Fiber desizing-sizing system
By designing a fiber desizing-sizing system, the problem of the existing technology being unable to meet the requirements of various sizing agent types in the desizing-sizing process was solved, enabling flexible treatment and modification of the fiber surface and improving the mechanical properties of the composite material.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot meet the desizing-sizing process of various types of fiber sizing agents, and most of them are discontinuous, resulting in poor fiber surface modification effect.
A fiber desizing-sizing system was designed, comprising a desizing unit and a sizing unit. The desizing unit includes a desizing traction roller group, a pyrolysis module, and an impregnation module. The sizing unit includes an impregnation module, a dripping module, and a melting module. It can flexibly select pyrolysis, solvent, and melting methods for desizing and sizing, and is suitable for different types of sizing agents.
It enables flexible processing of different types of sizing agents, improves the applicability and flexibility of fiber surface modification, is applicable to fiber surface modification with various sizing agents, and enhances the mechanical properties of composite materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN224077715U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fiber sizing technology, and specifically to a fiber desizing-sizing system. Background Technology
[0002] Fiber-reinforced composites are mainly composed of three parts: continuous phase (groups), reinforcing phase (fibers), and interface phase. In terms of the mechanical properties of composites, the interface phase has the lowest performance and becomes the shortest plank in the barrel effect. Therefore, in the actual composite molding process, it is often necessary to modify the surface of the fiber or matrix.
[0003] Currently, the surface modification of fibers mainly involves modifying the sizing agent, which is based on the physical, chemical and metallographic properties of the final matrix. However, since the fiber surface is often sized to protect it at the time of manufacture, subsequent modification work often needs to start by removing the sizing agent from the original fiber surface.
[0004] Currently, the most mature methods for removing sizing agents are solvent methods and pyrolysis methods; however, each method has its advantages and disadvantages. For sizing agents that are well soluble in solvents such as acetone, solvent methods can be chosen, as this method is relatively mild, but solvent recovery needs to be considered for low-boiling-point solvents. For high-temperature sizing agents and thermoplastic sizing agents that cannot be well dissolved, pyrolysis is generally chosen for desizing. This method has a faster processing time, but incomplete oxidation of the sizing agent can lead to residual carbon adhering to the carbon fiber surface, forming defects at the interface. Therefore, a suitable desizing method should be selected for different types of sizing agents. Similarly, in the sizing process, liquid sizing agents containing solvents can usually be sized using solution impregnation, but solvent-free sizing agents that are in a gel state or solid state at room temperature must be sized using melt impregnation. Existing processes / equipment cannot meet the needs of various desizing-sizing processes and are usually discontinuous. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem that existing technologies and equipment cannot meet the needs of various desizing-sizing processes, which are usually discontinuous. This invention provides a fiber desizing-sizing system with high flexibility and strong applicability, which can be used for sizing modification of fiber surfaces with various sizing agents.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a fiber desizing-sizing system, which includes:
[0007] The desizing unit, used to obtain desizing fibers, includes a desizing traction roller assembly, a pyrolysis module, and an impregnation module;
[0008] The sizing unit is used to sizing desized fibers, including an impregnation module, a dripping module, a scraping module, and a melting module;
[0009] The sizing traction roller assembly is located between the sizing unit and the desizing unit.
[0010] In some embodiments, the impregnation module includes a desizing chamber, and the desizing traction roller assembly is disposed in the desizing chamber; the pyrolysis module includes a heat medium generator for pyrolyzing the fibers to be desizing.
[0011] In some embodiments, the fibers to be desized are pyrolyzed in the desizing chamber.
[0012] In some embodiments, the traction rollers in the desizing traction roller group are configured to adjust the distance between two adjacent traction rollers.
[0013] In some embodiments, the impregnation module includes an sizing tank and an impregnation roller disposed in the sizing tank.
[0014] In some embodiments, the impregnation roller is configured to move up and down.
[0015] In some embodiments, the dispensing module includes a dispensing device, the inlet of which is equipped with a metering pump and connected to a sizing agent storage tank, and the dispensing nozzle of the dispensing device is located above the dipping roller.
[0016] In some embodiments, the glue scraping module includes a glue scraping device, which is provided with a retractable scraper. The length direction of the scraper is parallel to the axial direction of the glue-impregnating roller, and the gap between the scraper and the outer peripheral surface of the glue-impregnating roller can be adjusted by extending and retracting the scraper.
[0017] In some embodiments, the melting module includes a hot plate melting device, wherein the heating substrate of the hot plate melting device is mounted above the fiber to be sized and is positioned at 45°-60° to the horizontal plane.
