Metallurgical furnace and smelting system
By setting multiple inclined nozzles inside the metallurgical furnace to form a swirling flow, the injection speed and angle are adjustable, which solves the problem of low reaction efficiency in existing metallurgical furnaces and achieves full contact of materials and improved reaction efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
The reaction efficiency of existing metallurgical furnaces needs to be improved.
Multiple first nozzles are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body, with the spray direction inclined to the radial direction to form a vortex. The material contact is enhanced by the vortex element, the spray speed is ≥200m/s, and the tilt angle is adjustable to improve the reaction efficiency.
By creating sufficient contact through swirling, the reaction efficiency and effectiveness of materials in the metallurgical furnace are significantly improved, adapting to different reaction requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN224094898U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of metallurgical equipment technology, specifically relating to a metallurgical furnace and smelting system. Background Technology
[0002] As a fundamental industry of the national economy, the metallurgical industry provides key materials for numerous fields such as machinery, energy, chemicals, transportation, construction, aerospace, and national defense. With the rapid development of the global economy and continuous technological advancements, metallurgical technology is also constantly innovating to meet the ever-growing market demands. Existing metallurgical equipment typically employs metallurgical furnaces for processes such as smelting, blowing, and reduction. Furthermore, existing materials or gases are usually introduced into the furnace via injection to improve the reaction efficiency of materials and gases within the furnace to some extent. However, the reaction efficiency of existing metallurgical furnaces still needs improvement. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is that the reaction efficiency of existing furnaces still needs to be improved. In order to solve this technical problem, a metallurgical furnace and smelting system that can improve reaction efficiency is provided.
[0004] The technical solution proposed in this application is as follows:
[0005] A metallurgical furnace, comprising:
[0006] Cylindrical furnace body;
[0007] Multiple first nozzles are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body on the side wall of the furnace body. The outlet end of each first nozzle is located inside the furnace body. On the circumferential plane of the furnace body, the spray direction of the multiple first nozzles is inclined in the same direction relative to the radial direction of the furnace body to form a vortex inside the furnace body.
[0008] Multiple swirling elements, each of which is disposed at the outlet of a corresponding first nozzle, so that a rotating jet is ejected from the outlet of the first nozzle.
[0009] Using the aforementioned metallurgical furnace, a substance is injected into the furnace body through a first nozzle. The injected substance causes the substances inside the furnace body to rotate, forming a vortex. At the same time, the substance ejected from the first nozzle is also in a rotating jet state, which allows the substances inside the furnace body to fully contact and react, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the substances inside the furnace body.
[0010] Furthermore, the number of the first nozzles is ≥10, and the plurality of the first nozzles are evenly spaced along the circumference of the furnace body.
[0011] Furthermore, the velocity of the material ejected from the first nozzle is ≥200m / s.
[0012] Furthermore, the spray direction of the first nozzle is adjustable on the circumferential plane of the furnace body.
[0013] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace is a smelting furnace;
[0014] The first nozzle is used to inject gas into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a feeding port, which corresponds to the swirl in the vertical direction.
[0015] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace also includes a plurality of second nozzles and a plurality of third nozzles. The plurality of second nozzles are spaced apart on the side wall of the furnace body and located above the first nozzle. The plurality of third nozzles are spaced apart on the top of the furnace body. Both the second nozzles and the third nozzles are used to inject gas into the furnace body.
[0016] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace is a blowing furnace;
[0017] The first nozzle is used to inject gas into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a cold material inlet, which is vertically aligned with the swirl.
[0018] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace is a reduction furnace;
[0019] The first nozzle is used to spray reducing agent and sulfiding agent into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a coal feeding port, which corresponds to the swirl in the vertical direction.
[0020] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace is a direct copper smelting device;
[0021] The metallurgical furnace includes a smelting tower and a blowing pool, the smelting tower being located above the blowing pool, and the blowing pool including the furnace body.
[0022] A smelting system comprising a metallurgical furnace as described above. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metallurgical furnace provided in one embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first nozzle installation location in a metallurgical furnace, provided for another embodiment of this application.
