A kind of livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer comprises the following steps: (1) mixing livestock and poultry manure, a catalyst and water to obtain a mixture; (2) heating the mixture for hydrolysis, filtering the obtained filtrate to obtain the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer. The livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer preparation method provided by the present invention can reduce the discharge of manure waste and promote resource utilization. Compared with the livestock and poultry manure hydrolysis process in the prior art, the product has moderate pH, high content of water-soluble organic matter and organic nitrogen nutrients, and can significantly improve crop yield and quality when used as soil fertilizer and foliar fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of environmental engineering, and in particular to a livestock and poultry excrement hydrolyzed fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic composting is a mature technology for producing organic fertilizer from livestock and poultry manure, but there are still many problems, such as long composting cycle, high nutrient loss during the composting process, narrow application of compost products, large usage, and slow fertilizer effect. This has affected the enthusiasm of farmers and enterprises to use and hindered the sustainable development of the breeding industry.

[0003] Hydrothermal synthesis (hydrolysis) is a widely used industrial technology that utilizes the characteristics of accelerated molecular motion under high temperature and high pressure conditions to improve the solubility and diffusion coefficient of the reaction materials, increase the effective collision space and enhance the reaction activity, and promote the decomposition and transformation of the reaction materials to achieve the purpose of quickly generating the target substance. Previous studies have reported some practices in hydrolyzing livestock and poultry manure, mainly including the use of hydrolysis to extract bioenergy (ethanol, methane, etc.) and chemical raw materials (organic acids, sugars, etc.) from livestock and poultry manure or to prepare biochar materials. However, after extracting the relevant functional materials, the remaining hydrolysis products are still treated as waste, which is not conducive to clean production and sustainable development.

[0004] At present, the hydrolysis process of livestock and poultry manure is basically hydrolysis by adding water or catalytic hydrolysis by adding strong acid and strong alkali. The product has the disadvantages of low water-soluble nutrients and pH not suitable for fertilizer production, resulting in a lack of practice in producing livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer using hydrolysis process. Therefore, if a fast and efficient livestock and poultry manure hydrolysis technology with moderate pH and high water-soluble nutrients can be developed, and livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer can be produced, it can not only reduce the treatment of hydrolysis waste, promote clean production and resource utilization, but also the product can be used to replace traditional composting, alleviate the current problem of limited application of livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer, and promote the sustainable development of the breeding industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide a hydrolyzed fertilizer of livestock and poultry manure, which can be used for soil fertilization and foliar spraying to improve crop yield and quality.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for preparing livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) mixing livestock and poultry manure, a catalyst and water to obtain a mixture;

[0011] (2) After the mixture is heated and hydrolyzed, the filtrate obtained by filtering is used to obtain the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer.

[0012] The mass ratio of the dry weight of livestock and poultry manure to the catalyst in step (1) is 4 to 100:1, preferably 5 to 10:1.

[0013] The mass ratio of the dry weight of livestock and poultry manure described in step (1) to the total mass of water in the reaction system is 1:3-20; preferably 1:5-10.

[0014] The livestock and poultry manure described in step (1) is at least one of pig manure, chicken manure and cow manure.

[0015] The catalyst in step (1) is at least one of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride.

[0016] The heating temperature in step (2) is 90-180°C, preferably 140-160°C.

[0017] The heating time in step (2) is 0.5 to 8 hours, preferably 4 to 6 hours.

[0018] The heating hydrolysis in step (2) is heating hydrolysis in a closed container; preferably, heating hydrolysis in a closed reactor.

[0019] The filtration in step (2) is performed using a filter cloth with a mesh size of 50 to 200; preferably, the filtration is performed using a filter cloth with a mesh size of 100.

[0020] The livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer prepared by the above preparation method.

[0021] The livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer has the following product characteristics: pH=6.00-7.50, water-soluble organic matter≥15.0g / L, water-soluble total nitrogen≥2.50g / L, and water-soluble organic nitrogen≥2.00g / L.

[0022] The above livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer is used as fertilizer.

