Circularly polarized antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment, the circularly polarized antenna comprises a grounding plate, a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator, the first antenna radiator comprises a first radiation arm and a second radiation arm, the second antenna radiator comprises a third radiation arm and a fourth radiation arm, the first radiation arm and the third radiation arm are electromagnetically coupled, the second radiation arm is located on the side, away from the third radiation arm, of the first radiation arm, and the fourth radiation arm is located on the side, away from the first radiation arm, of the third radiation arm. The circularly polarized antenna is formed through the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator, the positioning precision of the electronic equipment can be improved, and through the design that the first radiation arm is coupled with the third radiation arm and the second radiation arm is opposite to the fourth radiation arm, the circularly polarized antenna can have a better signal receiving effect, and the positioning precision of the electronic equipment is improved. And the structure design is more flexible, and the integrated design is more facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a circularly polarized antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Location tracking is crucial for electronic devices like smartwatches and fitness trackers. It not only records movement patterns, helping users understand their activity levels and progress, but also provides monitoring for children and the elderly. Parents can use the smartwatch's location function to track their children's or elderly relatives' whereabouts at any time, preventing them from getting lost. Furthermore, in emergencies, it provides accurate location information to rescue personnel, enabling them to reach the scene quickly and improving rescue efficiency.

[0003] However, traditional smartwatches or smart bands use linearly polarized antennas for positioning, while the signals emitted by navigation satellites become right-hand circularly polarized signals after passing through the ionosphere. Therefore, the positioning antennas of smartwatches or smart bands cannot receive all the signals from navigation satellites, and the resulting multipath interference will seriously affect the positioning performance of the entire device. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application discloses a circularly polarized antenna, which can form a circularly polarized antenna through a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator. This can improve the positioning accuracy of electronic devices. Furthermore, the design of coupling the first and third radiating arms and having the second and fourth radiating arms facing away from each other allows the circularly polarized antenna to have better signal reception and a more flexible structural design, which is more conducive to integration design.

[0005] By feeding the inverted-F antenna, resonance is generated on the parasitic antenna through coupling effect, simplifying the overall structure of the circularly polarized antenna and making it easier to implement in wearable products. By controlling the electrical signals loaded on the two antennas, the polarization of the positioning antenna can be right-hand circular polarization at the required operating frequency. This allows the positioning antenna to better receive navigation satellite signals, and the generated right-hand circularly polarized radiation can also filter left-hand circularly polarized navigation satellite signals reflected from tall buildings or the ground to reduce multipath interference, thereby effectively improving the positioning accuracy of the positioning antenna in wearable devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect disclosed in this application, a circularly polarized antenna is provided, comprising: a ground plane, the ground plane including a grounding terminal and a feeding terminal;

[0007] The first antenna radiator includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, one end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the ground terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiating arm.

[0008] The second antenna radiator includes a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm. One end of the third radiating arm is electrically connected to the feed terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm.

[0009] The first radiating arm is electromagnetically coupled to the third radiating arm, and the second radiating arm is located on the side of the first radiating arm away from the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm is located on the side of the third radiating arm away from the first radiating arm.

[0010] As an optional implementation, the grounding plate includes a first side, and both the grounding terminal and the power supply terminal are disposed on the first side.

[0011] As an optional implementation, a reserved gap is provided between the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm, and the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are electromagnetically coupled through the reserved gap.

[0012] As an optional implementation, the circularly polarized antenna further includes:

[0013] The fifth radiating arm is disposed in the reserved gap, and its two ends are electrically connected to the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm, respectively.

[0014] As an optional implementation, one end of the fifth radiating arm is connected to the end of the first radiating arm that is away from the ground plane, and the other end is connected to the end of the third radiating arm that is away from the ground plane.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the first and third radiating arms are perpendicular to the ground plane, the second radiating arm is perpendicular to the first radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm is perpendicular to the third radiating arm, and the second and fourth radiating arms are on the same straight line; or,

[0016] The first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm are all arranged in the same plane as the plate of the grounding plate. The first radiating arm and the third radiating arm are perpendicular to the first side, the second radiating arm is perpendicular to the first radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm is perpendicular to the third radiating arm. The second radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are on the same straight line.

[0017] As an optional implementation, the first and third radiating arms are perpendicular to the plate of the grounding plate, the second radiating arm is perpendicular to the first radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm is perpendicular to the third radiating arm, and the fifth radiating arm is parallel to the first side, and the second, fourth, and fifth radiating arms are on the same straight line; or,

[0018] The first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, and the fifth radiating arm are all disposed in the plane of the grounding plate. The first radiating arm and the third radiating arm are perpendicular to the first side, the second radiating arm is perpendicular to the first radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm is perpendicular to the third radiating arm, and the fifth radiating arm is parallel to the first side. The second radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm, and the fifth radiating arm are on the same straight line.

