A disk-type all-superconducting motor

Abstract

A disk-type all-superconducting motor is provided with a group of rotors, the rotors adopt a non-radial magnetization structure, the magnetization directions of the two correspondingly arranged rotors are different, the magnetic poles are opposite, the first stator positioning plate, the first stator cooling passage, the stator centralized raceway winding, the second stator cooling passage and the second stator positioning plate are arranged in sequence between the two rotors, an excitation core array is arranged between the stator centralized raceway winding and the second stator cooling passage, and the structure of the stator centralized raceway winding is arranged in a corresponding manner to the structure of the excitation core array. When in use, the design of the stator magnetic yoke is cancelled, so that the stator magnetic field can be rotated in the axial direction without change, and at the same time, the superconductor yttrium barium copper oxide block is attached to the surface of the rotor, and is directly cooled by liquid nitrogen arranged in the water channel, and the stator centralized raceway winding is formed by winding the superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strip, which greatly reduces the core loss and improves the motor efficiency and output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of disc motors, in particular to a disc all-superconducting motor, and more particularly to a disc stator-rotor all-superconducting motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mainstream drive motor design is increasingly developing towards high density, and the power density is also increasing year by year. It will become increasingly difficult for the high-power-density cylindrical motor to meet the development needs of high density.

[0003] The magnetic circuit structure of a traditional permanent magnet disk motor is as follows: the magnetic flux lines are emitted from the surface-mounted rotor N-pole magnet, pass through the stator excitation core through the air gap, and the magnetic circuit rotates in the stator yoke. After folding, it passes through the adjacent stator tooth excitation core through the air gap and returns to the S pole of the adjacent rotor magnet.

[0004] Traditional superconducting motors are all of traditional cylindrical configuration, which is far from the development trend of motors. The power density and torque density of superconducting motors are often difficult to improve due to the low density of their own systems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a disk-type all-superconducting motor, which eliminates the design of the stator excitation core yoke, so that the stator magnetic field has no rotational change along the axial direction and the magnetic field is more uniform. At the same time, yttrium barium copper oxide blocks of different heights are attached to the rotor surface, which greatly improves the air gap magnetic density compared with the traditional magnetization method, thereby improving the motor efficiency and output.

[0006] The objective of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a disk-type all-superconducting motor, comprising a shell, characterized in that a group of correspondingly arranged rotors are arranged in the shell, the rotors adopt a non-radial magnetization structure, the two correspondingly arranged rotors have different magnetization directions and opposite magnetic poles, a first stator positioning plate, a first stator cooling passage, a stator concentrated racetrack winding, a second stator cooling passage and a second stator positioning plate are arranged in sequence between the two rotors, an excitation core array is arranged between the stator concentrated racetrack winding and the second stator cooling passage, the structure of the stator concentrated racetrack winding is arranged in correspondence with the structure of the excitation core array, the structure of the stator concentrated racetrack winding and the structure of the excitation core array are fixed by the first and second stator positioning plates, the setting positions of the first and second stator cooling passages correspond to the positions of the stator concentrated racetrack winding and the two rotors, and the materials of the rotor and the stator concentrated racetrack winding are cooled.

[0007] Preferably, the excitation core array includes a plurality of excitation cores evenly distributed along the circumference, each excitation core is provided with winding setting slots on both sides, the stator centralized runway windings are wound one by one on the excitation cores, the excitation cores adopt the structural shape of stator pole shoes, the thickness of the stator pole shoes is 4-12mm, and gaps are provided between adjacent stator pole shoes.

[0008] Furthermore, a plurality of YBCO blocks are attached to the surface of the rotor, and a plurality of water channels evenly arranged along the radius of the rotor are provided on the rotor, and the positions of the water channels correspond to the positions of the YBCO blocks.

