Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. In ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) technology, in a padding manner, first information received by an A-IoT device includes padding information, and second information included in the first information carries a payload, so that when the transmission duration of the second information is not an integer multiple of an OFDM symbol, a first signal carrying the first information is aligned with n OFDM symbols in time domain, that is, the transmission duration of the first information including the second information and the padding information can reach an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol, then there is no gap between the transmission end time of the first information and the starting time of timing that uses the OFDM symbol as a unit, and thus, when a second device starts timing from the starting time of timing that uses the OFDM symbol as the unit, the timing is accurate, thereby accurately determining whether transmission is anomalous, and ensuring the reliability of communication.

Description

Communication method and communication apparatus

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202411389937.2, filed on September 30, 2024, and entitled "Communication method and communication apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly, to a communication method and a communication apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] With the development of communication technology, in order to save the power consumption of terminal devices, it is proposed to introduce Internet of Things technology into mobile communication network systems, for example, ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) technology. In A-IoT technology, a reader (for example, a base station) can send downlink (DL) information to a tag (for example, an A-IoT device), and the reader needs to start timing at the end of the transmission of the downlink information to determine whether there is an abnormality in the transmission.

[0004] However, in existing communication networks, for example, in NR, the minimum time unit is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and the base station is timed in units of OFDM symbols. However, the actual transmission time of the downlink information is not an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol, which will cause a gap between the timing start time after the reader sends the downlink information and the end time of the actual transmission of the downlink information, resulting in inaccurate timing. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can accurately time.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, applied to a first device, the first device being an ambient Internet of Things device, comprising: receiving first information from a second device, the first information comprising second information and padding information, the second information comprising a payload; obtaining the second information from the first information.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, in the A-IoT technology, the first information received by the environmental Internet of Things device can include padding information, and the second information carries a payload, so that when the transmission duration of the second information is not an integer multiple of an OFDM symbol, the transmission duration of the first information including the second information and the padding information can reach an integer multiple of an OFDM symbol. When the minimum timing unit of the second device (for example, a reader (an access network device or a terminal device)) is an OFDM symbol, the transmission duration of the first information can be aligned with the time unit of the OFDM symbol, so that the second device can accurately time when the timing starts from the OFDM symbol.

[0008] In some implementations of the first aspect, the first information is carried in a first signal, and the first signal corresponds to n orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain, where n is a positive integer.

[0009] Based on the above scheme, the first signal carrying the first information is aligned with the n OFDM symbols in the time domain, that is, there is no gap between the end time of the transmission of the first information and the timing start time in the unit of the OFDM symbol. When the minimum timing unit of the second device (for example, a reader (an access network device or a terminal device)) is an OFDM symbol, the reader can accurately time when the timing starts from the timing start time in the unit of the OFDM symbol, so as to accurately determine whether there is an abnormality in the transmission and ensure the reliability of the communication.

[0010] In some implementations of the first aspect, the position of the padding information in the first information is indicated by the second information.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the second information can indicate the position of the padding information in the first information, so that after the first device receives the first information, the position of the padding information can be quickly determined according to the indication of the second information, and the padding information can be removed to obtain the second information.

[0012] In some implementations of the first aspect, the position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

[0013] In some implementations of the first aspect, the padding information is the most significant bit in the first information.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, in the case that the position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information, or in the case that the position of the padding information in the first information is the most significant bit in the first information, the first device parses the information from front to back, and thus the first device can determine the position of the padding information without the indication of the second information, thereby saving overhead.

[0015] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the second information.

[0016] Based on the above scheme, the second information can further indicate the number of bits of the padding information, so that after the first device receives the first information, the first device can quickly determine the number of bits of the padding information according to the indication of the second information, and remove the padding information to obtain the second information.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

[0018] Based on the above scheme, the padding information can further indicate the number of bits of the padding information, so that after the first device receives the first information, the first device can quickly determine the number of bits of the padding information according to the indication of the padding information, and remove the padding information to obtain the second information.

[0019] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of bits of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the second information, and the parameter corresponding to the second information includes at least one of the following: a type of the second information, a number of bits of the second information, a transmission time length corresponding to the second information, a number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, a modulation and coding order corresponding to the second information, a code length corresponding to the second information, a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits corresponding to the second information, a length of a preamble corresponding to the second information, and a length of a post-amble corresponding to the second information.

[0020] Based on the above scheme, the number of bits of the padding information corresponds to the parameter corresponding to the second information, so that after the first device receives the first information, the first device can quickly determine the number of bits of the padding information corresponding to the parameter according to the parameter corresponding to the second information, and remove the padding information to obtain the second information.

[0021] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a sum of the number of bits of the payload and the number of bits of the padding information is less than a first threshold.

[0022] The first threshold is a threshold set in a CRC rule predefined by a protocol.

[0023] Based on the above scheme, the sum of the number of bits of the payload and the number of bits of the padding information is less than the threshold set in the CRC rule of the protocol, so that the method can be adapted to the protocol or standard, and can also be adapted to the current communication standard.

[0024] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the padding information is information processed by a first process, the first process including at least one of encoding and modulation.

[0025] Based on the above scheme, the padding information can be information padded to the second information in the upper layer, so the padding information needs to be encoded and / or modulated, and the padding information is encoded and / or modulated information, which improves the padding method in the upper layer.

[0026] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the padding information includes at least one of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), a preamble, a postamble, a midamble, a calibration sequence, and a digital packet symbol.

[0027] Based on the above scheme, when the second information is encoded and / or modulated, the information after the second information is encoded and / or modulated can include one or more of a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), a preamble, a postamble, a midamble, a calibration sequence, and a digital packet symbol in addition to the second information, and the padding information can be one or more of the CRC, the preamble, the postamble, the midamble, the calibration sequence, and the digital packet symbol, so that after the first device receives the first information, the first device can directly remove one or more of the CRC, the preamble, the postamble, the midamble, the calibration sequence, and the digital packet symbol according to the existing method, without the need for additional information to determine the padding information, so that the first device can quickly obtain the second information, saving the overhead.

[0028] The second aspect provides a communication method applied to a second device, including: generating first information, the first information including second information and padding information, the second information including a payload; and sending the first information to a first device, the first device being an environmental Internet of Things device.

[0029] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first signal corresponds to n orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain, n being a positive integer.

[0030] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, a position of the padding information in the first information is indicated by the second information.

[0031] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

[0032] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the second information.

[0033] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

[0034] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the number of bits of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the second information, the parameter corresponding to the second information including at least one of: a type of the second information, a number of bits of the second information, a transmission duration corresponding to the second information, a number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, a modulation and coding order corresponding to the second information, a code length corresponding to the second information, a number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits corresponding to the second information, a length of a preamble corresponding to the second information, a length of a post-amble corresponding to the second information.

[0035] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, a sum of the number of bits of the payload and the number of bits of the padding information is less than a first threshold.

[0036] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the padding information is first processed information, the first processing including at least one of: encoding, modulation.

[0037] With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the padding information includes at least one of: a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), a preamble, a post-amble, a mid-amble, a calibration sequence, a digital packet symbol.

[0038] The technical effects of the method according to the second aspect and possible designs thereof can refer to the technical effects in the first aspect and possible designs thereof.

[0039] A third aspect provides a communication method, applied to a third device, including: receiving first information from a fourth device, a number of bits of the first information not corresponding to n bytes, n being a positive integer; generating second information, the second information including third information and fourth information, the third information including a payload, the fourth information being reserved bit information and / or padding information, a number of bits of the second information corresponding to n bytes, the second information being information in response to the first information; and sending the second information to the fourth device.

[0040] Based on the above scheme, on the one hand, the first information sent by the third device is not aligned with the integer multiple of bytes, that is, the first information does not include additional information that can make the number of bits of the first information aligned with the integer multiple of bytes, thereby saving the transmission overhead of the third device, reducing the transmission delay of the first information, and improving the transmission efficiency. On the other hand, the second information including the third information and the fourth information is aligned with the integer multiple of bytes, so that the third device and / or the fourth device can process information in byte units, which helps to simplify the processing logic of the third device and / or the fourth device and improve the processing efficiency.

[0041] In some implementations of the third aspect, the position of the fourth information in the second information is indicated by the third information.

[0042] In some implementations of the third aspect, the fourth information is located at the least significant bits of the second information.

[0043] Based on the above scheme, the third information can indicate the position of the fourth information in the second information, so that after the fourth device receives the second information, the position of the fourth information can be quickly determined according to the indication of the second information to obtain the third information. When the position of the fourth information in the second information is located after the third information, or the fourth information is located at the least significant bits of the second information, when the fourth device receives the second information, it only needs to obtain the third information by parsing from front to back, and does not need to parse the fourth information, thereby saving the overhead.

[0044] In some implementations of the third aspect, the number of bits of the fourth information is indicated by the third information.

[0045] Based on the above scheme, the third information or the fourth information can indicate the number of bits of the fourth information, or the number of bits of the fourth information corresponds to the number of bits of the third information, so that after the fourth device receives the second information, the number of bits of the fourth information can be quickly determined according to the indication of the third information or the fourth information or the number of bits of the third information to obtain the third information.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a fourth device and includes: sending first information to a third device, the first information not corresponding to n bytes in bit number, n being a positive integer; and receiving second information from the third device, the second information including third information and fourth information, the third information including a payload, the fourth information being reserved bit information and / or padding information, the second information corresponding to n bytes in bit number, the second information being information in response to the first information.

[0047] In some implementations of the fourth aspect, the fourth information is located after the third information in the second information.

[0048] In some implementations of the fourth aspect, the fourth information is located at the least significant bits of the second information.

[0049] In some implementations of the fourth aspect, the fourth information is located at the least significant bits of the second information.

[0050] The technical effects of the method shown in the fourth aspect and possible designs thereof can refer to the technical effects in the third aspect and possible designs thereof.

[0051] In a fifth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus is configured to implement the first aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof. Specifically, the communication apparatus includes a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program; the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication apparatus implements the first aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof.

[0052] In one implementation form, the communication apparatus is the first device. When the communication apparatus is the first device, the transceiver unit can be a transceiver, or the input / output interface. The processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0053] In another implementation form, the communication apparatus can be a chip, a chip system or a circuit in the first device. In this case, the transceiver unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or related circuit on the chip, the chip system or the circuit; the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0054] In a sixth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the second aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof. Specifically, the communication apparatus comprises a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program; and the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication apparatus performs the second aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof.

[0055] In an implementation form, the communication apparatus is the second device. When the communication apparatus is the second device, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0056] In another implementation form, the communication apparatus can be a chip, a chip system or a circuit in the second device. In this case, the transceiving unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or related circuitry, etc. on the chip, the chip system or the circuit; and the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit or a logic circuit, etc.

[0057] In a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the third aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof. Specifically, the communication apparatus comprises a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program; and the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication apparatus performs the third aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof.

[0058] In an implementation form, the communication apparatus is the third device. When the communication apparatus is the third device, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. The processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0059] In another implementation form, the communication apparatus can be a chip, a chip system or a circuit in the third device. In this case, the transceiving unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or related circuitry, etc. on the chip, the chip system or the circuit; and the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit or a logic circuit, etc.

[0060] In an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus is configured to perform the fourth aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof. Specifically, the communication apparatus comprises a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program; and the processor is configured to invoke and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication apparatus performs the fourth aspect and any of the implementation forms thereof.

[0061] In an implementation, the communication apparatus is a fourth device. When the communication apparatus is the fourth device, the transceiving unit can be a transceiver, or the input / output interface. The processing unit can be at least one processor. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiving circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0062] In another implementation, the communication apparatus can be a chip, a chip system or a circuit in the fourth device. In this case, the transceiving unit can be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin or a related circuit on the chip, the chip system or the circuit; the processing unit can be at least one processor, a processing circuit or a logic circuit, etc.

[0063] In a ninth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fourth aspect is executed.

[0064] In a tenth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided. When the computer program product is executed, the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fourth aspect is executed.

[0065] In an eleventh aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads instructions through the communication interface and executes the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.

[0066] Optionally, as an implementation, the chip further includes a memory. The memory stores a computer program or instructions. The processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions stored on the memory. When the computer program or instructions are executed, the processor is configured to execute the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fourth aspect.

[0067] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes the communication apparatus of the fifth aspect, the communication apparatus of the sixth aspect, the communication apparatus of the seventh aspect and the communication apparatus of the eighth aspect.

[0068] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program is provided. When the computer program is executed, the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first aspect to the fourth aspect is executed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 suitable for use in the present application.

[0070] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 200 suitable for use in the present application.

[0071] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 300 suitable for use in the present application.

[0072] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 400 suitable for use with the present application.

[0073] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an open radio access network (O-RAN) system suitable for use with embodiments of the present application.

[0074] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application framework involving a RIC module under an O-RAN architecture.

[0075] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a flow of an RFID.

[0076] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission time of an R2D TB.

[0077] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication method 900 provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0078] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an information format of R2D information.

[0079] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an information format of first information.

[0080] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a position of padding information determined when padding is performed at a high layer.

[0081] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of three ways of padding performed at a physical layer.

[0082] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a transmission time of a D2R TB.

[0083] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of padding of uplink information.

[0084] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a communication method 1000 provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0085] FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 3000 provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0086] FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 4000 provided by embodiments of the present application.

[0087] FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a chip system 5000 provided by embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] In order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present application, the following points are first explained.

[0089] First, in the present application, “for indicating” can include for directly indicating and for indirectly indicating. When it is described that certain indication information is for indicating A, it can include that the indication information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, and does not mean that A must be carried in the indication information.

