Single cell and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery and battery pack, this single battery has first direction, wherein, single battery includes: casing, casing has and prevents the blast hole of accommodation cavity and, and prevents the blast hole with the accommodation cavity intercommunication, top cover subassembly, top cover subassembly includes top cover sheet, and top cover sheet is connected with casing and covers and seals the accommodation cavity, and top cover sheet is located in the side of casing away from the blast hole in first direction, electrode subassembly, electrode subassembly is located in the accommodation cavity, prevents the blast valve, prevents the blast valve and covers and seals the blast hole with casing, buffer board, buffer board is located outside casing, and is located in the side of casing away from top cover sheet in first direction, and buffer board is equipped with exhaust hole, and exhaust hole is connected with the blast hole intercommunication. The utility model discloses single battery when carrying out ball hit test, through the protection of the buffer board of being equipped, the blast valve that covers and seals at the blast hole is not easy to break down failure and the electric core is not easy to short circuit, can guarantee the reliability and stability of battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with increasing environmental awareness and the pursuit of sustainable transportation, new energy vehicles have gradually become the mainstream of the automotive industry. As the core power component of new energy vehicles, the performance and safety of the power battery not only directly determine the overall quality of the vehicle but also have a crucial impact on its market competitiveness.

[0003] To further enhance the safety of new energy vehicles, the design of explosion-proof valves at the bottom of the battery has been widely adopted in the industry. The core advantage of this design is that when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, the explosion-proof valve at the bottom bursts and releases pressure, guiding the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside downwards to escape, thereby preventing a threat to the safety of the passenger compartment and greatly improving the overall safety performance of the vehicle.

[0004] However, in practical applications, when the power battery is subjected to ball impact testing, the test ball directly impacts the explosion-proof valve area at the bottom of the battery. Since the explosion-proof valve is a thin-walled pressure relief structure, it is prone to failure under mechanical impact, causing it to lose its pressure relief function in actual thermal runaway scenarios. At the same time, the continuous impact of the test ball will squeeze the internal cells, causing electrode structure deformation or diaphragm damage, which may lead to the risk of internal short circuit in the cells. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this utility model is to propose a single cell and a battery pack, which aims to solve the technical problems of the explosion-proof valve failure and cell short circuit that are easily caused by the bottom explosion-proof valve design of the current power battery when it is subjected to ball impact test.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a single-cell battery having a first orientation, wherein the single-cell battery comprises: A housing having a receiving cavity and an explosion-proof hole, the explosion-proof hole communicating with the receiving cavity; A top cover assembly, the top cover assembly including a top cover sheet, the top cover sheet being connected to the housing and covering the receiving cavity, the top cover sheet being located on the side of the housing away from the explosion-proof hole in the first direction; An electrode assembly disposed within the accommodating cavity; An explosion-proof valve is connected to the housing and seals the explosion-proof port; A buffer plate is located outside the housing and is disposed on the side of the housing away from the top cover plate in the first direction. The buffer plate is provided with an exhaust hole, which is connected to the explosion-proof hole.

[0007] Optionally, the buffer plate includes a buffer layer and a first plate layer, the buffer layer being connected to the housing, the first plate layer being connected to the buffer layer, and the first plate layer being located on the side of the buffer layer away from the housing in the first direction; the vent hole extends through the buffer layer and the first plate layer along the first direction.

[0008] Optionally, the buffer plate further includes a second plate layer, which is connected to the buffer layer and the housing, and the buffer layer is located between the first plate layer and the second plate layer in the first direction; the vent hole also extends through the second plate layer in the first direction.

[0009] Optionally, the buffer layer is provided with a plurality of first perforations, the first perforations penetrating the buffer layer along the first direction, and the plurality of first perforations are spaced apart; in the first direction, at least one of the first perforations forms the vent hole penetrating the buffer layer.

[0010] Optionally, the single cell also has a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer layer includes a plurality of bends, the plurality of bends are connected along the second direction; a bend gap is formed between adjacent bends, and at least one bend gap forms a vent hole that penetrates the buffer layer.

[0011] Optionally, the buffer plate includes a corrugated plate, the corrugated plate includes at least one corrugated portion, the corrugated portion protrudes toward one side of the housing in the first direction, and the corrugated portion is fixed to the housing, and the vent hole penetrates the corrugated plate along the first direction.