[0026] Label Explanation:
[0027] 110. Furnace body; 111. Mounting hole; 120. First nozzle; 121. Rotating jet; 130. Flexible layer. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0030] On the one hand, such as Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application provides a metallurgical furnace, including a furnace body 110 and a plurality of first nozzles 120. The furnace body 110 is cylindrical, and the plurality of first nozzles 120 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body 110 on the side wall of the furnace body 110, and the outlet end of each first nozzle 120 is located inside the furnace body 110 to spray material into the furnace body 110. At the same time, on the circumferential plane of the furnace body 110, the spraying direction of the plurality of first nozzles 120 is inclined in the same direction relative to the radial direction of the furnace body 110 to form a swirling flow inside the furnace body 110.
[0031] It needs to be explained that, such as Figure 1 As shown, multiple first nozzles 120 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the furnace body 110, and all are inclined in the same direction relative to the radial direction of the furnace body 110. This allows the material sprayed by the first nozzles 120 into the furnace body 110 to drive other materials within the furnace body 110 to rotate, thereby forming a vortex. This ensures sufficient contact between the materials within the furnace body 110, thus improving the reaction efficiency of the materials within the furnace body 110. Preferably, the inclination angle α of each first nozzle 120 relative to the radial direction of the furnace body 110 is the same. Of course, in other embodiments, the inclination angle α of the multiple first nozzles 120 can also be different, as long as a vortex can be formed within the furnace body 110.
[0032] Furthermore, the metallurgical furnace also includes multiple swirling elements, each of which is disposed at the outlet of a corresponding first nozzle 120, so that a rotating jet 121 is ejected from the outlet of the first nozzle 120, thereby making the material in the furnace body 110 more fully contacted and further improving the reaction efficiency of the material in the furnace body 110.
[0033] It should be noted that the rotating jet 121 is achieved through a swirling element, similar to an existing swirling air outlet. The substance ejected from the first nozzle 120 can be a gaseous substance, or a liquid or solid substance, without limitation. It should be further explained that the aforementioned jet direction refers to the jet direction of the rotating jet 121.
[0034] Using the metallurgical furnace described above, a substance is injected into the furnace body 110 through the first nozzle 120. The injected substance causes the substance inside the furnace body 110 to rotate and form a vortex. At the same time, the substance ejected from the first nozzle 120 is also in a rotating jet 121 state, which allows the substance inside the furnace body 110 to fully contact and react, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the substance inside the furnace body 110.
[0035] In one embodiment, the angle of inclination of the spray direction of the first nozzle 120 relative to the radial direction is adjustable on the circumferential plane of the furnace body 110, that is, the spray direction of the first nozzle 120 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the diameter of the swirling flow inside the furnace body 110 and thus adjusting the reaction intensity.
[0036] It needs to be explained that, such as Figure 1 As shown, taking the case where all the first nozzles 120 have the same tilt angle α, the spray direction of all the first nozzles 120 within the furnace body 110 will be tangent to an imaginary circle O. The imaginary circle O is located at the point where the material sprayed by the first nozzles 120 forms a swirling flow, and the imaginary circle O is coaxial with the furnace body 110. On the circumferential plane of the furnace body 110, the material inside and outside the imaginary circle O will rotate with the swirling flow. If the tilt angle α of the first nozzles 120 is adjustable, then the diameter of the imaginary circle O is adjustable, that is, the diameter of the swirling flow can be adjusted. The smaller the diameter of the imaginary circle O, the faster the flow velocity of the formed swirling flow and the higher the reaction intensity; the larger the diameter of the imaginary circle O, the slower the flow velocity of the formed swirling flow and the lower the reaction intensity.
[0037] It should be further explained that the slower the flow rate of the swirling current and the lower the reaction intensity mentioned above is based on the comparison of this embodiment, and does not mean that the reaction intensity is lower than that of the prior art.
[0038] Optionally, the first nozzle 120 can be angled relative to the furnace body 110, or the first nozzle 120 includes a connecting part and a spraying part, the connecting part is fixedly connected to the furnace body 110, the spraying part is connected to the connecting part and located inside the furnace body 110, and the spraying part can be angled relative to the connecting part.