[0090] If the information indicated by the indication information is referred to as to-be-indicated information, there are many ways to indicate the to-be-indicated information in the implementation process. For example, but not limited to, the to-be-indicated information can be directly indicated, such as the to-be-indicated information itself or an index of the to-be-indicated information. The to-be-indicated information can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where the other information is associated with the to-be-indicated information. The to-be-indicated information can also be only partially indicated, and the other part of the to-be-indicated information is known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of a specific information can also be implemented by means of the arrangement order of various information agreed in advance (for example, specified by a protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the common part of various information can be identified and uniformly indicated, so as to reduce the indication overhead caused by separately indicating the same information.

[0091] Secondly, in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more (including two). In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, "first", "second", and various numerical numbers (for example, "#1", "#2", and the like) are only used for differentiation for the convenience of description, and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the serial number of each process below does not mean the execution order, and the execution order of each process should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the objects thus described can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so as to be able to describe schemes other than the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, "S910" and the like are only used for identification for the convenience of description, and do not limit the order of execution steps.

[0092] Thirdly, in the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to represent an example, an illustration or an explanation. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. On the contrary, the words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to present the related concept in a specific manner.

[0093] Fourthly, in the embodiments of the present application, "storage" can mean storage in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be separately arranged or integrated in the encoder or decoder, the processor, or the communication device. The one or more memories can be partially separately arranged and partially integrated in the decoder, the processor, or the communication device. The type of the memory can be any form of storage medium, which is not limited in the present application.

[0094] Fifthly, in the embodiments of the present application, "protocol" can refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, can include the NR protocol and the related protocol applied in the future communication system, and the present application does not make any limitation thereon.

[0095] Sixthly, in the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding", "relevant", "corresponding" and "associate" can be mixed sometimes, and it should be pointed out that the meanings expressed are consistent when the distinction is not emphasized.

[0096] Seventhly, in the embodiments of the present application, "in the case of", "when", "if" can be mixed sometimes, and it should be pointed out that the meanings expressed are consistent when the distinction is not emphasized.

[0097] Eighthly, in the embodiments of the present application, the expression " / " is used to represent that the objects before and after the correlation are a kind of "or" relationship; for example, A / B can represent: A or B. The expression "and / or" is used to represent that the objects before and after the correlation can be an associated relationship of and, or an associated relationship of or; for example, A and / or B can represent the following cases: A exists alone, B exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, wherein A, B can be single or multiple. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions are used to represent any combination of the listed items; for example, at least one of A, B and (or) C can represent the following cases: A exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, B and C exist simultaneously, A and C exist simultaneously, A, B and C exist simultaneously, wherein A, B, C can be single or multiple.

[0098] Ninthly, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms "include" and "have" and any variants thereof are intended to cover the inclusions that are not exclusive, for example, a system, product or device containing a series of units does not have to be limited to those units clearly listed, but can include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these products or devices.

[0099] Tenthly, "message", "information" and the like can be used interchangeably in the present application, and the name of the message or information is not limited in any way, as long as the corresponding function can be realized.

[0100] In the present application, “sending” and “receiving” represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, “sending information to XX” can be understood as the destination of the information is XX, and “sending information” can include direct sending or indirect sending through other units or modules. “Receiving information from YY” can be understood as the source of the information is YY, and “receiving information” can include direct receiving from YY or indirectly receiving from YY through other units or modules. In addition to air interface sending or air interface receiving signals realized by network devices or terminal devices at the whole machine level, “sending” can also be understood as the “output” of the chip interface, and “receiving” can also be understood as the “input” of the chip interface. For example, a modem or a system-level chip (such as a system on a chip (SoC) chip or a system in package (SIP) chip, etc.) sends or receives signals. “Sending” or “receiving” can also be performed by device components, such as sending or receiving signals through several parts, modules, chips of a device by using buses, wires or interfaces.

[0101] Eleventh, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. It should also be understood that terms (such as terms defined in common dictionaries) should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0102] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0103] The technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: a 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) system, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, a satellite communication system, a future communication system, or a fusion system of multiple systems, and the like. The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to device to device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine to machine (M2M) communication, machine type communication (MTC), and internet of things (IoT) communication system or other communication systems.

[0104] The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems such as inter-satellite communication and satellite communication. As an example, a satellite communication system includes a satellite base station and a terminal device. The satellite base station provides communication services for the terminal device. The satellite base station can also communicate with a base station. The satellite can act as a base station or a terminal device. Among them, the satellite can refer to a drone, a hot air balloon, a low-orbit satellite, a medium-orbit satellite, a high-orbit satellite, and the like. The satellite can also refer to a non-ground base station or a non-ground device, and the like.

[0105] A device in a communication system can send a signal to another device or receive a signal from another device. The signal can include information, signaling, or data, and the like. The device can also be replaced by an entity, a network entity, a communication device, a mobile device, a network element, a communication module, a node, a communication node, a communication apparatus, and the like. The present disclosure describes the device as an example. For example, the communication system can include at least one terminal device and at least one network device. The network device can send a downlink signal to the terminal device, and / or the terminal device can send an uplink signal to the network device.

[0106] The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application can be a device or module with corresponding communication functions for accessing the above-mentioned communication system. The terminal device can include various devices with wireless communication functions, which can be used to connect people, things, machines, etc. The terminal device can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, D2D, V2X, peer to peer, M2M, MTC, IoT, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, remote medical treatment, smart power grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city UAV, robot, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery, etc. The terminal device can be a terminal in any of the above scenarios, such as an MTC terminal, an IoT terminal, etc. The terminal device can be a user equipment (UE) of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard, a terminal, a fixed device, a mobile station device or a mobile device, a subscriber unit, a handset, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a wireless modem, a handset, a laptop computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a smart book, a vehicle, a satellite, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a target tracking device, an aircraft (such as a drone, a helicopter, a multi-copter, a quad-copter, or an airplane, etc.), a ship, a remote control device, a smart home device, an industrial device, a transport vehicle with wireless communication function, a communication module, a road side unit (RSU) with terminal function, or a device built-in the above-mentioned device (such as a communication module, a modem or a chip in the above-mentioned device, etc.), or other processing devices connected to the wireless modem. For the convenience of description, the terminal device will be described as an example of a terminal or UE hereinafter.

[0107] It should be understood that in some scenarios, the UE can also be used as a base station. For example, the UE can act as a scheduling entity that provides sidelink signals between UEs in V2X, D2D, etc. scenarios.

[0108] In an embodiment of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal device, or an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the function, for example, a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal device or used in matching with the terminal device. In an embodiment of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. In the present application, only the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device is taken as an example for description, and the present application is not limited in this regard.

[0109] The network device in an embodiment of the present application can be a device or module with corresponding communication function. The network device can be a device for communicating with the terminal device, which can also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device, for example, the network device can be a base station. The network device in an embodiment of the present application can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) for accessing the terminal device to a wireless network. The base station can broadly cover various names in the following or be replaced by the following names, such as: Node B (NodeB), evolved Node B (eNB), next generation Node B (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmission point, primary station, secondary station, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node or the like, or a combination thereof. The base station can also refer to a communication module, modem or chip used in the above-mentioned devices or apparatuses. The base station can also be a mobile switching center, a device assuming the function of a base station in D2D, V2X, M2M communication, a device assuming the function of a base station in future communication systems, etc. The base station can support the same or different access technology networks. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form of the network device.

[0110] A base station can be fixed, or mobile. For example, a helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle can be configured to function as a mobile base station, one or more cells can move according to the location of the mobile base station. In other examples, a helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle can be configured to function as a device that communicates with another base station.

[0111] In some deployments, the network device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be a device including a CU, or a DU, or a device including a CU and a DU, or a control plane CU node (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and a user plane CU node (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and a DU node. For example, the network device can include a gNB-CU-CP, a gNB-CU-UP and a gNB-DU.

[0112] In some deployments, a plurality of RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal to implement wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of a base station. For example, the RAN node can be a CU, a DU, a CU-CP, a CU-UP, or an RU, etc. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can also be included in the same network element, for example, in a BBU. The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, for example, included in an RRU, an AAU or an RRH.

[0113] In some deployments, the CU is a logical node that hosts the radio resource control (RRC) layer, service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and other control functions of the access network device. The CU connects with network nodes such as a core network over some interfaces, which can be an E2 interface or the like. Optionally, the CU has some functionality of the core network. The CU (e.g., PDCP layer and higher) connects with the DU (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer and lower) over some interfaces, which can be an Fl interface or the like. In some examples, the interfaces (e.g., Fl interface) can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transfer, etc.). The Fl application protocol (FlAP) is an application protocol for the Fl interface, which defines, in some examples, signaling procedures for the Fl. The Fl interface supports a control plane (Fl control plane, Fl-C), a user plane (Fl user plane, Fl-U).

[0114] In some deployments, a CU can be split into a CU-CP and a CU-UP. The CU-CP is a logical node that carries the control plane part of PDCP (PDCP-C) layer and RRC layer, and is used to implement the control plane function of the CU. The CU-CP can interact with a network element in the core network that is used to implement the control plane function. The network element in the core network that is used to implement the control plane function can be an access and mobility function network element. The CU-UP is a logical node that carries the user plane part of PDCP (PDCP-U) layer and SDAP layer, and is used to implement the user plane function of the CU. The CU-UP can interact with a network element in the core network that is used to implement the user plane function. The network element in the core network that is used to implement the user plane function. The above configurations of the CU and the DU are merely examples, and the CU and the DU can have other functions according to needs. For example, the CU or the DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or the CU or the DU can be configured to have partial processing functions of the protocol layers. For example, partial functions of the RLC layer and functions of the protocol layers above the RLC layer are arranged in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and functions of the protocol layers below the RLC layer are arranged in the DU. For another example, the functions of the CU or the DU can be divided according to service types or other system requirements. For example, functions that need to meet a relatively short delay requirement in processing time are arranged in the DU, and functions that do not need to meet the delay requirement are arranged in the CU.

[0115] In some deployments, a DU is a logical node that carries an RLC layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a higher physical (Higher PHY) layer, and other functions. In some examples, a DU can control at least one RU. The DU is connected to the RU through some interfaces, which can be a front-haul interface. In some examples, the Higher PHY layer includes part of the PHY layer processing, such as forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, and other processing functions.

[0116] In some deployments, a RU is a logical node that hosts lower physical layer (Lower PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing. In some examples, a RU can be a TRP or a RRH or other similar functional entity. In some examples, a Low-PHY includes portions of PHY processing such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT), digital beamforming and filtering, and other processing functions. A RU communicates with one or more UEs over a wireless link.

[0117] A DU and a RU can or can not be co-located. A DU and a RU exchange control plane and user plane information over a fronthaul link via a lower-layer split-control, user and synchronization (LLS-CUS) interface. The LLS-CUS can include interfaces and interfaces that provide control plane and user plane, respectively. In some examples, the control plane refers to real-time control between a DU and a RU. A DU and a RU have an interface of a fronthaul link (e.g., referred to as a LLS-M interface) to exchange management information, and the management plane (M-Plane) refers to non-real-time management operations between a DU and a RU.

[0118] A DU and a RU can cooperate to collectively implement the functionality of a PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functionality that a DU and a RU have can be configured in multiple ways according to design. For example, a DU is configured to implement baseband functionality and a RU is configured to implement mid- RF functionality. As another example, a DU is configured to implement high-layer functionality in a PHY layer and a RU is configured to implement low-layer functionality in the PHY layer or to implement the low-layer functionality and RF functionality. The high-layer functionality in a PHY layer can include a portion of functionality of a PHY layer that is closer to a MAC layer, and the low-layer functionality in a PHY layer can include another portion of functionality of a PHY layer that is closer to a mid-RF side.

[0119] In one possible design, a processing unit in a BBU that implements baseband functionality is referred to as a base band high (BBH) unit, and a processing unit in a RRU / AAU / RRH that implements baseband functionality is referred to as a base band low (BBL) unit.

[0120] The CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names in different systems, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, the radio access network can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture, in which the CU can also be referred to as an open CU (O-CU), the DU can also be referred to as an open DU (O-DU), the CU-CP can also be referred to as an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP), the CU-UP can also be referred to as an open CU-UP (O-CU-UP), and the RU can also be referred to as an open RU (O-RU). Any of the CUs (or CU-CPs, CU-UPs), DUs and RUs in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0121] In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device, or a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system or a chip or a circuit or a communication module (i.e., a communication module performing a communication function), which can be installed in the network device. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices. In addition, program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions can also be configured in the device. In the embodiments of the present application, only the device for implementing the function of the network device is taken as an example for description, and the scheme of the embodiments of the present application is not limited.

[0122] The network device and the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water; and can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the scenarios in which the network device and the terminal device are located. In addition, the terminal device and the network device can be hardware devices, or software functions running on special-purpose hardware, software functions running on general-purpose hardware, such as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities including special-purpose or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. The specific forms of the terminal device and the network device are not limited in the present application.

[0123] First, a communication system suitable for the embodiments of the present application is briefly introduced as follows.

[0124] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 applicable to the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system includes a network device 110 and an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) terminal 120. Wherein, the network device 110 and the A-IoT terminal 120 directly communicate with each other. The communication between the network device 110 and the A-IoT terminal 120 includes ambient Internet of Things data and / or signaling. That is, the network device 110 sends downlink data and / or signaling to the A-IoT terminal 120, and the A-IoT terminal 120 sends uplink data and / or signaling to the network device 110. It can also be understood that the network device 110 and the A-IoT terminal 120 transmit uplink and downlink data and / or signaling.

[0125] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 200 applicable to the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication system includes a network device 210, an intermediate node 220, and an A-IoT terminal 230. Wherein, the network device 210 and the A-IoT terminal 230 respectively communicate with the intermediate node 220. For example, the network device 210 communicates with the intermediate node 220, and then the intermediate node 220 communicates with the A-IoT terminal 120. That is, the network device 210 and the intermediate node 220 transmit uplink and downlink data and / or signaling, and the intermediate node 220 and the A-IoT terminal 120 transmit uplink and downlink data and / or signaling. In the embodiments of the present application, the intermediate node 220 can be a repeater, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, etc.