[0019] As an optional implementation, the first antenna radiator further includes a sixth radiating arm, which is electrically connected to the end of the second radiating arm opposite to the first radiating arm, and the sixth radiating arm is perpendicular to the second radiating arm.

[0020] The second antenna radiator further includes a seventh radiating arm, which is electrically connected to the end of the fourth radiating arm that is away from the third radiating arm, and the seventh radiating arm is perpendicular to the fourth radiating arm;

[0021] The sixth radiating arm is parallel to the seventh radiating arm.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the grounding plate further includes a second side and a third side disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first side is located between the second side and the third side;

[0023] The second and fourth radiating arms are parallel to the first side, the sixth radiating arm is parallel to the second side, and the seventh radiating arm is parallel to the third side.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the first radiating arm is the same length as the third radiating arm, the second radiating arm is the same length as the fourth radiating arm, and the sixth radiating arm is the same length as the seventh radiating arm.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the lengths of both the first and second antenna radiators are 1 / 4 times the resonant length at the antenna's operating frequency.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator have a first radiation mode and a second radiation mode, the amplitudes of the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator are equal, and the phase difference between the first radiation mode and the second radiation mode is 90°.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of this application, an electronic product is provided, including the aforementioned circularly polarized antenna.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0029] The circularly polarized antenna provided in this application embodiment can achieve circular polarization radiation characteristics by electromagnetically coupling the first radiating arm of the first antenna radiator with the third radiating arm of the second antenna radiator, and then placing the second radiating arm of the first antenna radiator on the side opposite to the third radiating arm, and placing the fourth radiating arm of the second antenna radiator on the side opposite to the first radiating arm of the third radiating arm. This allows for better reception of right-hand circularly polarized signals emitted by navigation satellites, reduces multipath interference, and improves the positioning effect of electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands. Moreover, the electromagnetic coupling between the first and third radiating arms, and the opposite arrangement of the second and fourth radiating arms, not only provides stronger anti-interference capabilities but also offers a more flexible antenna configuration, allowing adjustment of the distance between the first and second antenna radiators, better integrability, and adaptability to miniaturized electronic devices such as wearable devices. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circularly polarized antenna in which the first and third radiating arms are on the same plane as the ground plane body, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and third radiating arms disclosed in the embodiments of this application, which are perpendicular to the grounding plate body;

[0033] Figure 3 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 Reflection coefficient curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band;

[0034] Figure 4 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2Axial ratio curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz band;

[0035] Figure 5 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 Actual gain curves of right / left circular polarization for a medium circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz;

[0036] Figure 6 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 3D axial ratio radiation pattern of a circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz;

[0037] Figure 7 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 3D right-hand circular polarization actual gain pattern of a medium circularly polarized antenna at frequency (1.575GHz);

[0038] Figure 8 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 1 Even-mode and odd-mode current distribution diagrams of a circularly polarized antenna;

[0039] Figure 9 This application discloses a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna with a fifth radiating arm, wherein the first and third radiating arms are on the same plane as the ground plane body.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circularly polarized antenna with a first radiating arm and a third radiating arm perpendicular to the ground plane body and a fifth radiating arm, as disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 11 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Reflection coefficient curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band;

[0042] Figure 12 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Axial ratio curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz band;

[0043] Figure 13 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Actual gain curves of right / left circular polarization for a medium circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz;

[0044] Figure 14 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 3D axial ratio radiation pattern of a circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz;

[0045] Figure 15 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 103D right-hand circular polarization actual gain pattern of a medium circularly polarized antenna at frequency (1.575GHz);

[0046] Figure 16 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 9 Even-mode and odd-mode current distribution diagrams of a circularly polarized antenna.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 100 - Ground plane; 11 - Grounding terminal; 12 - Feed terminal; 13 - First side; 14 - Second side; 15 - Third side; 200 - First antenna radiator; 21 - First radiating arm; 22 - Second radiating arm; 23 - Sixth radiating arm; 300 - Second antenna radiator; 31 - Third radiating arm; 32 - Fourth radiating arm; 33 - Seventh radiating arm; 400 - Fifth radiating arm; 500 - Reserved gap. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0051] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "set up," "equipped with," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0054] With the development of technology, traditional electronic products such as watches have begun to add mobile functions, gradually evolving into smartwatches. In addition to telling time, smartwatches also have various functions such as reminders, navigation, monitoring, and interaction. Location tracking is one of the important functions of smartwatches, and its antenna technology is constantly developing and improving.

