A precision forming method and system for guide sleeve forgings for engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precision forming method and system for a guide sleeve forging for engineering, including S100, placing a bar material into a sawing device for pretreatment to obtain a metal bar of unit size; S200, heating the metal bar step by step, and conveying the metal bar with a temperature within the range of 1100°C ± 20°C to a blank making machine to obtain a blank with a boss at the end; S300, conveying the blank into a forging die, extruding and buckling the blank into an upper mold cavity and a lower mold cavity to obtain a rough blank; S400, placing the rough blank into a trimming and punching die for trimming and punching to obtain a forging. It also includes a forging die, a trimming and punching die, and a manipulator; the forging die includes a forging upper die, a forging lower die, and a driving assembly, and the forging upper die and the forging lower die reciprocately forge the blank under the drive of the driving assembly. The invention improves the forging accuracy of the guide sleeve and also improves the mechanical properties of the guide sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal forging, and in particular to a precision forming method and system for a guide sleeve forging for engineering. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic cylinder on the forklift needs to frequently perform actions such as lifting, tilting, and quick response. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder of the forklift has to withstand greater pressure when working and has to meet position and structural requirements such as multiple connecting rods. In order to ensure the concentricity between the cylinder barrel and the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic rod needs to maintain the position requirements with the cylinder barrel during the up and down reciprocating motion.

[0003] In this process, the guide sleeve plays a vital role, so the position requirements of the guide sleeve are relatively strict. If the traditional casting method is continued to be used to produce the guide sleeve, there will be many defects and the position requirements cannot be accurately guaranteed. This is because in the process of casting the guide sleeve in the molten liquid, more bubbles will be generated when the molten steel is cast. When cooling, the volume of the bubbles decreases, resulting in reduced product accuracy and failure to meet the position requirements. In the subsequent use process, the piston rod and cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder cannot be accurately matched, thereby reducing the service life of the machine and even causing accidents in which the machine is destroyed and people are killed.

[0004] A process method and system for forming a guide sleeve by die forging is now needed to form a guide sleeve with higher dimensional accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a precision forming method and system for a guide sleeve forging for engineering use, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the guide sleeve dimensional accuracy cannot meet the requirements and the structure and matching accuracy are insufficient.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a precision forming method for a guide sleeve forging for engineering use, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S100, placing the bar material into a sawing device for pre-processing to obtain a metal bar of unit size;

[0009] S200, placing the metal rod into a preheating furnace for step-by-step heating, and conveying the metal rod with a temperature within a range of 1100° C.±20° C. to a blank making machine to obtain a blank with a boss at the end;

[0010] S300, using a manipulator to deliver the blank into a forging die, wherein upper and lower ends of the forging die are both provided with an upper mold cavity and a lower mold cavity, and the forging die is provided with a driving component capable of driving the upper and lower mold cavities to move up and down, and the driving component drives the upper and lower mold cavities of the forging die to simultaneously impact and forge the upper and lower ends of the blank for multiple times, so that the upper and lower ends of the blank are gradually formed;

[0011] The driving component moves toward the blank after each collision, and finally squeezes and buckles the blank into the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity to obtain a rough blank;

[0012] Wherein, heating rings are arranged on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity are heated before each impact forging, and the temperature of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity gradually approaches the temperature of the blank;

[0013] S400, a manipulator is used to place the rough blank into a trimming and punching die, a trimming cavity and a punching cavity are arranged on the trimming and punching die, and a trimming punch and a punching punch are arranged above the trimming cavity and the punching cavity respectively, the rough blank is placed in the trimming cavity and the punching cavity in turn for trimming and punching to obtain a target forging.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in S300, the isothermal forging includes the following steps:

[0015] In S300, the following steps are also included:

[0016] S301, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity once, sprays a release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, applies graphite emulsion to the boss position of the blank, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a first group of impacts on the blank to obtain a primary embryo body;

[0017] S302, the heating ring performs secondary heating on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a second group of impacts on the primary embryo body to obtain an intermediate embryo body;

[0018] S303, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity three times, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity extrude the intermediate embryo body to obtain the rough embryo;

[0019] Wherein, the temperature of the blank is greater than 1000°C, and the temperature of the rough blank is greater than 850°C.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first heating, the second heating and the third heating satisfy the following conditions: the heating temperature is 150°C-200°C.