[0126] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 300 applicable to the present application. As shown in FIG. 3(a) and (b), the communication system includes a network device 310, an auxiliary node 320, and an A-IoT terminal 330. In FIG. 3(a), the A-IoT terminal 330 sends data and / or signaling to the network device 310, the network device 310 sends data and / or signaling to the auxiliary node 320 through a Uu interface, and then the A-IoT terminal 330 receives data and / or signaling from the auxiliary node 320. In FIG. 3(b), the A-IoT terminal 330 receives data and / or signaling sent by the network device 310, and sends data and / or signaling to the auxiliary node 320, and then the network device 310 receives data and / or signaling from the auxiliary node 320 through the Uu interface. In the embodiments of the present application, the auxiliary node 320 can be a repeater, an IAB node, a UE, etc.

[0127] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 400 applicable to the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the communication system includes a terminal device 410 and an A-IoT terminal 420. Wherein, the terminal device 410 and the A-IoT terminal 420 perform bidirectional communication. The communication between the terminal device 410 and the A-IoT terminal 420 includes environmental IoT data and / or signaling. That is, the terminal device 410 transmits downlink data and / or signaling to the A-IoT terminal 420, and the A-IoT terminal 420 transmits uplink data and / or signaling to the terminal device 410. It can also be understood that the terminal device 410 and the A-IoT terminal 420 transmit uplink and downlink data and / or signaling.

[0128] It should be noted that FIGS. 1-4 are only schematic diagrams. The communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application can also include other devices, such as core network devices, wireless relay devices, and / or wireless backhaul devices, etc., which are not shown in FIGS. 1-4.

[0129] The embodiments of the application can also be applied to an open RAN (O-RAN) system architecture.

[0130] As shown in FIG. 5, the O-RAN system can include a core network (CN) device, an access network device, and a terminal device. The access network device communicates with the core network device through a backhaul link and communicates with the terminal device through an air interface. Illustratively, the BBU in the access network device communicates with the core network device through the backhaul link, and the RU in the access network device communicates with the terminal device through the air interface. The BBU communicates with at least one RU through a fronthaul link. The BBU and the RU can be co-located or not co-located. The BBU includes at least one CU and at least one DU. The CU and the DU can communicate through at least one midhaul link.

[0131] FIG. 5 is only a schematic diagram. The wireless communication system can also include other devices, which are not shown in FIG. 5.

[0132] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application framework involving a RIC module under the O-RAN architecture. As shown in FIG. 6, the communication system includes a RAN intelligent controller (RIC). The RIC includes a near-real time RIC (near-RT RIC) and a non-real time RIC (Non-RT RIC). Wherein, the non-real time RIC mainly processes non-real time information, such as data that is not sensitive to latency, which can be seconds. The real-time RIC mainly processes near-real-time information, such as data that is relatively sensitive to latency, which is tens of milliseconds.

[0133] The near real-time RIC and the non-real-time RIC can also be separately set as a network element. Alternatively, the near real-time RIC and the non-real-time RIC can also be part of other devices, for example, the near real-time RIC is set in the RAN node (for example, in the CU or the DU), and the non-real-time RIC is set in the OAM, the cloud server, the core network device, or other network devices.

[0134] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, some related technologies involved in the technical solutions of the present application are introduced as follows.

[0135] 1. Passive radio frequency identification (RFID):

[0136] An RFID system includes an interrogator and a tag, and the interrogator and the tag device perform non-contact data communication. The interrogator can read out the information in the tag device, or write the information required to be stored in the tag device into the tag device. The tag device has a simple function and needs to rely on the excitation of the interrogator to send information, that is, the tag device converts the wireless signal emitted by the interrogator into energy, and uses the energy to drive itself to work. The interrogator can interact with the electronic tag to manage the electronic tag. The RFID technology can be used for target identification. The main application scenario of RFID is identity recognition, and further can be used for data reading and writing. If the RFID is applied to a mobile communication system, for example, applied to a 5G system, the base station can serve as an interrogator to realize the function of the interrogator.

[0137] The main application scenario of RFID is identity recognition, and can also be used for data reading and writing. The tag has the following characteristics:

[0138] 1) The tag design is simple, for example, the application layer and the air interface signaling are mixed together.

[0139] 2) The tag supports micro-watt (μW) or hundreds of micro-watt power consumption, and cannot support complex design and complex measurement.

[0140] 3) When multiple tags communicate, time division multiplexing is used, and multiple tags are read in series. Frequency domain and code domain are not supported, and parallel performance is poor.

[0141] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of RFID. As shown in FIG. 7, the working process of RFID is as follows.

[0142] S710, the reader sends a select signaling to the tag. Accordingly, the tag receives the select signaling from the reader.

[0143] The select signaling is used to select one or a group of tags. Specifically, the reader sets the state of a certain session of the inventory flag by the select signaling for the tags meeting the selection condition and / or not meeting the selection condition.

[0144] For example, the inventory flag can have four independent sessions, namely session 0 (S0), session 1 (S1), session 2 (S2) and session 3 (S3), and the state of each session can be state A or state B. Specifically, the select signaling also carries the inventory session, action and mask fields. The tag selected by the select signaling sets the corresponding flag to the session. Assuming that the inventory session selects S0, action = 0, and mask matches, the tag sets the flag of S0 to A, i.e. performs initial flag setting.

[0145] Each flag corresponds to a session, and the inventory session specifies which session flag to set. The action specifies how to set, such as action = 1 or 0. If the tag receives the select signaling and the mask matches, the tag sets the session flag to A (action = 1) or B (action = 0). The mask is used to filter which tags are selected, such as tags storing a complete 96-bit identifier. The mask can indicate that the first 16 bits of the tag are 111…111. If the mask matches, the tag can further set the action and further listen to the subsequent query (Query) command.

[0146] Optionally, the above-mentioned select signaling can also be a paging (Paging) signaling, which is used to page one or a group of tags.

[0147] S720, the reader sends a Query command to the tag. Accordingly, the tag receives the Query command from the reader.

[0148] The Query command carries the value of parameter Q, session and inventory flag. Assuming that the session is S0 and the inventory flag is A, when the session and the flag of the tag match, a random number between 0 and 2 Qa value between 0 and 1 as an initial value of a counter. The tag determines whether to feed back a random number (RN) to the reader according to the value of the counter. For example, when the counter = 0, the tag feeds back the RN (for example, RN(16), which is a 16-bit random number) to the reader. When the counter is not 0, the tag does not feed back the RN to the reader, and the reader sends a QueryRep command to the tag when the reader does not receive the RN fed back by the tag within a period of time.

[0149] Specifically, the subsequently executed steps include two cases, case 1 and case 2.

[0150] Case 1: Counter = 0, and specifically includes S721.

[0151] S721: The tag sends a random number to the reader. Correspondingly, the reader receives the random number from the tag.

[0152] The random number (RN) can be a 16-bit random number or an 8-bit random number, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the random number.

[0153] Case 2: The counter is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and specifically includes S722 and S723.

[0154] S722: The reader sends a QueryRep command to the tag. Correspondingly, the tag receives the QueryRep command from the reader.

[0155] The QueryRep command can not carry content, that is, the QueryRep command can not carry the value of the parameter Q, the session, and the inventory flag. The number of times of sending the QueryRep command is determined according to the value of the counter. Specifically, the tag receives the QueryRep command once, and the counter = counter-1. Until the value of the counter is 0, the tag sends the RN to the reader.

[0156] More specifically, the tag can calculate the range of the time slots that can be selected according to the value of the random parameter Q as [0, 2 Q -1], and the tag can randomly select a value in [0, 2 Q -1] to assign to the counter. The tag receives the QueryRep command once, and the count value of the counter is reduced by 1. When the count value of the counter is 0, S723 can be executed.

[0157] Exemplarily, each QueryRep command corresponds to the start or end of an access slot. That is, the tag represents the end of the previous slot and the start of the next slot upon receiving each QueryRep command.

[0158] S723, the tag sends the random number to the reader. Correspondingly, the reader receives the random number from the tag.

[0159] In the above, the tag sends the random number in the access slot randomly selected by the tag when the counter value is 0.

[0160] S730, the reader sends an acknowledgment (ACK) message to the tag. Correspondingly, the tag receives the acknowledgment ACK message from the reader.

[0161] In the above, the reader feeds back an ACK message to the tag when there is no collision, i.e., the reader only receives the RN sent by one tag, after receiving the RN sent by the tag.

[0162] S740, the tag sends uplink data to the reader.

[0163] In the above, the uplink data can be an electronic product code (EPC).

[0164] S750, the reader sends a QueryRep command to the tag again. Correspondingly, the tag receives the QueryRep command from the reader.

[0165] S760, the tag reverses the state of the inventory flag.

[0166] The tag reverses the state of the inventory flag after receiving the QueryRep command, indicating that the data transmission is successful. For example, the state of session 0 is set from state A to state B. The tag reverses the state of the inventory flag to prevent the tag that has been inventoried from being inventoried repeatedly, because the tag with the state of the inventory flag set to B will not respond to the Query command sent subsequently, which carries the flag A.

[0167] The QueryRep command can be used to trigger the tag that has not successfully accessed the reader to access the reader. Specifically, the counter value of the tag corresponding to the counter value that is not 0 is reduced by 1, and the S723 to S760 are repeatedly executed until the counter value is 0, until all tags successfully access the reader.

[0168] 2、A-IoT:

[0169] The A-IoT device in the A-IoT technology includes a network device and a first type of terminal device, or in other words, the A-IoT communication system includes a network device and a first type of terminal device. The first type of terminal device can be a device having the function of an A-IoT terminal device. In this case, the reader / writer and the A-IoT terminal device can be implemented based on the infrastructure in the cellular network. In other words, the reader / writer and the A-IoT terminal device can be devices in the cellular network. For example, the function of the reader / writer can be implemented by a network device, such as a base station. The A-IoT terminal device can be implemented by a terminal in the cellular network, such as an extremely low power consumption, extremely low complexity Internet of Things terminal, i.e., a first type of terminal. Non-contact data communication can be performed between the network device and the first type of terminal, so as to read information from the first type of terminal and / or write information to be stored into the first type of terminal. The A-IoT technology can be used to implement one or more of the following services: inventory, positioning, sensing, and command. Typical application scenarios of the A-IoT technology include logistics, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, identity recognition, and environmental monitoring.

[0170] For example, the inventory service is to access the A-IoT terminal (also referred to as an A-IoT terminal device) in the coverage range by using the reader / writer (for example, a base station or a terminal device). The device that successfully accesses needs to send its unique identifier (the identifier can be recognized by the network, such as EPC in RFID) to the reader / writer. The inventory service can also be referred to as a counting operation. The inventory service can obtain the identification information of the tag. For example, the reader / writer can use the Query and ACK commands to obtain the identification information of the tag. In order to facilitate the counting of the tag, the tag includes four session identifiers, and each session identifier corresponds to two inventory states: A and B. The inventory state is indicated by an inventory flag (sessInventoried flag). When the reader / writer selects a tag, the selection command sent to the tag carries a session identifier, and the tag stores the session identifier. When the reader / writer performs the inventory service on the tag, the query command sent to the tag includes the session identifier, and at this time, the tag can flip the inventory state corresponding to the session identifier from A to B. If the reader / writer sends the query command again to perform the inventory service, since the inventory state in the tag is B, the tag will not respond to the reader / writer, thereby avoiding that the same tag is inventoried multiple times in the same inventory cycle.

[0171] Positioning is to use some positioning signals to position the position of the A-IoT terminal.

[0172] Sensing is that the A-IoT terminal reports sensing data, such as temperature data, to the base station.

[0173] The command can be some operation instruction, such as read, write, kill or lock, etc. Among them, the read service can read the EPC in the memory of the tag, the tag identifier (TID), the content stored in the reserved area of the tag or the content stored in the user storage area, etc. The write service can perform a write operation on the memory of the tag, for example, the network device (for example, the base station) can send a downlink instruction and data, which is used to instruct the A-IoT terminal to write the data into its own memory area. The kill service can make the tag never work. The lock service can lock the information of the tag, which can prevent the read service or the write service from being performed on the tag. Alternatively, the lock service can also lock the storage area, which can prevent or not allow the read service or the write service to be performed on the storage area, for example, the network device can send a downlink instruction, which is used to instruct the A-IoT terminal to lock the address of the storage area, and the content of the storage area cannot be changed and / or read.

[0174] The terminal device in the A-IoT can be divided into three categories: device A, device B and device C.

[0175] 1) device A (similar to a passive tag): no energy storage or some low-capacity energy storage, cannot independently generate an independent signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal.

[0176] 2) device B (similar to a semi-passive tag): has energy storage, for example, has a capacitor energy storage, but cannot independently generate a signal, and uses backscatter to transmit a signal. The stored energy can amplify the reflected signal. Alternatively, the device B stores energy through a battery.

[0177] 3) device C (similar to an active tag): has energy storage, can independently generate a signal, and has an active radio frequency (RF) element for transmission.

[0178] The 3GPP conference further defines the following three categories of A-IoT devices: device 1, device 2a and device 2b.

[0179] 1) device 1: peak power consumption is about 1 μW, has energy storage function, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) reaches 10 XParts per million (ppm), cannot amplify downlink (DL) signal and uplink (UL) signal. Need to obtain carrier signal from outside for backscatter communication to transmit uplink.

[0180] 2) device 2a: peak power consumption less than or equal to a few hundred μW, with energy storage function, initial sampling frequency offset up to 10 X ppm, can amplify DL and / or UL signal. Need to obtain carrier signal from outside for backscatter communication to transmit uplink.

[0181] 3) device 2b: peak power consumption less than or equal to a few hundred μW, with energy storage function, initial sampling frequency offset up to 10 X ppm, can amplify DL and / or UL signal. The device can transmit uplink without relying on externally provided carrier.

