A surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength resistance to rock burst pressure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, including an anchor body, the head end of which is provided with an anchor fixing end; an anchor through hole, which is arranged in the anchor body; a rope ruler, the head end of which is fixedly connected to the anchor fixing port, and the end of which extends to the outside of the anchor body through the anchor through hole; an anti-impact ground pressure device, which is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the anchor body. Due to the increase in the number of impact ground pressure occurrences, it becomes more difficult for the monitoring anchor to support itself during the monitoring process by relying on its own support strength. The present invention adopts an anti-impact ground pressure impact device, which can generate a huge buffering force and offset the huge impact ground stress generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock. Based on the observation of the front and rear changes of the rope ruler on the anchor body and the end outlet of the anchor through hole, the rope ruler reading on the anchor body before and after the deformation can be observed through the deformation of the surrounding rock to perform accurate measurement.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of anchor support for underground engineering, and in particular to a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics. [Background technology]

[0002] The surrounding rock has a large deformation amount, a fast deformation rate, and an increasing number of rock bursts. It becomes increasingly difficult for monitoring anchor rods to rely on their own support strength to provide support during the monitoring process, and the possibility of monitoring anchor rod support failure is increasing. Traditional detection anchor rods often cause distortion of monitoring data due to sudden failure of anchor rods caused by rock bursts during data monitoring.

[0003] At present, deep base point displacement meters are used to measure surrounding rock displacement. Although the deep base point displacement meters using drilling measurement technology are simple in principle and easy to operate, if the surrounding rock suddenly experiences impact ground pressure during measurement, not only may the measurement results be inaccurate, but safety accidents may also occur. [Summary of the invention]

[0004] The invention proposes a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, aiming to solve the problem of inaccurate measurement results when ground pressure impact occurs.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics, comprising:

[0007] An anchor rod body, the first end of which is provided with an anchor rod fixing end head;

[0008] An anchor rod through hole, which is arranged in the anchor rod body;

[0009] A rope ruler, the head end of which is fixedly connected to the anchor rod fixed end, and the tail end of which extends out of the anchor rod body through the anchor rod through hole;

[0010] The anti-impact ground pressure device is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the anchor rod body.

[0011] In the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristic as described above, the zero scale line of the rope ruler is flush with the end opening position of the anchor rod through hole.

[0012] As described above, in the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristic, the anchor rod body is provided with a limiting piece sleeved on its exposed section, and the limiting piece is fixedly connected to the anchor rod body through a fixing piece.

[0013] As described above, the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, the anchor fixed end includes a fixed hook extending from the head end of the anchor body to the end of the anchor body.

[0014] As described above, a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics has a plurality of anti-impact ground pressure devices distributed along the axial direction of the anchor body, and the anti-impact ground pressure device includes a plurality of anti-impact units arranged around the outer peripheral side of the anchor body, and the anti-impact unit includes two baffles arranged relatively to form a mounting groove, a buffer portion arranged at both ends of the inner side of the mounting groove, a pressure-bearing base arranged between the two buffer portions, and an anti-impact plate cooperatively connected to the pressure-bearing base, and the anti-impact plate moves along the radial direction of the anchor body to squeeze the pressure-bearing base, so that the pressure-bearing base squeezes the buffer portion along the axial direction of the anchor body.

[0015] As described above, in the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, the inner side of the anti-impact plate is provided with an extrusion end, and the pressure-bearing base is provided with a pressure-bearing groove for the extrusion end to move radially along the anchor body.

[0016] As described above, in a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, the pressure-bearing groove includes a plurality of unit holes distributed radially along the anchor body, two adjacent unit holes are connected, and the unit holes include an annular slope and a circular through hole arranged at the end of the annular slope, and the inner diameter of the inner cavity formed by the annular slope gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the anchor body.

[0017] A construction method for surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod using high-strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: drilling an anchor hole in the rock mass to be supported, wherein the length of the anchor hole is less than the overall length of the anchor rod to be installed, and the diameter of the anchor hole is greater than the outer diameter of the anti-impact ground pressure device installed on the anchor rod;

[0019] Step S2: Put an anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and put the prepared anchor rod into the anchor hole as a whole;

[0020] Step S3: The anchor body is pressed into the anchor hole by an anchor installation machine, and the anchoring agent is squeezed and stirred evenly to fill the anchor hole. After it solidifies, the nut is tightened to apply a certain pre-tightening force to fix the exposed section of the anchor.