[0021] The first forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 600J;

[0022] The second forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 590J;

[0023] The third forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 390J.

[0024] The present invention provides a precision forming system for a guide sleeve forging for engineering use, comprising:

[0025] Forging die, mounted on a workbench;

[0026] A trimming and punching die is installed on the side of the forging die and is used for trimming and punching the rough blank;

[0027] A manipulator, installed between the forging die and the trimming and punching die, used to fix the blank in the forging die and drive the rough blank to move onto the trimming and punching die;

[0028] Wherein, the forging die comprises a forging upper die, a forging lower die and a driving assembly, and the forging upper die and the forging lower die are driven by the driving assembly to reciprocately forge the blank;

[0029] The forging upper die and the forging lower die are both wrapped with heating rings.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the forging upper die forges the upper end of the blank, the upward movement distance of the forging upper die is less than the downward movement distance of the last forging;

[0031] After the forging lower die forges the lower end of the blank, the downward movement distance of the forging lower die is less than the upward movement distance of the last forging;

[0032] After the rough blank is formed, the forging lower die and the forging upper die are driven by the driving assembly to return to the initial position before the first forging.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the forging upper die comprises a cover plate and an upper die cavity arranged at the center of the cover plate, and four positioning protrusions are arranged at four corners of the cover plate;

[0034] The forging lower die includes a bottom plate and a lower model cavity at the center of the bottom plate, a top piece through hole is arranged at the bottom of the lower model cavity, positioning fixing grooves corresponding to the positioning protrusions are arranged at the four corners of the bottom plate, annular flash grooves and flash bridges are arranged on the inner walls of the lower model cavity and the upper model cavity, and the heating coils are respectively wound around the outer walls of the cover plate and the bottom plate.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the flash groove and the flash bridge located in the lower mold cavity fit with the lower end of the rough blank, and the flash groove and the flash bridge located in the upper mold cavity fit with the upper end of the rough blank.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a first clamping arm connected to the lower end of the bottom plate and a second clamping arm connected to the cover plate, the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are connected via a driving shaft, and the driving shaft drives the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm to open and close;

[0037] A control component is disposed on the driving shaft, and the control component is used to control the opening and closing speeds and opening and closing angles of the first clamping arm and the second clamping arm.

[0038] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the trimming and punching die comprises an upper top plate, a stripping plate and a cutting edge which are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, a trimming punch and a punching punch are arranged vertically below the upper top plate, and the trimming punch and the punching punch both pass vertically through the stripping plate and are parallel to each other;

[0039] The cutting edge is provided with a trimming cavity and a punching cavity, both of which are used to fix the rough blank, the trimming cavity is vertically arranged below the trimming punch, and the punching cavity is vertically arranged below the punching punch;

[0040] Driven by the robot, the rough blank passes through the lower mold cavity, the trimming cavity and the punching cavity in sequence.

[0041] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the punching punch is greater than the length of the trimming punch.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The present invention changes casting into forging, which greatly improves production efficiency and material utilization;

[0044] 2. The present invention adopts the steps of inspection, blanking, heating, blanking, pre-forging, final forging, trimming and the like to forge the guide sleeve of ferrous metal, a complete forming process, and adopts an isothermal forging method to improve the plasticity of the blank, which can not only greatly improve the mechanical properties of the guide sleeve, but also solve a series of problems such as sand holes, pores, and discontinuous metal fibers generated in the casting process of the guide sleeve, and can further improve the accuracy of the external dimensions of the guide sleeve, reduce the machining workload, and reduce the machining cost;

[0045] 2. The present invention has a refined mold structure, which further solves the problem of assembly accuracy, so that the guide sleeve can meet the strength and position requirements of the assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for precision forming a guide sleeve forging for engineering is provided for the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a precision forming system for a guide sleeve forging for engineering;

[0049] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of a precision forming system of a guide sleeve forging for engineering is provided for the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a forging die is provided for the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the top view of the forging upper die is provided for the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a forging lower die from a top view is provided for the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a trimming and punching die is provided for the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial top view of the trimming and punching die is provided for the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal rod provided by the present invention;

[0056] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a blank is provided for the present invention;

[0057] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a target forging is provided for the present invention.