[0039] It should be noted that the angle adjustment methods for the first nozzle 120 and the spray section can be the same. Taking the angle adjustment of the first nozzle 120 as an example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a mounting hole 111 with a diameter larger than that of the first nozzle 120 can be opened on the furnace body 110. The first nozzle 120 is installed in the mounting hole 111 and can rotate on the circumferential plane of the furnace body 110 to achieve adjustment of the tilt angle α. Figure 2 The tip of the first nozzle 120 can swing left and right; a flexible layer 130 is filled between the first nozzle 120 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 111. The flexible layer 130 is a high-temperature resistant flexible material, such as ceramic aerogel. Figure 2 In this design, the top end of the first nozzle 120 extends into the furnace body 110, while the bottom end is located outside the furnace body 110. It can be connected to a drive structure to adjust the angle of the first nozzle 120 and fix it relative to the furnace body 110. Because a flexible layer 130 is filled between the first nozzle 120 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 111, the first nozzle 120 can be adjusted to a certain angle while ensuring a tight seal.
[0040] In one embodiment, the number of first nozzles 120 is ≥10 to ensure that the material ejected by the first nozzles 120 can form a vortex within the furnace body 110. Furthermore, the velocity of the material ejected by the first nozzles 120 is ≥200m / s to ensure the rotational speed for forming the vortex, thereby ensuring sufficient contact and reaction of the material, and improving the reaction intensity and efficiency.
[0041] In one embodiment, the furnace body 110 is further provided with a product discharge port and a slag discharge port. The product discharge port is used to discharge process products, while the slag discharge port is used to discharge slag. Furthermore, the furnace body 110 is also provided with a flue for discharging flue gas generated during the reaction process.
[0042] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this application, four specific examples are provided below:
[0043] Example 1
[0044] A metallurgical furnace is a smelting furnace used for melting metals. In this example, the first nozzle 120 is used to inject gas (air or oxygen-enriched gas) into the furnace body 110, and the product discharge port is used to discharge metallic sulfur. The gas ejected from the first nozzle 120 forms a swirling flow within the furnace body 110, causing the molten material within the furnace body 110 to rotate. This results in the material within the furnace body 110 being impacted and agitated, leading to a vigorous reaction between the material and the gas, effectively improving the reaction intensity and efficiency.
[0045] Furthermore, a feeding port is provided at the top of the furnace body 110. The feeding port is used to add materials, and the feeding port is vertically aligned with the vortex, so that the added materials can directly enter the vortex, thereby allowing the added materials to quickly contact and react with the substances inside the furnace body 110.
[0046] In practical applications, the metallurgical furnace also includes multiple second nozzles and multiple third nozzles. The multiple second nozzles are spaced apart on the side wall of the furnace body 110 and located above the first nozzle 120, while the multiple third nozzles are spaced apart on the top of the furnace body 110. Both the second and third nozzles are used to inject gas into the furnace body 110. Specifically, the first nozzle 120 is used to input primary air, while the second and third nozzles are used to input secondary air.
[0047] Example 2
[0048] The metallurgical furnace is a blowing furnace used for blowing copper matte. In this example, the first nozzle 120 is used to inject gas (air or oxygen-enriched gas) into the furnace body 110, and the product discharge port is used to discharge blister copper. The gas ejected from the first nozzle 120 forms a swirling flow inside the furnace body 110, causing the molten material inside the furnace body 110 to rotate. This results in the material inside the furnace body 110 being subjected to strong impact and agitation, causing the material and gas to react violently, rapidly melting, desulfurizing, and slagging to produce blister copper and slag.
[0049] In practical applications, the furnace body 110 also has a cold material inlet and a copper matte inlet. The cold material inlet is located at the top of the furnace body 110 and corresponds vertically to the vortex, so that the added cold material directly enters the vortex, thereby allowing the material to quickly contact and react with the substances inside the furnace body 110. The copper matte inlet is located on the side wall of the furnace body 110 and above the first nozzle 120.
[0050] Example 3
[0051] The metallurgical furnace is a reduction furnace used to reduce slag containing valuable metals to obtain those metals. In this example, the first nozzle 120 is used to spray a reducing agent and a sulfiding agent into the furnace body 110, and the product discharge port is used to discharge sulfur enriched with valuable metals. As described above, the substances sprayed from the first nozzle 120 cause the slag inside the furnace body 110 to rotate, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reduction effect.