[0009] Furthermore, the shape of the YBCO block is cylindrical with a diameter of 8-25mm. The heights of adjacent YBCO blocks are different. According to the heights, they are divided into three types of YBCO blocks: the highest, the middle and the lowest. The four highest YBCO blocks are used as magnets, and the magnetization direction is vertically upward or downward. The middle and the lowest YBCO blocks are distributed on both sides of the highest YBCO block, which play the role of magnetic concentration. The magnetization direction deviates from the value by 45°-60°, and the magnetization directions of the middle and the lowest YBCO blocks are opposite.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention not only improves the overall technical solution, but also includes many improvements in details. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. The improved scheme of the present invention describes a set of rotors adopting a non-radial magnetization structure, in which two correspondingly arranged rotors have different magnetization directions and opposite magnetic poles, which significantly improves the power density, torque density and other indicators compared with the cylindrical motor;

[0012] 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the excitation core array includes a plurality of stator pole shoes evenly distributed along the circumference, so that the magnetic field generated by the stator is more uniform, and the design of the stator yoke is eliminated, so that the stator magnetic field can be rotated in the axial direction without change;

[0013] 3. The rotor surface of the present invention is attached with a superconductor yttrium barium copper oxide block, which is directly cooled by liquid nitrogen arranged in the water channel. The stator centralized raceway winding is wrapped with superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips, which greatly reduces the core loss and improves the motor efficiency and output;

[0014] 4. The present invention is provided with a rotor cooling water channel and a stator cooling passage structure, so that the superconductor yttrium barium copper oxide block on the rotor and the racetrack-shaped coil on the stator are reduced to below the critical temperature, showing superconducting characteristics, further reducing losses and improving the power density of the motor;

[0015] 5. The structure of the present invention is reasonable, efficient, and easy to implement and promote. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the motor of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator and rotor matching of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single excitation core of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excitation core array of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stator cooling passage in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator concentrated track winding in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first stator positioning plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second stator positioning plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the stator concentrated track winding, the excitation core array and the stator positioning plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection structure among the stator concentrated track winding, the excitation core array, the stator positioning plate and the stator cooling passage in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the inner and outer sleeves of the rotor back iron in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the present invention.

[0028] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the rotor skew pole structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which two rotors have different magnetizing directions in the implementation of the present invention.

[0030] The following are marked in the figure:

[0031] 1 rotor, 2 first stator positioning plate, 3 first stator cooling passage, 4 stator concentrated raceway winding, 5 excitation core array, 6 second stator cooling passage, 7 second stator positioning plate;

[0032] 11 yttrium barium copper oxide block, 12 water channel;

[0033] 21 round card slots;

[0034] 51 excitation core, 52 winding arrangement slot, 53 upper end, 54 lower end;

[0035] 71 Cylindrical positioning column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand how to practice the present invention. Although the present invention is described in conjunction with its preferred specific embodiments, these embodiments are only illustrative, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0037] The disk-type all-superconducting electric motor described in the present invention is Figure 1 , including a shell, which is different from the prior art in that a group of correspondingly arranged rotors 1 are arranged in the shell, and the rotors adopt a non-radial magnetization structure. The magnetization directions of the two correspondingly arranged rotors are different, and the magnetic poles are opposite. A first stator positioning plate 2, a first stator cooling passage 3, a stator concentrated raceway winding 4, a second stator cooling passage 6 and a second stator positioning plate 7 are arranged in sequence between the two rotors. An excitation core array 5 is arranged between the stator concentrated raceway winding 4 and the second stator cooling passage. The structure of the stator concentrated raceway winding corresponds to the structure of the excitation core array. The structure of the stator concentrated raceway winding is fixed to the structure of the excitation core array through the first and second stator positioning plates. The setting positions of the first and second stator cooling passages correspond to the positions of the stator concentrated raceway winding and the two rotors, and the materials of the rotor and the stator concentrated raceway winding are cooled. The cooling structure described here refers to the cooling structure jointly constituted by the first and second cooling passages. The first and second cooling passages are independently arranged and are not connected to each other. The structure of the stator concentrated track winding is arranged in correspondence with the structure of the excitation core array, that is, each excitation core is externally wound with a single track winding structure formed by wrapping a superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strip.