[0058] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0059] 1- sawing device; 2- preheating furnace; 3- forging die; 4- trimming and punching die; 5- normalizing furnace; 6- shot blasting machine; 7- manipulator; 8- heating coil; 9- driving assembly; 10- metal rod; 11- embryo making machine; 12- embryo; 13- forging; 14- flash groove; 15- flash bridge;

[0060] 301-forging upper die; 302-forging lower die;

[0061] 3011-cover plate; 3012-upper mold cavity; 3013-positioning protrusion;

[0062] 3021-bottom plate; 3022-lower mold cavity; 3023-positioning groove; 3024-top piece through hole;

[0063] 401-upper top plate; 402-stripping plate; 403-cutting edge; 404-trimming punch; 405-punching punch; 406-trimming cavity; 407-punching cavity;

[0064] 901 - first clamping arm; 902 - second clamping arm; 903 - driving shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] The cast guide sleeve has problems such as sand holes, many pores, coarse grains, discontinuous metal fibers, inferior mechanical properties to forgings, and poor fatigue resistance. At the same time, the guide sleeve manufactured by this method cannot meet the problems of matching position and structural accuracy. Therefore, a precision forming method for engineering guide sleeve forgings is provided, which is used for the precision forming of guide sleeve forgings for ferrous metal engineering machinery.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a precision forming method for a guide sleeve forging for engineering use, comprising the following steps:

[0068] S100, placing the bar material into a sawing device for pre-processing to obtain a metal bar of unit size;

[0069] S200, placing the metal rod into a preheating furnace for step-by-step heating, and conveying the metal rod with a temperature within a range of 1100° C.±20° C. to a blank making machine to obtain a blank with a boss at the end;

[0070] S300, using a manipulator to deliver the blank into a forging die, wherein upper and lower ends of the forging die are both provided with an upper mold cavity and a lower mold cavity, and the forging die is provided with a driving component capable of driving the upper and lower mold cavities to move up and down, and the driving component drives the upper and lower mold cavities of the forging die to simultaneously impact and forge the upper and lower ends of the blank for multiple times, so that the upper and lower ends of the blank are gradually formed;

[0071] The driving component moves toward the blank after each collision, and finally squeezes and buckles the blank into the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity to obtain a rough blank;

[0072] Wherein, heating rings are arranged on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity are heated before each impact forging, and the temperature of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity gradually approaches the temperature of the blank;

[0073] S400, a manipulator is used to place the rough blank into a trimming and punching die, a trimming cavity and a punching cavity are arranged on the trimming and punching die, and a trimming punch and a punching punch are arranged above the trimming cavity and the punching cavity respectively, the rough blank is placed in the trimming cavity and the punching cavity in turn for trimming and punching to obtain a target forging.

[0074] In this embodiment, the size of the metal bars in S100 can be selected within a wide range, and each batch of metal bars needs to be tested before being cut to see whether they meet the standard size required for this forging.

[0075] In this embodiment, in order to improve the fatigue resistance of the forgings, in S200, the temperature of the metal rod needs to be strictly heated to within the range of 1100℃±20℃, and the temperature of the metal rod needs to be checked every 1 hour to prevent overburning, overheating and rapid burning from causing surface oxidation. If overburning and rapid burning occur, the metal rod needs to be scrapped. If the temperature of the metal rod is lower than or equal to the temperature range of the process, reheating is allowed, that is, concentrated reheating after cooling, but not more than three times.

[0076] In this embodiment, since ferrous metal materials are difficult to form, in order to improve the plasticity of forgings, in S300, the forging upper die and the forging lower die need to be heated, and the temperature of the forging upper die and the forging lower die is made slightly lower than that of the blank. The blank is forged multiple times using the heated forging upper die and the forging lower die. At this time, the plasticity of the alloy blank at this temperature is greatly improved, and it is extruded at a slower downward speed of the forging press until the blank fills the cavity of the mold, thereby achieving gentle external forging.

[0077] In this embodiment, in order to improve the precision of the forging, in S400, the lower end of the rough blank can be completely fixed in the trimming cavity and the punching cavity during trimming and punching.

[0078] There are many steps and complex forging process when forging the guide sleeve, but the forging efficiency is high, the cycle is fast, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Forging can solve a series of problems such as sand holes, pores, and discontinuous metal fibers generated during the casting process of the guide sleeve, and can further improve the accuracy of the external dimensions of the guide sleeve.