[0012] Optionally, the single cell also has a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the corrugated portion is provided in multiple ways, with the multiple corrugated portions connected together in series along the second direction; the corrugated plate also includes multiple reinforcing ribs, which extend along the second direction, and the reinforcing ribs connect one of the corrugated portions, or the reinforcing ribs connect two adjacent corrugated portions.

[0013] Optionally, the single cell also has a third direction, wherein the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; and multiple reinforcing ribs are provided, with the multiple reinforcing ribs spaced apart along the third direction.

[0014] Optionally, the buffer plate is a foam metal plate bonded to the housing; or, the single battery cell further includes a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the buffer plate includes multiple support units, the multiple support units are connected in series along the second direction, the support unit has a second through hole, and in the first direction, the second through hole of the support unit corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve forms the vent hole that penetrates the buffer plate.

[0015] This utility model also proposes a battery pack, which includes: Multiple single-cell batteries as described above; and The housing contains multiple individual battery cells.

[0016] This utility model incorporates a buffer plate in its single-cell battery. The buffer plate is installed at the location of the explosion-proof hole in the casing. During a ball impact test, the test ball strikes the buffer plate, which effectively absorbs the impact force, significantly reducing the stress on the explosion-proof valve sealed at the explosion-proof hole and preventing it from failing due to external impact. This ensures normal pressure relief during thermal runaway. Simultaneously, the buffer plate weakens the impact of the test ball on the casing, preventing deformation of electrode components and damage to the separator due to compression of the internal cells, effectively mitigating the risk of short circuits. Furthermore, the vent on the buffer plate cleverly integrates venting and protection functions, without obstructing the gas discharge from the explosion-proof valve during thermal runaway. This enhances the safety performance of the battery casing under different operating conditions, ensuring the reliability and stability of the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a ball impact test performed on a single cell in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single battery undergoing a ball impact test in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a single cell undergoing a ball impact test in the embodiment from another perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the buffer plate of a single battery cell in the embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Exploded view of the buffer plate of a single cell in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Exploded view of the buffer plate of a single cell in the embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Exploded view of the buffer plate of a single cell in the embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Exploded view of the buffer plate of a single cell in the embodiment; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer plate of a single battery in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0020] It should also be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0022] This utility model embodiment proposes a single-cell battery having a first direction Z, wherein, with reference to... Figures 1 to 3 The single cell includes: The housing 100 has a receiving cavity 101 and an explosion-proof hole 102, the explosion-proof hole 102 being connected to the receiving cavity 101; Top cover assembly 200, top cover assembly 200 includes top cover piece 210, top cover piece 210 is connected to housing 100 and covers the accommodating cavity 101, top cover piece 210 is located on the side of housing 100 away from explosion-proof hole 102 in the first direction Z; Electrode assembly 300, which is disposed within the accommodating cavity 101; Explosion-proof valve 400, explosion-proof valve 400 is connected to housing 100 and the explosion-proof hole 102 is covered; The buffer plate 500 is located outside the housing 100 and is disposed on the side of the housing 100 away from the top cover plate 210 in the first direction Z. The buffer plate 500 is provided with an exhaust hole 500K, which is connected to the explosion-proof hole 102.

[0023] The single battery cell involved in this embodiment is the basic unit that constitutes the battery pack. It is an independent electrochemical energy storage device that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, or convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage. The single battery cell can be a square battery and is used in electric vehicles and other fields.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, a single battery cell has a first direction Z, which can be the height direction of the single battery cell. In addition, the single battery cell also has a second direction X and a third direction Y. The second direction X can be the length direction of the single battery cell, and the third direction Y can be the width / thickness direction of the single battery cell.

[0025] Specifically, the housing 100 can be made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal or composite material, and the housing 100 has an internal accommodating cavity. The accommodating cavity provides a safe and stable space for the electrode assembly 300, electrolyte, etc., and can effectively resist external impacts to protect internal components from damage. The top of the housing 100 has an opening for the accommodating cavity 101, and the bottom of the housing 100 has an explosion-proof hole 102 communicating with the accommodating cavity 101.

[0026] The top cover assembly 200 includes a top cover piece 210, which is located on the side of the housing 100 away from the explosion-proof hole 102 in a first direction. It is sealed to the top edge of the housing 100 by welding or other connection methods, and seals the accommodating cavity 101 at the cavity opening to prevent external moisture, dust and other substances from entering the battery.

