Drill bit of cantilever heading machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a drill bit of a cantilever heading machine, which relates to the technical field of mining and tunneling equipment and comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of blades arranged on the drill bit body. An adjusting mechanism used for automatically adjusting the cutting angle of the blade is arranged on the drill bit body and comprises an angle sensor, a controller and a driving part, the angle sensor is used for detecting the cutting angle of the blade and generating a cutting angle signal, and the controller is provided with a preset cutting angle range; the controller compares the cutting angle signal with a preset cutting angle range, and when the cutting angle signal exceeds the preset cutting angle range, the driving piece is controlled to adjust the cutting angle of the blade to be within the preset cutting angle range. The adjusting mechanism comprises a hardness detection unit and a speed detection unit which are arranged on the drill bit body and used for detecting the rock stratum hardness and the drilling speed. By intelligently adjusting the cutting angle, the wear resistance is improved, the structural stability is enhanced, the cutting efficiency of the drill bit is improved, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to mine exploitation and tunneling equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of cantilever boring machine drill. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of tunneling, mining and other fields, cantilever boring machine is an important equipment, which is used for efficient rock drilling and tunnel excavation. As its core component, the performance of cantilever boring machine drill directly affects the efficiency and cost of the entire tunneling process. The existing cantilever boring machine drill generally faces some problems in practical application. First, the existing drill bit design usually uses a single blade or a small number of blades, which has low cutting efficiency and cannot adapt to changes in different rock hardness, resulting in low working efficiency of the drill bit and serious tool wear during cutting, which requires frequent replacement and increases maintenance costs. Second, the traditional drill bit is prone to material fatigue and damage in high temperature and high pressure environments, especially during long-term operation, the service life of the drill bit is short, which increases the downtime and maintenance cost of the equipment. Third, since the cantilever boring machine needs to bear a large load during operation, the drill bit is prone to vibration, which affects the drilling accuracy and working stability, resulting in low construction efficiency. Finally, the existing drill bit cooling system design often has deficiencies, which cannot effectively reduce the temperature of the drill bit working area, resulting in overheating of the drill bit and further aggravating wear and failure. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a kind of cantilever boring machine drill, both can improve cutting efficiency, prolong service life, can reduce vibration, improve stability, while maintaining good cooling effect in high temperature working environment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model realizes the following technical scheme:

[0005] A cantilever boring machine drill, comprising a drill bit body and a plurality of blades arranged on the drill bit body, the drill bit body is provided with an adjusting mechanism for automatically adjusting the cutting angle of the blade, the adjusting mechanism comprises an angle sensor, a controller and a driving member, the angle sensor is used to detect the cutting angle of the blade and generate a cutting angle signal, the controller is provided with a preset cutting angle range, the controller compares the cutting angle signal with the preset cutting angle range, and when the cutting angle signal exceeds the preset cutting angle range, the driving member is controlled to adjust the cutting angle of the blade to the preset cutting angle range; the outer surface of the drill bit body is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

[0006] Further, the adjusting mechanism further comprises a hardness detection unit and a speed detection unit arranged on the drill bit body, the hardness detection unit is located at the front section of the drill bit body, and is used for detecting the hardness of the rock stratum and generating a hardness signal; the speed detection unit is located at the mounting spindle of the drill bit, and is used for detecting the drilling speed and generating a speed signal, and the controller adjusts the preset cutting angle range according to the hardness signal and the speed signal.

[0007] Further, the wear-resistant coating is a high-temperature-resistant alloy coating.

[0008] Further, the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of cooling channels penetrating through two ends of the drill bit body.

[0009] Further, the cooling channels extend along the axial direction of the drill bit body and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill bit body.

[0010] Further, the plurality of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill bit body.

[0011] Further, the blades are made of high-hardness wear-resistant materials, and the high-hardness wear-resistant materials are cemented carbide.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] First, the adjusting mechanism for automatically adjusting the cutting angle of the blade is arranged on the drill bit body, the adjusting mechanism can automatically adjust the cutting angle to the preset range according to the cutting angle signal detected by the angle sensor; meanwhile, the adjusting mechanism can dynamically adjust the preset cutting angle range according to the rock stratum hardness signal and the drilling speed signal detected by the hardness detection unit and the speed detection unit, so that the intelligent adjustment of the cutting angle is realized, the cutting efficiency of the drill bit is effectively improved, and the tool wear is reduced.

[0014] Second, the wear-resistant coating arranged on the outer surface of the drill bit body is combined with the high-hardness wear-resistant material adopted by the blade, so that the wear resistance of the drill bit is significantly improved, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced. Meanwhile, the cooling channels penetrating through two ends arranged on the drill bit body can effectively reduce the working temperature of the drill bit, and further improve the service life of the drill bit.

[0015] III. The cutting angle of the blade is monitored in real time by an angle sensor and a cutting angle signal is generated, which is compared with a preset cutting angle range by the controller; meanwhile, the hardness detection unit at the front end and the speed detection unit at the installation spindle detect the hardness of the rock stratum and the drilling speed respectively, and the controller adjusts the preset cutting angle range based on these signals, and controls the driving member to automatically adjust the blade angle when the angle signal exceeds the range. In combination with the mechanical structure design that the plurality of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the drill bit body, the cutting force is uniformly distributed, so that the optimal cutting state can be maintained under different rock strata and drilling speeds, effectively reducing the vibration during tunneling and improving the stability of the whole machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Fig. 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a cantilever tunneling machine drill bit;

[0017] Fig. 2 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the blade mounting seat;

[0018] Fig. 3 Fig. 5 is a module frame structure diagram of the adjusting mechanism;

[0019] In the drawings:

[0020] 1, drill bit body; 2, blade; 3, angle sensor; 4, controller; 5, driving member; 6, hardness detection unit; 7, speed detection unit; 8, cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] As Figs. 1-3As shown, the drill bit of the cantilever tunneling machine comprises a drill bit body 1 and a plurality of blades 2 arranged on the drill bit body 1. The drill bit body 1 is made of high-quality alloy steel material and has good mechanical strength and toughness. The plurality of blades 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drill bit body 1, and the included angle between the central axis of the blade 2 and the main shaft of the drill bit body 1 is preferably 45°. This layout can make the distribution of the rotating force and the advancing force on the blade more uniform, and reduce local stress concentration.