[0055] As users demand higher accuracy and functionality from smartwatches, their needs evolve. In sports, users expect accurate recording of movement trajectories and related data; in daily life, parents and guardians want real-time location tracking for children and the elderly to ensure their safety. Consequently, smartwatch positioning antenna technology is constantly advancing to meet these user demands. Furthermore, in the highly competitive smartwatch market, manufacturers are focusing on enhancing positioning capabilities and performance. High-performance positioning antennas have become a major selling point for smartwatches, improving product competitiveness and user experience.

[0056] In existing technologies, traditional smartwatches or fitness trackers use linearly polarized antennas for positioning. A linearly polarized antenna means that the electric field vector of its radiated electromagnetic waves vibrates in a fixed direction in space, typically horizontal or vertically polarized. However, signals emitted by navigation satellites become right-hand circularly polarized signals after transmission through the ionosphere. A circularly polarized signal means that the electric field vector of the electromagnetic wave rotates in the direction of propagation while its amplitude remains constant; the rotation direction of the electric field vector forms a right-hand or left-hand circular relationship with the propagation direction. Because the linearly polarized antennas of traditional smartwatches or fitness trackers are mismatched with the right-hand circularly polarized signals of navigation satellites, the antenna cannot effectively receive all navigation satellite signals. This polarization mismatch reduces the antenna's efficiency in receiving signals, and some satellite signals cannot be captured and utilized by the antenna. Moreover, during signal propagation, in addition to signals directly reaching the receiving antenna from the satellite, there are also signals that have been reflected or scattered by buildings, mountains, water surfaces, etc., reaching the receiving antenna. The superposition of these signals with the direct signal generates multipath interference. Therefore, traditional positioning antennas cannot receive all signals from navigation satellites, resulting in weak or incomplete signals. The presence of multipath interference further exacerbates signal distortion and instability. This leads to positioning deviations, inaccurate positioning, and instability in smartwatches or fitness trackers, severely impacting overall positioning performance. For example, in complex environments such as urban canyons and mountainous areas, positioning accuracy may drop significantly, or even fail to locate at all. This means that when users utilize positioning functions, such as recording movement trajectories or navigation, the obtained location information may contain large errors, failing to meet users' needs for precise positioning and affecting the user experience. For instance, during exercise, the inability to accurately record movement trajectories and related data affects the evaluation of exercise results; inaccurate positioning may cause users to take the wrong route or get lost when navigation is needed; for monitoring functions for children and the elderly, inaccurate positioning also prevents parents or guardians from knowing their location in a timely and accurate manner, reducing the product's practicality and reliability, and ultimately leading to a decrease in overall user satisfaction with smartwatches or fitness trackers.

[0057] Based on this, this application embodiment also provides a circularly polarized antenna, wherein the first radiating arm of the first antenna radiator is electromagnetically coupled to the third radiating arm of the second antenna radiator, and the second radiating arm of the first antenna radiator is located on the side of the first radiating arm away from the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm of the second antenna radiator is located on the side of the third radiating arm away from the first radiating arm. This can achieve circularly polarized radiation characteristics, better receive right-hand circularly polarized signals emitted by navigation satellites, reduce multipath interference, and improve the positioning effect of electronic devices such as smartwatches or bracelets.

[0058] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circularly polarized antenna in an embodiment of this application, where the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are on the same plane as the ground plane 100 body. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 disclosed in this application, with the ground plane 100 body in a vertical configuration. Embodiment 1 of this application discloses a circularly polarized antenna, including: a ground plane 100, a first antenna radiator 200, and a second antenna radiator 300. The ground plane 100 includes a grounding terminal 11 and a feed terminal 12. The first antenna radiator 200 includes a first radiating arm 21 and a second radiating arm 22. One end of the first radiating arm 21 is electrically connected to the grounding terminal 11, and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiating arm 22. The second antenna radiator 300 includes a third radiating arm 31 and a fourth radiating arm 32. One end of the third radiating arm 31 is electrically connected to the feed terminal 12, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm 32. The first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are electromagnetically coupled, and the second radiating arm 22 is located on the side of the first radiating arm 21 away from the third radiating arm 31, and the fourth radiating arm 32 is located on the side of the third radiating arm 31 away from the first radiating arm 21.