[0038] Specifically, the present invention eliminates the design of the stator excitation core yoke, so that the magnetic flux lines are led out from the surface-mounted rotor N-pole magnetic steel, and then reach the stator excitation core through the air gap, pass straight through the inside of the stator excitation core, and reach the S-pole magnetic steel of the other rotor reverse magnetization through the air gap. Since the design of the magnetic yoke is eliminated, the rotor magnetic field does not change along the axial direction, so the stator excitation core can be selected from oriented silicon steel materials or anisotropic high magnetic permeability materials to replace traditional non-oriented silicon steel, which has a stronger saturation magnetic density.

[0039] At the same time, the magnetization method of the rotor surface-mounted YBCO blocks of different heights of the present invention is non-radial magnetization, and a three-dimensional radial Halbach array is used for magnetic concentration, so that the air gap magnetic flux density is greatly improved compared with the traditional magnetization method. At the same time, a cooling circuit is buried inside the rotor back iron, and the coolant is filled through the hollow shaft, so that the YBCO block is cooled to below the critical temperature to show superconductivity.

[0040] In one embodiment, the present invention proposes a radial magnetic field disc-type stator-rotor all-superconducting motor design, the rotor adopts a non-radial magnetization structure, a plurality of YBCO blocks 11 are attached to the rotor surface, and a plurality of water channels 12 are arranged evenly along the rotor radius, and the positions of the water channels correspond to the positions of the YBCO blocks. Fig.11 In the rotor, there are an inner sleeve at the top and an outer sleeve of a Yttrium Barium Copper Oxide block material at different heights. The coolant enters the rotor through the hollow shaft and then flows into the coolant tank through the gap of the water channel. The coolant is liquid nitrogen or liquid helium. The coolant does not need to flow out, but only needs to be kept in the water channel formed by the upper and lower parts. By controlling the pressure in the cooling channel, the filling degree of the coolant in the cooling channel can be controlled.

[0041] The nested structure design inside and outside the water channel ensures the space of the coolant passage, allowing liquid nitrogen or liquid helium coolant to flow in smoothly, so that the surface-mounted yttrium barium copper oxide block material is reduced to below the critical temperature and exhibits superconducting properties. In the stator structure, the structure of the stator centralized track winding corresponds to the structure of the excitation core array. The excitation core array includes a number of excitation cores 51 evenly distributed along the circumference. The two sides of each excitation core are respectively provided with winding setting grooves 52. The stator centralized track winding is wound on the excitation core one by one. The stator centralized track winding is formed by winding superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips. The core body is made of oriented silicon steel material or directly cast with cobalt-based amorphous melt. This can greatly reduce the core loss and improve the power density of the motor.

[0042] Specifically, the rotor back iron of the present invention adopts an internal and external nesting method to form the rotor back iron and its cooling passage, and the two parts of the rotor material to be nested are made of low-temperature resistant stainless steel. Due to its internal and external nesting method, the complex water channel structure can be simply processed by a CNC milling machine and simply completed on the surface of the two original parts. At the same time, the two parts are combined together by interference fit or bolt connection, so that the cooling passage can be combined. At the same time, groove structures are arranged in sequence according to the position of the yttrium barium copper oxide material applied on the surface, so that the coolant can be smoothly stored in the groove structure to ensure that the yttrium barium copper oxide block material is cooled to below the critical temperature. When the coolant is introduced, the coolant port should be controlled so that the original air inside the coolant can be discharged smoothly, and there will be no atmospheric pressure exceeding 1 bar to affect the coolant pressure. After the air is discharged, the coolant pressure is controlled to control the degree of filling of the coolant in the rotor cooling passage.