[0027] The electrode assembly 300, as the core component for energy storage and release in the battery, is housed within the receiving cavity. The type of electrode assembly 300 can be selected according to actual application requirements, such as a lithium-ion electrode assembly 300. The electrode assembly 300 can be a wound structure formed by stacking and winding a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode. The separator is located between the positive and negative electrode sheets, and its main function is to prevent direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, thus preventing short circuits, while allowing ions to pass freely between them. The receiving cavity 101 of the housing 100 also contains an electrolyte, which serves as a medium for ion transport to ensure the conduction of ions inside the battery. During operation, the electrode assembly 300 achieves the mutual conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy through chemical reactions, providing a stable power output to external devices.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the explosion-proof valve 400 is adapted to the explosion-proof port 102, connected to the bottom of the housing 100, and covers the explosion-proof port 102. The explosion-proof valve 400 adopts a thin-walled, easily breakable structure, and automatically bursts open to release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds the threshold.

[0029] The buffer plate 500 is located outside the housing 100 and fixed to the bottom of the housing 100 (the side away from the top cover plate 210 in the first direction Z), covering the area of ​​the explosion-proof hole 102. Its fixing method can include adhesive bonding, bolt connection, or snap-fit ​​connection, depending on actual needs. The area of ​​the buffer plate 500 can be adapted to the area of ​​the bottom of the housing 100, and the size is equal. The buffer plate 500 can be made of elastic cushioning material (such as rubber, foam metal, etc.), and the thickness can be set according to actual needs to absorb external impact forces. The buffer plate 500 has an exhaust hole 501 communicating with the explosion-proof hole 102 to ensure unobstructed pressure relief. The shape, size, and arrangement of the exhaust hole 501 can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0030] The working principle of a single battery in this embodiment may include: Impact resistance scenario (ball impact test): When the test ball impacts the bottom of the housing 100, the impact force first acts on the buffer plate 500. The buffer plate 500 absorbs energy through elastic deformation of the material, reducing the peak impact force transmitted to the housing 100 and the explosion-proof valve 400, thus preventing the explosion-proof valve 400 from being damaged by the hard impact. At the same time, the rigid support of the buffer plate 500 can suppress the deformation of the housing 100, reduce the compressive stress on the internal battery cells, and prevent the electrode assembly 300 from deforming or the diaphragm from breaking.

[0031] Thermal runaway pressure relief scenario: When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery and the pressure exceeds the opening threshold of the explosion-proof valve 400, the explosion-proof valve 400 bursts open, and the high-temperature, high-pressure gas is discharged downwards through the explosion-proof hole 102 and the vent hole 501 of the buffer plate 500. Since the vent hole 501 is connected to the explosion-proof hole 102 and the material of the buffer plate 500 is heat-resistant, the gas discharge path is unobstructed, ensuring that the pressure relief function is functioning normally.

[0032] This utility model incorporates a buffer plate 500 in its single-cell battery. The buffer plate 500 is installed at the location of the explosion-proof hole 102 on the casing 100. During a ball impact test, the test ball strikes the buffer plate 500, which effectively absorbs the impact force, significantly reducing the stress on the explosion-proof valve 400 sealed at the explosion-proof hole 102, preventing it from failing due to external impact, and ensuring normal pressure relief during thermal runaway. Simultaneously, the buffer plate 500 weakens the impact of the test ball on the casing 100, preventing deformation of the electrode assembly 300 and damage to the separator due to compression of the internal cells, effectively mitigating the risk of short circuits. Furthermore, the vent 501 on the buffer plate 500 cleverly integrates venting and protection functions, ensuring that the gas from the explosion-proof valve 400 is not obstructed during thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery casing under different operating conditions and guaranteeing the reliability and stability of the battery.

[0033] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The buffer plate 500 includes a buffer layer 510, which is connected to the housing 100. An exhaust port 501 penetrates the buffer layer 510 along a first direction Z. In this embodiment, the buffer layer 510 is the main structure of the buffer plate 500, covering the side of the housing 100 where the explosion-proof hole 102 is located. The buffer layer 510 can be made of a material with impact energy absorption characteristics, ensuring that energy is absorbed through material deformation upon impact. The exhaust port 501 penetrates the buffer layer 510 perpendicularly along the first direction Z, and its axis coincides with the axis of the explosion-proof hole 102, forming a straight exhaust channel, allowing gas to be discharged through the exhaust port 501 of the buffer layer 510 without detour.

