A continuous lead tapping short kiln

Abstract

A continuous lead short kiln, comprising a furnace body, a furnace door, a flat car, a lead package. The furnace body is a hollow cylinder, two bottom surfaces are respectively provided with a front furnace opening and a rear furnace opening, and a movable furnace door is arranged outside the front furnace opening. A lead outlet and a slag outlet are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the furnace body. The flat car is arranged below the furnace body, and the lead package is arranged above the flat car. A detachable combined block is arranged at the slag outlet, and the combined block comprises an outer jacket, a middle jacket and an inner core. The outer jacket is in a cylindrical shape, the inner cavity of the outer jacket is in a circular truncated cone structure, the inner diameter of the circular truncated cone structure is smaller than the outer diameter; the middle jacket is in a circular truncated cone shape, the outer wall of the middle jacket is sleeved on the inner wall of the outer jacket, the inner cavity of the middle jacket is sleeved on the inner core, and the inner core is in a solid circular truncated cone structure. The outer end of the combined block is detachably connected with a baffle. The continuous lead discharge during the slagging process is realized by the detachable combined block arranged at the slag outlet, and the continuous lead short kiln has the characteristics of convenient modification, low energy consumption and low lead content in slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tooling and molds for lead smelting, and in particular to a short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead. Background Technology

[0002] Short kilns are a common tooling in lead smelting processes. Their main function is to smelt lead-containing materials into crude reduced lead and release low-lead waste slag. The conventional process involves first adding lead-containing materials and auxiliary materials into the furnace, then rotating the furnace and starting heating for the lead smelting stage. When the furnace temperature reaches 800℃~900℃, approximately 90% of the lead is released, with the remaining lead elements remaining in a semi-solid state as high-lead slag. Heating continues for the slag refining stage. When the furnace temperature reaches 1100℃~1200℃, the remaining lead is released, and the remainder is the low-lead waste slag.

[0003] In actual production, although the slag refining process only releases about 10% of the total lead, its time and energy consumption account for 20% to 30% of a complete production cycle. There are two reasons for the low heat utilization rate in the slag refining process: ① The furnace temperature is high during slag refining, resulting in significant heat waste through the furnace walls; ② When lead is discharged after slag refining, the lead temperature reaches approximately 1100℃ (compared to approximately 800℃ during lead refining), leading to energy waste. Furthermore, because lead and slag coexist throughout the slag refining process, the lead content in the slag cannot be kept to a low level, generally ranging from 5% to 7%.

[0004] Due to the inherent laws governing reaction temperature, reason ① is unavoidable. Regarding reason ②, some recycled lead plants have adopted a two-stage lead-addition operation during the slag-refining stage, adding lead once during slag refining and once at the end of the process. This reduces the lead-addition temperature during the slag-refining stage and shortens the contact time between lead and slag, thus improving thermal efficiency. However, this method requires an additional lead-addition step, during which the furnace cannot rotate, wasting extra manpower and yielding only a minor improvement in thermal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of low thermal efficiency in the slag refining process of traditional short kiln smelting and the defects of the secondary lead discharge mode in the slag refining process. It provides a short kiln that can continuously discharge lead. The continuous lead discharge in the slag refining process is achieved by setting a detachable combined block at the slag discharge port. It has the characteristics of convenient modification, low energy consumption and low lead content in slag, and solves the pain points of long slag refining time and high lead content in conventional short kiln smelting process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a device for determining the dry slag rate of liquid reduced lead, comprising a furnace body, a furnace door, an operating platform, a flatbed cart, and a lead ladle. The furnace body is a flat, hollow cylinder with a front furnace opening and a rear furnace opening on its two bottom surfaces, and a movable furnace door is provided on the outer side of the front furnace opening. Two symmetrical lead and slag discharge ports are provided in the middle of the side of the furnace body. The operating platform is located below the side of the furnace body. The flatbed cart is located below the furnace body and can slide along a track perpendicular to the furnace body axis, with the lead ladle placed above the flatbed cart.

[0007] In the above scheme, the furnace body can rotate freely, with a maximum short-term rotation speed of 40s / revolution and a maximum long-term rotation speed of 75s / revolution. The internal length is 4800mm to 5100mm, and the internal diameter is 2900mm to 3000mm.

[0008] In the above scheme, the front furnace opening at the bottom of the furnace body is used for adding raw and auxiliary materials, and its inner diameter is 750mm to 850mm; the rear furnace opening is connected to the settling chamber for treating smelting fumes, and its inner diameter is 600mm to 750mm.

[0009] In the above design, the furnace door is a flat cylindrical shape with a diameter of 900mm to 1050mm. A connecting rod at the upper end is suspended from a movable slide rail for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door.

