Extrusion equipment for needle-shaped fertilizer
By introducing a humidification and dehumidification system into the needle fertilizer extrusion equipment, combined with humidity detection, the problem of insufficient humidity control was solved, thereby improving the yield of needle fertilizer and the service life of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional needle fertilizer extrusion equipment lacks humidity control, which leads to the raw material clumping and sticking when the humidity is too high, and becoming brittle when the humidity is too low, thus affecting the quality of the finished product.
A humidification system with a water spray pipe, a water delivery pipe, and a water pump was designed, along with a dehumidification system with a heating wire and an exhaust fan. Combined with a humidity detector, the humidity of the raw materials is monitored and adjusted in real time, and the humidity is controlled within a suitable range by spraying water or heating.
It enables precise control of the moisture content of needle fertilizer raw materials, improves yield and product quality, extends equipment life, and allows for flexible adjustment of production speed.
Smart Images
Figure CN224060555U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an extrusion device for producing needle fertilizer, specifically an extrusion device for needle fertilizer, belonging to the field of needle fertilizer processing technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of agricultural modernization, there are higher requirements for the form and precision of fertilizer application. Due to its unique shape, needle fertilizer can penetrate the soil more precisely, reduce fertilizer waste and improve fertilizer efficiency, and is therefore widely used. When processing needle fertilizer into production, extrusion molding equipment is used.
[0003] However, traditional needle fertilizer extrusion equipment often lacks effective moisture control during the extrusion production of needle fertilizer raw materials. When the moisture content of the raw materials is too high, the produced needle fertilizer is prone to clumping and sticking together. When the moisture content of the raw materials is too low, the produced needle fertilizer is prone to drying and brittleness, which will affect the finished product of needle fertilizer and reduce its quality.
[0004] To address these issues, we provide an extrusion device for needle-shaped fertilizers. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an extrusion device for needle-shaped fertilizers, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:
[0006] An extrusion device for needle-shaped fertilizer includes an extrusion cylinder, a rotating shaft rotatably connected inside the extrusion cylinder, a spiral blade connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, a servo motor mounted on the upper end of the extrusion cylinder, a water spray pipe connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, a water supply pipe connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft, a water pump connected to the side end of the water supply pipe, a heating wire connected inside the extrusion cylinder, an exhaust pipe connected to the outer end of the extrusion cylinder, an exhaust fan installed inside the exhaust pipe, a feed pipe connected to the outer end of the extrusion cylinder, a feed hopper connected to the upper end of the feed pipe, and multiple humidity detectors installed inside the feed hopper.
[0007] Preferably, the extrusion cylinder has a multi-layer structure, including an outer shell and an inner shell. The outer shell is made of a high-strength alloy, and the inner shell is made of a corrosion-resistant stainless steel alloy with a smooth inner wall surface.
[0008] Preferably, the outer end of the outer shell is provided with a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation cotton, and the heating wire is a resistance wire, which is located between the outer shell and the inner shell.
[0009] Preferably, a support ring is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, the support ring is located at the upper end of the extrusion cylinder, and a ball bearing is provided between the two. The pitch of the spiral blade gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the spiral blade is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder.
[0010] Preferably, a worm gear is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft, and a worm is connected to the drive end of the first servo motor. The worm meshes with the worm gear at the outer end of the rotating shaft. The water spray pipe is located at the upper end of the spiral blade, and a water spray head is provided at its lower end.
[0011] Preferably, the inside of the rotating shaft is connected to the water spray pipe and the water delivery pipe respectively, the upper end of the extrusion cylinder is connected to a water pipe connecting ring, and the upper end of the rotating shaft and the side end of the water delivery pipe are rotatably connected to the water pipe connecting ring.
[0012] Preferably, the connection between the feed pipe and the extrusion cylinder is located at the upper end of the spiral blade, a spiral push rod is rotatably connected inside the feed pipe, a second servo motor is connected to the side end of the feed pipe, the drive end of the second servo motor is connected to the spiral push rod, and an extrusion die is connected to the lower end of the extrusion cylinder through a flange, and multiple discharge holes are opened inside the extrusion die.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0014] 1. The needle fertilizer extrusion equipment is equipped with a humidification system consisting of a water spray pipe, a water delivery pipe, and a water pump. A dehumidification system consisting of a heating wire, an exhaust pipe, and an exhaust fan is also included. A humidity detector inside the feed hopper monitors the humidity of the needle fertilizer raw materials. When the humidity is below a set value, the humidification system activates, precisely controlling the spray volume and spraying time to evenly distribute the appropriate amount of water onto the raw materials. When the humidity is above the set value, the dehumidification system activates, using moderate heating to evaporate the moisture from the raw materials. Simultaneously, an exhaust fan removes the evaporated water vapor from the equipment. By monitoring and adjusting the humidity of the needle fertilizer raw materials in real time, the yield of the finished needle fertilizer is ensured, improving product quality and stability.