[0034] In the embodiments shown above, the buffer layer 510 can achieve both mechanical protection and pressure relief guidance through a single structure. Alternatively, the buffer layer 510 can also employ a composite structure, as detailed below: In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The buffer plate 500 also includes a first plate layer 520. The buffer layer 510 is connected to the housing 100, and the first plate layer 520 is connected to the buffer layer 510. The first plate layer 520 is located on the side of the buffer layer 510 away from the housing 100 in the first direction Z. The vent hole 501 also penetrates the first plate layer 520 in the first direction Z, that is, the vent hole 501 penetrates the buffer layer 510 and the first plate layer 520 in the first direction Z.

[0035] In this embodiment, the buffer layer 510 is disposed adjacent to the bottom of the housing 100 and fixed to the housing 100. In the first direction, the first plate layer 520 is connected to the side of the buffer layer 510 away from the housing 100 (i.e., the outermost layer of the buffer plate 500), and is fixed to the buffer layer 510 by means of heat-pressing or other methods to form a composite structure of rigid layer and elastic layer. The thickness of the first plate layer 520 in the first direction Z is set according to actual needs, and its planar dimensions are consistent with those of the buffer layer 510, completely covering the buffer layer 510 and the area of ​​the explosion-proof hole 102. The vent hole 501 passes through the first plate layer 520 and the buffer layer 510 sequentially along the first direction Z, and communicates with the explosion-proof hole 102 at the bottom of the housing 100, forming a straight pressure relief channel of explosion-proof hole 102 → buffer layer 510 vent hole 501 → first plate layer 520 vent hole 501.

[0036] The first plate layer 520, acting as the "first line of defense" against impact, utilizes its rigid structure to convert the impact force of the test ball into planar stress diffusion, preventing concentrated loads from acting directly on the buffer layer 510. The buffer layer 510 absorbs the load diffused by the first plate layer 520 and further absorbs energy through plastic deformation of the material. Compared to a single buffer layer 510, the composite structure significantly improves the overall energy absorption efficiency, reducing the risk of damage to the explosion-proof valve 400.

[0037] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The buffer plate 500 also includes a second plate layer 530, which is connected to the buffer layer 510 and the housing 100. In the first direction Z, the buffer layer 510 is located between the first plate layer 520 and the second plate layer 530. The vent hole 501 also penetrates the second plate layer 530 along the first direction Z.

[0038] In this embodiment, the buffer plate 500 includes a first plate layer 520, a buffer layer 510, and a second plate layer 530, which are stacked along the first direction Z to form a composite protective structure of a rigid layer-elastic layer-rigid layer. Specifically, the second plate layer 530 is disposed adjacent to the bottom of the shell 100 and is fixedly connected to the shell 100 by means of adhesive or other methods, serving as a connection carrier between the buffer plate 500 and the shell 100. The buffer layer 510 is sandwiched between the first plate layer 520 and the second plate layer 530 and is fixedly connected to both by hot pressing or structural adhesive to form a "sandwich" sandwich structure. The first plate layer 520 is located on the outermost side of the buffer plate 500 (the side away from the shell 100) and is indirectly connected to the buffer layer 510 through the second plate layer 530. Its planar dimensions are the same as those of the second plate layer 530, forming a symmetrical protective structure. The vent 501 passes sequentially through the first plate layer 520, the buffer layer 510, and the second plate layer 530 along the first direction Z, and communicates with the explosion-proof hole 102 at the bottom of the shell 100, forming a straight pressure relief channel from the explosion-proof hole 102 to the vent 501 of the second plate layer 530, then to the vent 501 of the buffer layer 510, and finally to the vent 501 of the first plate layer 520. The second plate layer 530 and the first plate layer 520 form a "rigid clamp," restricting the lateral expansion and deformation of the buffer layer 510 under impact load, allowing more energy to be absorbed through the axial compression of the buffer layer 510.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figures 4 to 9 The buffer layer 510 is provided with a plurality of first perforations 502, the first perforations 502 penetrate the buffer layer 510 along the first direction Z, and the plurality of first perforations 502 are spaced apart; in the first direction Z, at least one first perforation 502 forms an exhaust hole 501 penetrating the buffer layer 510.