[0060] Specifically, the ground plane 100 can adopt a square structure, which is one of the most common shapes. It has advantages such as simple manufacturing process and easy integration with other components. The ground plane 100 can be made of copper foil, which has good conductivity and flexibility, and is easy to process and shape. Alternatively, aluminum plates, metal alloy plates, etc., can also be used. The first radiating arm 21, the second radiating arm 22, the third radiating arm 31, and the fourth radiating arm 32 can all be rods, made of metal materials such as copper alloys, stainless steel, gold, aluminum alloys, zinc alloys, etc. Copper has good electrical and thermal conductivity, while aluminum has low density, light weight, and good conductivity and corrosion resistance. The feed terminal 12 is a key connection point between the antenna and the RF transmission line, responsible for efficiently converting the electromagnetic wave signal generated by the antenna into an RF signal, and further transmitting it to the RF circuit system for subsequent processing.

[0061] The first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 can be implemented using LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) or frame metal decorative parts. LDS is a technology that uses a computer to control the movement of a laser according to the trajectory of a conductive pattern, projecting the laser onto a molded three-dimensional plastic device, activating a circuit pattern within a few seconds. LDS antennas can not only improve the signal reception capability of mobile phones, but also avoid interference from internal components, while saving design space and making mobile phones thinner. Frame metal decorative parts can be combined with the product's appearance design, serving a decorative purpose, while also having good conductivity and mechanical properties, meeting the performance requirements of the antenna radiator.

[0062] In this embodiment, a circularly polarized antenna is formed by the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300. Compared with the linearly polarized antenna used in traditional smartwatches or wristband positioning antennas, the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this embodiment can better receive the right-hand circularly polarized signal from navigation satellites, reduce signal loss caused by polarization mismatch, thereby improving the reception quality of positioning signals and thus improving positioning accuracy. Furthermore, the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 are coupled to each other and arranged opposite each other. Specifically, they are electromagnetically coupled through the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22, with the second radiating arm 22 positioned on the side of the first radiating arm 21 away from the third radiating arm 31, and the fourth radiating arm 32 positioned on the side of the third radiating arm 31 away from the first radiating arm 21. This enables the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this embodiment to generate a stronger induced electromotive force when receiving satellite signals, thereby improving the strength of the received signal. Moreover, it can be flexibly designed according to actual needs, and the distance between the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 can be adjusted, that is, the distance between the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 can be adjusted. This makes it easier to integrate, adapt to miniaturized electronic products such as wearable devices, and achieve good matching and collaborative work between the antenna and the whole device. It will not have an adverse effect on the overall performance and appearance of the electronic device, and has good integrability and practicality.

[0063] Moreover, multipath interference is one of the important factors affecting positioning accuracy. In the embodiments of this application, the circularly polarized antenna, through the electromagnetic coupling of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300, enables the antenna to better suppress reflected and scattered signals from different directions when receiving satellite signals, thereby improving the purity of the positioning signal and further improving positioning accuracy.

[0064] According to the embodiments of this utility model, the circularly polarized antenna can achieve circular polarization radiation characteristics by electromagnetically coupling the first radiating arm 21 of the first antenna radiator 200 with the third radiating arm 31 of the second antenna radiator 300, and then placing the second radiating arm 22 of the first antenna radiator 200 on the side of the first radiating arm 21 away from the third radiating arm 31, and placing the fourth radiating arm 32 of the second antenna radiator 300 on the side of the third radiating arm 31 away from the first radiating arm 21. This allows for better reception of right-hand circularly polarized signals emitted by navigation satellites, reduces multipath interference, and improves the positioning effect of electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands. Moreover, the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31, and the opposite arrangement of the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32, not only provides stronger anti-interference capabilities but also offers a more flexible antenna configuration. It allows adjustment of the distance between the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300, resulting in better integrability and adaptability to miniaturized electronic devices such as wearable devices.

[0065] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the ground plane 100 includes a first side 13, and both the grounding terminal 11 and the power supply terminal 12 are disposed on the first side 13.

[0066] Specifically, placing both the grounding terminal 11 and the feed terminal 12 on the first side 13 of the ground plane 100 allows for a more compact and rational antenna layout. This layout saves space, facilitating antenna integration into small electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands. It also promotes miniaturization and thinner design, meeting the miniaturization requirements of modern electronic devices. Furthermore, concentrating the grounding terminal 11 and the feed terminal 12 on the same side reduces the length and complexity of the feed line, thereby reducing signal loss and interference during transmission and improving feed efficiency. This helps improve the antenna's receiving performance and positioning accuracy, ensuring stable and efficient reception of navigation satellite signals.

[0067] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, a reserved gap 500 is provided between the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22, and the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22 are electromagnetically coupled through the reserved gap 500.