[0182] As described above, in the A-IoT technology, the reader (e.g., base station) can send downlink (DL) information / signal / signaling / data (e.g., select signaling, query signaling, queryRep signaling, etc. in the above) to the tag (e.g., A-IoT terminal device), and the communication link for transmitting the downlink information / signal / signaling / data is the reader to device (RD or R2D) downlink.

[0183] Exemplarily, since the reader-writer needs to start timing from the end time of the R2D TB transmission after sending the R2D TB carrying the downlink information / signal / signaling / data (i.e., R2D information / signal / signaling / data) to determine the case that no feedback is received after the elapsed time T_R2D (i.e., when T_R2D exceeds the threshold), it is determined that the transmission is abnormal. However, in NR, the minimum time unit is OFDM symbol, that is, in the base station implementation, the time counting unit is OFDM symbol. The transmission time of the R2D TB may not be an integer multiple of OFDM symbols, as shown in FIG. 8, the actual transmission time of the R2D TB is greater than 2 OFDM symbols and less than 3 OFDM symbols, which is not an integer multiple of OFDM symbols, and the end time of the actual transmission of the R2D TB falls in the third OFDM symbol. As can be seen, there is a gap between the timing start time (for example, the timing start time shown in FIG. 8 in units of OFDM symbols) after the reader-writer sends the R2D TB and the end time of the actual transmission of the R2D TB, which makes the timing inaccurate.

[0184] Therefore, the present application provides a communication method which can accurately time.

[0185] Firstly, the signaling involved in the present application is described below.

[0186] 1. Select signaling: This signaling can also be referred to as paging / (initial) trigger message / indication signaling. This signaling can be used to indicate an A-IOT device to access a reader, such as: when the reader is a base station / access network device, the paging can be used to indicate the device to access the network; when the reader is a terminal device, the paging can be used to indicate the device to access the terminal device, and optionally, the device can access the network through the terminal device. This signaling can also be used to trigger / indicate the device to send uplink data, or to trigger / indicate / request the device to perform a first service, wherein the first service can include at least one of the following: paging service, inventory service, command service (such as read, write, inactivation, lock, etc.), positioning service, sensing service. This signaling can be triggered by a core network element (such as an authentication management function (AMF), or an ambient IoT management function (AIoTMF), an ambient IoT function (AIoTF), etc.), such as the core network element sending a first service request message or a paging message to a network device, wherein the first service can be an inventory service, or a command service, or a positioning service, etc., and the network device confirms the first service (request) message or the paging (request) message.

[0187] 2. Query signaling: also referred to as access round indication / access round trigger signaling. This signaling is used to trigger / indicate at least one access opportunity, such as directly or indirectly indicating the total number of access opportunities, and can also be used to trigger the first access opportunity.

[0188] 3. QueryRep signaling: also referred to as (next) access occasion trigger / access occasion indication. This signaling is used to trigger / indicate the next access opportunity, and can also be understood as indicating / associating with the boundary (start or end) of an access opportunity.

[0189] The access opportunity in the above 2 and 3 can also be described as an access occasion, an access time slot, etc., and each access opportunity can allow the terminal device to send an access (request), and / or contention resolution, and / or data transmission, etc.

[0190] 4. RN signaling: also called random access ID / random ID. This signaling is used for contention resolution, or to distinguish different terminal devices in the random access / contention resolution procedure.

[0191] 5. ACK signaling: also called access ID response, or access response, or contention resolution identity. This signaling is used to indicate whether the contention resolution is successful, and optionally the ACK is used to associate the terminal device (e.g., A-IOT device) by carrying the contention resolution identity. This signaling is used to implement the communication control and management between the UE and the core network.

[0192] 6. EPC signaling: or UL data / device ID.

[0193] The above signaling can be carried in the medium access control (MAC) layer, such as MAC control element (CE) or MAC service data unit (SDU) or MAC protocol data unit (PDU), or the MAC layer can be replaced by the "A-IOT access stratum (AS)".

[0194] The method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments provided by the present application can be applied to the communication system shown in the above figures, without limitation.

[0195] First, the execution subject in the embodiments of the present application is described. As follows:

[0196] In the method 900 of the present application, as an example, the first device is a terminal device, and the second device is a network device. Correspondingly, the communication link between the first device and the second device can be an uplink / downlink communication link. Wherein, the information received by the first device can be DL information / downlink signal / downlink signaling / downlink data, etc., and the information sent by the first device can be uplink information / uplink signal / uplink signaling / uplink data, etc.

[0197] As another example, the first device and the second device can be different terminal devices. Correspondingly, the communication link between the first device and the second device can be a communication link between terminal devices, such as a sidelink.

[0198] As another example, the first device can be an A-IoT device (device can be an implementation example of a terminal device), and the second device can be a reader. Correspondingly, the communication link between the first device and the second device can include a device-to-reader (DR or D2R) link and a reader-to-device (RD or R2D) link.

[0199] In the embodiments of the present application, “uplink” can be replaced by “DR” or “D2R”, and “downlink” can be replaced by “RD” or “R2D”, such as “uplink signaling” can be replaced by “D2R signaling”.

[0200] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a communication method 900 provided by the embodiments of the present application. For ease of description, FIG. 9 exemplarily illustrates the interaction between a first device and a second device. The first device can be replaced by a terminal device or an A-IoT device or a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of an A-IoT device, and the second device can be replaced by a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of a network device, and the second device has the function of a reader. In addition, the steps described below as executed by a single execution subject can also be divided into being executed by multiple execution subjects, which can be logically and / or physically separated. The method 900 shown in FIG. 9 can include the following steps.

[0201] S910, the second device generates first information, the first information including second information and padding information, the second information including a payload.

[0202] In one way, the second device generates a first signal, the first signal being used to carry the first information, or in other words, the first information is carried in the first signal, the first information including second information and padding information, the second information including a payload. The first signal corresponds to / aligns with n OFDM symbols in the time domain, n being a positive integer.

[0203] In one way, the number of bits (or “length”) of the first information corresponds to n bytes, n being a positive integer.

[0204] It should be noted that the first information and the first signal can be any R2D information / signal. Optionally, the information / signal can be replaced by a message. The first information / first signal can be transmitted through a PR2DCH (physical reader-to-device channel) message. The PR2DCH can be other names, which are not limited by the present application.

[0205] It can be understood that the second device obtains the first information by padding the second information, the first information including the second information and padding information, the padding information being information padded to the second information, so that the first signal carrying the first information can be aligned with an integer multiple (i.e., n OFDM symbols) of OFDM symbols in the time domain, or so that the number of bits of the first information can correspond to an integer multiple (i.e., n bytes) of bytes.

[0206] In an example, the second information includes high-layer information, the high-layer information being information that has not been processed by a physical layer (or referred to as "protocol layer processing").

[0207] In a manner, the second information includes at least one of the following: a MAC header, a MAC CE, and a MAC SDU.

[0208] Exemplarily, the second information includes a MAC PDU, the MAC PDU including one or more MAC headers, MAC CEs, and / or MAC SDUs, the MAC CEs and / or the MAC SDUs carrying a payload.

[0209] Exemplarily, the second information includes a MAC CE, or the second information includes a MAC SDU.

[0210] Exemplarily, the second information includes a MAC header and a MAC CE, or the second information includes a MAC header and a MAC SDU.

[0211] It should be noted that the present application is described by taking the MAC layer as an example, but the present application is not limited to the MAC layer, but can also be applied to other high layers, such as an access stratum (AS) layer. The AS layer can be a new AS protocol layer of A-IOT, which can be referred to as an AS layer of A-IOT or other names. Therefore, the second information can also include information of the AS layer of A-IOT, which is not limited in the present application.

[0212] It can be understood that the information of the MAC layer (such as a MAC CE or a MAC SDU) can have a MAC header, each MAC header corresponding to a MAC CE or a MAC SDU or padding.

[0213] It should be noted that the MAC header can also be referred to as a MAC subheader, or other names, which are not limited in the present application.

[0214] In one aspect, the second device performs a first processing on the second information, which can include at least one of encoding and modulation. The first processing can be a physical layer processing or a protocol layer processing.

[0215] It should be noted that the first processing is not limited to encoding and / or modulation, but can also include other physical layer processing, such as adding third information, etc., which is not limited in the present application.

[0216] For the convenience of description, the information added after the first processing of the information to be processed (e.g., the second information; or the second information and the padding information) is referred to as the third information, which includes not only the information to be processed but also the added information.

[0217] For example, when the information to be processed is the second information, the third information is the information added after the first processing of the second information, which can also be understood as the information other than the second information (i.e., the information at the higher layer).

[0218] For another example, when the information to be processed is the second information and the padding information, the third information is the information added after the first processing of the second information and the padding information, which can also be understood as the information other than the second information and the padding information.

[0219] Exemplarily, the third information includes at least one of a preamble, a midamble, a postamble, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), a calibration sequence, and a digital packet delimiter. The midamble can be inserted in the information after the first processing of the second information, the preamble is used to determine the start position of the first information, the postamble is used to determine the end position of the first information, and the calibration sequence can exist alone or as part of the preamble.

[0220] It should be noted that the above only lists the possible cases of the third information by way of example, and the third information is not limited thereto, which is not limited in the present application.

[0221] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an R2D information format, which is the first processed information of the second information. As shown in FIG. 10, the R2D information can include a postamble, a preamble, a MAC PDU, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), wherein the MAC PDU includes one or more MAC CEs and / or MAC SDUs, and the MAC CEs and / or MAC SDUs carry / inclue a payload. The length of the R2D information (i.e., the length of the information in the information format, which can also be referred to as the number of bits of the information) is the sum of the length of the postamble, the length of the preamble, the length of the CRC, and the length of the MAC PDU, and the length of the postamble can be related to the length of the preamble. The MAC PDU is an example of the second information, and the postamble, the preamble, and the CRC are examples of the third information.

[0222] Exemplarily, the second device can employ a Manchester coding manner, and the modulation employs an on-off keying (OOK) modulation manner.

[0223] Exemplarily, the configuration parameters corresponding to the R2D information are shown in Table 1. It can be understood that signaling is a kind of signal used for control instructions in a communication system, and information can be carried in the signaling, such as the R2D signaling in Table 1 for carrying the R2D information.

[0224] Table 1

[0225] Table 1 is an example of the parameters corresponding to the R2D information. As shown in Table 1, the parameters corresponding to the R2D information include: R2D signaling, code length M, scaling factor Rchip, number of subcarriers, preamble length, payload, and transmission time length (referred to as “transmission duration”) of the R2D information in units of microseconds (us) / OFDM symbols. The type of the R2D information, the transmission duration of the R2D information, the code length corresponding to the R2D information, the scaling factor, the number of subcarriers, the preamble length, and the payload are examples of the parameters corresponding to the second information, wherein the number of bits of the payload is an example of the number of bits of the second information. The R2D signaling is an example of the second information.

[0226] In Table 1, the R2D signaling includes Paging, Query, QueryRep, Ack, ReadCommand, WriteCommand, etc.; the code length M corresponding to the R2D information is 2; the scaling factor corresponding to the R2D information is 2, where the scaling factor represents the number of repetitions of each high / low level of the R2D signal used to carry the R2D information, and the high / low level can be used to map bit information; the number of subcarriers corresponding to the R2D information is 48, and the subcarrier spacing (SCS) can be 15 kHz, so the downlink bandwidth = 48 x 15 kHz = 720 kHz.

[0227] It should be noted that the values of the parameters corresponding to the R2D information in the above are only examples, for example, the number of subcarriers can also be 240, etc., and the subcarrier spacing can also be 30 kHz, 60 kHz, etc., without limitation.

[0228] The above gives an exemplary description of the second information and the first processing of the second information. The second device pads the second information in two cases, the first being padding at the high layer and the second being padding at the physical layer.

[0229] It should be noted that the high layer can be understood as any protocol layer above the physical layer, such as the MAC layer, the A-IOT AS layer, etc.

[0230] The first case is padding at the high layer.

[0231] In one way, the first information is obtained by padding the second information at the high layer, and the first information includes the second information and padding information.

[0232] In one way, the padding information is the information after the first processing.

[0233] Specifically, by padding, the transmission duration of the first information is expanded to an integer multiple of OFDM symbols, i.e., the transmission duration of the first information occupies n OFDM symbols.

[0234] Specifically, the second information is high layer information, and padding the second information in the high layer can be adding padding information in the payload included in the second information, which can be some meaningless bytes or data, such as a sequence of consecutive 0s, etc. Therefore, the first information can be high layer information, and at this time the first information includes the second information of the high layer and the padding information, which can not include the MAC header and share the MAC header included in the second information with the second information.

[0235] In one mode, the padding information includes at least one of the following: a MAC SDU, a MAC CE, and a MAC header.

[0236] Specifically, the padding information is also increased high layer information, for example, the padding information includes a MAC SDU and a MAC header; or the padding information includes a MAC CE and a MAC header, etc. It can be understood that the MAC SDU / MAC CE included in the padding information is different from the MAC SDU / MAC CE included in the second information, and is newly added MAC SDU / MAC CE in addition to the MAC SDU / MAC CE included in the second information.

[0237] For example, when the second information includes a MAC CE, then the first information includes the MAC CE and the padding information, and the MAC CE includes a payload.

[0238] In the first case, the information to be processed is the second information and the padding information, and the second device can perform the first processing on the second information and the padding information to obtain the first information. The first information can include not only the second information and the padding information, but also the third information. In this example, the first information is the information obtained after the first processing of the second information and the padding information. In other words, the second information and the padding information are the information after the first processing.