[0040] In this embodiment, the buffer layer 510 has a structure design with multiple first perforations 502. Each first perforation 502 penetrates the buffer layer 510 along the first direction Z, and the multiple first perforations 502 are spaced apart in the plane of the buffer layer 510. The distribution method includes array, ring, or random distribution. Optionally, the multiple perforations are arrayed on the buffer layer 510. In the first direction Z, at least one first perforation 502 is aligned with the explosion-proof hole 102 of the housing 100 to form an exhaust hole 501 penetrating the buffer layer 510. The specific number is set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this. The remaining first perforations 502 can serve as auxiliary structural holes to support and realize the deformation of the buffer layer 510. The shape of the first perforation 502 can include at least one of polygon, circle, ellipse, and fan shape, set according to actual needs. The buffer layer 510 can be made of elastic porous material (such as polyurethane foam with honeycomb pores or porous rubber, etc.), and this embodiment does not limit this. Multiple first perforations 502 divide the buffer layer 510 into several elastic units. When the test ball impacts, the material around each first perforation 502 can undergo independent elastic deformation, absorbing energy through a composite mechanism of "hole wall bending + unit compression".

[0041] That is, at least one first perforation 502 aligned with the explosion-proof hole 102 serves as the main vent, ensuring that gas is discharged along the shortest path during thermal runaway. Its flow area is the same as or approximately the same as that of a conventional single vent 501, and the pressure relief efficiency is not affected. Although the non-aligned first perforation 502 does not directly participate in pressure relief, it can reduce the overall stiffness of the buffer layer 510 through the porous structure, making the material around the main vent 501 more prone to deformation and energy absorption under impact.

[0042] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The single cell also has a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z. The buffer layer 510 includes a plurality of bends 511, which are connected along the second direction X. A bend gap 503 is formed between adjacent bends 511, and at least one bend gap 503 forms an exhaust hole 501 that penetrates the buffer layer 510.

[0043] In this embodiment, the single battery cell has a second direction X, which is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The buffer layer 510 includes a plurality of bent portions 511 extending and connected along the second direction X, with bent gaps 503 formed between adjacent bent portions 511. The bent portions 511 are zigzag, Z-shaped, or arc-shaped, and the plurality of bent portions 511 are continuously arranged and connected one after another along the second direction X. The bent gaps 503 are the gaps between adjacent bent portions 511, penetrating the buffer layer 510 in the first direction Z. At least one bent gap 503 is aligned with the explosion-proof hole 102 of the housing 100, forming a vent 501. The remaining bent gaps 503 serve as auxiliary buffer structures, not connected to the explosion-proof hole 102 but participating in the absorption of impact energy.

[0044] When the bent section 511 is impacted by a test ball, the zigzag structure decomposes the impact force into shear stress and tensile stress through multi-directional elastic deformation (expansion and contraction along the X direction, compression along the Z direction, etc.) to quickly absorb the impact energy and help improve the energy absorption efficiency.

[0045] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 12 The buffer plate 500 includes a corrugated plate 540, which includes at least one corrugated portion 541. The corrugated portion 541 protrudes towards one side of the housing 100 in the first direction Z to fix the corrugated portion to the housing. The vent 501 penetrates the corrugated plate 540 along the first direction Z. The corrugated plate 540, also known as a corrugated plate, has a wavy vertical cross-section and can deform under external force to absorb impact energy. Specifically, the corrugated plate 540 has a periodically undulating wave structure and is fixed to the bottom of the housing 100 by adhesive or other means, completely covering the area where the explosion-proof hole 102 is located. The undulating direction of the wave can extend along the second direction X or the third direction Y, depending on actual needs. The vent 501 penetrates vertically along the first direction Z through the crest or trough of the corrugated plate 540 and is coaxially aligned with the explosion-proof hole 102 of the housing 100, forming a straight pressure relief channel.

[0046] When impacted by a test ball, the periodic undulating structure of the wave plate 540 absorbs energy through the following pathways: the bending deformation of the crests and troughs consumes the impact energy, reducing the impact force transmitted to the bottom of the housing 100; and the wave structure causes the impact stress to scatter along the surface of the wave plate 540, avoiding single-point load concentration.