[0043] The rotor surface is attached with a yttrium-barium-copper-oxide block structure, with thermally conductive adhesive attached to the rotor back iron. The two rotors have different magnetizing directions, with the N pole of the lower rotor generally corresponding to the S pole of the upper rotor, thus forming a closed magnetic circuit. The shape of the YBCO block is cylindrical or cubic, with a diameter of 8-25mm. The heights of adjacent YBCO blocks are different. According to the height, they are divided into three types of YBCO blocks: the highest, the middle and the lowest. The four highest magnets act as magnetic poles, with a thickness of 4-10mm and a magnetization direction of vertical or up or down; the YBCO block with the middle height is distributed on both sides of the highest magnet, following the direction of the magnetic circuit generated by the rotor, and plays the role of magnetic concentration for the air gap magnetic field. The thickness is 2-8mm, and the magnetization direction is 45°-60° away from the value; the YBCO block with the smallest thickness is also distributed on both sides of the highest magnet, following the direction of the magnetic circuit generated by the rotor, and plays the role of magnetic concentration for the air gap magnetic field. The thickness is 0.5-6mm, and the magnetization direction is 45°-60° away from the value, which is opposite to the magnetization direction of the YBCO block with the middle height. For details, see Fig.14 .

[0044] In another embodiment, considering that the outer diameter of the rotor back iron selected in this scheme is 180mm, the motor pole slot combination uses 4 poles and 6 slots. For the motor described in the present invention, the pole slot combination satisfies the least common multiple of the rotor number of stages and the number of stator slots, that is, Max{LCM (number of rotor poles, number of stator slots)}. The larger the better. The outer diameter of the rotor can also be designed according to different sizes. In this embodiment, the rotor thickness is 20mm and the air gap width is 1mm. The measurement method is the distance from the highest end surface of the rotor N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets to the stator pole shoe, that is, the air gap width. The thickness of the N-pole and S-pole superconducting material is 6mm (that is, the thickness of the highest four magnetic steels), and the corresponding thickness of the magnetic superconducting material is 5mm and 4.5mm (that is, the thickness of the middle and lowest two yttrium barium copper oxide blocks). The larger the outer diameter of the rotor, the thickness of the rotor, the air gap length and the thickness of the superconducting block material need to be adjusted accordingly.

[0045] Specifically, the excitation core array includes a plurality of excitation cores evenly distributed along the circumference, and winding setting grooves are respectively provided on both sides of each excitation core. The stator concentrated track windings are wound on the excitation cores one by one, and the excitation cores adopt the structural shape of the stator pole shoes, and gaps are provided between adjacent stator pole shoes. The stator concentrated track windings are positioned and fixed to the excitation core array through the first and second stator positioning plates to form a whole, wherein the second stator positioning plate is provided with a raised cylindrical positioning column 71, and the first stator positioning plate is provided with a circular slot 21 matched with the positioning column. The first and second stator positioning plates are regular polygons, and their outer shape structure coincides with the bottom edge of one side of the trapezoidal structure of the stator pole shoe, and the height of the positioning column matches the height of the stator pole shoe, so that the first and second stator positioning plates can just play a fixing role in the height direction of the excitation core array.

[0046] The stator concentrated track winding is formed by wrapping superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips. When wrapping the superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips, copper brackets are added to support the winding formation. The brackets here can be arc segments, which can be continuous or discontinuous with each other. Several sheets of oriented silicon steel are stacked along the vertical rolling surface. The rolling direction conforms to the direction of the magnetic circuit. The formed stator pole shoes include the middle core body and the upper and lower ends arranged on both ends of the core body. The core body is formed by the bottom edges of two trapezoidal parts being butt-jointed, and the upper and lower ends are trapezoidal in structure. The upper and lower ends are also isosceles trapezoidal structures corresponding to the trapezoidal parts, and the areas of the upper and lower ends are larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the core body. The core body is made of oriented silicon steel material or directly cast by cobalt-based amorphous melt, which can greatly reduce the core loss and improve the power density of the motor.

