A medium-sized incinerator

Abstract

A small to medium-sized incinerator includes an incinerator body, a feeding port, and a secondary combustion chamber. The lower end of the incinerator body is fixedly connected to a balance frame, and a blower is fixedly connected to the lower part of the incinerator body. The blower's air supply pipe is fixedly connected to a gas distribution pipe. In operation, waste is first fed into the feeding port and then slides down the inclined surface of the fixed grate. It sequentially passes through a dehydration and drying zone, a dry distillation zone, and a combustion zone within the primary combustion chamber. The final incinerated filter residue is transported outside the furnace body via a slag discharge system, which can be achieved using an electric conveyor belt. The flue gas inside the primary combustion chamber enters the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas outlet for secondary combustion. Utilizing a fixed-bed incinerator structure, during normal operation, apart from necessary air input, there is no additional agitation of the waste, thus reducing fly ash generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of incinerator technology, and in particular to a small and medium-sized incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] Taking waste incineration as an example, fluidized bed incinerators were introduced in the early stages of waste-to-energy plant development. However, due to the large amount of fly ash produced (10-20 tons of fly ash per 100 tons of waste incinerated), environmental management was difficult, and most have been shut down. Some have been converted to grate furnaces. Currently, the mainstream incineration equipment in domestic waste-to-energy plants (with a daily waste incineration capacity of 300 tons or more) is the grate furnace. Grate furnace technology is mature, producing 3-5 tons of fly ash per 100 tons of waste. However, the equipment is difficult to miniaturize and cannot meet the needs of small-scale waste incineration in rural areas.

[0003] For example, the authorization announcement number "CN105588130B" describes a small to medium-sized waste incinerator that heats and burns the waste inside the furnace by escaping from below, resulting in rapid and continuous combustion, thorough incineration, and good incineration effect.

[0004] However, the aforementioned small and medium-sized waste incinerators also have other problems in use. For example, the current treatment of fly ash from small and medium-sized waste incinerators involves water washing, salt extraction, and co-processing of residual ash in cement kilns or as building materials. This requires huge investment and has high operating costs, making it difficult for investors to obtain a reasonable return on investment. However, due to the large amount of turning over of waste during the operation of fluidized bed incinerators and grate furnaces, a large amount of fly ash is emitted, which needs to be collected and disposed of.

[0005] Meanwhile, existing small and medium-sized waste incinerators are equipped with secondary combustion chambers to enhance the treatment effect of flue gas through secondary combustion. The flue gas inside the secondary combustion chamber needs to be in full contact with oxygen to achieve a better combustion effect. If the flue gas is not properly treated in a short time, it will escape from the exhaust port at the other end, affecting the flue gas combustion treatment effect of small and medium-sized waste incinerators. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This utility model aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art by providing a small and medium-sized incinerator that utilizes a fixed-bed incinerator structure. During normal operation, apart from the necessary air input, there is no additional agitation of the waste. This reduces the amount of fly ash generated. At the same time, if the flue gas does not reach the required treatment in a short period of time, it will escape from the exhaust port at the other end, thereby improving the flue gas incineration treatment effect of the small and medium-sized waste incinerator.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows:

[0008] Design a small to medium-sized incinerator, including an incinerator body, a feeding port and a secondary combustion chamber. The feeding port is fixedly opened on one side of the top of the incinerator body. The secondary combustion chamber is fixedly installed inside the top of the incinerator body. The lower end of the incinerator body is fixedly connected to a balance frame. A blower is fixedly connected to the lower part of the incinerator body. The gas supply pipe of the blower is fixedly connected to a gas distribution pipe.

[0009] The main body of the incinerator is made of high-refractory metal steel. When the incinerator is in use, the garbage is first put into the feeding port, and then slides down the fixed grate at an angle. It passes through the dehydration and drying zone, the dry distillation zone and the incineration zone in sequence in the combustion chamber. The combustion air is transported by the fan at the rear and is distributed evenly and efficiently through the gas distribution pipe.

[0010] The incinerator body is further improved by having a fixed grate installed inside, a combustion chamber fixedly opened inside the incinerator body, the fixed grate being obliquely arranged inside the combustion chamber, and the gas distribution pipe being fixedly arranged below the fixed grate.

[0011] When this setup is used in an incinerator, the waste is first fed into the inlet and then slides down the inclined surface of the fixed grate. It sequentially passes through the dehydration and drying zone, the carbonization zone, and the incineration zone within the combustion chamber. Finally, the incinerated filter residue is transported out of the furnace body through the ash discharge system. Utilizing the fixed-bed incinerator structure, during normal operation, apart from necessary air input, there is no additional agitation of the waste, thus reducing fly ash generation.