[0079] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the plasticity of the blank, in S300, the isothermal forging includes the following steps:

[0080] S301, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity once, sprays a release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, applies graphite emulsion to the boss position of the blank, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a first group of impacts on the blank to obtain a primary embryo body;

[0081] S302, the heating ring performs secondary heating on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a second group of impacts on the primary embryo body to obtain an intermediate embryo body;

[0082] S303, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity three times, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity extrude the intermediate embryo body to obtain the rough embryo.

[0083] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the strength of the blank from being too low and causing damage to the mold, the temperature of the blank is greater than 1000°C and the temperature of the rough blank is greater than 850°C. If an abnormality occurs during the production process and the initial forging temperature is insufficient, the production should be stopped and the forging should be reheated. In order to prevent the fatigue resistance of the blank from being reduced during repeated heating, the same blank cannot be put into the furnace three times, otherwise it will be scrapped.

[0084] In this embodiment, in order to improve the fatigue resistance of the mold and improve the ductility of the blank, the first heating, the second heating and the third heating at least meet the following conditions: the heating temperature is 150°C-200°C.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first forging at least meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 600J.

[0086] In this embodiment, the second forging at least meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 590J.

[0087] In this embodiment, the third forging at least meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 390J.

[0088] In this embodiment, the following steps are also included:

[0089] S500, placing the forging into a normalizing furnace for normalizing treatment, air cooling after being taken out of the furnace to obtain normalized parts, and sorting them according to batches after normalizing;

[0090] S600, put the normalized parts into the shot blasting machine for grinding to produce the guide sleeve forgings for engineering. After shot blasting, the surface of the product is clean, without oxide scale, and has metallic luster.

[0091] Before shot blasting, the product appearance is inspected, forgings with burrs are centrally ground, and those with obvious forging defects are placed in the waiting area.

[0092] In this embodiment, the normalizing treatment temperature is 800° C. and the time is 2 h.

[0093] In this embodiment, the grinding process takes 15 minutes, and the single shot blasting mass of the shot blasting machine is less than 600 kg.

[0094] like Figures 2 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a precision forming system for guide sleeve forgings for engineering, including a sawing device 1, a preheating furnace 2, a blank making machine 11, a forging die 3, a trimming and punching die 4, a normalizing furnace 5, a shot blasting machine 6, a manipulator 7 and a heating ring 8 wrapped around the forging die 3.

[0095] The sawing device 1 is equipped with saw teeth for grinding and processing the initial materials, so that multiple initial materials become metal rods 10 of consistent specifications. In order to facilitate subsequent production, the metal rods 10 are cylindrical. After the metal rods 10 are processed, they are directly brought into the preheating furnace 2.

[0096] The forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 are both wrapped with heating coils.

[0097] In order to reduce energy consumption, the preheating furnace 2 is a multi-stage heating furnace having continuous low-temperature, medium-temperature and high-temperature sections, wherein the metal rod 10 passes through the low-temperature, medium-temperature and high-temperature sections in sequence, thereby realizing slow step-by-step heating of the metal rod 10. In the high-temperature section, the metal rod 10 needs to be heated to within the range of 1100°C ± 20°C, and the metal rod 10 heated to this temperature is fed into the embryo making machine 11.

[0098] Since the volumes of the upper and lower ends of the guide sleeve are different, in order to better forge the guide sleeve, it is necessary to use a blank making machine 11 to pre-form the blank, that is, to make the metal rod 10 into a pier shape with a round table at the upper end. This shape of blank 12 can better fit the forging die 3. The upper end of this blank 12 is provided with a cylindrical table. After the blank 12 is made, the robot 7 is used to feed the blank 12 into the forging die 3.

[0099] Among them, the forging die 3 includes a forging upper die 301, a forging lower die 302 and a driving assembly 9. The forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 reciprocately forge the blank under the drive of the driving assembly 9. The blank 12 is fixed by the manipulator 7 during forging, and is always in the middle of the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302, and is gradually formed into a rough blank during the forging process.

[0100] The heating coil 8 is respectively wound around the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 , and heats the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 before striking the blank 12 each time, so that the temperature of the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 is close to that of the blank 12 .

[0101] A driving assembly 9 is provided on both the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302. The driving assembly 9 drives the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 to strike the blank 12, so that the outer shape of the blank 12 squeezed between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 is continuously formed into the required guide sleeve outer wall shape during striking.