[0018] In some embodiments, the melt-bonding module includes a hot plate melt-bonding device, wherein the adhesive outlet of the hot plate melt-bonding device is connected to the feed inlet of the dispensing device.
[0019] In some embodiments, the sizing unit includes a heating device for heating the sizing agent in the sizing tank, the sizing tank being connected to the inlet of the dispensing device.
[0020] In some embodiments, the fiber desizing-sizing system includes a drying chamber and an exhaust module. The drying chamber is used to dry the newly sized fibers from the sizing unit, and the exhaust module is used to discharge small molecule substances generated during the desizing and drying process.
[0021] In some embodiments, a pre-drying traction roller group is provided between the drying box and the sizing tank, and a post-drying traction roller group is provided behind the drying box along the fiber travel direction.
[0022] In some embodiments, the exhaust module includes an exhaust fan unit and a circulating fan unit; the exhaust fan unit includes a first exhaust fan installed on the desizing chamber and a second exhaust fan installed on the drying chamber; the circulating fan unit includes a first circulating fan installed on the desizing chamber and a second circulating fan installed on the drying chamber.
[0023] Through the above technical solution, the desizing unit of the fiber desizing-sizing system of this utility model includes a pyrolysis module and an impregnation module, and the sizing unit includes an impregnation module, a dripping module, a scraping module and a melting module. This allows the utility model to perform selectable desizing-sizing processes according to different types of original sizing agents and target sizing agents. It is applicable to multiple categories such as thermosetting sizing agents and thermoplastic sizing agents, and is flexible, controllable, and highly adaptable. It can be used for sizing modification of fiber surfaces with various sizing agents. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber desizing-sizing system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wire feeding method in the desizing unit of the pyrolysis desizing method of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wire feeding method in the desizing unit of the solvent-based desizing method of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the yarn feeding method in the sizing unit of the immersion sizing method of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber feeding method in the sizing unit of the drip-resin sizing method of this utility model.
[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0030] 1. Desizing unit; 2. Sizing unit; 3. Drying box; 10. Desizing box body; 11. Desizing traction roller group; 21. Sizing traction roller group; 22. Sizing tank body; 23. Dipping roller; 24. Glue dripping device; 25. Glue scraping device; 26. Heating substrate; 31. Pre-drying traction roller group; 32. Post-drying traction roller group. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.
[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower as shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the individual components. In this invention, low viscosity refers to a solvent-based sizing agent that is liquid at room temperature, and high viscosity refers to a solvent-free sizing agent that is gel-like or solid at room temperature.
[0033] This utility model discloses a fiber desizing-sizing system. Referring to the foregoing, considering that subsequent modification work often needs to start by removing the sizing agent from the original fiber surface, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the fiber desizing-sizing system of this utility model includes a desizing unit 1, a sizing unit 2, and a sizing traction roller group 21 located between the sizing unit 2 and the desizing unit 1, wherein,
[0034] The desizing unit 1 is used to desizing the fiber to be desized to obtain desized fiber, including a desizing traction roller group 11 that provides tension to the fiber, a pyrolysis module that can desizing by pyrolysis, and an impregnation module that can desizing by solvent.
[0035] The sizing unit 2 is used to sizing desized fibers and includes an impregnation module, a dripping module, a scraping module, and a melting module. Thus, low-viscosity sizing agents that are liquid at room temperature can be sized by impregnation using the impregnation module or by dripping using the dripping module. If the sizing agent has a high viscosity, it can be softened by heating using the melting module and then dripped onto the fiber and sized by scraping using the scraping module, so as to meet the sizing requirements of different viscosity ranges and different types of sizing agents.
[0036] The fiber desizing-sizing system of this invention can flexibly choose between pyrolysis or solvent methods for desizing, and select appropriate desizing and sizing processes according to different sizing agent viscosities and types. The process route is flexible and adjustable. The system of this invention has the characteristics of high flexibility and strong applicability, and can be used for sizing modification of fiber surfaces with various sizing agents.
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the impregnation module includes a desizing tank 10, and a desizing traction roller assembly 11 includes at least two desizing traction rollers disposed within the desizing tank 10, the desizing traction rollers being spaced apart along the length of the desizing tank 10. Figure 3 As shown, when solvent desizing is selected, the immersion method is adopted. The desizing tank 10 is filled with organic / inorganic solvents that can dissolve the sizing agent. The fiber feeding method is "I" shape, and the fiber to be desized is buried under the surface of the organic / inorganic solvent liquid.
