Advanced geological forecast radar antenna system adaptive to tunnel section

Abstract

The utility model provides an advanced geological forecast radar antenna system self-adaptive to a tunnel section, which relates to the technical field of radar antennas and comprises a chassis support connected with a U-shaped seat; the lower ends of the two telescopic insulating supports on the lower side are rotationally connected with the U-shaped base respectively, the upper ends of the two telescopic insulating supports on the lower side and the two ends of the two telescopic insulating supports on the upper side are connected with main shafts respectively, the two ends of each main shaft are connected with gears respectively, and the adjacent gears are meshed with each other; each telescopic insulation support is connected with a hook. Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the advanced geological forecast radar antenna system self-adaptive to the tunnel section is developed, the shape and the size of the telescopic insulation support can be adjusted according to the section size of a tunnel face, the size of the telescopic insulation support is fit with the size of the tunnel face, and the antenna can stably move to different positions at a constant speed. And unmanned detection on the tunnel face is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of radar antenna technology, and in particular to an adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tunnel construction faces significant risks of water and mud inrushes, collapses, and roof falls, and hazards ahead of the excavation face are difficult to detect. Current hazard detection and assessment primarily rely on face-penetrating radar for advanced geological prediction. However, current advanced geological prediction methods have the following problems:

[0003] 1. There is a high risk to personnel safety. Since the surrounding rock is not yet stable after the excavation of the working face and the support is not yet closed, the working face is prone to collapse and rockfall accidents, which endanger the lives of the personnel.

[0004] 2. Low forecasting efficiency. Since radar antennas mainly rely on forecasters to manually drag them to complete the detection, it often takes two or more people to work together to complete the advanced geological forecasting at the working face. Moreover, the working face environment is harsh and the light is dim, making the manual dragging of antennas extremely inefficient.

[0005] 3. The external environment is highly interfering. The movement speed of the workers being dragged by the radar antenna, the standardization of operation, the height at which the radar antenna is raised, and the electromagnetic interference from metal equipment such as trolleys are all limited by the harsh environment at the working face, resulting in low data accuracy.

[0006] 4. Difficulty in obtaining multi-angle survey lines and hindering joint interpretation. Due to the limited height that manually towed antennas can reach, current advanced geological forecasting mostly adopts the forecasting method of two horizontal survey lines running back and forth in the middle or bottom of the tunnel face. This makes it impossible to achieve joint detection of multi-angle survey lines. In particular, it is even more difficult to complete antenna scanning in vulnerable and easily collapsed areas at high altitudes such as the arch. As a result, significant safety hazards remain after tunnel forecasting.

[0007] Therefore, to address the above problems, an adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by developing an adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system. This invention allows for the adjustment of the shape and size of the retractable insulating support structure according to the dimensions of the tunnel face cross-section, ensuring a close fit to the tunnel face dimensions. The antenna can move smoothly and uniformly to different positions, enabling unmanned detection at the tunnel face.

[0009] The technical solution to the technical problem solved by this utility model is as follows: This utility model provides an adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system, including: a chassis support connected to a U-shaped base; four retractable insulating supports forming a region with variable shape and size to adapt to different tunnel faces; the lower ends of the two lower retractable insulating supports are rotatably connected to the U-shaped base, the upper ends of the two lower retractable insulating supports and the two ends of the two upper retractable insulating supports are connected to a main shaft, and the two ends of each main shaft are connected to gears, with adjacent gears meshing with each other. By using gear meshing, the included angle of the two retractable insulating supports can be changed; each retractable insulating support is connected to a hook for easy cable connection; three protective shells, each main shaft is connected to a corresponding protective shell; an antenna connected to an antenna mount, the antenna mount being connected to the hooks via a cable assembly.

[0010] As an optimization, the cable assembly consists of four cables, with one end of each cable connected to one of the four corners of the antenna mount, and the other end of each cable connected to a corresponding hook. By using cables, the antenna position can be adjusted when the retractable insulating bracket extends or retracts, facilitating subsequent detection operations.

[0011] As an optimization, the cable assembly consists of four cables and four motorized winders. The four corners of the antenna mount are connected to the corresponding motorized winders. The winding shaft of each motorized winder is connected to one end of a corresponding cable. Each cable is wound around the winding shaft of its corresponding motorized winder, and the other end of each cable is connected to a corresponding hook. By using motorized winders, the cables can be extended and retracted, thereby enabling the antenna to move smoothly and uniformly to different positions.