[0102] After the striking is completed, the blank 12 forms a rough blank, and the manipulator 7 drives the rough blank to move to the trimming and punching die 4. The trimming and punching die 4 trims and punches the rough blank in turn, so that the rough blank becomes a target forging 13. At this time, the performance and surface smoothness of the target forging 13 still need to be processed again, so the target forging 13 also needs to pass through the normalizing furnace 5 and the shot blasting machine 6 in turn for normalizing and surface polishing, and finally packaged after inspection.

[0103] The robot 7 is a common device with automatic clamping and movement in factory production. The specific structure of the robot 7 is not the innovation of the present invention and will not be described in detail. The same is true for the sawing device 1, the preheating furnace 2, the embryo making machine 11, the normalizing furnace 5 and the shot blasting machine 6.

[0104] In this embodiment, the forging upper die 301 includes a cover plate 3011 and an upper model cavity 3012 arranged in the center of the cover plate 3011. The driving assembly 9 is installed on the cover plate 3011. The forging of the blank 12 is achieved by lowering the cover plate 3011. Four positioning protrusions 3013 are arranged at the four corners of the cover plate 3011, and the heating coil 8 is wrapped around the outer wall of the cover plate 3011.

[0105] The shape of the upper mold cavity 3012 is the same as the upper section of the forging 13, and is used to forge the surface of the blank 12 into the required shape. Before each forging, the cover plate 3011 needs to be heated using the heating ring 8 so that the temperature of the cover plate 3011 reaches a temperature close to that of the blank 12.

[0106] In particular, since the energy of each forging is different, after the forging upper die 301 forges the upper end of the blank, the distance moved up by the forging upper die 301 is less than the distance moved down by the last forging. After the forging lower die 302 forges the lower end of the blank, the distance moved down by the forging lower die 302 is less than the distance moved up by the last forging. After the rough blank is formed, the forging lower die 302 and the forging upper die 301 are driven by the driving assembly 9 to return to the initial position before the first forging.

[0107] Before the first forging, the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 are both in the original position, and the distance between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 is the farthest. During the first forging, the energy of the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 hitting the blank 12 is the largest. When the second forging is performed, the initial positions between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 are close. When the drive component 9 rotates coaxially, the striking force driven by the drive component 9 becomes smaller accordingly. When the last forging is performed, the initial distance between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 is the shortest, and the forging energy is the smallest at this time. After the last forging is completed, the drive component 9 drives the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302 back to the original position before the first forging, and the manipulator 7 drives the forged rough blank to move out from between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302.

[0108] The forging energy can be adjusted according to the distance between the forging upper die 301 and the forging lower die 302, so that the forging energy difference can be effectively controlled.

[0109] In this embodiment, the forging upper die 301 includes a cover plate 3011 and an upper mold cavity 3012 arranged at the center of the cover plate 3011 , and four positioning protrusions 3013 are arranged at the four corners of the cover plate 3011 .

[0110] The forging lower die 302 includes a bottom plate 3021 and a lower model cavity 3022 at the center of the bottom plate 3021. A top piece through hole 3024 is provided at the bottom of the lower model cavity 3022. Positioning fixing grooves 3023 corresponding to the positioning protrusions 3013 are provided at the four corners of the bottom plate 3021. The fixing grooves are used to engage with the positioning protrusions 3013, so that the upper model cavity 3012 and the lower model cavity 3022 are tightly fitted together. The cavity formed by the upper model cavity 3012 and the lower model cavity 3022 together is the external shape of the forging 13. Annular flash grooves 14 and flash bridges 15 are provided on the inner walls of the lower model cavity 3022 and the upper model cavity 3012. The flash grooves 14 and flash bridges 15 are used to shape the rough blank. The heating coils 8 are respectively wound around the outer walls of the cover plate 3011 and the bottom plate 3021.

[0111] In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, the flash groove 14 and the flash bridge 15 located in the lower mold cavity 3022 are matched with the lower end of the rough blank, and the flash groove 14 and the flash bridge 15 located in the upper mold cavity 3012 are matched with the upper end of the rough blank.

[0112] In this embodiment, the driving assembly 9 includes a first clamping arm 901 connected to the lower end of the base plate 3021 and a second clamping arm 902 connected to the cover plate 3011. The first clamping arm 901 and the second clamping arm 902 are connected through a driving shaft 903, and the driving shaft 903 drives the first clamping arm 901 and the second clamping arm 902 to open and close.

