Coal dressing and gangue discharging device for coal mine

Abstract

The utility model provides a coal dressing and gangue discharging device for a coal mine, which belongs to the field of coal mining equipment and comprises a feeding screening mechanism, a transferring and gangue discharging mechanism and a dust falling mechanism. The feeding and screening mechanism is additionally arranged on the coal mine coal dressing and gangue discharging device, so that coal mine powder and ore particles are separated, and slack coal is automatically collected; a dynamic sorting and conveying combined operation mode is adopted in the transfer gangue discharging assembly to achieve recognition, distinguishing and separation of coal gangue and coal mine, sorted materials directly enter corresponding conveying channels, and secondary mixing is avoided. And finally, a dual-protection system is formed through a dust cover and an air suction dust-falling device in the dust-falling mechanism, the dust cover is designed in a surrounding mode to be matched with the air suction dust-falling device, the dust diffusion range of a feeding port is narrowed, the air suction dust-falling device is in linkage with the injection action of an execution assembly, and pulverized coal particles generated during operation are captured in real time. And the problem of pulverized coal diffusion caused by injection of the to-be-screened coal mine dumped from the feeding port and the execution assembly is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal mining equipment, and in particular relates to a coal preparation and gangue removal device. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, gangue (coal gangue) is an associated mineral, typically accounting for 10% to 15% of the total output. The presence of gangue not only reduces coal combustion efficiency but also increases unnecessary energy consumption and pollution during transportation, storage, and combustion. Therefore, coal gangue separation is a crucial step in clean coal production, and its effectiveness directly impacts coal quality, combustion efficiency, and environmental pollution control.

[0003] Currently, the coal mining industry mainly uses the following two methods for gangue sorting: The first is manual sorting: Workers wear protective equipment (masks, earplugs, etc.) and manually pick out gangue next to the conveyor belt. Disadvantages: High labor intensity, workers are prone to fatigue after long hours of work, low sorting efficiency (usually ≤2 tons / hour); harsh working environment with high dust and noise levels (≥85dB), posing long-term health risks to workers. The second method is mechanical sorting based on color and weight differences: An array of air nozzles is installed at the conveyor belt outlet. Utilizing the physical differences between coal (black, lighter) and gangue (gray / dark, heavier), airflow is used to achieve sorting. Disadvantages: Increased dust pollution; high-speed airflow causes coal dust diffusion, increasing dust concentration in the work area by 30%~50%, failing to meet clean production requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a coal mine coal preparation and gangue removal device that reduces reliance on manual labor, improves sorting efficiency, and solves the problem of dust diffusion caused by airflow jetting of coal gangue in existing sorting equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this utility model provides a coal mine coal preparation and gangue removal device, including a feeding screening mechanism, a transfer and gangue removal mechanism, and a dust suppression mechanism;

[0006] The feeding screening mechanism is used to screen and filter fine coal, including an inclined screen and a fine coal collection device located at the bottom of the screen.

[0007] The transfer and waste disposal mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a waste disposal assembly; the input end of the conveyor belt is located at the bottom of the output end of the screen; the waste disposal assembly includes a camera and an execution assembly; the camera is arranged correspondingly to the conveyor belt and is used to identify and distinguish between coal ore and coal gangue on the conveyor belt; the execution assembly is located at the bottom of the output end of the conveyor belt and is used to spray coal ore and coal gangue into their respective receiving boxes.

[0008] The dust suppression mechanism includes a dust cover that is inverted on top of both the feeding screening mechanism and the transfer and waste disposal mechanism, and an air suction dust suppressor that connects to the inside of the dust cover.

[0009] Optionally, the fine coal collecting device is an inverted cone-shaped receiving hopper, and the bottom end of the fine coal collecting device is provided with a fine coal discharge port.

[0010] Optionally, the top of the coal collecting device is provided with a feed baffle.

[0011] Optionally, the camera is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top wall of the dust cover, and the camera is arranged correspondingly to the output end of the conveyor belt.

[0012] Optionally, the execution component includes a plurality of nozzles evenly distributed along the width of the conveyor belt and an air pump connected to each of the plurality of nozzles; each of the plurality of nozzles is provided with an electronic control switch.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of nozzles include a pump connection portion arranged horizontally along the length of the conveyor belt and an output portion arranged obliquely upward.

[0014] Optionally, the output sections of the plurality of nozzles are arranged at an upward tilt of 15°-25°.