[0012] As an optimization, each of the protective shells is connected to a mounting shaft, each mounting shaft is rotatably connected to two U-plates, and each U-plate is fixedly connected to a set of friction-type fixed supports. The friction-type fixed supports contact the tunnel to prevent the protective shells from shifting due to vibrations, impacts, or other factors within the tunnel, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the radar antenna system and improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0013] As an optimization, the chassis support is connected to symmetrical guide rods and symmetrical hydraulic rods. The symmetrical guide rods pass through symmetrical I-beams, and the piston rods of the symmetrical hydraulic rods are connected to the corresponding I-beams. The symmetrical I-beams are rotatably connected to U-shaped rods, and the symmetrical U-shaped rods are rotatably connected to the corresponding retractable insulating supports. By using the hydraulic rods to drive and rotating the connection, the angle of the lower retractable insulating support can be adjusted. Using gear meshing, the angle of the upper retractable insulating support can be adjusted, thus allowing for the adjustment of the shape of the four retractable insulating supports.

[0014] As an optimization, the chassis support is connected to the chassis, and the four corners of the chassis are respectively connected to mounting seats for the electric wheels. This facilitates system movement. It enables more efficient multi-point detection tasks within tunnels, reduces equipment handling and installation time, and improves detection efficiency.

[0015] As an optimization, a camera is installed on the front side of the chassis support. The camera can capture real-time images of the environment inside the tunnel, allowing operators to understand the actual situation at the detection site and promptly identify potential hazards or problems.

[0016] The effects provided in the utility model description are merely those of the embodiments, and not all the effects of the utility model. The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) By using an electric winding device and a hydraulic rod, this utility model reduces the complexity of manual operation, realizes antenna position adjustment through electric control, improves the level of automation of detection, and reduces labor intensity.

[0018] (2) Through the combination of components such as a retractable insulating bracket, main shaft, gear, and electric winding device, the system can flexibly adjust the height, angle and position of the radar antenna according to the shape and size of the tunnel cross section, so as to ensure that the antenna can cover all key areas in the tunnel, including weak parts such as the arch and sidewalls.

[0019] (3) This utility model provides stable support for the antenna through components such as protective shell and friction type fixed support, preventing the detection data from being distorted due to factors such as vibration and impact in the tunnel, and ensuring the safety and reliability of the detection process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the working face according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This invention provides the principle for advanced geological prediction of curve surveying lines with arbitrary trajectories.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Telescopic insulated bracket, 2. Cable, 3. Antenna mount, 4. Electric winder, 5. Protective shell, 6. Mounting shaft, 7. Chassis, 8. Antenna, 9. Electric wheel, 10. U-shaped rod, 11. Hydraulic rod, 12. Guide rod, 13. U-shaped seat, 14. Chassis support, 15. I-beam, 16. Gear, 17. Main shaft, 18. Hook, 19. Friction type fixed support, 20. U-plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention. The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in Embodiment 1: An adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system includes: a chassis support 14, which is connected to a U-shaped base 13; four retractable insulating supports 1, which form a region with variable shape and size to adapt to different tunnel faces; the lower ends of the two lower retractable insulating supports 1 are rotatably connected to the U-shaped base 13, and the upper ends of the two lower retractable insulating supports 1 and the two ends of the two upper retractable insulating supports 1 are connected to a main shaft 17, and the two ends of each main shaft 17 are connected to a gear 16, with adjacent gears 16 meshing with each other. By using gear meshing, the included angle of the two retractable insulating supports 1 can be changed; each retractable insulating support 1 is connected to a hook 18 for easy connection of cables 2; three protective shells 5, with each main shaft 17 connected to a corresponding protective shell 5; and an antenna 8 connected to an antenna base 3, which is connected to the hook 18 via a cable assembly.