[0015] 2. This needle fertilizer extrusion equipment features a multi-layered extrusion cylinder structure. The outer shell ensures structural strength, while the inner shell prevents corrosion from the needle fertilizer raw materials, thus extending its service life. The insulation layer reduces external temperature interference with the raw materials inside the extrusion cylinder, improving the quality of the final product. A spiral pusher is installed inside the feed pipe, and a second servo motor drives the spiral pusher to rotate, pushing the material from the feed pipe into the extrusion cylinder. The second servo motor can adjust the rotation speed of the bolt pusher, thereby adjusting the feeding speed and thus the processing efficiency of the device. This allows the device to flexibly increase or decrease the production speed according to production needs. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the spiral blade structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 3 Schematic diagram of Area A;
[0020] Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 3 Schematic diagram of area B.
[0021] Figure descriptions: 1. Extrusion cylinder; 101. Outer shell; 102. Inner shell; 103. Insulation layer; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Spiral blade; 4. Servo motor No. 1; 5. Water spray pipe; 6. Water supply pipe; 7. Water pump; 8. Heating wire; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. Exhaust fan; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Feed hopper; 13. Humidity detector; 14. Support ring; 15. Water pipe connecting ring; 16. Spiral push rod; 17. Servo motor No. 2; 18. Extrusion die. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0023] Please see Figure 1 — Figure 5 The extrusion cylinder 1 has a multi-layer structure, including an outer shell 101 and an inner shell 102. The outer shell 101 is made of a high-strength alloy to ensure the structural strength of the extrusion cylinder 1 and prevent it from being damaged by external impacts and collisions. The inner shell 102 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel alloy to prevent it from being corroded by needle-shaped fertilizer raw materials. Its inner wall surface is smooth, which can reduce the adhesion of raw materials. An insulation layer 103 is provided at the outer end of the outer shell 101. The insulation layer 103 is made of insulation cotton, which can reduce the interference of external temperature on the raw materials inside the extrusion cylinder 1.
[0024] A rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected inside the extrusion cylinder 1. A support ring 14 is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 2. The support ring 14 is located at the upper end of the extrusion cylinder 1, and ball bearings are arranged between the two. The support ring 14 is used to support the rotating shaft 2. The ball bearings facilitate the rotation of the support ring 14, thereby facilitating the rotation of the rotating shaft 2. A spiral blade 3 is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 2. The pitch of the spiral blade 3 gradually decreases from top to bottom. As the pitch gradually decreases, the pressure on the raw material gradually increases, thereby extruding it. The spiral blade 3 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder 1. A servo motor 4 is installed at the upper end of the extrusion cylinder 1. A worm gear is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 2. A worm is connected to the drive end of the servo motor 4. The worm gear meshes with the worm gear at the outer end of the rotating shaft 2, thereby starting the servo motor 4. The worm gear drives the worm gear to rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, causing the spiral blade 3 to rotate and transport and extrude the raw material.
[0025] A water spray pipe 5 is connected to the outer end of the rotating shaft 2. The water spray pipe 5 is located at the upper end of the spiral blade 3, and the two do not interfere with each other. A water spray head is provided at the lower end of the water spray pipe 5. A water supply pipe 6 is connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 2. The interior of the rotating shaft 2 is connected to the water spray pipe 5 and the water supply pipe 6 respectively. Thus, the water flow in the water supply pipe 6 can enter the water spray pipe 5 through the rotating shaft 2. A water pump 7 is connected to the side end of the water supply pipe 6. The water pump 7 is used to inject external water into the water supply pipe 6. A water pipe connecting ring 15 is connected to the upper end of the extrusion cylinder 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 2 and the side end of the water supply pipe 6 are rotatably connected in the water pipe connecting ring 15. The presence of the water pipe connecting ring 15 can ensure that the rotation of the rotating shaft 2 does not affect the water supply pipe 6, thereby ensuring its normal water supply.
[0026] A heating wire 8 is connected inside the extrusion cylinder 1. The heating wire 8 is a resistance wire, which generates heat when energized. The heating wire 8 is located between the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102. The heat generated by the heating wire 8 is transferred to the raw material through the inner shell 102. An exhaust pipe 9 is connected to the outer end of the extrusion cylinder 1. An exhaust fan 10 is installed inside the exhaust pipe 9. The exhaust fan 10 is used to discharge the water vapor generated by the raw material from the extrusion cylinder 1.