[0024] As shown, the adjusting mechanism comprises an angle sensor 3, a controller 4 and a driving member 5. The angle sensor 3 is arranged at the bottom of each blade 2 and is used to detect the cutting angle of the blade 2 in real time and generate a cutting angle signal. The controller 4 is built-in with a preset cutting angle range, which can be set to 15° to 35° according to different rock conditions. The controller 4 compares the cutting angle signal detected by the angle sensor 3 with the preset range, and when the cutting angle exceeds the preset range, the controller 4 immediately sends an adjusting instruction to the driving member 5. The driving member 5 adopts a precision motor, which drives the blade 2 to rotate through a transmission mechanism of a transmission shaft-transmission key cooperation, adjusts the cutting angle to the preset range, and the transmission mechanism of the transmission shaft-transmission key cooperation can bear a larger cutting load. Fig. 2

[0025] The adjusting mechanism further comprises a hardness detection unit 6 and a speed detection unit 7 arranged on the drill bit body 1. The hardness detection unit 6 adopts a piezoelectric sensor and is located at the front end of the drill bit body 1, which can judge the hardness of the rock layer by detecting the reaction force when the drill bit contacts the rock layer; the speed detection unit 7 adopts a Hall sensor and is located on the drill bit body 1 close to the installed main shaft, which is used to detect the real-time feeding speed of the drill bit. The two detection units transmit the detected signals to the controller 4, and the controller 4 dynamically adjusts the preset cutting angle range according to the signals to realize more intelligent angle control.

[0026] The outer surface of the drill bit body 1 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is made of tungsten carbide-based high-temperature alloy material and has a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.5mm. This coating has excellent wear resistance and high-temperature resistance and can remain stable in a high-temperature environment above 400℃. The blade 2 is made of hard alloy material and has a Rockwell hardness not less than HRC60, which cooperates with the wear-resistant coating to significantly improve the wear resistance of the drill bit.

[0027] In order to enhance the heat dissipation effect, a plurality of cooling channels 8 penetrating through both ends of the drill bit body 1 are arranged on the drill bit body 1. These channels extend along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1 and are evenly distributed at an angle of 120° in the circumferential direction. Cooling liquid is introduced into the channels to quickly remove the heat generated during the operation of the drill bit, so that the drill bit can always maintain in a suitable working temperature range. ​

[0028] In practical application, the angle sensor 3 monitors the cutting angle of the blade 2 in real time when the drill bit starts working. Meanwhile, the hardness detection unit 6 and the speed detection unit 7 detect the hardness of the rock stratum and the drilling speed, respectively. The controller 4 comprehensively analyzes these data, determines the optimal cutting angle range, and adjusts the angle of the blade 2 through the driving member 5. The cooling liquid in the cooling channel 8 continuously circulates to ensure the stable working temperature of the drill bit. The reinforced structure ensures the stability and reliability of the entire drilling process, and large deviation and vibration do not occur.

[0029] Through the above technical scheme, the drill bit of the boom roadheader realizes intelligent adjustment of the cutting angle, significant improvement of the service life of the drill bit, and effective guarantee of the working stability, and can be widely applied to various mining and tunnel construction projects.

[0030] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the utility model, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the utility model and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent transformation or modification according to the spirit and essence of the utility model shall be covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A boom jumbo drill bit comprising a bit body and a plurality of blades provided on the bit body, characterised in that, The drill bit body is provided with an adjusting mechanism for automatically adjusting the cutting angle of the blade, the adjusting mechanism comprising an angle sensor, a controller and a driving member, the angle sensor being used for detecting the cutting angle of the blade and generating a cutting angle signal, the controller being provided with a preset cutting angle range, the controller comparing the cutting angle signal with the preset cutting angle range, and when the cutting angle signal exceeds the preset cutting angle range, the controller controls the driving member to adjust the cutting angle of the blade to be within the preset cutting angle range; the outer surface of the drill bit body is provided with a wear-resistant coating.

2. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The adjusting mechanism further comprises a hardness detection unit and a speed detection unit arranged on the drill bit body, the hardness detection unit being located at the front section of the drill bit body and being used for detecting the hardness of the rock stratum and generating a hardness signal; the speed detection unit being located at the mounting spindle of the drill bit and being used for detecting the drilling speed and generating a speed signal, the controller adjusting the preset cutting angle range according to the hardness signal and the speed signal.

3. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The wear-resistant coating is a high-temperature-resistant alloy coating.

4. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The drill bit body is provided with a plurality of cooling channels penetrating through both ends of the drill bit body.

5. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 4, wherein, The cooling channels extend along the axial direction of the drill bit body and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill bit body.

6. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill bit body.

7. A boom miner drill bit according to claim 1, wherein, The blade is made of high-hardness wear-resistant material, and the high-hardness wear-resistant material is cemented carbide.

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