[0239] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an information format of the first information. As shown in FIG. 11, the first information includes a preamble, a MAC header and a MAC CE, padding #1, a CRC, and a postamble. In FIG. 11, the padding is performed at a high layer, and the padding #1 is obtained after the padding of the MAC CE at the high layer. The second device further performs the first processing on the MAC CE and the padding #1, and the information obtained after the first processing of the MAC CE and the padding #1 (i.e., an example of the first information) can further include the preamble, the postamble, and the CRC. The MAC header and the MAC CE are an example of the second information, the padding #1 is an example of the padding information, and the preamble, the postamble, and the CRC are an example of the third information.

[0240] For example, the padding #1 includes at least one of the following: a MAC SDU, a MAC CE, and a MAC header.

[0241] Therefore, the first information is the information obtained after the first processing of the second information and the padding information, and the second information and the padding information are the information after the first processing.

[0242] It should be noted that the first information in the present application can be the second information and the padding information, or information obtained after the second information and the padding information are processed by the first processing, and the first information can further include third information (such as a preamble, a midamble, a postamble, a CRC, etc.) in addition to the second information and the padding information.

[0243] The following describes a manner in which the second device determines the number of bits of the padding information.

[0244] In one manner, the second device determines the number of bits of the padding information according to a first calculation method predefined by a protocol. The first calculation method includes: determining a transmission time length corresponding to the padding information according to the n OFDM symbols and a transmission time length corresponding to the second information; and determining the number of bits of the padding information according to the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information and a number of bits transmitted per unit time, the number of bits transmitted per unit time being determined according to a parameter corresponding to the second information. In other words, the number of bits of the padding information is determined according to the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information and the number of bits transmitted per unit time, the number of bits transmitted per unit time being determined according to the parameter corresponding to the second information; and the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information is determined according to the n OFDM symbols and the transmission time length corresponding to the second information.

[0245] Specifically, the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information = n OFDM symbols - the transmission time length corresponding to the second information, the transmission time length corresponding to the second information being a transmission time length of the third information; and the number of bits of the padding information = the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information * the number of bits transmitted per unit time. The transmission time length is in units of OFDM symbols, the transmission time length corresponding to the second information is not an integer multiple of OFDM symbols, and therefore the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information is also not an integer multiple of OFDM symbols. The number of bits transmitted per unit time can be determined according to the parameter corresponding to the second information. The parameter corresponding to the second information includes: a number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, a modulation order corresponding to the second information, a code length corresponding to the second information, and a scaling factor corresponding to the second information.

[0246] In one manner, the first calculation method further includes: when the sum of the number of bits of the padding information determined by the second device and the number of bits of the payload included in the second information is greater than a first threshold value, changing a CRC strategy, the second device re-determining the number of bits of the padding information according to a new CRC rule, the first threshold value being a threshold value set in the CRC rule predefined by the protocol.

[0247] Exemplarily, when the sum of the determined bit number of the padding information and the bit number of the second information is greater than the first threshold value, the bit number of the CRC is changed, for example, when the first threshold value is 23 bits, the bit number of the CRC is 6 bits, when the sum of the determined bit number of the padding information and the bit number of the second information is greater than 23 bits, the bit number of the CRC (i.e. 6 bits) is modified to 16 bits, and then the second device re-determines the bit number of the padding information according to the modified CRC of 16 bits.

[0248] Exemplarily, the two processing steps of encoding and modulation are referred to as encoding modulation, and the first calculation method is as follows:

[0249] Step 1, the number of symbols N required for transmitting the information after encoding and modulation of the second information = the bit number of the second information after encoding and modulation / the number of subcarriers, the bit number of the second information after encoding and modulation = (code length * Rchip / modulation order) * transport block size (TBS) + Rchip * (preamble + postamble), wherein TBS = MAC original data size + the bit number of the CRC, when the second information includes MAC CE or MAC SDU, the MAC original data size is the bit number of the second information, then TBS = the bit number of the second information + the bit number of the CRC, when the second information includes a payload, TBS = the bit number of the payload + the bit number of the CRC, and exemplarily, the bit number of the CRC is 6 bits.

[0250] Step 2, Δ = cell (N) - N, cell is a rounding up operation.

[0251] Step 3, padding bits = Δ * number of subcarriers * modulation order / (code length * Rchip).

[0252] Step 4, if the MAC original data size + padding bits > CRC threshold value, and the MAC original data size < CRC threshold value, then TBS = MAC original data size + 16, and padding is re-calculated according to steps 1-3.

[0253] In step 1, the number of symbols N required for transmitting the information after encoding and modulation of the second information is an example of the transmission time length corresponding to the second information, Δ in step 2 is an example of the transmission time length corresponding to the padding information, and padding bits in step 3 is an example of the bit number of the padding information, and then the number of subcarriers * modulation order / (code length * Rchip) is an example of calculating the bit number transmitted per unit time.

[0254] Exemplarily, the bit number of the second information is x, the second information is information after Manchester coding and OOK modulation, the code length / repetition number M corresponding to the second information is 2, the chip repetition number / scaling factor Rchip is 2, and the modulation order is 1, so the bit number of the second information after Manchester coding and OOK modulation is 2*2*x / 1=4x bits; and the subcarrier number corresponding to the second information is 48, so the symbol number N required for transmitting the information after coding and modulation of the second information is 4x / 48=x / 12; and the transmission time Δ corresponding to the padding information is [cell(x / 12)-x / 12]; thus the bit number of the padding information is [cell(x / 12)-x / 12]*48*1 / (2*2)=cell(x / 12)*12-x.

[0255] It can be understood that, since the first signal carrying the first information after padding corresponds to n OFDM symbols, when the symbol number of the second information is N in step 2, the first signal can correspond to cell(N) OFDM symbols or m*cell(N) OFDM symbols, m is a positive integer, but using cell(N) in step 2 can make the number of Δs be the smallest, saving the calculation overhead.

[0256] It can also be understood that, in step 4, since the sum of the determined padding bit and the MAC original data size is greater than the CRC threshold, and the MAC original data size is less than the CRC threshold, the bit number of the CRC is modified from the original 6 bits to 16 bits.

[0257] It can be understood from the above that the padding information is padding done at a high layer, so the padding information needs to be processed by a physical layer, and thus the padding information is information after first processing, and when the first processing is coding and modulation, the padding information is information after coding and modulation, so the calculation formula for calculating the bit number of the padding information includes modulation and coding parameters, for example, the modulation order and the code length in step 3.

[0258] Exemplarily, the rule of the CRC can be: when the MAC original data size is less than the CRC threshold, TBS=MAC original data size+6(CRC bit number); otherwise, TBS=MAC original data size+16(modified CRC bit number). The MAC original data size is an example of the bit number of the second information.

[0259] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the number of CRC bits, which can be 6 bits or 16 bits as described above, or can be 0 in the case where the MAC original data size is less than the CRC threshold value, or can be other bit numbers, etc. In the case where the MAC original data size is not less than the CRC threshold value, the number of CRC bits can also be other values in addition to 16. In addition, the CRC rule in the present application can also not set the CRC threshold value, i.e. the above step 4 does not need to be judged, and the number of CRC bits can not change, and there is only one bit number selection for the CRC, which is not limited by the present application.

[0260] In the first case, the second device can determine that the position of the padding information is before the second information or after the second information.

[0261] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the position of the padding information determined when padding is done at a high layer. As shown in FIG. 12, since the padding is done at a high layer (e.g. a MAC layer), the padding information can also have a MAC header as a MAC CE. In mode 1, the MAC header and the information format position of padding #1 are after the MAC header and the MAC SDU, and the MAC header can be used to indicate the starting position of padding #1. In mode 2, the MAC header and the information format position of padding #1 are before the MAC header and the MAC SDU. The MAC header and the MAC SDU are an example of the second information, and the MAC header and padding #1 are an example of the padding information.

[0262] The second case is padding done at a physical layer.

[0263] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of three modes of padding done at a physical layer.

[0264] In mode 1, the second device performs first processing and padding on the second information at a physical layer to obtain first information, the first information including the second information, padding information and third information, the second information being high layer information, and the padding on the second information at the physical layer can be adding padding information to the second information at the physical layer, the padding information can be some meaningless bytes or data, such as a sequence of continuous 0s, etc. The padding information is the information padded for the second information at the physical layer.

[0265] Exemplarily, as shown in mode one in FIG. 13, the second information includes a MAC PDU, the MAC PDU carries a payload, and after the first processing, the MAC PDU becomes a MAC PDU, padding #1, a preamble, a CRC, and a postamble #1. The padding #1 is an example of padding information, the preamble, the CRC, and the postamble #1 are examples of the third information, and the information including the MAC PDU, the padding #1, the preamble, the CRC, and the postamble #1 in mode one is an example of the first information.

[0266] It can be understood that in the second case, the padding is a processing at the physical layer, and thus the padding information (for example, the padding #1) is information in the first information obtained after the second information and the third information are processed by the first processing and padding.

[0267] In one mode, the padding information includes at least one of the following: a CRC, a preamble, a postamble, a midamble, a calibration sequence, and a digital packet symbol.

[0268] In mode two, the second device performs the first processing on the second information to obtain fourth information, the fourth information including the second information and the third information; and the second device repeats part or all of the third information to obtain padding information, the padding information being part or all of the repeated third information, that is, the padding information includes part or all of the third information.

[0269] Exemplarily, as shown in mode two in FIG. 13, the second information includes a MAC PDU, the MAC PDU carries a payload, and after the first processing, the MAC PDU becomes a MAC PDU, a preamble, a CRC, and a postamble #1. The postamble #1 is repeated to obtain a postamble #2, and the postamble #2 includes the MAC PDU, the preamble, the CRC, the postamble #1, and the postamble #2. The postamble #2 is repeated information of the postamble #1, or in other words, the postamble #2 is the postamble #1, which is a repetition of the postamble #1. The postamble #2 is an example of padding information, and the preamble, the CRC, and the postamble #1 are examples of the third information.

[0270] It should be noted that the padding information being repeated postamble in mode two in FIG. 13 is only an example, and the padding information can also be repeated CRC, or the padding information can be repeated preamble, or the padding information can be repeated CRC and postamble, or other repeated third information, for example, the padding information can also be repeated midamble and / or calibration sequence and / or digital packet symbol, and the like, without limitation.

[0271] In the third mode, the second device performs first processing on the second information to obtain fifth information, the fifth information including the second information and third information; and the second device lengthens part of the third information to obtain padding information, the padding information being part of the lengthened third information, i.e., the padding information includes part of the third information.

[0272] Specifically, the lengthening can be represented as repeating the last few bits of part of the third information.

[0273] As shown in the third mode of FIG. 13, the second information includes a MAC PDU, the MAC PDU carrying a payload, the MAC PDU after the first processing obtaining a MAC PDU, a preamble, a CRC, a post-amble #1, the post-amble #1 being lengthened to obtain a MAC PDU, a preamble, a CRC, and a lengthened post-amble #1. The part of the lengthened post-amble #1 is a repetition of the last few bits of the post-amble #1, for example, when the last bit of the post-amble #1 is 0, the 0 is repeated to make the information including the MAC PDU, the preamble, the CRC, the post-amble #1, and the repeated 0 align with an integer multiple of OFDM symbols. For another example, when the last two bits of the post-amble are 01, the 01 is repeated to make the information including the MAC PDU, the preamble, the CRC, the post-amble #1, and the repeated 01 align with an integer multiple of OFDM symbols. The part of the lengthened post-amble #1 (e.g., the repeated 0 sequence, the repeated 01 sequence) is an example of the padding information, and the preamble, the CRC, and the post-amble #1 are an example of the third information.

[0274] It should be noted that the part of the lengthened post-amble #1 in the third mode of FIG. 13 is only an example of the padding information, and the padding information can also be a part of the lengthened CRC, or the padding information can be a part of the lengthened preamble, or other parts of the lengthened third information, for example, the padding information can also be a part of the lengthened mid-amble or calibration sequence or digital packet symbol, etc., without limitation.

[0275] In one mode, the padding information is located at the most significant bit / byte of the first information; or the padding information is located at the least significant bit / byte of the first information.

[0276] The following describes a mode of determining the number of bits of the padding information when padding is performed at the physical layer.

[0277] In one mode, the second device determines the number of bits of the padding information according to a second calculation method predefined by a protocol.

[0278] The second calculation method is similar to the first calculation method, and thus the same as the first calculation method will not be described again. The difference between the second calculation method and the first calculation method will be described below.

[0279] Since the padding is performed at the physical layer, the padding information does not need to be encoded and modulated, and thus the second calculation method can not consider that the number of bits of the padding information is affected by encoding and modulation, and can only calculate the number of bits of the first information by scaling the coefficient.

[0280] Exemplarily, the difference between the second calculation method and the first calculation method is that the step 3 of the second calculation method is: padding bits = Δ * number of subcarriers / (Rchip).

[0281] In one mode, when the second device is an access network device in the RIC, the second device can identify in advance when padding is needed according to historical and / or future transmission parameter configuration information (i.e., prior information provided by the RIC to the CU). For example, for some first devices and second devices that can be aligned without OFDM symbols, the number of bits of the padding information can not be configured.

[0282] Based on the above scheme, the transmission time of the first information is expanded to an integer multiple of OFDM symbols, i.e., n OFDM symbols, by padding, so as to accurately time.

[0283] As known from the above, in one mode, the number of bits of the first information corresponds to n bytes.

[0284] Exemplarily, one byte (byte) is equal to 8 bits (bit), and when the number of bits of the second information is not an integer multiple of bytes, for example, the number of bits of the second information is 14 bits, and thus the second device needs to pad 2 bits of information, i.e., the number of bits of the padding information is 2 bits, so as to align the first information including the second information and the padding information with 2 bytes.

[0285] It should be noted that the difference between the above alignment mode of OFDM symbols and the present mode is that, in the present mode, the padding information is only performed at the high layer.

[0286] In the present mode, the position of the padding information is indicated by the second information, or the position of the padding information is predefined by a protocol, and the position of the padding information in the first information is after the second information.

[0287] Optionally, the position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

[0288] In this mode, the padding information is located at the most significant bit / byte of the first information; or, the padding information is located at the least significant bit / byte of the first information.