[0027] The outer end of the extrusion cylinder 1 is connected to a feed pipe 11. The connection between the feed pipe 11 and the extrusion cylinder 1 is located at the upper end of the spiral blade 3, so as not to affect the rotation of the spiral blade 3. A spiral push rod 16 is rotatably connected inside the feed pipe 11. A second servo motor 17 is connected to the side end of the feed pipe 11. The drive end of the second servo motor 17 is connected to the spiral push rod 16. The second servo motor 17 can drive the spiral push rod 16 to rotate, thereby pushing the raw material in the feed pipe 11 into the extrusion cylinder 1. The upper end of the feed pipe 11 is connected to a feed hopper 12. Multiple humidity detectors 13 are installed in the feed hopper 12. The humidity detectors 13 are used to detect the humidity of the raw material in the feed hopper 12.
[0028] The lower end of the extrusion cylinder 1 is connected to an extrusion die 18 via a flange. The extrusion die 18 has multiple discharge holes. The raw material will be formed into a needle shape by passing through the extrusion die 18, thereby completing the extrusion process.
[0029] In use, the following steps are taken: First, the raw material is added to the feed hopper 12, and the humidity detector 13 detects its humidity. Then, the second servo motor 17 drives the spiral pusher 16 to rotate, pushing the raw material into the extrusion cylinder 1 through the feed pipe 11. If the humidity is within the set range, the first servo motor 4 directly drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, causing the spiral blades 3 to push and extrude the raw material downwards. If the humidity is below the set range, the water pump 7 starts, injecting an appropriate amount of water (the appropriate amount of water is selected according to the humidity level) into the spray pipe 5 through the water supply pipe 6, spraying it into the extrusion cylinder 1. At this time, the first servo motor 4 drives the spiral blades 3 to rotate, evenly mixing the added water into the raw material and pushing and extruding it downwards. If the humidity is above the set range, the heating wire 8 starts, supplying heat to the extrusion cylinder 1 (the power of the heating wire 8 is selected according to the excess humidity to adjust its heat supply), causing the moisture in the raw material to evaporate. Simultaneously, the exhaust fan 10 is used to discharge the evaporated water vapor from the extrusion cylinder 1. At this time, the first servo motor 4 drives the spiral blades 3 to rotate, ensuring the raw material is heated evenly and pushing and extruding it downwards.
[0030] The technical principles of this utility model have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. An extrusion apparatus for needle-shaped fertilizer comprising an extrusion cylinder (1), characterized in that: The rotating shaft (2) is connected in the extrusion cylinder (1), the outer end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with the spiral blade (3), the upper end of the extrusion cylinder (1) is provided with a servo motor (4), the outer end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with the water jet pipe (5), the upper end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with the water delivery pipe (6), the side end of the water delivery pipe (6) is connected with the water pump (7), the extrusion cylinder (1) is connected with the heating wire (8), the outer end of the extrusion cylinder (1) is connected with the exhaust pipe (9), the exhaust fan (10) is arranged in the exhaust pipe (9), the outer end of the extrusion cylinder (1) is connected with the feeding pipe (11), the upper end of the feeding pipe (11) is connected with the feeding hopper (12), a plurality of humidity detectors (13) are arranged in the feeding hopper (12).
2. The extrusion apparatus for needle-shaped fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein: The extrusion cylinder (1) adopts a multi-layer structure, including an outer shell (101) and an inner shell (102), the outer shell (101) is made of high-strength alloy, and the inner shell (102) is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel alloy, and the inner wall surface is smooth.
3. The extrusion apparatus for needle-shaped fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein: The outer end of the outer shell (101) is provided with a heat preservation layer (103), the heat preservation layer (103) is made of heat preservation cotton, and the heating wire (8) is a resistance wire, which is located between the outer shell (101) and the inner shell (102).
4. The needle-shaped fertilizer extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with a support ring (14), the support ring (14) is located on the upper end of the extrusion cylinder (1), and the ball is arranged between the two, the pitch of the spiral blade (3) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the spiral blade (3) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder (1).
5. The needle-shaped fertilizer extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer end of the rotating shaft (2) is connected with a worm gear, and the driving end of the servo motor (4) is connected with a worm gear, which is engaged with the worm gear at the outer end of the rotating shaft (2), and the water jet pipe (5) is located at the upper end of the spiral blade (3), and the lower end is provided with a water jet head.
6. The needle-shaped fertilizer extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating shaft (2) is in communication with the water jet pipe (5) and the water delivery pipe (6), respectively, the upper end of the rotating shaft (2) and the side end of the water delivery pipe (6) are rotatably connected in the water pipe connecting ring (15).
7. The needle-shaped fertilizer extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The connecting part of the feeding pipe (11) and the extrusion cylinder (1) is located at the upper end of the spiral blade (3), the feeding pipe (11) is rotatably connected with a spiral push rod (16), the side end of the feeding pipe (11) is connected with a second servo motor (17), the driving end of the second servo motor (17) is connected with the spiral push rod (16), the lower end of the extrusion cylinder (1) is connected with an extrusion die (18) through a flange, and a plurality of discharge holes are formed in the extrusion die (18).