[0023] The application is specifically at least one of the following:

[0024] (1) Hydrolyzed fertilizer is used as soil fertilizer. The application method and application amount refer to ordinary liquid organic fertilizer;

[0025] (2) Hydrolyzed fertilizer is used as foliar fertilizer. The spraying concentration is: organic carbon 100-200 mg / L, preferably 125-150 mg / L; the spraying method refers to commercial foliar fertilizer.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0027] The present invention mixes livestock and poultry manure with a catalyst (at least one of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride) and water, and heats and hydrolyzes the mixture in a sealed reactor. By utilizing the characteristics of accelerated molecular motion under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the solubility and diffusion coefficient of livestock and poultry manure are improved, the effective collision space is increased, and the reaction activity is enhanced, so as to promote the decomposition and conversion of organic materials into small molecular substances and increase the content of water-soluble organic matter. At the same time, the catalyst contains nitrogen, which not only further increases the total nitrogen content of the product, but also the inorganic nitrogen in the catalyst combines with organic small molecules in the hydrolysis reaction to generate organic nitrogen, thereby improving the organic nitrogen nutrition of the product.

[0028] 1. The product of the present invention has moderate pH value and high carbon and nitrogen nutrients, and can be used as a fertilizer to promote crop growth and improve crop quality;

[0029] 2. The product of the present invention can be used for soil fertilization and foliar spraying, and has a wide range of applications;

[0030] 3. The fertilizer efficiency of the product of the present invention is better than that of ordinary livestock and poultry manure compost and commercial foliar fertilizer, and has high application value;

[0031] 4. The present invention has a short production cycle and good fertilizer effect. It can replace the traditional composting method of livestock and poultry manure, reduce the environmental risks of livestock and poultry manure, and promote resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the preparation process of the pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizer in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a photograph of the growth status of the rapeseed at harvest in the growth experiment in Example 23.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a photograph of the growth status of the corn growth experiment at harvest in Example 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] If no specific experimental conditions are specified in the following embodiments, conventional experimental conditions or experimental conditions recommended by the reagent company are generally followed. The materials and reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are all reagents and materials obtained from commercial sources.

[0037] Example 1 A method for preparing pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0038] In the reactor, add 5.00g of pig manure (by dry weight), 0.50g of ammonium bicarbonate, and add the reaction water to 50.00g, and stir evenly. Assemble the reactor, seal it, and then put it into a muffle furnace, heat it at 160℃ for 4h, take it out after cooling, and filter the liquid with a 100-mesh filter cloth. The filtrate is the pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizer.

[0039] Embodiments 2 to 6

[0040] Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, the component ratios were adjusted to prepare the pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizers of Examples 2 to 6. The specific ratios are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Preparation method of pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Embodiments 7 to 12

[0045] Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, the pig manure was replaced with chicken manure, and the component ratio was adjusted to prepare the chicken manure hydrolyzed fertilizers of Examples 7 to 12. The specific ratios are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Preparation method of chicken manure hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0047] Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Embodiment 11 Example 12 Chicken manure dry weight / g 5 5 5 5 5 5 Ammonium bicarbonate / g 1.25 1 Ammonium sulfate / g 0.05 0.8 Ammonium chloride / g 0.5 0.7 Reaction water / g 15 100 25 50 30 40 Heating temperature / ℃ 90 180 140 160 130 150 Residence time / h 8 0.5 6 4 2 5

[0048] Examples 13 to 18

[0049] Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, the pig manure was replaced with cow manure, and the component ratio was adjusted to prepare the cow dung hydrolyzed fertilizers of Examples 13 to 18. The specific ratios are shown in Table 3.

[0050] Table 3 Preparation method of a kind of cow dung hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0051] Example 13 Embodiment 14 Embodiment 15 Example 16 Embodiment 17 Embodiment 18 Cow dung dry weight / g 5 5 5 5 5 5 Ammonium bicarbonate / g 1.25 0.6 Ammonium sulfate / g 0.05 0.5 Ammonium chloride / g 1 0.3 Reaction water / g 25 100 50 15 45 35 Heating temperature / ℃ 160 180 140 90 145 155 Residence time / h 6 0.5 5 4 5.5 8

[0052] Examples 19 to 22

[0053] Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, the pig manure was replaced with a combination of different animal manures, and the component ratio was adjusted to prepare the mixed manure hydrolyzed fertilizers of Examples 19 to 22. The specific ratios are shown in Table 4.

[0054] Table 4 Preparation method of mixed feces hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0058] Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, a conventional hydrolysis catalyst was used, and the component ratio was adjusted to prepare the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzates of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The specific ratios are shown in Table 5.

