A crusher

Abstract

This utility model discloses a crusher, belonging to the field of crushing equipment. A top sealing cover is bolted to the upper end of the crusher casing. A material conveying pipe is installed on the side wall of the top sealing cover. A first drive shaft and a second drive shaft are sequentially installed on the side wall of the crusher casing from bottom to top. A first gear and a second gear are respectively connected to the ends of the first and second drive shafts, achieving connection through the first and second gears. A first crushing and grinding wheel is installed on the shaft of the first drive shaft, and a second crushing and grinding wheel is installed on the shaft of the second drive shaft. This crusher, through the precise dual-stage design of the crushing and grinding system, the forced synchronization and power guarantee of the transmission system, and the controllability and sealing design of the material feeding and discharging mechanism, achieves a high degree of synergy among these three elements, ultimately realizing comprehensive superior performance in terms of high-efficiency crushing, controllable particle size, stable operation, flexible operation, and environmental friendliness, significantly improving the practical value and economy of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crushing equipment, and in particular to a crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Crushers, as a key piece of equipment, are widely used in various industries such as mining, metallurgy, building materials, chemicals, and ceramics. Their main function is to crush (reduce size) and / or grind (reduce particle size) large solid materials through mechanical force to form finer particles or powders to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processing, transportation, use, or specific products.

[0003] In practical applications, although equipment that uses compression / pressurization as the main crushing principle (such as jaw crushers, cone crushers, and some roller crushers) has advantages such as robust structure, large processing capacity, and suitability for hard materials, it has significant limitations when pursuing high fineness (i.e., powdery, concentrated and fine particle size distribution) final products.

[0004] Extrusion causes materials to tend to fracture along their weakest internal planes (such as cleavage planes or fissures). This fracture pattern easily produces plate-like or needle-like particles, rather than ideal cubic or spherical particles. When plate-like / needle-like particles are packed together, the porosity is high, resulting in a lower apparent density (loose packing density, tapped density) of the powder, exhibiting "loose" and "not dense" characteristics. This contradicts the requirement of "high fine density" (small particles, regular shape, and dense packing).

[0005] Extrusion crushing is a "one-off" or "limited-cycle" fracturing process. Material typically undergoes only one or a few major extrusion events within the crushing chamber before reaching discharge size and being discharged. This mechanism lacks the continuous, repeated grinding action to further refine the already crushed particles. Therefore, while the output material contains some fine powder, the proportion of intermediate-sized particles ("sharp bits") is relatively large, and a small amount of insufficiently crushed, larger particles may also remain. The overall particle size distribution is wide (large D90 / D10 ratio), and the proportion of fine powder (especially micron-sized fine powder) is low, making it difficult to meet the requirements for high fineness. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a crusher that can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A crusher includes a crusher shell and a discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is located at the lower end of the crusher shell and the material is discharged through the discharge pipe. A crushing chamber is provided at the upper end of the crusher shell for storing materials.

[0009] The upper end of the crusher casing is bolted to a top sealing cover, and a material conveying pipe is installed on the side wall of the top sealing cover. A first drive shaft and a second drive shaft are installed sequentially from bottom to top on the side wall of the crusher casing. The ends of the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are respectively connected to a first gear and a second gear, and are connected through the first gear and the second gear. A first crushing and grinding wheel is installed on the shaft of the first drive shaft, and a second crushing and grinding wheel is installed on the shaft of the second drive shaft.

[0010] The crushing chamber wall is equipped with a first stop and a second stop in sequence from bottom to top. The first crushing and grinding wheel is located on the first stop and the second crushing and grinding wheel is located on the second stop. The other end of the first drive shaft is connected to a servo motor through a reducer. The rotation of the first crushing and grinding wheel and the second crushing and grinding wheel is realized through the servo motor and the reducer, thereby realizing the crushing and grinding operation of the material.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of this application, the conveying pipe is installed at an inclination on the top sealing cover, the inclination range of the conveying pipe is 15 degrees to 60 degrees, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe and the top sealing cover, and a valve is installed on the conveying pipe;

[0012] In an optional embodiment of this application, the crusher casing and the discharge pipe are welded and fixed, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the crusher casing and the top sealing cover. A valve is installed on the discharge pipe. The first stop and the second stop are fixed to the crusher casing by bolts.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are mounted on the crusher housing via bearing assemblies and bolts, the first drive shaft is fixed to the first gear by bolts, and the second drive shaft is fixed to the second gear by bolts;

[0014] In an optional embodiment of this application, the output end of the reducer is connected to the first transmission shaft by bolts, the output end of the servo motor is connected to the reducer, and the front end of the servo motor is provided with a retaining ring, on which mounting screw holes are provided;