[0289] For example, when the second information includes the MAC CE and the MAC header, the MAC CE includes a payload, and the padding for the second information can be adding padding information in the payload included by the second information, which can be some meaningless bytes or data, such as a continuous 0 sequence, etc. Therefore, the first information can be the high-layer information, and at this time, the first information includes the high-layer second information and the padding information.

[0290] In one mode, the padding information includes at least one of the following: the MAC SDU, the MAC CE, and the MAC header.

[0291] Specifically, the padding information is also the increased high-layer information, for example, the padding information includes the MAC SDU and the MAC header; the padding information includes the MAC CE and the MAC header, etc. It can be understood that the MAC SDU / MAC CE included by the padding information is different from the MAC SDU / MAC CE included by the second information, and is the newly added MAC SDU / MAC CE in addition to the MAC SDU / MAC CE included by the second information.

[0292] It should be noted that the position determination mode of the padding information is similar to the position determination mode of the padding information described above for making the first signal correspond to n OFDM symbols in the time domain, and for brevity, will not be repeated here.

[0293] In this mode, similar to the padding information making the first signal correspond to n OFDM symbols in the time domain, the number of bits of the padding information can be pre-defined by the protocol; or, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the second information or the padding information; or, the number of bits of the padding information corresponds to the number of bits of the second information.

[0294] For example, when the second information includes the MAC header, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the MAC header included by the second information.

[0295] For another example, when the third information includes the MAC header, the number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the MAC header included by the padding information.

[0296] Different from the padding information making the first signal correspond to n OFDM symbols in the time domain, when corresponding to n bytes, the number of bits of the padding information can be determined by a third calculation method. The third calculation method can be pre-defined by the protocol.

[0297] Exemplarily, the third calculation method includes padding bits = 8-mod (the number of bits of the second information, 8), mod is a modulo function, and the remainder obtained by dividing the number of bits of the second information by 8 is calculated in the third calculation method.

[0298] It can be understood that the padding bits can also be 8-mod (the number of bits of the second information, 8)+m*8 bits, m is a positive integer, but through the third calculation method, the padding bits are the smallest in the optional number of bits, so as to reduce the calculation overhead.

[0299] Based on the above scheme, the second device fills the second information, so that the first information including the second information and the padding information is aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, so that the first device and / or the second device can process information in byte units, which helps to simplify the processing logic of the second device and / or the first device and improve the processing efficiency.

[0300] S920, the first device receives the first information from the second device. Correspondingly, the second device sends the first information to the first device.

[0301] The following describes how the first device determines the position of the padding information according to the first information. The first information includes the second information, the padding information and the third information.

[0302] In a first manner, the second information is used to indicate the position of the padding information in the first information. In other words, the position of the padding information in the first information is indicated by the second information. The position is a position in the information format.

[0303] Exemplarily, as shown in mode 1 of FIG. 12, padding #1 is after a MAC SDU, and the padding #1 can be indicated by a MAC header of the MAC SDU. For example, the MAC header indicates the length of the MAC SDU, and the first device can determine the length of the MAC SDU according to the indication of the MAC header of the MAC SDU, and then determine the starting position of the padding #1.

[0304] It should be noted that the above-mentioned manner of indicating the length of the MAC SDU is only an example, and the MAC header of the MAC SDU can also directly indicate the position of the padding #1, which is not limited in the present application.

[0305] In one manner, the protocol predefines the position of the padding information in the first information.

[0306] In one manner, the position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

[0307] Exemplarily, as shown in mode 2 of FIG. 12, when the MAC format requires padding #1 to be filled before the MAC SDU, the first device can parse padding #1 first when parsing from front to back, and can determine the position of padding #1 in the first information.

[0308] In the above scheme, when the position of the padding information is before the second information, the bit number of the padding information can be indicated without the second information or the padding information, and the overhead is saved.

[0309] The following gives an explanation of how the first device determines the bit number of the padding information according to the first information.

[0310] In one mode, the second information is also used to indicate the bit number of the padding information. In other words, the bit number of the padding information is indicated by the second information.

[0311] In one mode, the padding information is used to indicate the bit number of the padding information. In other words, the bit number of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

[0312] Exemplarily, the padding length can be indicated by a specific sequence or information (for example, the second information or the padding information), such as 4 bits indicating 16 lengths, and 0000-1111 respectively indicating 0-bit-15-bit padding. Or, the padding length can be indicated after or before the preamble or postamble, such as 4 bits indicating 16 lengths, and 0000-1111 respectively indicating 0-bit-15-bit padding.

[0313] Exemplarily, as shown in mode 1 and mode 2 of FIG. 12, whether padding #1 is before or after the MAC SDU, the MAC header of the MAC SDU can indicate the bit number of padding #1, or the MAC header of padding #1 is used to indicate the bit number of padding #1.

[0314] In one mode, the first device determines the bit number of the padding information according to a first calculation method or a second calculation method predefined by the protocol. The first calculation method and the second calculation method can refer to step S910.

[0315] Specifically, when the second device fills padding at a high layer, the first device can determine the bit number of the padding information according to the first calculation method; when the second device fills padding at a physical layer, the first device can determine the bit number of the padding information according to the second calculation method.

[0316] Exemplarily, as shown in mode 2 of FIG. 12, when the first device parses from front to back, padding #1 can be obtained first, when the second device makes padding at a high layer, the number of bits of padding #1 can be determined according to the first calculation method; when the second device makes padding at a physical layer, the number of bits of padding #1 can be determined according to the second calculation method.

[0317] In one mode, the number of bits of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the second information, and the parameter corresponding to the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0318] The type of the second information, the number of bits of the second information, the transmission duration corresponding to the second information, the number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, the modulation order corresponding to the second information, the code length corresponding to the second information, the number of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits corresponding to the second information, the preamble length corresponding to the second information, and the postamble length corresponding to the second information.

[0319] Specifically, the protocol predefines the correspondence between the parameter corresponding to the second information and the padding information. The correspondence can be in the form of a table. For example, Table 2 or Table 3.

[0320] Table 2

[0321] As shown in Table 2, the signaling in Table 2 is an example of the type of the second information, the payload is an example of the number of bits of the second information, and the number of symbols before padding or the number of symbols after padding is an example of the transmission duration corresponding to the second information. In addition, M, Rchip, subcarrier, and preamble length are respectively an example of the code length corresponding to the second information, the scaling factor, the number of subcarriers, and the number of bits of the preamble.

[0322] It should be noted that the padding information can also correspond to the number of bits of third information (for example, postamble, CRC, midamble, etc.) corresponding to the second information. In addition, as can be seen from step 3 in the first calculation method, the padding information can also correspond to a combination of parameters for calculating padding bits, for example, corresponding to M*Rchip, or corresponding to the number of subcarriers*modulation order / (code length*Rchip), or corresponding to Δ, and the like. It can be understood that the padding information can correspond to a parameter corresponding to the second information, and the parameter corresponding to the second information can be any parameter for determining the padding information.

[0323] Table 3

[0324] Table 3 is also an example of the correspondence between the number of padding information bits and the parameter corresponding to the second information. In Table 2, when the preamble length is 8, the number of bits of the CRC is 6 bits, and there is no case of changing the CRC strategy, while in Table 3, for the ReadCommand signaling, if the CRC threshold is 24 bits, according to the CRC rule, the number of bits of the payload of the ReadCommand is 15 bits, which is less than 24 bits, and then the CRC is 6 bits. According to the first calculation method in the example of S910, steps 1-3 are included to calculate the number of padding bits to be 11 bits, according to step 4, TBS = number of bits of the payload + number of padding bits = 26 bits, which exceeds the threshold of 24 bits, and then the CRC is modified to 16 bits, and the padding bits are recalculated in steps 1-3 to obtain the padding bits as shown in Table 3 (i.e. 1 bit). In Table 3, the padding of the readecommand is adjusted from 11 bits to 1 bit, because the padding increases the MAC length, which leads to not meeting the CRC rule, so the CRC is increased from 6 bits to 16 bits.

[0325] S930, the first device obtains the second information from the first information.

[0326] Specifically, the first information is parsed to remove the padding information in the first information to obtain the second information. When the first information also includes the third information, the third information also needs to be removed to obtain the second information.

[0327] Optionally, when the first device receives the first information or the first signal including the padding information, the padding information can be discarded or not responded to.

[0328] As can be seen from the above, the first information includes the second information, the padding information and the third information. The following is an example of the third information including the preamble, the postamble and the CRC, and the second information including the MAC PDU, and the MAC PDU including the MAC header and the MAC SDU.

[0329] Step one, the physical layer of the first device parses the third information according to the preamble and the postamble included in the first information to obtain the padding information, the MAC PDU and the CRC.

[0330] Step two, the first device parses the padding information according to the way of determining the number of bits and the position of the padding information in S920 to obtain the MAC PDU and the CRC.

[0331] Exemplarily, when the padding information is before the MAC PDU and the padding information is padded at the higher layer, the first device determines the length of the padding information according to the first calculation method, or the first device determines the bit number of the padding information according to the parameters (for example, the type of signaling in Table 2 or Table 3, M, preamble length, etc.) corresponding to the MAC PDU.

[0332] Exemplarily, when the padding information is before the MAC PDU and the padding information is padded at the physical layer, the first device determines the bit number of the padding information according to the second calculation method, or the first device determines the bit number of the padding information according to the parameters (for example, the type of signaling in Table 2 or Table 3, M, preamble length, etc.) corresponding to the MAC PDU.

[0333] Exemplarily, when the padding information is after the MAC PDU and the padding information is padded at the higher layer, the first device can determine the starting position and the bit number of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the indication of the padding information; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the first calculation method; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the parameters corresponding to the MAC PDU.

[0334] Exemplarily, when the padding information is after the MAC PDU and the padding information is padded at the physical layer, the first device can determine the starting position and the bit number of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the indication of the padding information; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the second calculation method; or the first device determines the starting position of the padding information according to the indication of the MAC header in the MAC PDU, and determines the bit number of the padding information according to the parameters corresponding to the MAC PDU.

[0335] Step three, the first device determines the bit number of the CRC according to the sum of the bit numbers of the MAC PDU and the CRC, parses out the CRC to obtain the MAC PDU.

[0336] Specifically, the first device can determine the number of bits of the CRC according to the sum of the number of bits of the MAC PDU and the number of bits of the CRC, the CRC threshold, and the CRC rule.

[0337] Taking the above CRC rule as an example, assuming that the CRC threshold is 24 bits, when the number of bits of the MAC PDU is less than 24 bits, the number of bits of the CRC is 6 bits, otherwise the number of bits of the CRC is 16 bits. In this case, the sum of the number of bits of the MAC PDU and the number of bits of the CRC is TBS = the number of bits of the MAC PDU + the number of bits of the CRC, if TBS≤23+6=29 bits, the CRC can be determined as 6 bits, and the number of bits of the MAC PDU is (TBS-6) bits; if the sum of the number of bits of the MAC PDU and the number of bits of the CRC is TBS≥24+16=40 bits, the CRC can be determined as 16 bits, and the number of bits of the MAC PDU is (TBS-16) bits. As can be seen, the CRC rule determines that the TBS will not have a value of 30-39 bits.

[0338] Through the above steps 1 to 3, the first device can obtain the second information from the first information.

[0339] In addition, in the A-IoT technology, the tag (for example, the A-IoT device) can also send uplink (DL) information / signal / signaling / data, etc. to the reader (for example, the base station), and the communication link for transmitting the uplink information / signal / signaling / data, etc. is the device to reader (DR or D2R) uplink.

[0340] Exemplarily, after the A-IoT device sends the D2R TB for carrying the uplink information / signal / signaling / data (i.e., D2R information / signal / signaling / data), it needs to start timing from the end of the D2R transmission time to be time-synchronized with the base station, but similar to the downlink information, as shown in FIG. 14, the transmission time of the D2R TB can not be an integer multiple of the OFDM symbol, which will cause a gap between the end of the actual transmission of the D2R TB and the start time of the timing in OFDM symbol units, and the D2R TB can not be aligned with the start position of the OFDM symbol. In addition, because the crystal oscillator of the device can be greatly offset, the frequency offset is large, the timing is not accurate, and the time synchronization with the base station cannot be achieved.

[0341] The above mainly introduces the method of filling the downlink information. The uplink information can also be filled to make the transmission time of the transmitted uplink information an integer multiple of OFDM symbols or make the bit number of the transmitted uplink information correspond to an integer multiple of bytes. The method of filling the uplink information is introduced below.

[0342] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of filling the uplink information. The uplink information is information transmitted by the first device to the second device. Since the transmission start time of the uplink information is not necessarily aligned with the ODFM symbol (as shown in FIG. 14), the first device, on the basis of receiving the downlink information (for example, the first information in the above), takes the end time of the downlink information as a reference, aligns the transmission start time of the uplink information with the OFDM symbol, and then fills the uplink information in a manner to make the transmission time of the uplink information also an integer multiple of OFDM symbols. The filling manner of the uplink information is similar to the filling manner of the downlink information, and the difference lies in the coding and modulation manner or the number of subcarriers. For brevity, details are not described herein.

[0343] In one manner, the first device generates sixth information, the sixth information including seventh information and padding information, the seventh information including a payload; and the first device transmits the sixth information to the second device.

[0344] In one manner, the first device generates a second signal, the second signal being used to carry the sixth information, or in other words, the sixth information being carried in the second signal, the sixth information including the seventh information and the padding information, the sixth information including a payload. The second signal corresponds to n OFDM symbols in the time domain, n being a positive integer.

[0345] Specifically, the seventh information is filled at a high layer or at a physical layer. For details, refer to the manner of filling the second information. The difference lies in that the first processing manner corresponding to the seventh information or the number of subcarriers corresponding to the seventh information is different. For brevity, details are not described herein.