[0038] This invention can also employ pyrolysis for desizing. Specifically, the pyrolysis module includes a heat medium generator for pyrolyzing the fibers to be desizing, such as... Figure 2As shown, the pyrolysis module can be set up with a separate pyrolysis box equipped with two parallel guide rollers. The fibers to be desizing are then processed using... Figure 2 The S-shaped fiber feeding method shown can also be used to share the pyrolysis chamber with the aforementioned desizing chamber 10. When different desizing methods are selected, the fiber feeding method can be changed, that is, the fiber to be desizing is pyrolyzed in the desizing chamber 10. In this utility model, pyrolysis is carried out by using a heat medium to ablate the sizing agent at high temperature (generally 400-600℃). The heat medium includes, but is not limited to, hot air, infrared waves, microwaves, etc. Therefore, the heat medium generator in this utility model can be a hot air blower, infrared generator or microwave generator in the prior art, etc., which can raise the temperature inside the desizing chamber 10 to above the decomposition temperature of the sizing agent through the heat medium.
[0039] In this invention, the traction rollers in the desizing traction roller group 11 are configured to adjust the height distance between adjacent traction rollers. For example, each traction roller can be connected to a lifting mechanism, which is fixed to the desizing box, thus enabling the traction rollers to move up and down within the box. This invention does not have special requirements for the lifting mechanism; it can be a linear motion mechanism from the prior art, such as a cylinder structure, a gear and rack structure, a lead screw and nut mechanism, etc., which are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described further in this invention. It is understood that, to improve lifting efficiency and accuracy, a servo motor can be used to drive the lifting mechanism to move the desizing traction rollers up and down.
[0040] In this invention, for low-viscosity sizing agents, the fibers can be sized by impregnation, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the sizing unit's impregnation module includes a sizing tank 22 and an impregnation roller 23 disposed in the sizing tank 22. The impregnation roller 23 is configured to move up and down, and the impregnation roller can also be adjusted up and down using the aforementioned lifting mechanism.
[0041] Furthermore, when finer or localized sizing is required, a dripping method can be used to sizing the fibers. The impregnation module and the dripping module can be combined. Specifically, the dripping module includes a dripping device 24, whose inlet is equipped with a metering pump and connected to the sizing agent storage tank. The dripping nozzles of the dripping device 24 are spaced above the impregnation roller 23. During the sizing process, a scraping motion is usually required after dripping. This scraping helps to evenly distribute the adhesive, remove excess adhesive, ensure consistent coating thickness, and improve adhesion and overall effect. This avoids adhesive aggregation or unevenness, thereby improving the quality of the final product. For this purpose, a scraping device 25 is installed downstream of the dripping device along the fiber feeding direction. The scraping device 25 is equipped with a retractable scraper, the length of which is parallel to the axial direction of the impregnation roller 23. The gap between the scraper and the sized fiber can be adjusted according to the viscosity of the sizing agent and the required sizing agent content on the fiber surface to scrape away excess sizing agent. Figure 5As shown, when scraping is required, the fiber adheres to the upper edge of the dipping roller 23, and the lifting mechanism drives the dipping roller 23 upward to increase the fiber tension. The sizing agent is delivered to the drip nozzle through a pipeline via a metering pump, and the flow rate can be controlled by the metering pump inside the pump.
[0042] In this utility model, referring to the foregoing, a low-viscosity liquid sizing agent at room temperature can complete the sizing process through dipping in a sizing tank or using a dispensing device. When dipping in a sizing tank is selected for sizing, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fiber adheres to the lower edge of the impregnation roller, and the lifting mechanism drives the impregnation roller to press down, immersing the fiber below the surface of the sizing agent to achieve sizing. When the dripping method is selected for sizing, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the fiber is bonded to the upper edge of the impregnation roller, and the lifting mechanism drives the impregnation roller upward to increase the fiber tension. The sizing agent is pumped and transported to the drip nozzle in the form of a pipeline. The flow rate can be controlled by the metering pump inside the pump.
[0043] In this utility model, there are no special requirements for the dispensing device 24 and the scraping device. In the prior art, conventional dispensing devices and scraping devices can be used in this utility model, and this utility model will not elaborate further on them.
[0044] If the sizing agent has high viscosity at room temperature or requires heating to soften, a sizing process can be completed by using a melt / injection device and a scraping device in combination.
[0045] Specifically, the melting module includes a hot plate melting device. The heating plate of the hot plate melting device is installed above the fiber to be sized and is located upstream of the scraper of the scraper device along the fiber travel direction, at an angle of 45°-60° to the horizontal plane. In this way, the hot plate melting adhesive can be dropped onto the fiber surface, and the gap between the scraper of the scraper device and the sized fiber can be adjusted to scrape off excess sizing agent and allow it to cool naturally.