[0052] In practical applications, a coal feeding port is also provided at the top of the furnace body 110. The coal feeding port is vertically aligned with the vortex, so that the crushed coal added from the coal feeding port can directly enter the vortex, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and reaction effect. Furthermore, a slag inlet is also provided on the side wall of the furnace body 110 for slag input.
[0053] It should be noted that in this example, the metallurgical furnace also includes multiple electrodes inserted into the furnace body 110 to heat the material inside the furnace body 110. Simultaneously, gas-phase nozzles are installed on the side walls and top of the furnace body 110 to inject gas (air or oxygen-enriched gas) into the furnace body 110, thereby burning and removing any escaping reducing agents and sulfiding agents.
[0054] Example 4
[0055] The metallurgical furnace is a direct copper smelting device, including a smelting tower and a blowing pool. The smelting tower is located above the blowing pool, which includes the aforementioned furnace body 110. Multiple first nozzles 120 are disposed at the blowing pool for injecting gas (air or oxygen-enriched gas) into the blowing pool. In this example, a product discharge port is used to discharge blister copper.
[0056] In practical applications, a feeding port is provided at the top of the smelting tower. The dried material is fed through this port and, under high temperature, reacts violently with the gas, melting rapidly. It then undergoes desulfurization and slag formation sequentially, producing copper matte and slag. The copper matte and slag fall into the blowing tank. The melt in the blowing tank rotates under the action of gas injected from the first nozzle 120, producing crude copper and slag. The crude copper is discharged from the product discharge port, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port.
[0057] In summary, the metallurgical furnace provided in this application can be applied to a variety of equipment and has at least the following advantages:
[0058] 1. The substance sprayed by the first nozzle 120 can form a swirling flow inside the furnace body 110, and the substance sprayed by the first nozzle 120 is a rotating jet 121, which can make the substances inside the furnace body 110 fully contact each other, effectively improving the reaction efficiency and reaction effect of the substances.
[0059] 2. The tilt angle α of the first nozzle 120 is adjustable, so that the tilt angle α can be adjusted according to the reaction requirements to meet different reaction requirements.
[0060] On the other hand, this application also discloses a smelting system, which includes the metallurgical furnace in the above embodiments.
[0061] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A metallurgical furnace, characterized in that, include: Cylindrical furnace body; Multiple first nozzles are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body on the side wall of the furnace body. The outlet end of each first nozzle is located inside the furnace body. On the circumferential plane of the furnace body, the spray direction of the multiple first nozzles is inclined in the same direction relative to the radial direction of the furnace body to form a vortex inside the furnace body. Multiple swirling elements, each of which is disposed at the outlet of a corresponding first nozzle, so that a rotating jet is ejected from the outlet of the first nozzle.
2. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first nozzles is ≥10, and the multiple first nozzles are evenly spaced along the circumference of the furnace body.
3. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The velocity of the material ejected from the first nozzle is ≥200m / s.
4. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray direction of the first nozzle is adjustable on the circumferential plane of the furnace body.
5. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallurgical furnace is a smelting furnace; The first nozzle is used to inject gas into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a feeding port, which corresponds to the swirl in the vertical direction.
6. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a plurality of second nozzles and a plurality of third nozzles. The plurality of second nozzles are spaced apart on the side wall of the furnace body and located above the first nozzle. The plurality of third nozzles are spaced apart on the top of the furnace body. Both the second nozzles and the third nozzles are used to inject gas into the furnace body.
7. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallurgical furnace is a blowing furnace; The first nozzle is used to inject gas into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a cold material inlet, which is vertically aligned with the swirl.
8. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallurgical furnace is a reduction furnace; The first nozzle is used to spray reducing agent and sulfiding agent into the furnace body; the top of the furnace body is also provided with a coal feeding port, which corresponds to the swirl in the vertical direction.
9. The metallurgical furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallurgical furnace is a direct copper smelting equipment; The metallurgical furnace includes a smelting tower and a blowing pool, the smelting tower being located above the blowing pool, and the blowing pool including the furnace body.
10. A smelting system, characterized in that, Includes the metallurgical furnace as described in any one of claims 1-9.