[0010] In the above scheme, the lead discharge port and slag discharge port are of the same size, one is used for discharging lead and the other for discharging slag during the production process. The inner diameter of the lead discharge port and slag discharge port is 190mm to 220mm.

[0011] In the above scheme, the lead outlet is blocked with refractory clay, and a pneumatic pick is used to drill a hole in the refractory clay to release the lead.

[0012] In the above scheme, the slag discharge port is blocked by a combination of an outer jacket, a middle jacket, and an inner core, with a baffle plate on the outer side. The baffle plate is fixed by screw holes at the four corners and is removable.

[0013] In the above scheme, the outer jacket is cylindrical, with an outer diameter consistent with the inner diameter of the slag discharge port, ranging from 190mm to 220mm. The inner diameter is smaller on the left and larger on the right, with the left inner diameter being 160mm to 180mm and the right inner diameter being 190mm to 200mm.

[0014] In the above scheme, the middle jacket is cylindrical, with the outer diameter being smaller on the left and larger on the right, which is completely consistent with the inner diameter of the outer jacket. The left outer diameter is 160mm to 180mm and the right outer diameter is 190mm to 200mm; the inner diameter is smaller on the left and larger on the right, with the left inner diameter being 15mm to 21mm and the right inner diameter being 18mm to 30mm.

[0015] In the above scheme, the inner core is in the shape of a frustum with a smaller left side and a larger right side, which is completely consistent with the inner diameter of the middle jacket. The left outer diameter is 15mm to 21mm and the right outer diameter is 18mm to 30mm.

[0016] In the above scheme, the operating platform is used by operators to handle and observe the lead discharge port and slag discharge port.

[0017] In the above scheme, the flatbed cart has wheels and can slide along a track perpendicular to the furnace axis below the furnace body, and an automatic movement program can be set.

[0018] In the above scheme, the lead bag is in the shape of a hollow frustum, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with an inner diameter of 450mm to 550mm at the top opening.

[0019] This utility model provides a short kiln that can continuously discharge lead. It is easy to modify and can continuously discharge lead during the slag refining stage, thereby separating lead from the slag in the furnace in a timely manner. This effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption and high lead content in slag of conventional short kilns. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the slag discharge port described in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of the detachable combined plug of this utility model;

[0024] Attached diagram notation: 1. Furnace body; 2. Furnace door; 3. Front furnace opening; 4. Rear furnace opening; 5. Lead discharge port; 6. Slag discharge port; 7. Operating platform; 8. Lead ladle; 9. Flatbed cart; L. Internal length of furnace body; D. Internal diameter of furnace body; D1. Inner diameter of front furnace opening; D2. Inner diameter of rear furnace opening; D3. Diameter of furnace door; d. Inner diameter of lead discharge port / slag discharge port; d1. Inner diameter of upper opening of lead ladle; d2. Outer diameter of outer jacket; d3. Left inner diameter of outer jacket; d4. Right inner diameter of outer jacket; d5. Left outer diameter of middle jacket; d6. Right outer diameter of middle jacket; d7. Left inner diameter of middle jacket; d8. Left outer diameter of middle jacket; d9. Left outer diameter of inner core; d 10 , inner diameter and right outer diameter. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, a short kiln capable of continuous lead feeding includes a furnace body 1, a furnace door 2, an operating platform 7, a flatbed cart 9, and lead ladles 8. The furnace body 1 is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with a front furnace opening 3 and a rear furnace opening 4 on its two bottom surfaces. A movable furnace door 2 is located on the outer side of the front furnace opening 3. Two symmetrical lead feeding ports 5 and slag feeding ports 6 are located in the middle of the side of the furnace body 1. The operating platform 7 is located below the side of the furnace body. The flatbed cart 9 is located below the furnace body 1 and can slide along a track perpendicular to the axis of the furnace body 1. The lead ladles 8 are placed above the flatbed cart 9. Traction motors connected to the left and right sides of the flatbed cart 9 by chains are used to set the working speed of the traction motors according to the rotation speed of the furnace body 1 to ensure that the upper end of the lead ladles 8 catches the lead prematurely fed from the slag feeding ports. The chains and traction motors constitute the traction device.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the furnace body 1 can rotate freely, with a maximum short-term rotation speed of 40 s / revolution and a maximum long-term rotation speed of 75 s / revolution. Its internal length L is 4800 mm to 5100 mm, and its inner diameter D is 2900 mm to 3000 mm. The front furnace opening 3 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 is used for adding raw and auxiliary materials, with an inner diameter D1 of 750 mm to 850 mm. The rear furnace opening 4 connects to the settling chamber for treating smelting fumes, with an inner diameter D2 of 600 mm to 750 mm. The furnace door 2 is a flat cylindrical shape with a diameter D3 of 900 mm to 1050 mm. A connecting rod at the top suspends it on a movable slide for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door 2. The lead discharge port 5 and slag discharge port 6 are the same size; one is used for lead discharge during production, and the other for slag discharge. The inner diameter d of the lead discharge port 5 and slag discharge port 6 is 110 mm to 140 mm. The lead discharge port 5 is blocked with a refractory plug made of refractory clay. Lead can be discharged by drilling holes in the refractory clay using a pneumatic hammer. The slag discharge port 6 is blocked by a combination of an outer jacket 10, a middle jacket 11, and an inner core 12, with a baffle 13 on the outer side. The lead discharge port 5 and slag discharge port 6 are located in the center of the mounting block. The baffle 13 has screw holes 14 at its four corners, through which screws can be detachably connected to the perimeter of the mounting block. The outer jacket 10 is cylindrical, with an outer diameter d2 matching the inner diameter d of the slag discharge port, ranging from 190mm to 220mm. The inner diameter is smaller on the left and larger on the right; the left inner diameter d3 is 160mm to 180mm, and the right inner diameter d4 is 190mm to 200mm. The inner cavity of the outer jacket 10 has a frustum-shaped structure, with the inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter. The outer jacket 10 closer to the furnace inner cavity has a smaller inner diameter, while the outer jacket 10 closer to the furnace outer wall has a larger inner diameter. The middle sleeve 11 is cylindrical, with its outer diameter being smaller on the left and larger on the right, perfectly matching the inner diameter of the outer sleeve. The left outer diameter d5 is 160mm-180mm, and the right outer diameter d6 is 190mm-200mm. Its inner diameter is smaller on the left and larger on the right, with the left inner diameter d7 being 15mm-21mm and the right inner diameter d8 being 18mm-30mm. The middle sleeve 11 is a frustum-shaped cylinder, with its outer wall fitted onto the inner wall of the outer sleeve 10. The inner cavity of the middle sleeve 11 houses the inner core 12, which is a solid frustum structure. The inner core 12 is also frustum-shaped, smaller on the left and larger on the right, perfectly matching the inner diameter of the middle sleeve. The left outer diameter d9 is 15mm-21mm, and the right outer diameter d8 is 18mm-30mm. 10 The diameter is 18mm to 30mm.