[0015] Optionally, two parallel receiving troughs are fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust cover corresponding to the output end of the conveyor belt; the bottom of the two receiving troughs is provided with through holes along the length of the receiving trough.

[0016] Optionally, the suction dust suppressor includes a suction pipe laid on the outside of the dust cover and a vacuum cleaner connected to the gas outlet of the suction pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the suction pipe is connected to the dust cover by at least two suction ports, and the two suction ports are respectively arranged to correspond to the feed port and the output end of the conveyor belt.

[0018] As described above, the coal mine coal preparation and gangue removal device of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This utility model achieves multi-stage processing of coal and ore materials by adding a feeding screening mechanism to the coal preparation and gangue removal device in a coal mine: effectively separating coal powder from ore particles, improving sorting accuracy, and simultaneously completing the automated collection of fine coal; the subsequent transfer and gangue removal component adopts a dynamic sorting and conveying combined operation mode: through the combination of airflow jetting and mechanical conveying, coal gangue and coal ore are identified, distinguished, and accurately separated, and the sorted material directly enters the corresponding conveying channel, avoiding secondary mixing, thus completing the sorting of coal ore and coal gangue; finally, a dual protection system is formed by the dust cover and suction dust collector in the dust suppression mechanism: the dust cover adopts an enclosed design and works with the suction dust collector to reduce the dust diffusion range at the feed inlet, and the suction dust collector is linked with the jetting action of the execution component to capture coal powder particles generated during operation in real time, reducing the dust concentration in the working environment, meeting the coal mine safety regulations standards, reducing reliance on manual labor, improving sorting efficiency, and preventing the problem of coal powder diffusion caused by the dumping of coal ore to be screened at the feed inlet and the jetting action of the execution component.

[0020] This utility model designs the coal powder collector in an inverted cone shape, which forms a progressive gathering channel. It utilizes the material's own weight to automatically gather the coal powder. The bottom coal powder outlet is directly connected to the conveying equipment, realizing continuous "screening-collection-transfer" operation and shortening the single operation cycle. The feed baffle forms a physical barrier, effectively intercepting splashed particles when dumping materials. At the same time, the cone structure saves installation space compared to the parallel bin wall design and avoids coal powder accumulation at the bottom corners.

[0021] This invention integrates a camera (such as a CCD camera or laser sensor) into the top wall of a dustproof cover, maintaining it within the optimal detection range of the conveyor belt. The identified data is transmitted in real time to an external computer (such as a PLC), and after processing by a grayscale / texture analysis algorithm, a blowing command is generated, forming a closed-loop sorting system of "detection and execution". Multiple nozzles evenly distributed along the width of the conveyor belt form a sorting array, which can simultaneously process multiple targets on the conveyor belt. The nozzle output ends are arranged at an angle of 15°-25° upward, so that the blowing airflow generates a vertical component force to offset part of the material's gravity, and a horizontal component force to increase the material's leaping distance, ensuring that the sorted material accurately falls into the distant receiving box.

[0022] This utility model separates the suction dust suppressor into a suction pipe laid on the outside of the dust cover and a dust collector connected to the gas outlet of the suction pipe. The split design arranges the suction pipe along the outer wall of the dust cover, with its two suction ports corresponding to the feed inlet (first capture zone) and the upper part of the blow-off position at the output end of the conveyor belt (second capture zone), forming a directional airflow barrier. This prevents the spread of coal dust caused by the tilting of the coal to be screened at the feed inlet and the blowing of the actuator. The opening of the dampers of the two suction ports can also be adjusted according to the actual dust concentration to achieve on-demand air volume distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding and screening mechanism of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the feeding screening mechanism and the conveyor belt of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the conveyor belt and the actuator of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dust suppression mechanism of this utility model.

[0029] Component designation explanation

[0030] 1. Screen; 2. Fine coal collector; 201. Fine coal outlet; 202. Feed baffle; 3. Conveyor belt; 4. Camera; 5. Actuating components; 501. Nozzle; 502. Air pump; 6. Dust cover; 601. Inspection door; 602. Observation window; 7. Suction dust suppressor; 701. Suction pipe; 702. Dust collector. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 6 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.