[0021] Step S4: Observe the reading of the portion where the rope ruler on the anchor rod is flush with the end outlet of the anchor rod through hole to determine the initial surrounding rock movement distance.

[0022] Step S5: After a certain period of time, observe again the reading at the position where the rope ruler on the anchor rod is flush with the end outlet of the anchor rod through hole, and subtract the reading obtained during the initial measurement from the newly measured reading to confirm the movement distance of the surrounding rock in the current state.

[0023] As described above, in the construction method of the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, in step S4, the part of the scale of the rope ruler extending from the zero scale to the outside of the anchor body is the positive scale, and the part of the scale extending into the anchor through hole is the negative scale.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The present invention solves the problems that ordinary anchor rods are prone to failure during the support process of easily deformable rock masses and that anchor rods are prone to shear fracture due to excessive impact ground pressure through an anti-impact ground pressure device.

[0026] 2. The present invention solves the problems of anchoring and measuring displacement of easily deformable surrounding rock by displaying different readings on the rope ruler at the end of the anchor rod through hole. It can maintain the extension of the anchor rod with different resistances when the rock mass is displaced, measure the displacement of the surrounding rock, and has a good buffering effect on surrounding rock with excessive impact ground pressure.

[0027] 3. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to use and operate, has reliable measurement results, and can measure surrounding rock displacement with a single anchor rod.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-impact ground pressure transposition of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod fixed end of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the transposed AA surface of the medium rock burst resistance;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the transposed BB surface of the medium impact resistance rock pressure;

[0035] Figure 7yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the CC surface of the medium impact resistance transposed. [Specific implementation method]

[0036] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0037] When the embodiments of the present invention mention ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second", unless they do express the meaning of order according to the context, they should be understood as being merely for the purpose of distinction.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics is characterized by comprising:

[0040] An anchor body 1, the first end of which is provided with an anchor fixing end 2;

[0041] An anchor through hole 3, which is provided in the anchor body 1;

[0042] A rope ruler 4, the head end of which is fixedly connected to the anchor rod fixed end 2, and the tail end of which extends out of the anchor rod body 1 through the anchor rod through hole 3;

[0043] The anti-impact ground pressure device 5 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the anchor body 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, the present invention studies the anchoring technology of soft and easily deformable surrounding rock and the technical achievements in related fields, and solves the problems that ordinary anchor rods are prone to failure during the support process of easily deformable rock masses, and are prone to shear fracture of anchor rods due to excessive impact ground pressure. In addition, the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to use and operate, and has reliable measurement results, and can measure surrounding rock displacement with a single anchor rod.

[0045] Furthermore, the zero scale line of the rope ruler 4 is flush with the end hole position of the anchor rod through hole 3. In the present embodiment, the zero scale line of the rope ruler and the end of the anchor rod through hole are both in the exposed section of the anchor rod body, which is convenient for surveyors to measure. Moreover, the structure in which the zero scale line and the end hole position are flush is simple, which is convenient for surveyors to read and measure.

[0046] Furthermore, the anchor body 1 is provided with a limit member 6 which is sleeved on its exposed section, and the limit member 6 is fixedly connected to the anchor body via a fixing member 7. In this embodiment, the limit member 6 can pre-tighten and fix the anchor body 1 on the surrounding rock to prevent the device from shifting, making it easy for surveyors to measure.

[0047] Furthermore, the anchor rod fixed end 2 includes a fixed hook 8 extending from the head end of the anchor rod body 1 to the end of the anchor rod body 1. In the present embodiment, the fixed hook 8 can make the head end of the anchor rod have strong tensile resistance when the anchor rod body 1 is subjected to tension. Under the action of the anchor agent and the fixed hook 8, the position of the head end of the anchor rod can be greatly ensured to remain unchanged.