[0068] Specifically, the electromagnetic coupling achieved through the reserved gap 500 allows for better control of the antenna's radiation characteristics. This design makes signal transmission between the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22 more efficient, reducing signal loss and reflection, thereby improving the antenna's gain and radiation efficiency, further optimizing its performance, and enabling it to receive navigation satellite signals more accurately, thus improving positioning accuracy. Moreover, the reserved gap 500 design provides greater flexibility in antenna structural design. By adjusting the size and position of the reserved gap 500, precise control of antenna performance can be achieved to meet different application scenarios and performance requirements. This allows the antenna design to better adapt to the space constraints and performance requirements of small electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the antenna design. The reserved gap 500 also simplifies the antenna's manufacturing and debugging process. During manufacturing, the reserved gap 500 reduces reliance on high-precision processing equipment, lowering manufacturing difficulty and cost. During debugging, adjusting the parameters of the reserved gap 500 allows for convenient optimization and adjustment of antenna performance, improving debugging efficiency and product quality. Furthermore, the reserved gap 500 design helps to further reduce the antenna's size. While ensuring antenna performance, the space occupied by the antenna can be reduced, making the antenna more compact and better adapting to the miniaturization trend of small electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands, thereby improving the overall performance of the device and the user experience.

[0069] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9 This application discloses a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna with a first radiating arm 21 and a third radiating arm 31 on the same plane as the ground plane 100 body, and a fifth radiating arm 400. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a circularly polarized antenna disclosed in an embodiment of this application, wherein the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the ground plane 100 body and the antenna has a fifth radiating arm 400. In some embodiments, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a fifth radiating arm 400, which is disposed in a reserved gap 500, and both ends of the fifth radiating arm 400 are electrically connected to the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31, respectively.

[0070] Specifically, the fifth radiating arm 400 can be a rod, made of metal materials such as copper alloy, stainless steel, gold, aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, etc. The fifth radiating arm 400 enhances the antenna's radiation intensity and stability. By connecting the fifth radiating arm 400 between the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31, a direct electrical connection can be added to improve the electromagnetic exchange strength between them, provided that electromagnetic coupling already exists between them. Adding the fifth radiating arm 400 makes the antenna design more flexible. When a high distance is required between the first and third radiating arms 21, the direct electrical connection of the fifth radiating arm 400 ensures the electromagnetic exchange effect between them. The fifth radiating arm 400 provides more adjustment methods for antenna debugging and optimization. By adjusting the parameters of the fifth radiating arm 400, antenna performance can be easily optimized and adjusted, improving debugging efficiency and product quality, while reducing production costs and manufacturing difficulty.

[0071] In some embodiments, one end of the fifth radiating arm 400 is connected to one end of the first radiating arm 21 away from the ground plane 100, and the other end is connected to one end of the third radiating arm 31 away from the ground plane 100.

[0072] Specifically, the connection point between the fifth radiating arm 400 and the first radiating arm 21 is set at the end of the first radiating arm 21 away from the ground plane 100, allowing the fifth radiating arm 400 to be directly electrically connected to the first radiating arm 21 and the second radiating arm 22. The connection point between the fifth radiating arm 400 and the third radiating arm 31 is set at the end of the third radiating arm 31 away from the ground plane 100, allowing the fifth radiating arm 400 to be directly electrically connected to the third radiating arm 31 and the fourth radiating arm 32. This maximizes the electrical connection effect of the fifth radiating arm 400, improves the electromagnetic exchange effect between the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300, allows for more flexible adjustment of the reserved gap 500, facilitates the design and adjustment of the spacing between the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300, makes it easier to optimize and adjust the antenna performance, improves debugging efficiency and product quality, and reduces production costs and manufacturing difficulty.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the plate of the grounding plate 100, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31, and the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32 are on the same straight line; or, the first radiating arm 21, the second radiating arm 22, the third radiating arm 31, and the fourth radiating arm 32 are all disposed in the same plane as the plate of the grounding plate 100, the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the first side 13, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31, and the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32 are on the same straight line.