[0113] A control component is disposed on the driving shaft 903 , and the control component is used to control the opening and closing speed of the first clamping arm 901 and the second clamping arm 902 and the opening and closing angle thereof.

[0114] During the first forging, the opening and closing angle of the drive shaft 903 is the largest. At this time, the closing rate of the first clamping arm 901 and the second clamping arm 902 driven by the drive shaft 903 is the largest, that is, the force of forging the blank 12 is the largest. During the last forging, the opening and closing angle of the drive shaft 903 is the smallest. At this time, the closing rate of the first clamping arm 901 and the second clamping arm 902 driven by the drive shaft 903 is the smallest, and the force of forging the blank 12 is the smallest.

[0115] In this embodiment, the trimming and punching die 4 includes an upper top plate 401, a stripping plate 402 and a cutting edge 403 which are arranged in parallel from top to bottom. A trimming punch 404 and a punching punch 405 are vertically arranged below the upper top plate 401. The trimming punch 404 and the punching punch 405 both pass vertically through the stripping plate 402 and are parallel to each other.

[0116] The cutting edge 403 is provided with a trimming cavity 406 and a punching cavity 407 , both for fixing the rough blank. The trimming cavity 406 is vertically arranged below the trimming punch 404 , and the punching cavity 407 is vertically arranged below the punching punch 405 .

[0117] Driven by the robot 7 , the rough blank passes through the lower mold cavity 3022 , the trimming cavity 406 and the punching cavity 407 in sequence.

[0118] When in use, the robot 7 is first used to place the rough blank into the trimming cavity 406 and fix it, the upper top plate 401 is lowered, and the trimming punch 404 is used to trim the rough blank. After the trimming is completed, the workpiece is placed in the punching cavity 407. At this time, a new rough blank is placed in the trimming cavity 406, the upper top plate 401 is lowered, the trimming punch 404 trims the new rough blank, and the punching punch 405 punches the workpiece to achieve trimming and punching of the rough blank. At the same time, two workpieces can be operated at the same time, and the work efficiency is high.

[0119] Preferably, the length of the punching punch 405 is greater than the length of the trimming punch 404 . Example

[0120] This implementation method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0121] 1. Cutting:

[0122] (1) Before cutting, check whether the specifications and models of the materials meet the requirements according to the production plan;

[0123] (2) Check the surface of the bar. There should be no cracks, scars, folds or inclusions on the surface of the bar.

[0124] (3) Feed the material into the cutting device according to the safety operating procedures of the sawing machine. The feeder should pay attention to the wear of the saw blade and replace the saw blade in time;

[0125] (4) Check whether the blanking size meets the size requirements and whether the end surface of the bar is flat;

[0126] (5) Place the qualified bar materials neatly into the driving assembly on the manipulator, insert the material identification card, and transfer to the heating area;

[0127] (6) Clean the iron filings on the surface of the blank after cutting.

[0128] 2. Heating:

[0129] (1) Use a heating furnace to heat the metal rod to a temperature within the range of 1100°C ± 20°C, and check the temperature of the metal rod once every hour;

[0130] (2) When heating, it is strictly forbidden to operate without following the process, overheating, or rapid burning that may cause severe surface oxidation;

[0131] (3) It is strictly forbidden to adjust the heating furnace temperature controller at will;

[0132] (4) During heating production, metal bars that are higher than the process temperature range shall be scrapped; metal bars that are lower than or equal to the process temperature range are allowed to be reheated and reheated after cooling, but the heating shall not exceed three times.

[0133] 3. Blank making:

[0134] (1) Feeding the metal rod into the blank making machine to make the blank into a rough forming block;

[0135] (2) Check whether there are cracks, interlayers and other defects on the surface of the blank after blanking.

[0136] 4. Forging:

[0137] (1) Before each forging, the upper forging die and the lower forging die are heated by a heating ring at a temperature of 150°C-200°C;

[0138] (2) The initial forging temperature of the billet shall not be less than 1000℃. If an abnormality occurs during the production process and the initial forging temperature is not high enough and production is stopped, it is necessary to reheat and forge. The same billet cannot be put into the furnace three times, otherwise it will be scrapped; the final forging temperature shall not be less than 850℃;

[0139] (3) The number of forging blows is 3, and the blow energies are 600J, 590J, and 390J respectively;

[0140] (4) Each time forging is performed, the release agent is sprayed on the inner wall of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity. Before the first forging, graphite emulsion is manually applied to the boss part to prevent mold sticking.

