicle testing, forming a technical route to solve the problem in a closed loop.

[0109] The vibration assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0110] The vibration assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vibration excitation component 200 and the noise reduction structure 100 described above.

[0111] Specifically, the noise reduction structure 100 is attached to the outer and / or inner surface of the housing of the vibrating component 200 and conforms to the shape of the housing. This reduces the vibration and noise of the vibrating component 200, achieving the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction.

[0112] According to the vibration component of this utility model embodiment, by setting the noise reduction structure 100 described above, multiple layers of metal sheets 1 and multiple layers of damping layers 2 are set and attached to the surface of the component 200 with vibration excitation, so that the metal sheets 1 and the damping layers 2 are combined, which has sound absorption and vibration reduction performance, and can achieve the effect of reducing the radiation noise of the shell, without changing the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration source.

[0113] In some embodiments of this invention, the vibration-excited component 200 is an intake manifold, thereby achieving vibration reduction and noise reduction of the intake manifold. Of course, the vibration-excited component 200 can also be other vibration-excited components 200 on the vehicle, such as the engine block.

[0114] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0115] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the vibration assembly described above. It is understood that the vibration-excited component 200 is disposed on the vehicle and is part of the vehicle.

[0116] According to the vehicle of this utility model embodiment, by setting the above-mentioned vibration component, setting the above-mentioned noise reduction structure 100, setting multiple layers of metal sheet 1 and multiple layers of damping layer 2, and attaching them to the surface of the component 200 with vibration excitation, the metal sheet 1 and the damping layer 2 are combined to have sound absorption and vibration reduction performance, which can achieve the effect of reducing the noise radiated by the shell, and without changing the original structure and materials of the parts with vibration source.

[0117] In this application, the noise reduction structure 100 is creatively applied to the field of powertrain and related components, achieving the effect of vibration reduction and noise reduction of engine and electric drive components, and solving the NVH performance design requirements.

[0118] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0119] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A noise reduction structure, characterized by, A noise reduction structure (100) for being attached to a surface of a shell of a component (200) subjected to vibration excitation, comprising: a metal sheet (1), the metal sheet (1) being multilayered; a damping layer (2), the damping layer (2) being multilayered, the multilayered damping layer (2) and the multilayered metal sheet (1) being arranged in a stack.

2. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, The multilayered metal sheet (1) and the multilayered damping layer (2) are arranged alternately.

3. The noise reduction structure of claim 2, wherein, The metal sheet (1) and the damping layer (2) are connected by a first adhesive layer.

4. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, At least one layer of the metal sheet (1) is made of steel, iron, aluminum, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy.

5. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, At least one layer of the damping layer (2) is polyurethane foam.

6. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, At least one layer of the damping layer (2) is a layer of high polymer damping material.

7. The noise reduction structure of claim 6, wherein, The layer of high polymer damping material is butyl rubber, acrylate, polysulfide rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber or epoxy resin.

8. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, At least one layer of the metal sheet (1) has a plurality of spaced-apart openings (121).

9. The noise reduction structure of claim 8, wherein, The plurality of openings (121) have the same or different diameters.

10. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of at least one layer of the metal sheet (1) is the same at any two points or at least two points of the metal sheet (1) have different thicknesses. And / or, the thickness of at least one layer of the damping layer (2) is the same at any two points or at least two points of the damping layer (2) have different thicknesses.

11. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, The noise reduction structure (100) and the surface of the shell are arranged in a conformal manner.

12. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, The noise reduction structure (100) is attached to the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the shell.

13. The noise reduction structure of claim 1, wherein, The noise reduction structure (100) further comprises: a second adhesive layer (3) located on one side of the thickness direction of the noise reduction structure (100), for attaching the noise reduction structure (100) to the surface of the shell.

14. The noise reduction structure of claim 13, wherein, One of the damping layers (2) is closest to the second adhesive layer (3).

15. The noise reduction structure of claim 13, wherein, The thickness of the noise reduction structure (100) is less than 12 mm.

16. The noise reducing structure of claim 1, wherein, The metal sheet (1) is two layers including a first metal layer (11) and a second metal layer (12), and the damping layer (2) is two layers including a first damping layer (21) and a second damping layer (22), the first damping layer (21) is arranged between the first metal layer (11) and the second metal layer (12), the second damping layer (22) is arranged on the side of the second metal layer (12) away from the first metal layer (11), and the side of the second damping layer (22) away from the first damping layer (21) is provided with a second adhesive layer (3), The first metal layer (11) is made of aluminum; And / or, the second metal layer (12) is made of magnesium-aluminum alloy; And / or, the first damping layer (21) is polyurethane foam; And / or, the second damping layer (22) is a layer of high polymer damping material; And / or, the second adhesive layer (3) is a two-component adhesive layer; And / or, the thickness of the noise reduction structure (100) is 7.5-8.5 mm; And / or, the thickness of the first metal layer (11) is 1.5-2.5 mm; And / or, the thickness of the first damping layer (21) is 3.5-4.5 mm; And / or, the thickness of the second metal layer (12) is 0.5mm-1.5mm; And / or, the second metal layer (12) has a plurality of openings (121), the diameter of the opening (121) is 4.5mm-5.5mm, and the opening (121) rate is 55%-65%; And / or, the thickness of the second damping layer (22) is 0.5mm-1.5mm.

17. A vibration assembly, comprising: Comprising: A component (200) with vibration excitation; The noise reduction structure (100) according to any one of claims 1-16, which is attached to the outer surface and / or inner surface of the shell of the component (200) with vibration excitation and is conformal with the shell of the component (200) with vibration excitation.

18. The vibration assembly of claim 17, wherein, The component (200) with vibration excitation is an air intake manifold.

19. A vehicle characterized by comprising: Comprising the vibration assembly according to claim 17 or 18.

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