[0048] Furthermore, a plurality of anti-impact ground pressure devices 5 are distributed along the axial direction of the anchor body 1, and the anti-impact ground pressure device 5 includes a plurality of anti-impact units 9 arranged around the outer peripheral side of the anchor body 1, and the anti-impact unit 9 includes two baffles 901 arranged relatively to form a mounting groove 902, a buffer portion 903 arranged at both ends of the inner side of the mounting groove 902, a pressure base 904 arranged between the two buffer portions 903, and an anti-impact plate 905 connected to the pressure base 904. The plate 905 moves radially along the anchor body 1 to squeeze the pressure base 904, so that the pressure base 904 squeezes the buffer part 903 along the axial direction of the anchor body 1. In this embodiment, due to the pressure applied by the impact-resistant plate 905, the pressure base 904 is squeezed against the baffle 901 through the buffering effect of the buffer part 903, thereby generating a huge buffering force, and the buffering force acts in the opposite direction to the pressure base 904, thereby offsetting the huge impact stress generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock.

[0049] Furthermore, an extrusion end 906 is provided on the inner side of the impact-resistant plate 905, and a pressure-bearing groove 907 is provided in the pressure-bearing base 904 for allowing the extrusion end 906 to move radially along the anchor body 1. In this embodiment, the pressure-bearing groove 907 can withstand the impact of the surrounding rock on the impact-resistant plate and has a good buffering effect.

[0050] Furthermore, the pressure-bearing groove 907 includes a plurality of unit holes 908 distributed radially along the anchor body 1, and two adjacent unit holes 908 are connected. The unit hole 908 includes an annular slope 909 and a circular through hole 910 arranged at the end of the annular slope 909. The inner diameter of the inner cavity formed by the annular slope 909 gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the anchor body 1. In the present embodiment, the three interconnected unit holes 908 are ladder grooves, and the extrusion end 906 is also a ladder end. Each of the ladder grooves is larger than the size of the ladder end 906, and the ladder end 906 can be just placed in the ladder groove. When subjected to impact force, the ladder end 906 will move from the first ladder groove in the pressure-bearing base 904 to the second ladder groove. When the impact force is large enough, the second ladder groove will move to the third ladder groove.

[0051] In this embodiment, there is also a construction method for surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rods using high-strength anti-impact ground pressure characteristics, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step S1: drilling an anchor hole 3 in the rock mass to be supported, wherein the length of the anchor hole is less than the overall length of the anchor rod body 1 to be installed, and the diameter of the anchor hole is greater than the outer diameter of the anti-impact ground pressure device 5 installed on the anchor rod body 1;

[0053] Step S2: placing an anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and placing the prepared anchor rod body 1 as a whole into the anchor hole;

[0054] Step S3: The anchor body is pressed into the anchor hole by an anchor installation machine, and the anchoring agent is squeezed and stirred evenly to fill the anchor hole. After it solidifies, the nut is tightened to apply a certain pre-tightening force to fix the exposed section of the anchor.

[0055] Step S4: Observe the reading of the portion where the rope ruler 4 on the anchor body 1 is flush with the end outlet of the anchor through hole 3 to determine the initial surrounding rock movement distance.

[0056] Step S5: After a certain period of time, observe again the reading at the position where the rope ruler 4 on the anchor body 1 is flush with the end outlet of the anchor through hole 3, and subtract the reading obtained during the initial measurement from the newly measured reading to confirm the movement distance of the surrounding rock in the current state.

[0057] In this embodiment, different readings displayed on the rope ruler at the end of the anchor rod through hole are used to solve the problems of anchoring and measuring the displacement of easily deformable surrounding rock. When the rock mass is displaced, the anchor rod can be kept extended with different resistances, and the displacement of the surrounding rock can be measured. It also has a good buffering effect on the surrounding rock with excessive impact ground pressure.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S4, the scale portion of the rope ruler 4 extending from the zero scale to the outside of the anchor rod body is a positive scale, and the scale portion extending into the anchor rod through hole 3 is a negative scale.

[0059] Working principle:

[0060] When the present invention is used in a tunnel, when the displacement of the surrounding rock generates a large impact ground pressure that exceeds the range that the anchor itself can withstand, the anti-impact ground pressure device on the anchor will play a role in offsetting the impact ground pressure generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock. If the displacement of the surrounding rock gradually increases, the buffer force generated by the anti-impact ground pressure device will also gradually increase to further offset the impact ground pressure generated by the displacement of the surrounding rock. The deformation of the surrounding rock can also be accurately measured by the rope ruler readings on the anchor body before and after the deformation.