[0047] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13The single cell also has a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z. The corrugated plate 540 is provided with a plurality of corrugated portions 541, which are connected in series along the second direction X. The corrugated plate 540 also includes a plurality of reinforcing ribs 542, which extend along the second direction X. The reinforcing ribs 542 are connected to one corrugated portion 541, or the reinforcing ribs 542 are connected to two adjacent corrugated portions 541.

[0048] In this embodiment, the single cell has a second direction X, which is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The corrugated plate 540 includes a plurality of corrugated portions 541 spaced apart along the second direction X, forming a convex or concave wave-shaped structure. The height of a single corrugated portion 541 and the spacing between adjacent corrugated portions 541 can be set according to actual needs to form a periodically undulating waveform structure.

[0049] Among them, multiple reinforcing ribs 542 extend along the second direction X and adopt the following two connection methods: One end of the reinforcing rib 542 is fixed to the top or side of the individual corrugated part 541, and the other end extends to the edge of the corrugated plate 540 to enhance the bending resistance of the individual corrugated part 541. The reinforcing rib 542 spans across two adjacent corrugated sections 541, rigidly connecting the two to form a support unit of "corrugated section 541-reinforcing rib 542".

[0050] The thickness of the reinforcing rib 542 can be set according to actual needs. It is made of the same material as the corrugated part 541 and is connected to the corrugated part 541 through an integral molding process (such as injection molding or stamping).

[0051] The reinforcing rib 542 acts like a "skeleton" to support the corrugated section 541 and limit its excessive deformation under impact. For example, when a test ball impacts the corrugated section 541, the reinforcing rib 542 connecting adjacent corrugated sections 541 can disperse the impact force to multiple corrugated sections 541, reducing the stress on individual corrugated sections 541 and preventing the corrugated section 541 from breaking or tearing due to local overload.

[0052] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 13 The individual battery cell also has a third direction Y, and the third direction Y, the first direction Z, and the second direction X are all perpendicular to each other. Multiple reinforcing ribs 542 are provided, spaced apart along the third direction Y. The multiple reinforcing ribs 542 improve the overall strength of the buffer plate 500, providing better cushioning and improving the impact resistance of the battery cell during ball impact tests or external impacts.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 14 The buffer plate 500 is a foam metal plate bonded to the housing 100; or, refer to Figure 15The single battery also includes a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z. The buffer plate 500 includes a plurality of support units 550, which are connected in series along the second direction X. The support unit 550 has a second through hole 504. In the first direction Z, the second through hole 504 of the support unit 550 corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve 400 forms an exhaust hole 501 that penetrates the buffer plate 500.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 14 As shown, the buffer plate 500 can be a foamed metal plate, which is directly bonded to the bottom of the housing 100 with structural adhesive. Foamed metal refers to a special metal material containing foam pores. Specifically, the foamed metal plate adopts an open-cell porous structure, and the material is foamed aluminum, foamed copper, or foamed stainless steel, with a porosity ranging from 60% to 90%. The foamed metal plate has an exhaust hole 501 that is coaxially connected to the explosion-proof hole 102 of the housing 100. The diameter of the exhaust hole 501 matches that of the explosion-proof hole 102, and the inner wall of the pore retains the natural porous surface of the foamed metal. When impacted by a test ball, the porous structure of the foamed metal absorbs energy through a pore collapse-plastic deformation mechanism, significantly reducing the risk of damage to the explosion-proof valve 400. Furthermore, the through exhaust hole 501 and the porous structure of the foamed metal form a "main channel + auxiliary diffusion" exhaust system. Thermal runaway gas is rapidly discharged through the main channel, while secondary diffusion occurs through the pores of the foamed metal, preventing high-pressure airflow from directly eroding the explosion-proof valve 400 and extending its service life.

[0055] In addition, such as Figure 15 As shown, the individual battery cells can also have a second direction X, which is perpendicular to the first direction Z. The buffer plate 500 includes support units 550 connected in series along the second direction to form a truss structure, which can be connected by bolts or welding. Each support unit 550 is provided with a second through hole 504. The second through hole 504 of the support unit 550 that is coaxially aligned with the position of the explosion-proof valve 400 of the housing 100 forms an exhaust hole 501, which is directly connected to the explosion-proof hole 102; the second through holes 504 of the other support units 550 serve as buffer holes, which are not connected to the explosion-proof hole 102, but participate in the absorption of impact energy.