[0031] Each of the protective shells 5 is connected to a mounting shaft 6, and each mounting shaft 6 is rotatably connected to two U-plates 20. Each U-plate 20 is fixedly connected to a set of friction-type fixed supports 19. The friction-type fixed supports 19 contact the tunnel to prevent the protective shells 5 from shifting due to vibrations, impacts, or other factors within the tunnel, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the radar antenna system and improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0032] The chassis support 14 is connected to symmetrical guide rods 12 and symmetrical hydraulic rods 11. The symmetrical guide rods 12 pass through symmetrical I-beams 15, and the piston rods of the symmetrical hydraulic rods 11 are connected to the corresponding I-beams 15. The symmetrical I-beams 15 are rotatably connected to U-shaped rods 10, and the symmetrical U-shaped rods 10 are rotatably connected to the corresponding retractable insulating brackets 1. By using the hydraulic rods 11 to drive the rotational connection, the angle of the lower retractable insulating bracket 1 can be adjusted. By using gear meshing, the angle of the upper retractable insulating bracket 1 can be adjusted, thus achieving the adjustment of the shape of the four retractable insulating brackets 1.

[0033] A camera is installed on the front side of the chassis support 14. The camera can capture real-time images of the environment inside the tunnel, allowing operators to understand the actual situation at the detection site and promptly identify potential dangers or problems.

[0034] Example 1: The cable assembly consists of four cables 2. One end of each cable 2 is connected to one of the four corners of the antenna mount 3, and the other end of each cable 2 is connected to a corresponding hook 18. By using cables 2, the position of the antenna 8 can be adjusted when the retractable insulating bracket 1 is extended or retracted, facilitating subsequent detection operations.

[0035] Each of the main shafts 17 is connected to the corresponding protective shell 5. The main shaft 17 of the corresponding lower retractable insulating bracket 1 can be fixedly connected to the corresponding protective shell 5, and one of the two upper main shafts 17 can be fixedly connected to the upper protective shell 5. The remaining main shafts 17 are rotatably connected to the corresponding protective shells 5.

[0036] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:

[0037] Based on the shape of the tunnel face, the hydraulic rod 11 is extended and retracted. The hydraulic rod 11 drives the I-beam 15 to move along the guide rod 12. The I-beam 15 drives the U-shaped rod 10 to swing. The U-shaped rod 10 drives the lower retractable insulating bracket 1, two main shafts 17, four gears 16, and two protective shells 5 to swing. The four gears 16 drive the remaining four gears 16 and the remaining two main shafts 17 to rotate. The remaining two main shafts 17 drive the upper retractable insulating bracket 1 to swing. The upper retractable insulating bracket 1 drives the upper main shaft 17, upper gear 16, and upper protective shell 5 to swing. The protective shell 5 drives the mounting shaft 6, U-plate 20, and friction-type fixed support 19 to swing, so that the area of ​​the retractable insulating bracket 1 matches the shape of the tunnel face. The retractable insulating bracket 1 is extended, so that the friction-type fixed support 19 contacts the tunnel near the end of the protective shell 5. Under the obstruction of the tunnel, the friction-type fixed support 19 drives the U-plate 20 to swing, so that the friction-type fixed support 19 contacts the tunnel. The retractable insulating bracket 1 drives the hook 18 to swing, and the hook 18 drives the cable 2 to move, which lifts the antenna base 3 and the antenna 8, causing the antenna 8 to rise.

[0038] Example 2: The cable assembly consists of four cables 2 and four motorized winding devices 4. The four corners of the antenna mount 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding motorized winding devices 4. The winding shaft of each motorized winding device 4 is connected to one end of the corresponding cable 2. Each cable 2 is wound around the winding shaft of the corresponding motorized winding device 4. The other end of each cable 2 is connected to the corresponding hook 18. By using the motorized winding devices 4, the cables 2 can be extended and retracted, thereby enabling the antenna 8 to move smoothly and uniformly to different positions.

[0039] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows:

[0040] The electric winder 4 includes a clutch, which enables automatic winding and unwinding, cable holding, and automatic cable release.

[0041] When adjusting the position of antenna 8, turn off three electric winding devices 4 to loosen the corresponding cable 2, control the fourth electric winding device 4 to retract and extend the corresponding cable 2, and adjust the position of antenna 8. Then, adjust the remaining three electric winding devices 4 in sequence to retract the cable 2 and lock the position of antenna 8.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, for ease of calculation, antenna 8 and antenna mount 3 are of the same size, and the size of hook 18 is ignored for approximate calculation.