[0033] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0034] Please see Figures 1 to 6 This utility model provides a coal mine coal preparation and gangue removal device, including a feeding screening mechanism, a transfer and gangue removal mechanism, and a dust suppression mechanism; the feeding screening mechanism is used to screen and filter fine coal, including an inclined screen 1 and a fine coal collection component 2 located at the bottom end of the screen 1 (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 3 (The feed end of the screen 1 shown is higher than the discharge end); the transfer and gangue removal mechanism includes a conveyor belt 3 and a gangue removal assembly; the input end of the conveyor belt 3 is located at the bottom of the output end of the screen 1; the gangue removal assembly includes a camera 4 and an execution assembly 5; the camera 4 is arranged correspondingly to the conveyor belt 3 and is used to identify and distinguish coal ore and coal gangue on the conveyor belt 3 (the camera 4 here can be a CCD camera or a laser sensor, etc.); the execution assembly 5 is set at the bottom of the output end of the conveyor belt 3 and is used to spray the coal ore and coal gangue into the corresponding receiving boxes respectively (the camera 4 and the execution assembly 5 are electrically connected to an external computer. After receiving data from the camera 4, the external computer sends a command to the execution assembly 5 to indicate whether to spray. The external computer can be a PLC, a microcontroller, or a CPU and peripheral circuits; these are all existing technologies and will not be elaborated here). (Description); The dust suppression mechanism includes a dust cover 6 inverted on top of both the feeding screening mechanism and the transfer and gangue discharge mechanism, and an air suction dust suppressor 7 connected inside the dust cover 6. This application achieves multi-stage processing of coal and ore materials by adding a feeding screening mechanism to the coal preparation and gangue discharge device: effectively separating coal powder and ore particles, improving sorting accuracy, and simultaneously completing the automated collection of fine coal; the subsequent transfer and gangue discharge assembly adopts a dynamic sorting and conveying combined operation mode: through the combination of airflow jetting and mechanical conveying, the identification, differentiation and precise separation of coal gangue and coal ore are achieved, and the sorted materials directly enter the corresponding receiving box (or can be designed as different material conveying channels to achieve continuous operation), avoiding secondary mixing and completing the sorting of coal ore and coal gangue; finally, the dust cover 6 and the air suction dust suppressor 7 in the dust suppression mechanism form a dual protection system: The dust cover 6 adopts an enclosed design and works with the suction dust suppressor 7 to reduce the dust diffusion range at the feed inlet. The suction dust suppressor 7 is linked with the blowing action of the five actuators to capture coal dust particles generated during operation in real time, reduce the dust concentration in the working environment, meet the coal mine safety regulations standards, reduce reliance on manual labor, improve sorting efficiency, and prevent coal dust diffusion caused by the dumping of coal at the feed inlet and the blowing action of the five actuators.

[0035] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3The fine coal collecting component 2 is an inverted cone-shaped receiving hopper, and the bottom end of the fine coal collecting component 2 is provided with a fine coal discharge port 201. The top end of the fine coal collecting component 2 is provided with an inlet baffle 202. This application designs the fine coal collecting component 2 as an inverted cone shape. The inverted cone structure of the fine coal collecting component 2 forms a progressive gathering channel, which uses the weight of the material to realize the automatic gathering of coal powder. The bottom fine coal discharge port 201 is directly connected to the conveying equipment to realize continuous operation of "screening-collection-transfer" and shorten the single operation cycle. The inlet baffle 202 forms a physical shielding barrier to effectively intercept splashed particles when dumping materials. At the same time, the cone structure saves installation space compared with the parallel bin wall design and avoids coal powder accumulation at the bottom corners.

[0036] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 6 The camera 4 is fixedly connected to the top inner side of the dust cover 6, and the output end of the camera 4 is arranged corresponding to the output end of the conveyor belt 3. The execution assembly 5 is set at the bottom of the output end of the conveyor belt 3, and the execution assembly 5 includes a plurality of nozzles 501 evenly distributed along the width direction of the conveyor belt 3 and an air pump 502 respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles 501. Each of the plurality of nozzles 501 is provided with an electric control switch. The plurality of nozzles 501 includes an air pump connection part arranged horizontally along the length direction of the conveyor belt 3 and an output part arranged obliquely upward. The output part of the plurality of nozzles 501 is arranged at an upward tilt of 15°-25°. This application uses the camera 4 (such as CCD) Cameras or laser sensors are installed and fixed inside the top wall of the dust cover 6, maintaining the optimal detection range with the conveyor belt 3. The identification data is transmitted to an external computer (such as a PLC) in real time. After processing by grayscale / texture analysis algorithms, a blowing command is generated, forming a closed-loop sorting system of "detection and execution". Multiple nozzles 501 evenly distributed along the width of the conveyor belt 3 form a sorting array, which can simultaneously process multiple targets on the conveyor belt 3. The output end of the nozzles 501 is arranged at an angle of 15°-25° upward, so that the blowing airflow generates a vertical component force to offset part of the material's gravity, and a horizontal component force to increase the material's leap distance, ensuring that the sorted material accurately falls into the corresponding receiving box at a distance.