[0074] Specifically, by defining the specific structural shapes of the first radiating arm 21, the second radiating arm 22, the third radiating arm 31, and the fourth radiating arm 32, the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this embodiment can achieve better antenna reception efficiency. Specifically, when the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the ground plane 100, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, and the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31, and the second and fourth radiating arms 22 are collinear, this structure enables the antenna to effectively receive satellite signals in both the horizontal and vertical planes. The vertically positioned first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 can better receive satellite signals from different directions, improving the antenna's reception efficiency and positioning accuracy. Furthermore, this structural form enhances the signal transmission stability between the radiating arms. The vertically positioned radiating arms reduce signal loss and reflection during transmission, ensuring stable signal transmission. Simultaneously, the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32 being collinear can form a stable radiation mode, further improving the antenna's performance and stability. The first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the plate of the ground plane 100, and the first radiating arm 21, the second radiating arm 22, the third radiating arm 31 and the fourth radiating arm 32 are all arranged in the same plane as the plate of the ground plane 100. These two different structural forms can adapt to different scenario requirements, facilitate the integration and assembly of the antenna with other components, improve production efficiency and product quality, and make the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this application embodiment more flexible in its adaptability.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the plate of the grounding plate 100, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31, and the fifth radiating arm 400 is parallel to the first side 13, and the second radiating arm 22, the fourth radiating arm 32 and the fifth radiating arm 400 are on the same straight line; or, the first radiating arm 21, the second radiating arm 22, the third radiating arm 31, the fourth radiating arm 32 and the fifth radiating arm 400 are all disposed in the plane of the grounding plate 100, the first radiating arm 21 is perpendicular to the first side 13, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31, and the fifth radiating arm 400 is parallel to the first side 13, and the second radiating arm 22, the fourth radiating arm 32 and the fifth radiating arm 400 are on the same straight line.

[0076] Specifically, when the fifth radiating arm 400 is provided, it is aligned with the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32, maximizing the electrical connection effect of the fifth radiating arm 400. The first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are perpendicular to the ground plane 100, the second radiating arm 22 is perpendicular to the first radiating arm 21, and the fourth radiating arm 32 is perpendicular to the third radiating arm 31. The fifth radiating arm 400 is parallel to the first side 13. With the second radiating arm 22, the fourth radiating arm 32, and the fifth radiating arm 400 aligned with the first side 13, this structure further enhances the antenna's radiation intensity and stability. The vertically positioned radiating arms can better receive satellite signals from different directions, improving the antenna's reception efficiency and positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, the parallel alignment of the fifth radiating arm 400 with the first side 13 optimizes the antenna's radiation pattern, further improving its performance.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first antenna radiator 200 further includes a sixth radiating arm 23, which is electrically connected to the end of the second radiating arm 22 away from the first radiating arm 21, and the sixth radiating arm 23 is perpendicular to the second radiating arm 22; the second antenna radiator 300 further includes a seventh radiating arm 33, which is electrically connected to the end of the fourth radiating arm 32 away from the third radiating arm 31, and the seventh radiating arm 33 is perpendicular to the fourth radiating arm 32; wherein the sixth radiating arm 23 and the seventh radiating arm 33 are parallel to each other.

[0078] Specifically, both the sixth radiating arm 23 and the seventh radiating arm 33 can be rods, made of metallic materials such as copper alloy, stainless steel, gold, aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, etc. By adding the sixth radiating arm 23 and the seventh radiating arm 33, the total length of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 can be increased, further enhancing antenna performance. Furthermore, the addition of the sixth radiating arm 23 and the seventh radiating arm 33 can further enhance the antenna's radiation intensity and stability. Increasing the number and length of the radiating arms expands the antenna's radiation area, improves its gain and radiation efficiency, thereby better receiving navigation satellite signals and improving positioning accuracy and reliability.

[0079] In some embodiments, the ground plane 100 further includes a second side 14 and a third side 15 disposed opposite to each other, with the first side 13 located between the second side 14 and the third side 15; wherein the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32 are parallel to the first side 13, the sixth radiating arm 23 is parallel to the second side 14, and the seventh radiating arm 33 is parallel to the third side 15.

[0080] Specifically, the ground plane 100 can be rectangular and may include a first side 13, a second side 14, and a third side 15. By having a second radiating arm 22 parallel to the first side 13, a fourth radiating arm 32 parallel to the first side 13, a sixth radiating arm 23 parallel to the second side 14, and a seventh radiating arm 33 parallel to the third side 15, the antenna layout can be more rational, occupying less space. Furthermore, the interaction between the radiating arms and the sides of the ground plane 100 enhances the overall stability of the antenna. In complex electromagnetic environments, this stability reduces the impact of external interference on antenna performance, ensuring stable operation of the antenna in various environments and improving the reliability and accuracy of positioning.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 have the same length, the second radiating arm 22 and the fourth radiating arm 32 have the same length, and the sixth radiating arm 23 and the seventh radiating arm 33 have the same length.

[0082] Specifically, by defining the shape, parallel and perpendicular relationships, and length of each radiating arm as described above, the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 can be arranged symmetrically, allowing them to better cooperate to form a circularly polarized antenna. This enables them to better receive right-hand circularly polarized signals from navigation satellites, reduce multipath interference, and improve the positioning performance of electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands.