[0047] In another embodiment, the rotor adopts a skewed pole structure, the yttrium barium copper oxide block is a segmented structure, and the skewed pole angle is in the tilt range of 0.5° to 30°. It has been verified that this method has an elimination rate of torque pulsation between 10% and 87.2%. For details, see Fig.13 . Since the oblique pole structure of the disk motor is different from that of the cylinder motor, the similarity is that the two rows of magnets are arranged circumferentially at an angle that is staggered. The staggered angle is the oblique pole angle, and the maximum value is smaller than the angle between each magnet in the Hellbach array (a total of 12 blocks) using 2 pairs of poles and 3 groups of magnets. The larger the oblique pole angle, the stronger the ability to weaken torque pulsation, but it will reduce the average output torque. The surface-mounted yttrium barium copper oxide block material here is intended to replace the permanent magnet magnet of neodymium iron boron material. It can be in the form of a rectangle or a cylinder. In this application case, it is a cylinder. The block structure of the magnet can reduce the eddy current generated inside the magnet, because the larger the volume of the block permanent magnet, the larger the eddy current generated. The block structure can first enable the application of oblique pole technology, and secondly, it can effectively reduce the eddy current loss of the magnet and further improve the motor density.

[0048] The first and second stator cooling passages have the same structure. The first and second stator cooling passages are staggered and wound between adjacent excitation cores, so that the inner and outer sides of each excitation core correspond to the position of at least one stator cooling passage. The corresponding setting here is that the cooling passage can produce an effective cooling effect on the stator concentrated track winding, so that the stator concentrated track winding wound on the excitation core can be reduced to below the critical temperature under the action of the stator cooling passage, showing superconducting characteristics, further reducing losses and improving the power density of the motor.

[0049] Specifically, the first and second stator cooling channels are made of glass fiber or copper tubes. The first and second stator cooling channels are independently arranged, and the interior is a hollow structure. The first and second stator cooling channels are provided with a liquid inlet. The first and second stator cooling channels are provided with a coolant, and the coolant is liquid nitrogen or liquid helium. Furthermore, the coolant can be stored smoothly in the pipeline structure to ensure that the yttrium barium copper oxide strip is cooled to below the critical temperature. When the coolant is introduced, the coolant port should be controlled so that the original air inside the coolant can be discharged smoothly, and there will be no atmospheric pressure exceeding 1 bar to affect the coolant pressure. After the air is discharged, the coolant pressure is controlled to control the degree of filling of the coolant in the stator cooling passage.

[0050] The stator structure has a distance between adjacent pole shoes of 3 to 10 mm on the closer side and 8 to 20 mm on the farther side, and a pole shoe thickness of 4 to 12 mm. The positioning plate component is a low-temperature resistant resin material, and its pointed shape fits the two short sides of the stator core to play a positioning role. The stator bevel angle θ is 6° to 40°, and the thickness of the entire stator excitation core is 30 to 80 mm thick. The specific thickness can be adjusted according to the pole slot matching and the stator outer diameter. For example, the thickness of the entire stator excitation core is 30 to 80 mm thick, and the specific thickness can be adjusted according to the pole slot matching. The middle slot of the pole slot matching refers to the part of the spacing between the two stator pole shoes. The number of slots can be used to indicate how many windings and core components the stator uses. For example, six windings and core components are used in this implementation case, so the number of slots is 6, and the number of stator poles is 4, with a total of 2 pairs of poles.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, the stator outer diameter is 180mm, the pole shoe thickness is 5mm, the stator pole shoe includes a middle core body and upper and lower ends provided at both ends of the core body, the core body is formed by butting the bottom edges of two trapezoidal parts together, so the core body has three widths, namely 16mm, 47mm and 24mm, of which 47mm is the width of the bottom edge, which is the butt joint of the two trapezoidal parts, and 16mm and 24mm are the lengths of the top edges of the two trapezoidal parts, respectively, see Figure 3 The structure in. The air gap width is 1mm, measured as the distance from the highest end surface of the rotor N-pole and S-pole permanent magnets to the stator pole shoe. The width of the racetrack superconducting tape is 30mm, and a centralized winding is adopted with 120 turns. Due to the brittleness of the superconducting tape, the maximum expansion and contraction rate of the racetrack winding of this topological structure does not exceed 0.2%. The inside can be supported by a disconnected copper bracket, but there is no support in this implementation case. The material used for the stator excitation core is an inorganic coated low-temperature resistant oriented silicon steel material. The thickness of the N-pole and S-pole superconducting materials is 6mm, and the corresponding magnetic superconducting material thickness is 5mm and 4.5mm. The larger the outer diameter of the rotor, the more necessary it is to adjust the thickness of the rotor, the air gap length, and the thickness of the superconducting block.