[0037] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The dust cover 6 is provided with an inspection door 601 and an observation window 602. Two parallel receiving troughs are fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust cover 6 corresponding to the output end of the conveyor belt 3. The bottom of the two receiving troughs is provided with through holes along the length of the receiving troughs. The addition of the inspection door 601 facilitates the maintenance of the equipment by the staff, and the observation window 602 facilitates the staff to understand the operating status of the equipment. The two parallel receiving troughs can collect coal gangue and coal ore that have been blown to different distances respectively. The through holes at the bottom of the two receiving troughs facilitate the separate transfer and processing of the sorted coal gangue and coal ore.

[0038] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 The dust collector 7 includes a suction pipe 701 laid on the outside of the dust cover 6 and a vacuum cleaner 702 connected to the gas outlet of the suction pipe 701. The suction pipe 701 has at least two suction ports connected to the dust cover 6, and the two suction ports are respectively arranged corresponding to the feed inlet and the output end of the conveyor belt 3. This application splits the dust collector 7 into a suction pipe 701 laid on the outside of the dust cover 6 and a vacuum cleaner 702 connected to the gas outlet of the suction pipe 701. The split design arranges the suction pipe 701 along the outer wall of the dust cover 6, and its two suction ports are respectively corresponding to the feed inlet (first capture area) and the area above the spray position of the output end of the conveyor belt 3 (second capture area), forming a directional airflow barrier, which prevents the coal dust from spreading due to the tilting of the coal mine to be screened at the feed inlet and the spraying of the five execution units. It can also adjust the opening of the dampers of the two suction ports according to the actual dust concentration to achieve on-demand air volume distribution.

[0039] In summary, this utility model overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device, characterized in that: It includes a feeding and screening mechanism, a transfer and waste disposal mechanism, and a dust suppression mechanism; The feeding screening mechanism is used to screen and filter fine coal, including an inclined screen and a fine coal collection device located at the bottom of the screen. The transfer and waste disposal mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a waste disposal assembly; the input end of the conveyor belt is located at the bottom of the output end of the screen; the waste disposal assembly includes a camera and an execution assembly; the camera is arranged correspondingly to the conveyor belt and is used to identify and distinguish between coal ore and coal gangue on the conveyor belt; the execution assembly is located at the bottom of the output end of the conveyor belt and is used to spray coal ore and coal gangue into their respective receiving boxes. The dust suppression mechanism includes a dust cover that is inverted on top of both the feeding screening mechanism and the transfer and waste disposal mechanism, and an air suction dust suppressor that connects to the inside of the dust cover.

2. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine coal collecting device is an inverted cone-shaped receiving hopper, and the bottom end of the fine coal collecting device is provided with a fine coal discharge port.

3. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the coal collection device is equipped with a feed baffle.

4. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera is fixedly connected to the inside of the top wall of the dust cover, and the camera is arranged corresponding to the output end of the conveyor belt.

5. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution component includes multiple nozzles evenly distributed along the width of the conveyor belt and air pumps respectively connected to the multiple nozzles; each of the multiple nozzles is provided with an electronic control switch.

6. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of nozzles include a pump connection portion arranged horizontally along the length of the conveyor belt and an output portion arranged obliquely upward.

7. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output sections of the multiple nozzles are arranged at an upward tilt of 15°-25°.

8. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust cover has two parallel receiving troughs fixedly connected to the side wall corresponding to the output end of the conveyor belt; the bottom of the two receiving troughs is provided with through holes along the length of the receiving trough.

9. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction dust suppressor includes a suction pipe laid on the outside of the dust cover and a vacuum cleaner connected to the gas outlet of the suction pipe.

10. The coal mine coal preparation and waste rock removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The suction pipe is connected to the dust cover by at least two suction ports, and the two suction ports are respectively arranged to correspond to the feed inlet and the output end of the conveyor belt.

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