[0015] In an optional embodiment of this application, the inner walls of the first and second stops are arc-shaped, the first crushing and grinding wheel is adapted to the first stop, and the second crushing and grinding wheel is adapted to the second stop, so that the material passes through the crushing and grinding wheel and the stop to achieve crushing and grinding operation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The material passes sequentially through the precise arc-shaped gap formed by the second crushing and grinding wheel / stop (coarse crushing stage) and the first crushing and grinding wheel / stop (fine crushing stage). This two-stage series design achieves progressive crushing and grinding of the material, significantly improving overall processing efficiency. The crushing and grinding wheels are precisely fitted to the arc-shaped inner walls of the corresponding stops, forming a narrow, shape-fitting grinding zone. Within this zone, the material is subjected to intense compression, shearing, and grinding forces, ensuring that the material is thoroughly and uniformly pulverized. The dual-stage structure and the precisely fitted grinding interface work together to effectively control the particle size distribution of the final product, meeting the requirements of applications with high fineness requirements.

[0018] The servo motor drives the first drive shaft through a reducer, and then drives the second drive shaft synchronously through the meshing first and second gears. This design ensures that the two-stage crushing and grinding wheels have constant speed and precise direction of rotation (usually in opposite directions to enhance the shearing effect), avoiding efficiency loss or equipment vibration caused by speed differences or asynchrony.

[0019] Controllable feeding (material infeed / outfeed mechanism) combined with precise, synchronized two-stage high-power crushing and grinding (crushing and grinding system + transmission system) achieves high processing efficiency and high-quality, uniform crushed and ground products. The inclined feeding design, adjustable feed and discharge rates, and powerful servo drive + reduction + gear transmission system enable this equipment to adapt to the processing needs of materials with different characteristics (hardness, viscosity, particle size). Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The diagram shows the crushing and grinding wheel, drive shaft, gears, and servo motor of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the drive shaft, gear, and crushing / grinding wheel of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Crusher casing; 2. Top sealing cover; 3. Conveying pipe; 4. Servo motor; 5. Reducer; 6. Crushing chamber; 7. First drive shaft; 8. First gear; 9. Second drive shaft; 10. Second gear; 11. First crushing and grinding wheel; 12. First stop; 13. Second stop; 14. Second crushing and grinding wheel; 15. Discharge pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a crusher has a structure including a crusher shell 1 and a discharge pipe 15.

[0027] The crusher casing 1 forms the main frame of the equipment, and the crushing chamber 6 is opened at its upper end, which serves as the core chamber for material storage and crushing and grinding operations.

[0028] The discharge pipe 15 is securely welded to the lower end of the crusher casing 1, forming the final outlet path for the material. The crushed and ground material is discharged in an orderly manner through the discharge pipe 15. To ensure the sealing of the connection and prevent dust leakage, a sealing ring is installed at the connection between the crusher casing 1 and the discharge pipe 15. A valve is installed on the discharge pipe 15 to control the material discharge speed and its start / stop.

[0029] The upper end of the crusher casing 1 is fixed to the top sealing cover 2 by bolts, forming a closed top structure of the crushing chamber 6. A sealing ring is also provided at the connection point to effectively ensure the overall sealing of the crushing chamber 6 and prevent dust leakage and foreign matter entry.

[0030] The conveying pipe 3 is installed at an angle on the side wall of the top sealing cover 2, serving as the inlet channel for materials to enter the crushing chamber 6. Its inclination angle is designed within the range of 15 to 60 degrees to accommodate different material characteristics and conveying requirements. To ensure a seal at the inlet, a sealing ring is also installed at the connection between the conveying pipe 3 and the top sealing cover 2. Valves are also installed on the conveying pipe 3 to precisely control the material feed rate.

[0031] On the side wall of the crusher casing 1, a first drive shaft 7 and a second drive shaft 9 are installed sequentially from bottom to top. Both shafts are supported by bearing assemblies and reliably mounted on the casing with bolts to ensure smooth operation.

[0032] The end of the first drive shaft 7 is fixedly connected to the first gear 8 by bolts.

[0033] The end of the second drive shaft 9 is also fixedly connected to the second gear 10 by bolts.

[0034] The first gear 8 and the second gear 10 mesh with each other to form a transmission connection. This allows power to be transmitted from the first drive shaft 7 to the second drive shaft 9, driving the two crushing and grinding wheels to work together.

[0035] The servo motor 4 serves as the core power source, and its output end is connected to the input end of the reducer 5. The output end of the reducer 5 is then securely connected to the other end of the first transmission shaft 7, which is opposite to the gear end, via bolts.

[0036] The front output shaft of the servo motor 4 is equipped with a retaining ring, and the retaining ring has a mounting screw hole to facilitate the fixing and positioning of the motor.

[0037] Power is provided by servo motor 4, and after speed adjustment and torque amplification by reducer 5, it drives the first drive shaft 7 to rotate. The first drive shaft 7 drives the second drive shaft 9 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 8 and the second gear 10.