[0052] The rotor surface pasting material described in the present invention is a yttrium barium copper oxide block material, which is pasted with a thermal conductive adhesive, with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 mm, and a critical temperature of more than 77K, which is much lower than the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. It can be cooled by liquid nitrogen coolant or liquid helium coolant with better cooling effect. Since the yttrium barium copper oxide block material is a highly brittle superconducting material, the elongation of the block yttrium barium copper oxide material needs to be less than 0.2%, so the topological structure of the yttrium barium copper oxide block material is selected to be cylindrical, which can not only ensure the uniformity of the magnetic density height, but also conform to the brittleness of the yttrium barium copper oxide material. The shape of the yttrium barium copper oxide block material described in the present invention is cylindrical, and its diameter length is determined according to the size of the rotor back iron, within the range of 8 to 25 mm. If it is too large, it will produce too high a moment of inertia, which is proportional to the flat motor structure. The air gap length of the motor of the present invention is 0.5-4 mm, which is calculated as the length from the upper end surface of the YBCO block with the highest thickness to the end surface of the stator excitation core.

[0053] The stator water channel part is in an unconnected form, and is closely attached to the lower end surface of the stator pole shoe part, so that each coil can be fully surrounded and cooled from the overall perspective. The pipeline structure adopts a low-temperature resistant glass fiber structure, but the operating temperature of the stator track coil is reduced to below the critical temperature, so that the coil produces superconductivity. The rotor water channel is centrally divergent, and a complex structure is formed by simple operation of a CNC milling machine, and the water channel structure is in the form of internal and external nesting. In this embodiment, the internal and external nesting form is assembled by tolerance matching, and other corresponding special matching methods such as screw fastening connection are also feasible. For the motor described in the present invention, the larger the lowest common multiple of the rotor and stator pole slot matching, the better the effect of suppressing torque pulsation will be.

[0054] The hollow shaft of the rotor is driven through the threaded holes on the rotor disc. The rotor disc drives the rotor space axis to rotate and transmits the mechanical energy generated by the rotor. The rotor adopts non-radial magnetization. The rotor is equipped with 12 integer multiples of block-shaped yttrium barium copper oxide materials, with a total quadrupole structure. The magnetization direction of the yttrium barium copper block materials in four mutually perpendicular directions is vertically upward or downward. The magnetization directions of two adjacent yttrium barium copper oxide materials are distributed along the magnetic field lines in the direction of magnetic concentration. The two rotors have different magnetization directions and opposite magnetic poles. For details, see Fig.14 .

[0055] Furthermore, the upper and lower rotors should not be magnetic when they are manufactured. The rotor is magnetized by a high-current capacitive magnetizer for non-radial magnetization. At this time, liquid nitrogen coolant is passed into the rotor back iron through the inside of the hollow shaft, and the filling degree of the coolant passage inside the rotor is controlled by controlling the internal pressure of the coolant at the port. At this time, due to the cooling of liquid nitrogen, the yttrium barium copper oxide block material with the surface heat transfer glue applied exhibits superconducting properties. Due to the complete anti-magnetism of the superconducting material, the closed magnetic field generated by the magnetizing current will be sealed inside the block material by the superconducting material. At this time, the block material can be equivalent to a permanent magnet structure with a super-high magnetic energy product.