[0346] In one manner, the start position of the seventh information is aligned with the start position of the OFDM symbol.

[0347] In one manner, the position of the padding information in the sixth information is indicated by the seventh information; or the position of the padding information in the sixth information is located before the seventh information.

[0348] In one manner, the bit number of the padding information is indicated by the seventh information; or the bit number of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

[0349] In one manner, the bit number of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the seventh information, the parameter corresponding to the seventh information including at least one of the following:

[0350] A type of the seventh information, a bit number of the seventh information, a transmission time length corresponding to the seventh information, a subcarrier number corresponding to the seventh information, a coding and modulation order corresponding to the seventh information, a code length corresponding to the seventh information, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bit number corresponding to the seventh information, a preamble length corresponding to the seventh information, and a postamble length corresponding to the seventh information.

[0351] In an embodiment, a sum of a bit number of the payload and a bit number of the padding information is less than a first threshold. The first threshold is a threshold set in a CRC rule defined by a protocol.

[0352] In an embodiment, the padding information is information processed by a first process.

[0353] In an embodiment, the padding information includes at least one of a preamble, a postamble, a CRC, a midamble, a calibration sequence, and a digital packet symbol.

[0354] It should be noted that the sixth information and the second signal can be any one of D2R information / signals. Alternatively, the information / signals can be replaced by messages. The sixth information / second signal can be transmitted by a PD2RCH (physical device-to-reader channel) message. The PD2RCH can be referred to as other names, which are not limited in the present application.

[0355] It should be noted that a determination manner of a position or a bit number of the padding information included in the sixth information can refer to the determination manner of the position or the bit number of the padding information included in the first information, which is not described herein for brevity.

[0356] As shown in FIG. 15, the first device receives R2D in 2 OFDM symbols, and the R2D is carried in an R2D TB, that is, the R2D TB occupies 2 OFDM symbols in the time domain. The first device can be empty for 1 OFDM symbol after the R2D TB, and starts to transmit D2R from the fourth OFDM symbol. As shown in FIG. 15, the starting position of the D2R is aligned with the starting position of the fourth OFDM symbol, and the transmission time of the D2R TB is aligned with 3 OFDM symbols by padding. The D2R is carried in a D2R TB and transmitted, as shown in FIG. 15, the padded D2R TB and padding #2 occupy 3 OFDM symbols in the time domain. The R2D can be an example of the first information, the padding #2 can be an example of the padding information, and the D2R can be an example of the sixth information.

[0357] As shown in FIG. 15, the R2D TB and the D2R TB are only separated by 1 OFDM symbol, which can reduce the deviation from the end / start time of the OFDM symbol.

[0358] Based on the above scheme, not only the transmission time of the downlink information can be aligned with the integer multiple of the OFDM symbol, but also the transmission time of the uplink information can be aligned with the integer multiple of the OFDM symbol, so as to make the timing accurate.

[0359] In one manner, the bit number of the sixth information corresponds to n bytes, and n is a positive integer.

[0360] In this manner, the padding of the second information is performed at a high layer.

[0361] In one manner, when the bit number of the first information corresponds to n bytes, the bit number of the sixth information corresponds to n bytes; or, when the bit number of the first information does not correspond to n bytes, the bit number of the sixth information corresponds to n bytes; or, when the bit number of the first information corresponds to n bytes, the bit number of the sixth information does not correspond to n bytes.

[0362] Exemplarily, one byte is equal to 8 bits, when the seventh information is 15 bits, the first device adds 1 bit of padding to the seventh information, that is, the bit number of the padding information is 1 bit, so that the sixth information is aligned with 2 bytes.

[0363] In one manner, the bit number or position of the padding information included in the sixth information can be predefined by a protocol, or the bit number of the padding information included in the sixth information is indicated by the seventh information or the padding information, or the position of the padding information included in the sixth information is indicated by the seventh information.

[0364] It should be noted that, in the case that the bit number of the sixth information corresponds to n bytes, the determination manner of the bit number or position of the padding information included in the sixth information can refer to the determination manner of the bit number or position of the padding information included in the first information in the case that the bit number of the first information corresponds to n bytes, and details are not described herein for the sake of brevity.

[0365] Based on the above scheme, the bit number of the uplink information is aligned with the integer multiple of the byte, so that the first device and / or the second device can process the information in the unit of byte, which is easier to process the uplink information, and helps to simplify the processing logic of the first device and / or the second device and improve the processing efficiency.

[0366] In the method 1000, in a first case, the third device is a terminal device, and the fourth device is a network device. Correspondingly, the communication link between the third device and the fourth device can be an uplink and downlink communication link. The information received by the third device can be DL information / downlink signal / downlink signaling / downlink data, and the information sent by the third device can be uplink information / uplink signal / uplink signaling / uplink data.

[0367] As another example, the third device can be an A-IoT device (device can be an implementation example of a terminal device), and the fourth device can be a reader. Correspondingly, the communication link between the third device and the fourth device can include a device-to-reader (DR or D2R) link and a reader-to-device (RD or R2D) link.

[0368] It should be noted that in the first case, the third device can be the same device as the first device, or can be a different device; the fourth device can be the same device as the second device, or can be a different device, which is not limited in the present application.

[0369] In the second case, as an example, the third device is a network device, and the fourth device is a terminal device. Correspondingly, the communication link between the fourth device and the third device can be an uplink and downlink communication link. Among them, the information received by the fourth device can be DL information / downlink signal / downlink signaling / downlink data, etc., and the information sent by the fourth device can be uplink information / uplink signal / uplink signaling / uplink data, etc.

[0370] As another example, the fourth device can be an A-IoT device (device can be an implementation example of a terminal device), and the third device can be a reader. Correspondingly, the communication link between the fourth device and the third device can include a device-to-reader (DR or D2R) link and a reader-to-device (RD or R2D) link.

[0371] As another example, the third device and the fourth device can be different terminal devices. Correspondingly, the communication link between the third device and the fourth device can be a communication link between terminal devices, such as a sidelink.

[0372] In the method 1000, in the first case, exemplarily, when the third device is an A-IoT device and the fourth device is a reader, this embodiment mainly corresponds to the case that the number of bits of the uplink information (for example, the second information) is aligned with n bytes, and the number of bits of the downlink information (for example, the first information) is not aligned with n bytes.

[0373] In the second case, exemplarily, when the third device is a reader and the fourth device is an A-IoT device, this embodiment corresponds to the case that the number of bits of the downlink information (for example, the second information) is aligned with n bytes, and the number of bits of the uplink information (for example, the first information) is not aligned with n bytes.

[0374] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a communication method 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. For ease of description, FIG. 16 exemplarily illustrates the interaction between a third device and a fourth device. The third device can be replaced by a terminal device or an A-IoT device or a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of an A-IoT device, and the fourth device can be replaced by a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of a network device and has the function of a reader / writer; or the fourth device can be replaced by a terminal device or an A-IoT device or a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of an A-IoT device, and the third device can be replaced by a component (for example, a chip or a chip system or a circuit or a communication module) of a network device and has the function of a reader / writer. In addition, the steps described below can be executed by a single execution subject, or can be divided into steps executed by multiple execution subjects, which can be logically and / or physically separated. The method 1000 shown in FIG. 16 can include the following steps.

[0375] S1100, the fourth device sends first information to the third device, and the number of bits of the first information does not correspond to / align with n bytes, where n is a positive integer. Correspondingly, the third device receives the first information from the fourth device.

[0376] Exemplarily, one byte is equal to 8 bits, and the number of bits of the first information is 15 bits. Therefore, the number of bits of the first information is not equal to 2 bytes, in other words, the number of bits (or referred to as "length") of the first information does not correspond to / align with 2 bytes.

[0377] Based on the above scheme, the first information does not align with n bytes, which can save the transmission overhead of the fourth device, reduce the transmission delay of the first information, and improve the transmission efficiency.

[0378] S1200, the third device generates second information, the second information includes third information and fourth information, the third information includes a payload, and the fourth information is reserved bit information and / or padding information, the number of bits of the second information corresponds to n bytes, and the second information is information in response to the first information.

[0379] It can be understood that the third information is original information, and the number of bits of the third information does not correspond to n bytes. By adding the fourth information, the number of bits of the second information including the third information and the fourth information corresponds to n bytes.

[0380] Exemplarily, the third information is high-layer information, and the third information includes at least one of the following: a MAC CE, a MAC SDU, and a MAC header.

[0381] Exemplarily, the third information comprises a MAC CE, or the third information comprises a MAC SDU.

[0382] Exemplarily, the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, or the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC SDU.

[0383] In one mode, the fourth information is added in the second information.

[0384] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the MAC CE comprises a payload, the fourth information is some meaningless bytes added in the MAC CE, such as a sequence of continuous 0s, etc., and the fourth information does not comprise a MAC header, and shares a MAC header with the MAC CE comprised in the third information.

[0385] In one mode, the fourth information comprises at least one of the following: a MAC SDU, a MAC CE, and a MAC header.

[0386] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the MAC CE comprises a payload, and the fourth information can be high-layer information added, such as the fourth information comprising a MAC SDU and a MAC header, or the fourth information comprising a MAC CE and a MAC header, etc. It can be understood that the MAC SDU / MAC CE comprised in the fourth information is different from the MAC SDU / MAC CE comprised in the third information, and is a newly added MAC SDU / MAC CE in addition to the MAC SDU / MAC CE comprised in the third information.

[0387] In one mode, the third information is used to indicate the position of the fourth information in the second information, in other words, the position of the fourth information in the second information is indicated by the third information; or the position of the fourth information is predefined by a protocol, and the position of the fourth information in the second information is after the third information.

[0388] Optionally, the position of the fourth information in the second information is before the third information.

[0389] In one mode, the fourth information is located at the least significant bit / byte of the second information.

[0390] Optionally, the fourth information is located at the most significant bit / byte of the second information.

[0391] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the fourth information is information added to the MAC CE comprised by the third information, at this time the fourth information is located after the MAC CE, the fourth information shares the MAC header comprised by the third information with the third information, and the MAC header can be used to indicate the position of the fourth information in the second information.

[0392] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the fourth information is newly-added high layer information, for example, the fourth information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the MAC header comprised by the third information can be used to indicate the position of the fourth information in the second information.

[0393] In one mode, the third information is used to indicate the bit number of the fourth information, in other words, the bit number of the fourth information is indicated by the third information; or the fourth information is used to indicate the bit number of the fourth information, in other words, the bit number of the fourth information is indicated by the fourth information; or the bit number of the fourth information is predefined by a protocol, and the bit number of the fourth information corresponds to the bit number of the third information.

[0394] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the fourth information is information added to the MAC CE comprised by the third information, at this time the fourth information is located after the MAC CE, the fourth information shares the MAC header comprised by the third information with the third information, and the MAC header can be used to indicate the bit number of the fourth information.

[0395] Exemplarily, when the third information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the fourth information is newly-added high layer information, for example, the fourth information comprises a MAC header and a MAC CE, the MAC header comprised by the third information can be used to indicate the bit number of the fourth information, or the MAC header comprised by the fourth information can be used to indicate the bit number of the fourth information.

[0396] Exemplarily, the bit number of the third information corresponds to the bit number of the fourth information, when the bit number of the third information is 14 bits, the bit number of the fourth information corresponding to the bit number of the third information can be obtained according to a predefined table, which is 2 bits; or when the bit number of the third information is 15 bits, the bit number of the fourth information corresponding to the bit number of the third information can be obtained according to a predefined table, which is 1 bit, for the sake of brevity, they are not listed one by one here.

[0397] Exemplarily, the bit number of the fourth information is determined according to a third calculation method predefined by a protocol, the third calculation method comprises: the bit number of the fourth information = 8-mod(the bit number of the third information, 8), mod is a remainder function, and in the third calculation method, the mod function calculates the remainder of the bit number of the third information divided by 8.

[0398] It can be understood that the bit number of the fourth information can also be 8-mod (the bit number of the second information, 8) + m*8 bits, m being a positive integer, but the bit number of the fourth information is the smallest in the optional bit numbers by the third calculation method, so as to reduce the calculation overhead.

[0399] It should be noted that the corresponding relationship between the bit number of the third information and the bit number of the fourth information can be pre-defined by the protocol, and the corresponding relationship can exist in the form of a table / calculation method or other forms, which is not limited by the present application.

[0400] In S1300, the third device sends the second information to the fourth device. Correspondingly, the fourth device receives the second information from the third device.

[0401] Optionally, the fourth device parses the received second information to obtain the third information.

[0402] Based on the above scheme, on the one hand, the first information sent by the fourth device is not aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, that is, the first information does not include additional information that can make the bit number of the first information aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, thereby saving the sending overhead of the fourth device, reducing the transmission delay of the first information, and improving the transmission efficiency; on the other hand, the second information including the third information and the fourth information is aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, so that the third device and / or the fourth device can process information in byte units, which helps to simplify the processing logic of the third device and / or the fourth device and improve the processing efficiency.

[0403] It should be noted that the method 1000 shows two cases, when the third device is an A-IoT device and the fourth device is a reader, the first case is that the bit number of the uplink information (for example, the second information) is aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, and the bit number of the downlink information (for example, the first information) is not aligned with an integer multiple of bytes; when the third device is a reader and the fourth device is an A-IoT device, the second case is that the bit number of the downlink information (for example, the second information) is aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, and the bit number of the uplink information (for example, the first information) is not aligned with an integer multiple of bytes; but the present application can also be applicable to the case that the bit numbers of the uplink and downlink information are both aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, for example, the bit numbers of the first information and the second information are both aligned with an integer multiple of bytes, which is not limited by the present application.

[0404] The size of the serial number of each process does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0405] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referred to each other if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0406] In some embodiments described above, the devices (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, and the fourth device) are mainly exemplified in the existing network architecture. The specific form of the device is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, devices with the same function in the future are also applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0407] It can be understood that the methods and operations implemented by the devices (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, and the fourth device) in the above various method embodiments can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) of the devices.