[0083] In some embodiments, the lengths of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 are both 1 / 4 times the resonant length at the antenna operating frequency.

[0084] Specifically, setting the lengths of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 to 1 / 4 of the resonant length allows the antenna to resonate at the operating frequency, thereby improving the antenna's receiving efficiency. When the radiator length matches the resonant length, the antenna can more effectively receive and radiate electromagnetic waves, enhancing signal reception capabilities and improving the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0085] Combination Figure 8 and Figure 16 , Figure 8 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 1 Even-mode and odd-mode current distribution diagrams of a circularly polarized antenna. Figure 16 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 9 Even-mode and odd-mode current distribution diagrams of a circularly polarized antenna. In some embodiments, the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 have a first radiation mode and a second radiation mode, the amplitudes of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 are equal, and the phase difference between the first radiation mode and the second radiation mode is 90°.

[0086] Specifically, in the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this application embodiment, the first radiating arm 21 and the third radiating arm 31 are electromagnetically coupled, enabling the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 to be coupled together, and possessing a first radiation mode and a second radiation mode. The amplitudes of the first antenna radiator 200 and the second antenna radiator 300 are equal. The first radiation mode and the second radiation mode can each form a pair of odd and even modes. The odd-mode current flows horizontally and exhibits odd symmetry; the even-mode current flows vertically from both antenna radiators to the ground, exhibiting even symmetry. This pair of modes is spatially orthogonal. When radio frequency excitation is applied, both the odd and even modes resonate, and the amplitudes of the two modes are equal and their phases differ by 90°, satisfying the conditions for achieving circular polarization.

[0087] Combination Figures 3 to 7 ,as well as Figures 11 to 15 , Figure 3 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 Reflection coefficient curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band. Figure 4 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 Axial ratio curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz band. Figure 5 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 Actual gain curves of right-hand / left-hand circular polarization for a medium circularly polarized antenna at frequency (1.575 GHz). Figure 6 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 3D axial ratio radiation pattern of a medium circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz. Figure 7 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 2 The actual 3D right-hand circularly polarized gain pattern of the medium circularly polarized antenna at the frequency (1.575 GHz). Figure 11 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Reflection coefficient curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band. Figure 12 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Axial ratio curve of a circularly polarized antenna in the 1.575 GHz band. Figure 13 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 Actual gain curves of right-hand / left-hand circular polarization for a medium circularly polarized antenna at frequency (1.575 GHz). Figure 14 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 3D axial ratio radiation pattern of a medium circularly polarized antenna at a frequency of 1.575 GHz. Figure 15 The embodiments disclosed in this application Figure 10 The actual 3D right-hand circularly polarized gain pattern of the medium circularly polarized antenna at the frequency (1.575 GHz). It can be seen that the circularly polarized antenna proposed in this application can better receive right-hand circularly polarized signals emitted by navigation satellites, reduce multipath interference, and improve the positioning performance of electronic devices such as smartwatches or wristbands.

[0088] in, Figure 3 The coordinates of “1(1.575, -33.11721)” in the triangle are the coordinates of the “1” selected by the triangle. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the S-parameter (dB). Figure 4 The coordinates of “1(1.575, 0.3204361)” in the triangle are the coordinates of the “1” selected by the triangle. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the axial ratio (dB). Figure 11 The coordinates of “1(1.575, -26.70519)” in the triangle are the coordinates of the selected “1”. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the S-parameter (dB). Figure 12 In the figure, “1(1.575,0.9914467)” represents the coordinates of the “1” selected by the triangle. The horizontal axis is the frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis is the aspect ratio (dB).

[0089] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Embodiment 1 of this application discloses an electronic product, including the aforementioned circularly polarized antenna.

[0090] Specifically, electronic products such as smartwatches or wristbands can utilize circularly polarized antennas to receive satellite signals more accurately, improving positioning precision. This high-precision positioning capability is crucial for applications requiring accurate location information, better meeting users' needs for motion tracking and navigation. Furthermore, in complex environments such as urban canyons and mountainous areas, this enhanced signal reception ensures stable satellite signal reception, improving the reliability and stability of positioning. This ultimately enhances the user experience, allowing users to record motion trajectories more accurately, obtain location information, and enjoy smoother navigation services, thereby increasing satisfaction and loyalty to the electronic products.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that, include: Grounding plate (100), the grounding plate (100) includes a grounding terminal (11) and a power supply terminal (12); The first antenna radiator (200) includes a first radiating arm (21) and a second radiating arm (22). One end of the first radiating arm (21) is electrically connected to the grounding terminal (11), and the other end is electrically connected to the second radiating arm (22). The second antenna radiator (300) includes a third radiating arm (31) and a fourth radiating arm (32). One end of the third radiating arm (31) is electrically connected to the feed terminal (12), and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth radiating arm (32). The first radiating arm (21) is electromagnetically coupled to the third radiating arm (31), and the second radiating arm (22) is located on the side of the first radiating arm (21) away from the third radiating arm (31), and the fourth radiating arm (32) is located on the side of the third radiating arm (31) away from the first radiating arm (21).

2. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding plate (100) includes a first side (13), and the grounding terminal (11) and the power supply terminal (12) are both disposed on the first side (13).

3. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, There is a reserved gap (500) between the first radiating arm (21) and the second radiating arm (22), and the first radiating arm (21) and the second radiating arm (22) are electromagnetically coupled through the reserved gap (500).

4. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circularly polarized antenna also includes: The fifth radiation arm (400) is disposed in the reserved gap (500), and the two ends of the fifth radiation arm (400) are electrically connected to the first radiation arm (21) and the third radiation arm (31) respectively.

5. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the fifth radiating arm (400) is connected to the end of the first radiating arm (21) away from the ground plane (100), and the other end is connected to the end of the third radiating arm (31) away from the ground plane (100).

6. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiating arm (21) and the third radiating arm (31) are perpendicular to the plate of the grounding plate (100), the second radiating arm (22) is perpendicular to the first radiating arm (21), and the fourth radiating arm (32) is perpendicular to the third radiating arm (31), and the second radiating arm (22) and the fourth radiating arm (32) are on the same straight line; or, The first radiating arm (21), the second radiating arm (22), the third radiating arm (31), and the fourth radiating arm (32) are all arranged in the same plane as the plate of the grounding plate (100). The first radiating arm (21) and the third radiating arm (31) are perpendicular to the first side (13), the second radiating arm (22) is perpendicular to the first radiating arm (21), and the fourth radiating arm (32) is perpendicular to the third radiating arm (31). The second radiating arm (22) and the fourth radiating arm (32) are on the same straight line.

7. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first radiating arm (21) and the third radiating arm (31) are perpendicular to the plate of the grounding plate (100), the second radiating arm (22) is perpendicular to the first radiating arm (21), the fourth radiating arm (32) is perpendicular to the third radiating arm (31), and the fifth radiating arm (400) is parallel to the first side (13), and the second radiating arm (22), the fourth radiating arm (32), and the fifth radiating arm (400) are on the same straight line; or, The first radiating arm (21), the second radiating arm (22), the third radiating arm (31), the fourth radiating arm (32), and the fifth radiating arm (400) are all disposed in the plane of the grounding plate (100). The first radiating arm (21) and the third radiating arm (31) are perpendicular to the first side (13), the second radiating arm (22) is perpendicular to the first radiating arm (21), the fourth radiating arm (32) is perpendicular to the third radiating arm (31), and the fifth radiating arm (400) is parallel to the first side (13). The second radiating arm (22), the fourth radiating arm (32), and the fifth radiating arm (400) are on the same straight line.

8. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The first antenna radiator (200) further includes a sixth radiating arm (23), which is electrically connected to the end of the second radiating arm (22) away from the first radiating arm (21), and the sixth radiating arm (23) is perpendicular to the second radiating arm (22); The second antenna radiator (300) further includes a seventh radiating arm (33), which is electrically connected to the end of the fourth radiating arm (32) away from the third radiating arm (31), and the seventh radiating arm (33) is perpendicular to the fourth radiating arm (32); The sixth radiating arm (23) is parallel to the seventh radiating arm (33).

9. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grounding plate (100) also includes a second side (14) and a third side (15) disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first side (13) is located between the second side (14) and the third side (15); The second radiating arm (22) and the fourth radiating arm (32) are parallel to the first side (13), the sixth radiating arm (23) is parallel to the second side (14), and the seventh radiating arm (33) is parallel to the third side (15).

10. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first radiating arm (21) has the same length as the third radiating arm (31), the second radiating arm (22) has the same length as the fourth radiating arm (32), and the sixth radiating arm (23) has the same length as the seventh radiating arm (33).

11. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The lengths of both the first antenna radiator (200) and the second antenna radiator (300) are 1 / 4 times the resonant length at the antenna's operating frequency.

12. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The first antenna radiator (200) and the second antenna radiator (300) have a first radiation mode and a second radiation mode, the amplitudes of the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator are equal, and the phase difference between the first radiation mode and the second radiation mode is 90°.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The circularly polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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