[0028] The operating platform 7 is used by operators to handle and observe the lead discharge port 5 and the slag discharge port 6. The flatbed cart 9 has wheels and can slide along a track perpendicular to the axis of the furnace body 1, and can be programmed for automatic movement. The lead liner 8 is a hollow frustum-shaped container that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with an inner diameter d1 of 450mm to 550mm at its upper opening.

[0029] Working principle: Please refer to Figure 1A short kiln capable of continuous lead feeding is constructed by first sealing the lead feeding port 5 with refractory clay, and then sealing the slag feeding port 6 with three overlapping structures: an outer jacket 10, a middle jacket 11, and an inner core 12. A baffle 13 is then fixed to the outside via screw holes 14. Next, the furnace door 2 is opened, and raw and auxiliary materials are fed into the furnace body 1 through the front furnace opening 3. The furnace door 2 is then closed, and the furnace body 1 is rotated and heated to begin the lead smelting stage. When the furnace temperature reaches 800℃~900℃, the lead feeding port 5 is rotated to face the operating platform 7. The operator uses a pneumatic hammer to drill small holes in the refractory clay filling the lead feeding port 5, releasing most of the lead. The lead feeding port 5 is then sealed by plugging it with refractory clay. The slag discharge port 6 is rotated to face the operating platform 7. The baffle 13 is removed, and the inner core 12 is loosened and removed using a pneumatic hammer. The middle jacket 11 and outer jacket 10, as well as the junction of the outer jacket 10 and the slag discharge port 6, are then lightly welded together for initial fixation. The furnace body 1 continues to rotate and heat, initiating the slag refining stage. After slag refining begins, the flatbed cart 9 is periodically moved at the lower end of the furnace body 1 according to the rotation speed of the furnace body 1. This ensures that when the slag discharge port 6 rotates to the lower half of the furnace body 1, the lead bag 8 is always directly below the slag discharge port 6 to catch the lead discharged in advance. When the furnace temperature reaches 1100℃~1200℃, there is essentially no remaining lead inside the furnace body 1. The operator uses a pneumatic hammer on the operating platform 7 to knock off the welded joint between the middle jacket 11 and outer jacket 10 at the slag discharge port 6, loosens the middle jacket 11, removes it, and discharges the remaining low-lead waste slag inside the furnace body 1. One cycle of operations is complete.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model.