[0056] It should be noted that the fully described invention may also have a variety of variations and modifications, and is not limited to the specific embodiments of the above embodiments. The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention, not limiting thereof. In short, the scope of protection of the invention should include those variations or substitutions and modifications that are obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A disk-type all-superconducting electric motor, comprising a housing, characterized in that: A group of correspondingly arranged rotors are arranged in the shell, and the rotors adopt a non-radial magnetization structure. The magnetization directions of the two correspondingly arranged rotors are different, and the magnetic poles are opposite. A first stator positioning plate, a first stator cooling passage, a stator concentrated raceway winding, a second stator cooling passage and a second stator positioning plate are arranged in sequence between the two rotors. An excitation core array is arranged between the stator concentrated raceway winding and the second stator cooling passage. The structure of the stator concentrated raceway winding corresponds to the structure of the excitation core array. The structure of the stator concentrated raceway winding is fixed to the structure of the excitation core array through the first and second stator positioning plates. The setting positions of the first and second stator cooling passages correspond to the positions of the stator concentrated raceway winding and the two rotors, so as to cool the materials of the rotor and the stator concentrated raceway winding. The rotor adopts a non-radial magnetization structure, and a plurality of yttrium is attached to the surface of the rotor. The invention relates to a barium copper oxide block material, wherein a plurality of water channels are evenly arranged along the radius of the rotor, and the positions of the water channels correspond to the positions of the yttrium barium copper oxide block material; the rotor structure is a rotor back iron with an inner and outer nested structure, and an outer sleeve of the yttrium barium copper oxide block material of different heights and an inner sleeve embedded in the convex edge of the outer sleeve are attached to the surface, and a cooling liquid tank structure is sequentially arranged at the position of the yttrium barium copper oxide block material corresponding to the outer sleeve, and a water channel (12) is arranged on the surface of the outer sleeve facing the inner sleeve, and the cooling liquid enters the rotor through the hollow shaft, and then flows into the cooling liquid tank through the gap of the water channel, so that the cooling liquid is stored in the cooling liquid tank structure, and the yttrium barium copper oxide block material is cooled to below the critical temperature; the cooling liquid is liquid nitrogen or liquid helium, and the cooling liquid is kept full in the cooling passage by controlling the pressure in the cooling passage; the rotor adopts an oblique pole structure, and the yttrium barium copper oxide block is a segmented structure, and the oblique pole angle is within the inclination range of 0.5°~30°.

2. A disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation core array includes a number of excitation cores evenly distributed along the circumference, each excitation core is provided with winding setting slots on both sides, the stator centralized runway windings are wound on the excitation cores one by one, and the excitation core adopts the structural shape of the stator pole shoe. The thickness of the stator pole shoe is 4-12mm, and there is a gap between adjacent stator pole shoes.

3. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the YBCO block is cylindrical, and its diameter is 8-25mm. The heights of adjacent YBCO blocks are different. According to the height, they are divided into three types of YBCO blocks: the highest, the middle and the lowest. The four highest YBCO blocks are used as magnets, and the magnetization direction is vertically upward or downward. The middle and the lowest YBCO blocks are distributed on both sides of the highest YBCO block, which play the role of magnetic concentration. The magnetization direction deviates from the vertical by 45°-60°, and the magnetization directions of the middle and the lowest YBCO blocks are opposite.

4. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second stator positioning plate is provided with a raised cylindrical positioning column, and the first stator positioning plate is provided with a circular slot matching the positioning column. The first and second stator positioning plates are regular polygons, and their outer shapes are consistent with the side structures of the excitation core. The height of the positioning column matches the height of the excitation core.

5. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first and second stator cooling passages have the same structure and are staggered and wound between adjacent excitation cores, so that the inner and outer sides of each excitation core correspond to the position of at least one stator cooling passage.

6. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first and second stator cooling channels are made of glass fiber or copper tubes. The first and second stator cooling channels are independently arranged and have a hollow structure inside. The first and second stator cooling channels are provided with liquid inlets. Coolant is provided in the first and second stator cooling channels. The coolant is liquid nitrogen or liquid helium.

7. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several sheets of oriented silicon steel are stacked along the vertical rolling direction to form a stator pole shoe including a middle core body and upper and lower ends arranged at both ends of the core body. The core body is formed by butting and splicing the bottom edges of two trapezoidal parts, and the upper and lower ends are trapezoidal structures.

8. The disk-type all-superconducting motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator concentrated raceway winding is formed by wrapping superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips. When wrapping the superconducting yttrium barium copper oxide strips, copper brackets are added to support the winding formation.

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