[0012] To further improve the design, a flue gas outlet is fixedly opened on one side of the secondary combustion chamber, and the lower part of the flue gas outlet is connected to the interior of the primary combustion chamber.

[0013] The internal structure of the secondary combustion chamber is further improved to include a flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure. The flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure includes fixed side plates and guide plates. Multiple fixed side plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber. Interlaced plates are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the multiple fixed side plates. A backflow cavity is fixedly opened inside the multiple interlaced plates. The guide plates are fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber.

[0014] In this configuration, the interior of the secondary combustion chamber is divided into two spaces by a vertical metal wall. Multiple fixed side plates are installed horizontally on the inner walls of the two spaces via bolts. On one side of each fixed side plate, multiple horizontally staggered plates are welded. Each staggered plate is stacked with an interleaved arrangement, leaving a reflux chamber in the middle to facilitate the flow of flue gas. The reflux chamber greatly extends the flow time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber, allowing the flue gas to fully contact oxygen for combustion. A guide plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber. The guide plate has a vertical slope to guide the flue gas vertically into the secondary combustion chamber.

[0015] The top of the secondary combustion chamber is further improved by providing a flue gas temperature measurement and sampling structure. The flue gas temperature measurement and sampling structure includes a fire-resistant sleeve and a vertical pipe. The vertical pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber. A sampling valve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vertical pipe. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical pipe. A sampling port is fixedly connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe. Two fire-resistant sleeves are fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber. Temperature detectors are fixedly installed inside the two fire-resistant sleeves.

[0016] The vertical pipe in this setup is made of stainless steel and its lower end is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber. When the staff brings the sampling equipment close to the outside of the sampling port, they unscrew the sampling valve, which opens the connection between the vertical pipe and the exhaust pipe, allowing some flue gas to be discharged upwards for easy collection and sampling. The refractory sleeve and temperature detector work together. The refractory sleeve is made of refractory materials such as refractory metal, and the temperature detector can be a built-in thermocouple to monitor the center temperature of the flue gas in the furnace.

[0017] The side wall of the secondary combustion chamber is further improved by having an external exhaust hole, the interior of which is connected to the flue gas outlet.

[0018] The incinerator body is further improved by having a slag discharge system fixedly installed at the lower internal end, with the top of the slag discharge system connected to the lower end of the fixed grate.

[0019] After incineration, the filter residue is transported outside the furnace via a slag discharge system, which can be achieved using an electric conveyor belt.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When using this utility model in an incinerator, the waste is first put into the feeding port, and then slides down the fixed grate at an inclined angle. It passes through the dehydration and drying zone, the dry distillation zone, and the incineration zone in sequence in the first combustion chamber. Finally, the filter residue after incineration is transported to the outside of the furnace body through the slag discharge system, which can be achieved by an electric conveyor belt. The flue gas inside the first combustion chamber enters the second combustion chamber through the flue gas outlet for secondary incineration, which meets the requirements for dioxin decomposition. The combustion air is transported by the rear fan and is evenly and efficiently distributed through the gas distribution pipe. With the fixed bed incinerator structure, there is no additional agitation of the waste except for the necessary air input during normal operation, which can reduce the amount of fly ash generated.

[0021] The secondary combustion chamber is divided into two spaces by a vertical metal wall. Multiple fixed side plates are bolted horizontally to the inner walls of the two spaces. On one side of each fixed side plate, multiple horizontally staggered plates are welded. Each staggered plate is stacked with an interlocking arrangement, leaving a reflux chamber in the middle to facilitate the flow of flue gas. The reflux chamber greatly extends the flow time of flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber, allowing the flue gas to fully contact oxygen for combustion. A guide plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber. The guide plate has a vertical slope, which guides the flue gas vertically into the secondary combustion chamber. By extending the flue gas oxygen contact time, the combustion effect is enhanced. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A frontal sectional view;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right-side side view;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part C in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main body of the incinerator; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Primary combustion chamber; 4. Flue gas outlet; 5. Secondary combustion chamber; 6. External exhaust port; 7. Fan; 8. Gas distribution pipe; 9. Ash removal system; 10. Fixed grate; 11. Balance frame; 12. Flue gas temperature measurement and sampling structure; 121. Refractory sleeve; 122. Temperature detector; 123. Vertical pipe; 124. Sampling valve; 125. Gas outlet pipe; 126. Sampling port; 13. Flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure; 131. Fixed side plate; 132. Backflow chamber; 133. Staggered plate; 134. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example:

[0030] See attached document Figure 1-6In this embodiment, a small-to-medium-sized incinerator includes an incinerator body 1, a feeding port 2, and a secondary combustion chamber 5. The feeding port 2 is fixedly opened on one side of the top of the incinerator body 1. The secondary combustion chamber 5 is fixedly installed inside the top of the incinerator body 1. The lower end of the incinerator body 1 is fixedly connected to a balance frame 11. A blower 7 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the incinerator body 1. The gas supply pipe of the blower 7 is fixedly connected to a gas distribution pipe 8. A fixed grate 10 is fixedly installed inside the incinerator body 1. A primary combustion chamber 3 is fixedly opened on the inner side of the incinerator body 1. The fixed grate 10 is obliquely arranged inside the primary combustion chamber 3. The gas distribution pipe 8 is fixedly arranged below the fixed grate 10. A flue gas outlet 4 is fixedly opened on one side of the secondary combustion chamber 5. The lower part of the flue gas outlet 4 is connected to the interior of the primary combustion chamber 3.

[0031] The main body of the incinerator 1 is welded from high-refractory metal steel. When the incinerator is in use, the waste is first put into the feeding port 2, and then slides down the fixed grate 10 at an inclination angle. In the primary combustion chamber 3, it passes through the dehydration and drying zone, the dry distillation zone, and the incineration zone in sequence. Finally, the filter residue after incineration is transported to the outside of the furnace body through the ash discharge system 9, which is an electric conveyor belt. The flue gas inside the primary combustion chamber 3 enters the secondary combustion chamber 5 through the flue gas outlet 4 for secondary incineration. During the incineration process, the flue gas temperature is controlled at 900℃-1050℃ and the residence time is greater than 3 seconds, which meets the requirements for dioxin decomposition. The combustion air is transported by the rear fan 7 and distributed evenly and efficiently through the gas distribution pipe 8. With the fixed bed incinerator structure, there is no additional agitation of the waste except for the necessary air input during normal operation, which can reduce the amount of fly ash generated.

[0032] The secondary combustion chamber 5 is equipped with a flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure 13. The flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure 13 includes fixed side plates 131 and guide plates 134. The interior of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is divided into two spaces by a vertical metal wall. Multiple fixed side plates 131 are installed horizontally on the inner walls of the two spaces by bolts. Multiple horizontally staggered plates 133 are welded to one side of the fixed side plates 131. Each staggered plate 133 is stacked with each other in an alternating manner, leaving a reflux cavity 132 in the middle to facilitate the flow of flue gas. 132 greatly extends the flow time of flue gas inside the secondary combustion chamber 5, allowing the flue gas to fully contact oxygen for combustion. Multiple fixed side plates 131 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 5. Interlaced plates 133 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the multiple fixed side plates 131. A backflow cavity 132 is fixedly opened inside the multiple interlaced plates 133. A guide plate 134 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 5. The guide plate 134 has a vertically inclined slope, which can guide the flue gas vertically into the interior of the secondary combustion chamber 5.

[0033] A flue gas temperature sampling structure 12 is installed at the top of the secondary combustion chamber 5. The flue gas temperature sampling structure 12 includes a refractory sleeve 121 and a vertical pipe 123. The vertical pipe 123 is fixedly connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber 5. A sampling valve 124 is fixedly installed on the outside of the vertical pipe 123. The vertical pipe 123 is made of stainless steel, and its lower end is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber 5. When the operator brings the sampling device close to the outside of the sampling port 126, the sampling valve 124 is opened, which opens the connection between the vertical pipe 123 and the outlet pipe 125, allowing the flue gas temperature sampling structure to be used. The flue gas is discharged upwards for easy collection and sampling. The top of the vertical pipe 123 is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe 125, and the side wall of the outlet pipe 125 is fixedly connected to the sampling port 126. Two refractory sleeves 121 are fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 5. Temperature detectors 122 are fixedly installed inside the two refractory sleeves 121. The refractory sleeves 121 and the temperature detectors 122 work together. The refractory sleeves 121 are made of refractory materials such as refractory metal, and the temperature detectors 122 can be built-in thermocouples to monitor the center temperature of the flue gas in the furnace.

[0034] The side wall of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is fixedly provided with an external discharge hole 6, which can discharge the flue gas after secondary combustion to the outside. The interior of the external discharge hole 6 is connected to the flue gas outlet 4. The lower end of the interior of the incinerator body 1 is fixedly installed with a slag discharge system 9, and the top of the slag discharge system 9 is connected to the lower end of the fixed grate 10.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] Small and medium-sized incinerators can incinerate the waste collected and transported by waste-to-energy plants, producing flue gas and ash. The flue gas undergoes secondary incineration treatment, while the ash is discharged and collected for easy landfill or purification.