[0408] The above describes the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application in detail in combination with FIG. 9 and FIG. 16. The above communication method is mainly introduced from the perspective of the interaction between the first device and the second device and the interaction between the third device and the fourth device. It can be understood that the interaction between the first device and the second device and the interaction between the third device and the fourth device contain corresponding hardware structures and / or software modules for implementing various functions in order to achieve the above functions.

[0409] Those skilled in the art should appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is implemented in hardware or computer software driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0410] The following describes the communication apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application in combination with FIG. 17 to FIG. 19. The description of the apparatus embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments, and therefore, the content not described in detail can be referred to the above method embodiments. For brevity, some content will not be described again.

[0411] In order to implement the functions of the communication apparatus (such as the first device, the second device, the third device, and the fourth device) in the embodiments of the present application, each communication apparatus can implement the corresponding functions in the form of hardware structure, software module, or hardware structure plus software module.

[0412] The embodiments of the present application can divide the functional modules of the transmitting end device or the receiving end device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It should be noted that the division of the modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, another division mode can be used. The following will be described by taking the division of each functional module according to each function as an example.

[0413] FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of the communication apparatus 3000 provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 17, the apparatus 3000 can include a transceiver unit 3010 and a processing unit 3020. The transceiver unit 3010 can communicate with the outside, and the processing unit 3020 is configured to process data. The transceiver unit 3010 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a transceiver unit. The processing unit 3020 can be configured to process.

[0414] Optionally, the communication apparatus 3000 can further include a storage unit, which can be configured to store instructions and / or data. The processing unit 3020 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit, so that the apparatus implements the foregoing method embodiments.

[0415] For example, the communication apparatus 3000 is a first device (for example, a network device or a reader), which can be the first device, or a communication apparatus (for example, a chip, a chip system or a circuit) applied to or matched with the first device and capable of implementing the method executed by the first device. For details, refer to the related description of the chip system shown in FIG. 19.

[0416] For example, the communication apparatus 3000 is a second device (for example, a terminal device or an A-IoT device), which can be the second device, or a communication apparatus (for example, a chip, a chip system or a circuit) applied to or matched with the second device and capable of implementing the method executed by the second device. For details, refer to the related description of the chip system shown in FIG. 19.

[0417] For example, the communication apparatus 3000 is a third device, which can be the third device, or a communication apparatus (for example, a chip, a chip system or a circuit) applied to or matched with the third device and capable of implementing the method executed by the third device. For details, refer to the related description of the chip system shown in FIG. 19.

[0418] Exemplarily, the communication apparatus 3000 is the fourth device, or is a communication apparatus, such as a chip, a chip system or a circuit, which is applied to or matched with the fourth device, and can realize the method executed by the fourth device. For details, refer to the related description of the chip system shown in FIG. 19.

[0419] In a possible design, the apparatus 3000 can implement steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the first device in the method embodiments, where the processing unit 3020 is configured to perform processing-related operations of the first device in the method embodiments, and the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to perform transceiving-related operations of the first device in the method embodiments.

[0420] Exemplarily, the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to receive first information from the second device, where the first information comprises second information and padding information, and the second information comprises a payload; and the processing unit 3020 is configured to obtain the second information from the first information.

[0421] In another possible design, the apparatus 3000 can implement steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the second device in the method embodiments, where the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to perform transceiving-related operations of the second device in the method embodiments, and the processing unit 3020 is configured to perform processing-related operations of the second device in the method embodiments.

[0422] Exemplarily, the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to send the first information to the first device; and the processing unit 3020 is configured to generate the first information, where the first information comprises second information and padding information, and the second information comprises a payload.

[0423] In a possible design, the apparatus 3000 can implement steps or processes corresponding to those performed by the third device in the method embodiments, where the processing unit 3020 is configured to perform processing-related operations of the third device in the method embodiments, and the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to perform transceiving-related operations of the third device in the method embodiments.

[0424] Exemplarily, the transceiver unit 3010 is configured to receive first information from the fourth device, where a bit number of the first information does not correspond to n bytes, and n is a positive integer; the transceiver unit 3010 is further configured to send second information to the fourth device; and the processing unit 3020 is configured to generate the second information, where the second information comprises third information and fourth information, the third information comprises a payload, the fourth information is reserved bit information and / or padding information, a bit number of the second information corresponds to n bytes, and the second information is information in response to the first information.

[0425] In another possible design, the apparatus 3000 can implement steps or procedures performed by a fourth device in the above-described method embodiments. The transceiver unit 3010 can be configured to perform transceiving-related operations of the fourth device in the above-described method embodiments, and the processing unit 3020 can be configured to perform processing-related operations of the fourth device in the above-described method embodiments.

[0426] For example, the transceiver unit 3010 can be configured to send, to a third device, first information, where a number of bits of the first information does not correspond to n bytes, n being a positive integer; and the transceiver unit 3010 can be further configured to receive, from the third device, second information, where the second information includes third information and fourth information, the third information includes a payload, and the fourth information includes reserved bit information and / or padding information, and a number of bits of the second information corresponds to n bytes, and the second information is in response to the first information.

[0427] It is understood that the apparatus 3000 is embodied in the form of functional units. The term "unit" herein can refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and / or other suitable components that provide the described functionality. In one optional example, the apparatus 3000 can be embodied as a transmitter in the above-described embodiments, and can be configured to perform the procedures and / or steps corresponding to the transmitter in the above-described method embodiments, or the apparatus 3000 can be embodied as a receiver in the above-described embodiments, and can be configured to perform the procedures and / or steps corresponding to the receiver in the above-described method embodiments. To avoid redundancy, details are not repeated herein.

[0428] The apparatus 3000 in each of the above-described solutions has a function of implementing corresponding steps performed by a transmitter in the above-described methods, or the apparatus 3000 in each of the above-described solutions has a function of implementing corresponding steps performed by a receiver in the above-described methods. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (e.g., a transmitting unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and a receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as the processing unit, can be replaced by a processor, which performs transceiving operations and related processing operations in each of the method embodiments.

[0429] In addition, the transceiver unit can also be a transceiver circuit (for example, can include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing unit can be a processing circuit. In embodiments of the present application, the communication apparatus can be a receiving end or a transmitting end in the foregoing embodiments, or can be a chip or a chip system, for example, a system on chip (SoC). The transceiver unit can be an input / output circuit, a communication interface, and the processing unit can be a processor or a microprocessor integrated on the chip or an integrated circuit. In this regard, no limitation is made.

[0430] FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus 4000 provided by embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication apparatus 4000 includes a processor 4010 and a transceiver 4020. The processor 4010 and the transceiver 4020 communicate with each other through an internal connection path. The processor 4010 is configured to execute instructions to control the transceiver 4020 to transmit and / or receive signals.

[0431] Optionally, the apparatus 4000 can further include a memory 4030, which communicates with the processor 4010 and the transceiver 4020 through an internal connection path. The memory 4030 is configured to store instructions, and the processor 4010 can execute the instructions stored in the memory 4030.

[0432] In a possible implementation, the apparatus 4000 is configured to implement the procedures and steps corresponding to the first device in the method embodiments.

[0433] In another possible implementation, the apparatus 4000 is configured to implement the procedures and steps corresponding to the second device in the method embodiments.

[0434] In another possible implementation, the apparatus 4000 is configured to implement the procedures and steps corresponding to the third device in the method embodiments.

[0435] In another possible implementation, the apparatus 4000 is configured to implement the procedures and steps corresponding to the fourth device in the method embodiments.

[0436] Optionally, the memory 4030 can include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. A part of the memory can also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory can also store device type information. The processor 4010 can be configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, and when the processor 4010 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 4010 is configured to perform the procedures and steps of the method embodiments corresponding to the transmitting end or the receiving end.

[0437] In the implementation process, the steps of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or the instruction in the form of software. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware processor execution completion, or executed by the combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in the mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0438] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor or the instruction in the form of software. The above processor can be a general processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or a part of circuit for processing function in the foregoing CPU, other general processor, DSP, ASIC, FGPA or other programmable logic device, or other chip. The processor in the embodiments of the present application can realize or execute the disclosed methods, steps and logic block diagrams in the embodiments of the present application. The general processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as hardware decoding processor execution completion, or executed by the combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in the mature storage medium in the field, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and combines the hardware to complete the steps of the above method.

[0439] It is to be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM can be used, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0440] In the embodiments of the present application, the method 900 described above can be executed by the first device and the second device, or can be executed by a chip, a chip system or a circuit of the first device and the second device, which can be installed in the first device and the second device. In the following, the chip system of the first device and the second device will be described in combination with FIG. 19.

[0441] In the embodiments of the present application, the method 1000 described above can be executed by the third device and the fourth device, or can be executed by a chip, a chip system or a circuit of the third device and the fourth device, which can be installed in the third device and the fourth device. In the following, the chip system of the third device and the fourth device will be described in combination with FIG. 19.

[0442] FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a chip system 5000 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 19, the chip system 5000 (or also can be referred to as a processing system) includes a logic circuit 5010 and an input / output interface 5020.

[0443] The logic circuit 5010 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 5000. The logic circuit 5010 can be coupled with a storage unit, and invoke instructions in the storage unit, so that the chip system 5000 can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 5020 can be an input / output circuit in the chip system 5000, and output information processed by the chip system 5000, or input data or signaling information to be processed by the chip system 5000.

[0444] As an option, the chip system 5000 is configured to implement operations performed by the first device and the second device in the above method embodiments.

[0445] For example, the logic circuit 5010 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, such as processing-related operations performed by the first device in the above embodiments; and the input / output interface 5020 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above method embodiments, such as sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the first device in the above embodiments.

[0446] For another example, the logic circuit 5010 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments, such as processing-related operations performed by the second device in the above embodiments; and the input / output interface 5020 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the second device in the above method embodiments, such as sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the second device in the above embodiments.

[0447] As another option, the chip system 5000 is configured to implement operations performed by the third device and the fourth device in the above method embodiments.

[0448] For example, the logic circuit 5010 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the third device in the above method embodiments, such as processing-related operations performed by the third device in the above embodiments; and the input / output interface 5020 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the third device in the above method embodiments, such as sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the third device in the above embodiments.

[0449] For another example, the logic circuit 5010 is configured to implement processing-related operations performed by the fourth device in the above method embodiments, such as processing-related operations performed by the fourth device in the above embodiments; and the input / output interface 5020 is configured to implement sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the fourth device in the above method embodiments, such as sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the fourth device in the above embodiments.

[0450] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which has stored computer instructions for implementing the method executed by the first device or the second device or the third device or the fourth device in each method embodiment.

[0451] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which contains instructions executed by a computer to implement the method executed by the first device or the second device or the third device or the fourth device in each method embodiment.

[0452] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which comprises the first device and / or the second device and / or the third device and / or the fourth device in each embodiment.

[0453] The explanation and beneficial effects of the related content in any of the above provided devices can refer to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0454] In the present application, each example can be mutually referenced without logical contradiction, for example, the methods and / or terms of the method embodiments can be mutually referenced, for example, the functions and / or terms of the device embodiments can be mutually referenced, for example, the functions and / or terms of the device examples and the method examples can be mutually referenced.

[0455] Those skilled in the art can understand that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software mode depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0456] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working processes of the above described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0457] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented by other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed each other can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0458] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0459] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0460] If the functions are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the parts that essentially contribute to the prior art or the parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for making a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, and various program code storage media.

[0461] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: Applied to a first device, the first device being an environmental Internet of Things device, comprising: receiving first information from a second device, the first information comprising second information and padding information, the second information comprising a payload; obtaining the second information from the first information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first information is carried in a first signal, the first signal corresponding to n orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbols in time domain, n being a positive integer.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The position of the padding information in the first information is indicated by the second information; or, The position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the second information; or, The number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The number of bits of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the second information, the parameter corresponding to the second information comprising at least one of: a type of the second information, a number of bits of the second information, a transmission time length corresponding to the second information, a number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, a modulation and coding order corresponding to the second information, a code length corresponding to the second information, a number of cyclic redundancy check, CRC, bits corresponding to the second information, a length of a preamble corresponding to the second information, a length of a postamble corresponding to the second information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The padding information is first processed information, the first processing comprising at least one of: encoding, modulation.

7. A communication method characterized by comprising: Applied to a second device, comprising: generating first information, the first information comprising second information and padding information, the second information comprising a payload; sending the first information to a first device, the first device being an environmental Internet of Things device.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The first information is carried in a first signal, the first signal corresponding to n orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbols in time domain, n being a positive integer.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The position of the padding information in the first information is indicated by the second information; or, The position of the padding information in the first information is before the second information.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the second information; or, The number of bits of the padding information is indicated by the padding information.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The number of bits of the padding information corresponds to a parameter corresponding to the second information, the parameter corresponding to the second information comprising at least one of: a type of the second information, a number of bits of the second information, a transmission time length corresponding to the second information, a number of subcarriers corresponding to the second information, a modulation and coding order corresponding to the second information, a code length corresponding to the second information, a number of cyclic redundancy check, CRC, bits corresponding to the second information, a length of a preamble corresponding to the second information, a length of a postamble corresponding to the second information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7-11, characterized in that, The padding information is first processed information, the first processing comprising at least one of: encoding, modulation.

13. A communications device, characterized by The communication apparatus comprises units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program or instructions are stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program or instructions are run on the computer, the method of any one of claims 1-6 is performed, or the method of any one of claims 7-12 is performed.

15. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product, when run on the computer, causes the method of any one of claims 1-6 to be performed, or the method of any one of claims 7-12 to be performed.

16. A chip, characterized by The chip is installed in a communication device, and the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, and when the processor reads and runs instructions through the communication interface, the communication device performs the method of any one of claims 1-6, or the communication device performs the method of any one of claims 7-12.

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