[0046] Understandably, sizing agents that are high in viscosity or require heating to soften at room temperature can be melted on a hot plate and then either allowed to drip naturally or pumped after melting. Specifically, the hot plate melting device melts the sizing agent and collects it in a container. The melt outlet on the container is connected to the inlet of the dripping device 24. The sizing agent is then pumped through a pipeline to drip onto the fiber surface. The gap between the scraper blade on the scraper device and the sized fiber is adjusted to scrape off excess sizing agent, which is then allowed to cool naturally.
[0047] This invention does not have any special requirements for the heating and softening device for the adhesive, and is not limited to the aforementioned hot plate adhesive melting device. Other devices in the art that can heat and soften the sizing agent can be used in this invention, and will not be described in detail here.
[0048] The dispensing device 24 is located above the sizing tank 22, and the sizing tank 22 has an open top. The sizing unit includes a heating device for heating the sizing agent in the sizing tank 22. The sizing tank 22 is connected to the feed port of the dispensing device 24, so that the sizing tank can be heated and the molten sizing agent can be returned to the scraping device.
[0049] In this invention, the fiber desizing-sizing system includes a drying chamber 3 and an exhaust module. The drying chamber 3 is used to dry the newly sized fibers from the sizing unit to reduce the moisture content of the fibers after impregnation and dripping treatment. The exhaust module is used to discharge small molecule substances, such as volatiles and / or gases, generated during the desizing and drying process.
[0050] A pre-drying traction roller group 31 is provided between the drying box 3 and the sizing tank 22. A post-drying traction roller group 32 is provided after the drying box 3 along the fiber travel direction. The structure of the drying box is well known to those skilled in the art and is not a point of this invention, so it will not be described in detail.
[0051] In this utility model, the exhaust module includes an exhaust fan unit and a circulating fan unit; the exhaust fan unit includes a first exhaust fan installed on the top wall of the desizing chamber 10 and a second exhaust fan installed on the top wall of the drying chamber 3; the circulating fan unit includes a first circulating fan installed on the bottom wall of the desizing chamber 10 and a second circulating fan installed on the bottom wall of the drying chamber 3.
[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, including the combination of various specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately. However, these simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fiber desizing-sizing system, characterized in that, The fiber desizing-sizing system includes: The desizing unit (1) is used to obtain desizing fibers, including a desizing traction roller group (11), a pyrolysis module and an impregnation module; The sizing unit (2) is used to sizing the desized fibers, and includes an impregnation module, a dripping module, a melting module and a scraping module; The sizing traction roller group (21) is located between the sizing unit (2) and the desizing unit (1).
2. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impregnation module includes a desizing chamber (10), and the desizing traction roller group (11) is disposed in the desizing chamber (10); the pyrolysis module includes a heat medium generator for pyrolyzing the fiber to be desizing, and the fiber to be desizing is pyrolyzed in the desizing chamber (10).
3. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction rollers in the desizing traction roller group (11) are configured to adjust the distance between two adjacent traction rollers.
4. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impregnation module includes an sizing tank (22) and an impregnation roller (23) disposed in the sizing tank (22); and / or The dispensing module includes a dispensing device (24), the inlet of which is equipped with a metering pump and connected to a sizing agent storage tank, and the dispensing port of the dispensing device (24) is located above the dipping roller (23).
5. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The glue scraping module includes a glue scraping device (25), which is equipped with a retractable scraper. The length direction of the scraper is parallel to the axial direction of the glue-impregnating roller (23). The gap between the scraper and the outer circumferential surface of the glue-impregnating roller (23) can be adjusted by retraction; and / or The dip roller (23) is configured to move up and down.
6. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sizing module includes a hot plate sizing device, wherein the heating plate (26) of the hot plate sizing device is mounted above the fiber to be sized and is positioned at an angle of 45°-60° to the horizontal plane; and / or The glue melting module includes a hot plate glue melting device, the glue outlet of which is connected to the feed port of the dripping device (24).
7. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sizing unit includes a heating device for heating the sizing agent in the sizing tank (22), which is connected to the inlet of the dispensing device (24).
8. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber desizing-sizing system includes a drying chamber (3) and an exhaust module. The drying chamber (3) is used to dry the new sized fibers from the sizing unit, and the exhaust module is used to discharge small molecule substances generated during the desizing and drying process.
9. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, A pre-drying traction roller group (31) is provided between the drying box (3) and the sizing tank (22), and a post-drying traction roller group (32) is provided behind the drying box (3) along the fiber travel direction.
10. The fiber desizing-sizing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The exhaust module includes an exhaust fan unit and a circulating fan unit; the exhaust fan unit includes a first exhaust fan installed on the desizing box (10) and a second exhaust fan installed on the drying box (3); the circulating fan unit includes a first circulating fan installed on the desizing box (10) and a second circulating fan installed on the drying box (3).