[0037] The main body of the incinerator 1 is welded from high-refractory metal steel. When the incinerator is in use, the garbage is first put into the feeding port 2, and then slides down the fixed grate 10 at an inclination angle. In the primary combustion chamber 3, it passes through the dehydration and drying zone, the dry distillation zone, and the incineration zone in sequence. Finally, the filter residue after incineration is transported to the outside of the furnace body through the slag discharge system 9, which is an electric conveyor belt. The flue gas inside the primary combustion chamber 3 enters the secondary combustion chamber 5 through the flue gas outlet 4 for secondary incineration. During the incineration process, the flue gas temperature is controlled at 900℃-1050℃ and the residence time is greater than 3 seconds, which meets the requirements for dioxin decomposition. The combustion air is transported by the rear fan 7 and distributed evenly and efficiently through the gas distribution pipe 8. With the fixed bed incinerator structure, there is no additional agitation of the garbage except for the necessary air input during normal operation, which can reduce the amount of fly ash generated.

[0038] The interior of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is divided into two spaces by a vertical metal wall. Multiple fixed side plates 131 are installed horizontally on the inner walls of the two spaces by bolts. Multiple horizontally staggered plates 133 are welded to one side of the fixed side plates 131. Each staggered plate 133 is stacked with each other in an alternating manner, leaving a reflux cavity 132 in the middle to facilitate the flow of flue gas. The reflux cavity 132 greatly prolongs the flow time of flue gas inside the secondary combustion chamber 5, allowing the flue gas to fully contact oxygen for combustion. A guide plate 134 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber 5. The guide plate 134 has a vertically inclined slope, which can guide the flue gas vertically into the interior of the secondary combustion chamber 5. By prolonging the contact time of flue gas with oxygen, the combustion effect is enhanced.

[0039] The vertical pipe 123 is made of stainless steel and its lower end is connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber 5. When the staff brings the sampling device close to the outside of the sampling port 126, they unscrew the sampling valve 124. The sampling valve 124 opens the connection between the vertical pipe 123 and the gas outlet pipe 125, allowing some flue gas to be discharged upwards for easy collection and sampling. The refractory sleeve 121 and the temperature detector 122 work together. The refractory sleeve 121 is made of refractory material such as refractory metal, and the temperature detector 122 can be a built-in thermocouple to monitor the center temperature of the flue gas in the furnace.

[0040] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail are possible within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A small and medium-sized incinerator, comprising an incinerator body (1), a feeding port (2) and a secondary combustion chamber (5), the feeding port (2) is fixedly arranged at the top side of the incinerator body (1), and the secondary combustion chamber (5) is fixedly installed in the top of the incinerator body (1), characterized in that: The lower end of the incinerator body (1) is fixedly connected to the balance frame (11). A blower (7) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the incinerator body (1). The gas supply pipe of the blower (7) is fixedly connected to the gas distribution pipe (8). A fixed grate (10) is fixedly installed inside the incinerator body (1). A combustion chamber (3) is fixedly opened on the inner side of the incinerator body (1). The fixed grate (10) is obliquely arranged inside the combustion chamber (3). The gas distribution pipe (8) is fixedly arranged below the fixed grate (10). ​ 2. The small and medium-sized incinerator according to claim 1, characterized by: A flue gas outlet (4) is fixedly provided on one side of the second combustion chamber (5), and the lower part of the flue gas outlet (4) is connected to the interior of the first combustion chamber (3).

3. The small and medium-sized incinerator according to claim 2, characterized by: The interior of the secondary combustion chamber (5) is provided with a flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure (13). The flue gas interception and uniform combustion treatment structure (13) includes a fixed side plate (131) and a guide plate (134). Multiple fixed side plates (131) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber (5). Interlaced plates (133) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the multiple fixed side plates (131). A backflow cavity (132) is fixedly opened inside the multiple interlaced plates (133). The guide plate (134) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber (5).

4. The small and medium-sized incinerator according to claim 3, characterized by: The top of the secondary combustion chamber (5) is provided with a flue gas temperature sampling structure (12). The flue gas temperature sampling structure (12) includes a fire-resistant sleeve (121) and a vertical pipe (123). The vertical pipe (123) is fixedly connected to the top of the secondary combustion chamber (5). A sampling valve (124) is fixedly installed on the outside of the vertical pipe (123). An exhaust pipe (125) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical pipe (123). A sampling port (126) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe (125). Two fire-resistant sleeves (121) are fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the secondary combustion chamber (5). A temperature detector (122) is fixedly installed inside the two fire-resistant sleeves (121).

5. The small and medium-sized incinerator according to claim 4, characterized by: The side wall of the secondary combustion chamber (5) is fixedly provided with an external exhaust hole (6), and the interior of the external exhaust hole (6) is connected to the flue gas outlet (4).

6. The small and medium-sized incinerator according to claim 5, characterized by: The slag discharge system (9) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the interior of the incinerator body (1), and the top of the slag discharge system (9) is connected to the lower end of the fixed grate (10).

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