[0061] The above is an implementation method provided in combination with specific content, and it is not considered that the specific implementation of this application is limited to these descriptions. Any similarity or similarity with the method, structure, etc. of this application, or any technical deduction or replacement made on the premise of the concept of this application, shall be deemed to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics, characterized in that: include: An anchor rod body (1), the head end of which is provided with an anchor rod fixing end (2); An anchor rod through hole (3), which is arranged in the anchor rod body (1); A rope ruler (4), the head end of which is fixedly connected to the anchor rod fixed end (2), and the tail end of which extends out of the anchor rod body (1) through the anchor rod through hole (3); An anti-impact ground pressure device (5) arranged on the outer peripheral side of the anchor rod body (1); A plurality of anti-impact ground pressure devices (5) are distributed along the axial direction of the anchor rod body (1), the anti-impact ground pressure devices (5) comprising a plurality of anti-impact units (9) arranged around the outer peripheral side of the anchor rod body (1), the anti-impact unit (9) comprising two baffles (901) arranged opposite to each other to form a mounting groove (902), a buffer portion (903) arranged at two ends of the inner side of the mounting groove (902), a pressure-bearing base (904) arranged between the two buffer portions (903), and an anti-impact plate (905) connected to the pressure-bearing base (904), the anti-impact plate (905) being moved along the radial direction of the anchor rod body (1) to squeeze the pressure-bearing base (904), so that the pressure-bearing base (904) squeezes the buffer portion (903) along the axial direction of the anchor rod body (1); An extrusion end (906) is provided on the inner side of the impact-resistant plate (905), and a pressure-bearing groove (907) for allowing the extrusion end (906) to move radially along the anchor rod body (1) is provided in the pressure-bearing base (904); The pressure-bearing groove (907) comprises a plurality of unit holes (908) distributed radially along the anchor body (1), two adjacent unit holes (908) are connected, and the unit holes (908) comprise an annular inclined surface (909) and a circular through hole (910) provided at the end of the annular inclined surface (909), and the inner diameter of the inner cavity formed by the annular inclined surface (909) gradually decreases from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the anchor body (1).

2. The surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zero scale line of the rope ruler (4) is flush with the end opening of the anchor rod through hole (3).

3. The surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod body (1) is provided with a limiting member (6) sleeved on an exposed section thereof, and the limiting member (6) is fixedly connected to the anchor rod body via a fixing member (7).

4. The surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod fixed end (2) comprises a fixed hook (8) extending from the head end of the anchor rod body (1) to the tail end of the anchor rod body (1).

5. A construction method using the surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod with high strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1: drilling an anchor hole in the rock mass to be supported, wherein the length of the anchor hole is less than the overall length of the anchor rod body (1) to be installed, and the diameter of the anchor hole is greater than the outer diameter of the anti-impact ground pressure device (5) installed on the anchor rod body (1); Step S2: placing an anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and placing the prepared anchor rod body (1) into the anchor hole as a whole; Step S3: The anchor body (1) is pressed into the anchor hole by an anchor installation machine, and the anchoring agent is squeezed and stirred evenly to fill the anchor hole. After the anchoring agent solidifies, the nut is tightened to apply a certain pre-tightening force to fix the exposed section of the anchor; Step S4: observing the reading of the portion where the rope ruler (4) on the anchor body (1) is flush with the end outlet of the anchor through hole (3) to determine the initial surrounding rock movement distance; Step S5: After a certain period of time, the reading at the position where the rope scale (4) on the anchor body (1) is flush with the end outlet of the anchor through hole (3) is observed again, and the movement distance of the surrounding rock in the current state is confirmed by subtracting the newly measured reading from the reading obtained during the initial measurement.

6. The construction method of a surrounding rock deformation monitoring anchor rod using high-strength anti-impact rock pressure characteristics according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In step S4, the scale of the rope ruler (4) extending from the zero scale to the outside of the anchor rod body is a positive scale, and the scale of the rope ruler (4) extending into the anchor rod through hole (3) is a negative scale.

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