[0043] Trajectory parametric equations:

[0044] When the lengths and angles of the four cables 2 change, the planar motion trajectory of the center of the radar antenna 8 can be decomposed into parametric equations in the x and y directions:

[0045] x = (L1·cosA1 + L2·sinA2 + L3·sinA3 + L4·cosA4 + 2L + l) / 4

[0046] y = (L1·sinA1 + L2·cosA2 + L3·cosA3 + L4·sinA4 + 2L - 2w) / 4

[0047] The specific position equations of Radar Sky:8 under different rope parameters fully consider the dimensions of the large rectangular frame (L, W), the dimensions of the small rectangle (l, w), and the geometric constraints of the rope, and can accurately describe the planar motion trajectory of the radar.

[0048] Parameterized trajectory:

[0049] Represent the trajectory as a function of time:

[0050] x(t)=(L1(t)·cosA1(t)+L2(t)·sinA2(t)+L3(t)·sinA3(t)+L4(t)·cosA4(t)+2L+l) / 4

[0051] y(t)=(L1(t)·sinA1(t)+L2(t)·cosA2(t)+L3(t)·cosA3(t)+L4(t)·sinA4(t)

[0052] +2L-2w)) / 4

[0053] These formulas and methods can accurately describe the planar motion trajectory of a radar under the control of four cables, and are applicable to application scenarios such as trajectory planning and control algorithm design.

[0054] Example 3: This example further elaborates on Example 1 or 2. The chassis support 14 is connected to the chassis 7, and the four corners of the chassis 7 are respectively connected to the mounting seats of the electric wheels 9. This facilitates system movement. It enables more efficient completion of multi-point detection tasks in tunnels, reduces equipment handling and installation time, and improves detection efficiency.

[0055] Example 4: This example is a further elaboration based on Example 1, 2, or 3. Example 2: This example is a further elaboration based on Example 1.

[0056] Although the specific embodiments of the utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Based on the technical solution of the utility model, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system, characterized in that, include: Chassis support (14), the chassis support (14) is connected to U-shaped seat (13); Four retractable insulating brackets (1), the lower ends of the two lower retractable insulating brackets (1) are rotatably connected to the U-shaped seat (13), the upper ends of the two lower retractable insulating brackets (1) and the two ends of the two upper retractable insulating brackets (1) are respectively connected to the main shaft (17), the two ends of each main shaft (17) are respectively connected to the gear (16), the adjacent gears (16) mesh with each other, and each retractable insulating bracket (1) is respectively connected to the hook (18). Three protective shells (5), each of the main shafts (17) is connected to the corresponding protective shell (5); Antenna (8) is connected to antenna mount (3), which is connected to hook (18) via cable assembly.

2. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable assembly consists of four cables (2), with one end of each cable (2) connected to one of the four corners of the antenna mount (3), and the other end of each cable (2) connected to the corresponding hook (18).

3. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable assembly consists of four cables (2) and four electric winders (4). The four corners of the antenna mount (3) are respectively connected to the corresponding electric winders (4). The winding shaft of each electric winder (4) is respectively connected to one end of the corresponding cable (2). Each cable (2) is wound around the winding shaft of the corresponding electric winder (4). The other end of each cable (2) is respectively connected to the corresponding hook (18).

4. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the protective shells (5) is connected to a mounting shaft (6), each of the mounting shafts (6) is rotatably connected to two U-plates (20), and each of the U-plates (20) is fixedly connected to a set of friction-type fixed supports (19).

5. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis support (14) is connected to symmetrical guide rods (12) and symmetrical hydraulic rods (11). The symmetrical guide rods (12) pass through symmetrical I-beams (15). The piston rods of the symmetrical hydraulic rods (11) are connected to the corresponding I-beams (15). The symmetrical I-beams (15) are rotatably connected to U-shaped rods (10). The symmetrical U-shaped rods (10) are rotatably connected to the corresponding retractable insulating brackets (1).

6. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis support (14) is connected to the chassis (7), and the four corners of the chassis (7) are respectively connected to the mounting seats of the electric wheels (9).

7. The adaptive tunnel cross-section advanced geological prediction radar antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A camera is installed on the front side of the chassis support (14).

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