[0038] The first crushing and grinding wheel 11 is fixedly installed on the shaft of the first drive shaft 7.

[0039] The second crushing and grinding wheel 14 is fixedly installed on the shaft of the second drive shaft 9.

[0040] On the inner wall of the crushing chamber 6, a first stop 12 and a second stop 13 are fixed in sequence from bottom to top by bolts.

[0041] The first crushing and grinding wheel 11 is located on the first stop 12 and cooperates with it.

[0042] The second crushing and grinding wheel 14 is located on and cooperates with the second stop 13.

[0043] The inner walls of both the first stop 12 and the second stop 13 are designed in an arc shape. This arc shape precisely matches the shape of the corresponding first crushing and grinding wheel 11 and the second crushing and grinding wheel 14. When the material flows from top to bottom in the crushing chamber 6, it first enters the gap formed by the second crushing and grinding wheel 14 and the second stop 13 for initial crushing / grinding, and then enters the gap formed by the first crushing and grinding wheel 11 and the first stop 12 for further fine crushing / grinding. It is precisely when the material passes through the narrow and shape-fitting gaps between these rotating crushing and grinding wheels and the fixed arc-shaped stops that it is subjected to strong compression, shearing, and grinding forces, thereby achieving efficient and controllable crushing and grinding operations. This two-stage design is conducive to obtaining a more uniform and finer-grained final product.

[0044] Material enters the crushing chamber 6 through the inclined conveying pipe 3. A servo motor 4 drives the first transmission shaft 7 to rotate via a reducer 5, which in turn drives the second transmission shaft 9 in the opposite or same direction, depending on the gear design, through the meshing first gear 8 and second gear 10. The first crushing and grinding wheel 11 and the second crushing and grinding wheel 14, fixed to the shaft, rotate at high speed accordingly. Under the influence of gravity, the material passes sequentially through the matching arc-shaped gaps between the second crushing and grinding wheel 14 and the second stop 13, and between the first crushing and grinding wheel 11 and the first stop 12, undergoing multi-stage crushing and grinding. Finally, the crushed and ground material is discharged from the bottom discharge pipe 15.

[0045] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A crusher, comprising a crusher shell (1) and a discharge pipe (15), wherein the discharge pipe (15) is located at the lower end of the crusher shell (1) and material is discharged through the discharge pipe (15), and a crushing chamber (6) is provided at the upper end of the crusher shell (1) for storing material, characterized in that: The upper end of the crusher shell (1) is connected to a top sealing cover (2) by bolts, and a material conveying pipe (3) is installed on the side wall of the top sealing cover (2). The side wall of the crusher shell (1) is sequentially equipped with a first drive shaft (7) and a second drive shaft (9) from bottom to top. The ends of the first drive shaft (7) and the second drive shaft (9) are respectively connected to a first gear (8) and a second gear (10), and are connected through the first gear (8) and the second gear (10). A first crushing and grinding wheel (11) is installed on the shaft of the first drive shaft (7), and a second crushing and grinding wheel (14) is installed on the shaft of the second drive shaft (9). The crushing chamber (6) has a first stop (12) and a second stop (13) installed on its walls from bottom to top. The first crushing and grinding wheel (11) is located on the first stop (12), and the second crushing and grinding wheel (14) is located on the second stop (13). The other end of the first drive shaft (7) is connected to a servo motor (4) through a reducer (5). The rotation of the first crushing and grinding wheel (11) and the second crushing and grinding wheel (14) is realized through the servo motor (4) and the reducer (5), thereby realizing the crushing and grinding operation of the material.

2. A crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The conveying pipe (3) is installed at an inclination on the top sealing cover (2). The inclination range of the conveying pipe (3) is 15 to 60 degrees. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe (3) and the top sealing cover (2). A valve is installed on the conveying pipe (3).

3. A crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crusher shell (1) and the discharge pipe (15) are welded and fixed, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the crusher shell (1) and the top sealing cover (2). A valve is installed on the discharge pipe (15). The first stop (12) and the second stop (13) are fixed to the crusher shell (1) by bolts.

4. A crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first drive shaft (7) and the second drive shaft (9) are mounted on the crusher housing (1) by bearing assembly and bolts. The first drive shaft (7) is fixed to the first gear (8) by bolts, and the second drive shaft (9) is fixed to the second gear (10) by bolts.

5. A crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the reducer (5) is connected to the first transmission shaft (7) by bolts, and the output end of the servo motor (4) is connected to the reducer (5). The front end of the servo motor (4) is provided with a retaining ring, and the retaining ring is provided with mounting screw holes.

6. A crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner walls of the first stop (12) and the second stop (13) are arc-shaped. The first crushing and grinding wheel (11) is adapted to the first stop (12), and the second crushing and grinding wheel (14) is adapted to the second stop (13). The material passes through the crushing and grinding wheel and the stop to achieve crushing and grinding operation.

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