[0141] 5. Cutting edge:

[0142] (1) Place the rough blank into the trimming cavity, place it stably, place the top plate close to the cutting edge and trim the rough blank;

[0143] (2) Place the trimmed rough blank into the punching cavity, and at the same time place the new rough blank into the trimming cavity, place them stably, place the top plate close to the cutting edge and trim the new rough blank, and punch the trimmed rough blank;

[0144] (3) Repeating steps (1) and (2) to obtain a forging;

[0145] (4) After trimming and punching, visually inspect the surface appearance of the forging.

[0146] 6. Normalizing

[0147] (1) Place the forging in a normalizing furnace, heat it to 800°C, keep it warm for 2 hours, and then air cool it out of the furnace;

[0148] (2) Each batch of normalized parts should be divided into batches and inspected according to the inspection instructions after normalizing.

[0149] 7. Shot blasting

[0150] (1) Before shot blasting, inspect the appearance of the product. Normalized parts with burrs are centrally polished, and parts with obvious forging defects are placed in the waiting area;

[0151] (2) Select steel sand of a certain size and the shot blasting time should not be less than 15 minutes;

[0152] (3) The maximum load of each shot blasting is 600kg;

[0153] (4) After shot blasting, the product surface is clean, free of oxide scale, and has a metallic luster, so as to obtain a guide sleeve forging for engineering use.

[0154] 8. Inspection:

[0155] (1) During the final inspection, the product appearance shall be 100% inspected. The surface of the guide sleeve forging shall not have forging defects such as pits, folds, cracks, surface inclusions, oxide scale, etc.;

[0156] (2) Inspect the guide sleeve forgings according to the inspection instruction card and issue a final inspection report;

[0157] (3) Clearly distinguish between genuine products, defective products, and scrapped products, strictly isolate them, clearly label them, and process them promptly to avoid mixing.

[0158] 9. Packaging:

[0159] (1) Use ordinary ton bags for packaging;

[0160] (2) Spray anti-rust oil on the guide sleeve forgings before packaging;

[0161] (3) The quantity, name and other product information of the guide sleeve forgings must be clearly marked during packaging to prevent mixing.

[0162] Through the precision forming method and system of the engineering guide sleeve forgings in this embodiment, the 45 steel rod blank is subjected to the steps of raw material inspection, cutting, heating, blanking, pre-forging, final forging, trimming, normalizing, air cooling, shot blasting, inspection, etc., and the isothermal forging technology is used to solve the problems of the existing guide sleeve size accuracy not meeting the requirements, and the structure and fitting accuracy being insufficient. This production method meets the performance requirements of the guide sleeve forging blank, reduces production costs, improves production efficiency, achieves the goals of component structure and fitting accuracy, and also improves the mechanical properties of the guide sleeve.

[0163] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present application within the essence and protection scope of the present application, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A precision forming method for a guide sleeve forging for engineering, characterized in that: The steps include: S100, placing the bar material into a sawing device for pre-processing to obtain a metal bar of unit size; S200, placing the metal rod into a preheating furnace for step-by-step heating, and conveying the metal rod with a temperature within a range of 1100° C.±20° C. to a blank making machine to obtain a blank with a boss at the end; S300, using a manipulator to deliver the blank into a forging die, wherein the upper and lower ends of the forging die are both provided with an upper mold cavity and a lower mold cavity, and the forging die is provided with a driving component capable of driving the upper and lower mold cavities to move up and down, and the driving component drives the upper and lower mold cavities of the forging die to simultaneously perform multiple impact forging on the upper and lower ends of the blank, so that the upper and lower ends of the blank are gradually formed; The driving component moves toward the blank after each collision, and finally squeezes and buckles the blank into the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity to obtain a rough blank; Wherein, heating rings are arranged on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity are heated before each impact forging, and the temperature of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity gradually approaches the temperature of the blank; S400, placing the rough blank into a trimming and punching die by using a manipulator, the trimming and punching die is provided with a trimming cavity and a punching cavity, and a trimming punch and a punching punch are respectively provided above the trimming cavity and the punching cavity, the rough blank is sequentially placed into the trimming cavity and the punching cavity for trimming and punching, so as to obtain a target forging; In S300, the following steps are also included: S301, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity once, sprays a release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, applies graphite emulsion to the boss position of the blank, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a first group of impacts on the blank to obtain a primary embryo body; S302, the heating ring performs secondary heating on the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity respectively perform a second group of impacts on the primary embryo body to obtain an intermediate embryo body; S303, the heating ring heats the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity three times, and sprays a mold release agent on the inner walls of the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity, and the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity extrude the intermediate embryo body to obtain the rough embryo; Wherein, the temperature of the blank is greater than 1000°C, and the temperature of the rough blank is greater than 850°C; The first heating, the second heating and the third heating meet the following conditions: the heating temperature is 150°C-200°C; The first forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 600J; The second forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 590J; The third forging meets the following conditions: the striking energy is 390J.

2. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings based on the forming method of claim 1, characterized in that: include: A forging die (3) mounted on a workbench; A trimming and punching die (4) is installed on the side of the forging die (3) and is used to perform trimming and punching on the rough blank; A robot (7) installed between the forging die (3) and the trimming and punching die (4), used to fix the blank in the forging die (3) and drive the rough blank to move onto the trimming and punching die (4); The forging die (3) comprises a forging upper die (301), a forging lower die (302) and a driving assembly (9); the forging upper die (301) and the forging lower die (302) are driven by the driving assembly (9) to reciprocately forge the blank; The forging upper die (301) and the forging lower die (302) are both wrapped with a heating ring (8).

3. The precise forming system of a guide sleeve forging for engineering use according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the forging upper die (301) forges the upper end of the blank, the distance the forging upper die (301) moves upward is less than the distance the forging upper die (301) moves downward in the last forging; After the forging lower die (302) forges the lower end of the blank, the distance the forging lower die (302) moves downward is less than the distance the forging lower die (302) moves upward during the last forging; After the rough blank is formed, the forging lower die (302) and the forging upper die (301) are driven by the driving assembly (9) to return to their initial positions before the first forging.

4. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The forging upper die (301) comprises a cover plate (3011) and an upper die cavity (3012) arranged at the center of the cover plate (3011), and four positioning protrusions (3013) are arranged at four corners of the cover plate (3011); The forging lower die (302) comprises a bottom plate (3021) and a lower model cavity (3022) at the center of the bottom plate (3021); a top piece through hole (3024) is provided at the bottom of the lower model cavity (3022); positioning fixing grooves (3023) corresponding to the positioning protrusions (3013) are provided at four corners of the bottom plate (3021); annular flash grooves (14) and flash bridges (15) are provided on the inner walls of the lower model cavity (3022) and the upper model cavity (3012); and the heating coil (8) is respectively wound around the outer wall of the cover plate (3011) and the bottom plate (3021).

5. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flash groove (14) and the flash bridge (15) located in the lower mold cavity (3022) fit with the lower end of the rough blank, and the flash groove (14) and the flash bridge (15) located in the upper mold cavity (3012) fit with the upper end of the rough blank.

6. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (9) comprises a first clamping arm (901) connected to the lower end of the bottom plate (3021) and a second clamping arm (902) connected to the cover plate (3011); the first clamping arm (901) and the second clamping arm (902) are connected via a driving shaft (903); the driving shaft (903) drives the first clamping arm (901) and the second clamping arm (902) to open and close; A control component is provided on the driving shaft (903), and the control component is used to control the opening and closing speed of the first clamping arm (901) and the second clamping arm (902) as well as the opening and closing angle thereof.

7. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The trimming and punching die (4) comprises an upper top plate (401), a stripping plate (402) and a cutting edge (403) which are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, and a trimming punch (404) and a punching punch (405) are vertically arranged below the upper top plate (401). The trimming punch (404) and the punching punch (405) both vertically pass through the stripping plate (402) and are parallel to each other. The cutting edge (403) is provided with a trimming cavity (406) and a punching cavity (407) both for fixing the rough blank, the trimming cavity (406) being vertically arranged below the trimming punch (404), and the punching cavity (407) being vertically arranged below the punching punch (405); Driven by the robot (7), the rough blank passes through the lower mold cavity (3022), the trimming cavity (406), and the punching cavity (407) in sequence.

8. A precision forming system for engineering guide sleeve forgings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the punching punch (405) is greater than the length of the trimming punch (404).

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