[0056] This utility model also proposes a battery pack, which includes: Multiple single-cell batteries as described in the foregoing embodiments; and The housing contains multiple individual batteries.

[0057] The specific structure of the single battery cell is as described in the above embodiments. Since this battery pack adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the technical effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] The above description is only a part or preferred embodiment of this utility model. Neither the text nor the drawings should limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings under the overall concept of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery having a first orientation (Z), characterized in that, include: The housing (100) has a receiving cavity (101) and an explosion-proof hole (102) communicating with the receiving cavity (101); Top cover assembly (200), the top cover assembly (200) includes a top cover piece (210), the top cover piece (210) is connected to the housing (100) and covers the receiving cavity (101), the top cover piece (210) is located on the side of the housing (100) away from the explosion-proof hole (102) in the first direction (Z); Electrode assembly (300), the electrode assembly (300) being disposed within the accommodating cavity (101); An explosion-proof valve (400) is connected to the housing (100) and covers the explosion-proof hole (102). A buffer plate (500) is located outside the housing (100) and is disposed on the side of the housing (100) away from the top cover plate (210) in the first direction (Z). The buffer plate (500) is provided with an exhaust hole (501) which is connected to the explosion-proof hole (102).

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer plate (500) includes a buffer layer (510) and a first plate layer (520). The buffer layer (510) is connected to the housing (100), and the first plate layer (520) is connected to the buffer layer (510). The first plate layer (520) is located on the side of the buffer layer (510) away from the housing (100) in the first direction (Z). The vent (501) penetrates the buffer layer (510) and the first plate layer (520) along the first direction (Z).

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The buffer plate (500) further includes a second plate layer (530), which is connected to the buffer layer (510) and the housing (100), and the buffer layer (510) is located between the first plate layer (520) and the second plate layer (530) in the first direction (Z); the vent (501) also penetrates the second plate layer (530) along the first direction (Z).

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffer layer (510) is provided with a plurality of first perforations (502), the first perforations (502) penetrate the buffer layer (510) along the first direction (Z), and the plurality of first perforations (502) are spaced apart; in the first direction (Z), at least one first perforation (502) forms the vent (501) penetrating the buffer layer (510).

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The single cell also has a second direction (X) perpendicular to the first direction (Z), and the buffer layer (510) includes a plurality of bends (511), which are connected along the second direction (X); a bend gap (503) is formed between adjacent bends (511), and at least one bend gap (503) forms a vent (501) that penetrates the buffer layer (510).

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer plate (500) includes a corrugated plate (540), the corrugated plate (540) includes at least one corrugated portion (541), the corrugated portion (541) protrudes toward one side of the housing (100) in the first direction (Z), and the corrugated portion (541) is fixed to the housing (100), and the vent (501) passes through the corrugated plate (540) along the first direction (Z).

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The single cell also has a second direction (X) perpendicular to the first direction (Z), and the corrugated portion (541) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple corrugated portions (541) are connected together in series along the second direction (X); the corrugated plate (540) also includes multiple reinforcing ribs (542), the reinforcing ribs (542) extend along the second direction (X), the reinforcing ribs (542) connect one of the corrugated portions (541), or the reinforcing ribs (542) connect two adjacent corrugated portions (541).

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The single cell also has a third direction (Y), and the third direction (Y), the first direction (Z), and the second direction (X) are perpendicular to each other; multiple reinforcing ribs (542) are provided, and the multiple reinforcing ribs (542) are spaced apart along the third direction (Y).

9. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer plate (500) is a foam metal plate bonded to the housing (100); or, the single cell also includes a second direction (X) perpendicular to the first direction (Z), the buffer plate (500) includes a plurality of support units (550), the plurality of support units (550) are connected in series along the second direction (X), the support unit (550) has a second through hole (504), and in the first direction (Z), the second through hole (504) of the support unit (550) corresponding to the position of the explosion-proof valve (400) forms the vent hole (501) penetrating the buffer plate (500).

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Multiple single-cell batteries as described in any one of claims 1-9; and The housing contains multiple individual battery cells.

Images