Claims

1. A short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead, characterized in that: The furnace includes a furnace body (1), a furnace door (2), a flatbed cart (9), and a lead liner (8). The furnace body (1) is a hollow cylinder laid flat. There are two bottom surfaces with a front furnace opening (3) and a rear furnace opening (4). A movable furnace door (2) is provided on the outside of the front furnace opening (3). A lead outlet (5) and a slag outlet (6) are provided in the middle of the side of the furnace body (1). The lead outlet (5) and the slag outlet (6) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the furnace body (1). The flatbed cart (9) located below the furnace body (1) can slide left and right along the track. The track is below the furnace body and perpendicular to the axis of the furnace body (1). The lead liner (8) is placed above the flatbed cart (9). The upper port of the lead liner (8) corresponds to the rotation trajectory of the slag outlet (6). A refractory plug is provided at the lead discharge port (5), and a detachable combined plug is provided at the slag discharge port (6). The combined plug includes an outer jacket (10), a middle jacket (11), and an inner core (12). The outer jacket (10) is cylindrical, with an outer diameter d2 that is the same as the inner diameter d of the slag discharge port. The inner cavity of the outer jacket (10) is a frustum structure, with the inner diameter of the frustum structure being smaller than the outer diameter. The inner diameter of the outer jacket (10) closer to the inner cavity of the furnace body is small, while the inner diameter of the outer jacket (10) closer to the outer wall of the furnace body is large. The middle jacket (11) is a frustum cylinder, with the outer wall of the middle jacket (11) fitted onto the inner wall of the outer jacket (10). The inner core (12) is fitted into the inner cavity of the middle jacket (11), and the inner core (12) is a solid frustum structure. The inner end face diameter of the inner core (12) is small, and the outer end face diameter is large. A baffle (13) is detachably connected to the outer end of the combined plug.

2. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the slag refining begins, remove the baffle (13) and inner core (12). When the slag discharge port (6) rotates to the lower half of the furnace body (1), the lead bag (8) is always directly below the slag discharge port (6) to catch the lead that is discharged in advance.

3. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes traction devices located on the left and right sides of the flatbed car (9), which are used to set the traction speed of the traction device according to the rotation speed of the furnace body (1) to ensure that the lead bag (8) catches the lead released from the slag outlet in advance.

4. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 3, characterized in that: The traction device includes an iron chain and a traction motor.

5. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) can rotate freely. The maximum short-term rotation speed is 40s / revolution, and the maximum long-term rotation speed is 75s / revolution. After the slag refining begins, the flatbed cart (9) is set to move periodically at the lower end of the furnace body (1) according to the rotation speed of the furnace body (1). This is to ensure that when the slag discharge port (6) rotates to the lower half circle of the furnace body (1), the lead bag (8) is always directly below the slag discharge port (6) to catch the lead that has been discharged in advance.

6. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead outlet (5) and slag outlet (6) are located in the middle of the mounting block. The outer end of the combined block is detachably connected to a baffle (13) by screws. There are screw holes (14) at the four corners of the baffle (13). The screws pass through the screw holes (14) and are connected to the periphery of the mounting block. The furnace door (2) is in the shape of a flat cylinder. The upper end of the furnace door (2) has a connecting rod that is suspended on a movable slide to control the opening and closing of the furnace door (2). The front furnace opening (3) at the bottom of the furnace body (1) is used for the addition of raw and auxiliary materials. The rear furnace opening (4) is connected to the settling chamber for the treatment of smelting dust.

7. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter d2 of the outer sleeve (10) is 190mm to 220mm, and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve (10) is smaller on the left and larger on the right. The left inner diameter d3 of the outer sleeve (10) is 160mm to 180mm, and the right inner diameter d4 of the outer sleeve (10) is 190mm to 200mm. The outer diameter of the middle sleeve (11) is smaller on the left and larger on the right. The outer diameter of the middle sleeve (11) is exactly the same as the inner diameter of the outer sleeve. The left outer diameter d5 of the middle sleeve (11) is... The outer diameter of the middle sleeve (11) is 160mm-180mm, the right outer diameter d6 is 190mm-200mm, the inner diameter of the middle sleeve (11) is smaller on the left and larger on the right, the left inner diameter d7 of the middle sleeve (11) is 15mm-21mm, and the right inner diameter d8 of the middle sleeve (11) is 18mm-30mm; the outer diameter of the inner core (12) is completely consistent with the inner diameter of the middle sleeve, the left outer diameter d9 is 15mm-21mm, and the right outer diameter d8 is 18mm-30mm. 10 The diameter is 18mm to 30mm.

8. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) has an internal length L of 4800mm to 5100mm and an inner diameter D of 2900mm to 3000mm; the front furnace opening (3) at the bottom of the furnace body (1) has an inner diameter D1 of 750mm to 850mm; the rear furnace opening (4) has an inner diameter D2 of 600mm to 750mm; and the furnace door (2) has a diameter D3 of 900mm to 1050mm.

9. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractory plug is made of refractory mortar.

10. The short kiln capable of continuously feeding lead according to claim 1, characterized in that: Operating platform (7) is located on the lower side of the furnace body (1).

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