[0059] Table 5 Preparation method of a livestock and poultry feces hydrolyzate

[0060] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Pig manure dry weight / g 5 Chicken manure dry weight / g 5 Cow dung dry weight / g 5 Potassium hydroxide / g 0.5 Concentrated sulfuric acid / g 0.5 Reaction water / g 50 50 50 Heating temperature / ℃ 140 160 160 Residence time / h 6 4 4

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] A method for preparing aerobic compost of pig manure. Fresh pig manure is added to a 2L beaker, the beaker mouth is covered with gauze, and then placed in a water bath pot and kept warm at 60°C. During the composting period, the pile is turned every day and the moisture content of the manure is kept at 50-60% by watering. After 30 days, the compost is taken out to obtain a pig manure compost product.

[0063] The compost was shaken with water (1:5) and then allowed to stand. The pH of the compost was measured with a pH meter and the pH value was 5.98. The organic carbon of the compost was measured using the recommended method in the organic fertilizer agricultural industry standard (NY / T 525-2021) and the total nitrogen content was 351 g / kg.

[0064] =27.9g / kg.

[0065] Test Example 1

[0066] The pH, water-soluble organic matter (DOM), water-soluble total nitrogen (DN), and water-soluble organic nitrogen (DON) of the hydrolyzed fertilizers prepared in Example 1, Example 5, Example 6, Example 9, Example 12, Example 15, and Example 17 and the hydrolyzates prepared in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 were measured. The pH was measured using a pH meter, the DOM was measured using the potassium dichromate-concentrated sulfuric acid oxidation method recommended in the water-soluble fertilizer agricultural industry standard (NY / T1976-2010), the DN was measured using the arbitration method recommended in the water-soluble fertilizer agricultural industry standard (NY / T1977-2010), and the DON was measured using the acidolysis-distillation method in the "Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Methods" edited by Lu Rukun. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0067] Table 6 pH, DOM, DN and DON content of hydrolyzed fertilizer

[0068] pH DOM g / L DN g / L DON g / L Embodiment 1 Hydrolysis fertilizer 7.27 36.5 4.34 3.82 Embodiment 5 hydrolysis fertilizer 6.22 55.7 17.56 15.1 Embodiment 6 Hydrolysis fertilizer 6.33 38.6 5.02 4.57 Embodiment 9 hydrolysis fertilizer 7.34 22.8 6.34 5.83 Embodiment 12 Hydrolysis fertilizer 7.36 15.1 3.77 3.24 Embodiment 15 Hydrolysis fertilizer 7.24 21.2 3.08 2.59 Embodiment 17 Hydrolysis fertilizer 7.38 20.7 2.56 2.18 Comparative Example 1 Hydrolyzate 7.99 13.2 2.74 2.22 Comparative Example 2 Hydrolyzate 2.92 10.3 1.98 1.50 Comparative Example 3 Hydrolyzate 7.88 13.9 1.78 1.34

[0069] Embodiment 23

[0070] In 2022, a potted test of the application effects of the hydrolyzed fertilizers prepared in Examples 5, 9, and 15, the hydrolyzed solution prepared in Comparative Example 2, and commercial foliar fertilizers (Gaomeishi: water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid, 225 ml / bottle; organic carbon 53.2 g / L, nitrogen 40 g / L) was carried out in a greenhouse at South China Agricultural University. The experiment set up 5 treatments, namely: spraying the hydrolyzed solution of Comparative Example 2 (CK1), spraying commercial foliar fertilizer (CK2), spraying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 5 (T1), spraying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 9 (T2), and spraying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 15 (T3). Every 2 plants of lettuce were planted in a plastic pot containing 2 kg of soil, and a total of 4 pots were planted in each treatment. The hydrolyzed fertilizer, hydrolyzed solution and commercial foliar fertilizer were diluted to organic carbon = 125 mg / L and then sprayed on the leaves of lettuce. The first spraying period was 8-9 leaves, the spraying interval was 8-10 days, and the spraying was continuous for 3 times, the first spraying was 6.25 ml / plant, and the second and third sprayings were 12.5 ml / plant each time. After 36 days of growth, the leaf chlorophyll content was measured (direct determination by chlorophyll meter), a few fresh leaves were taken, and the soluble protein content was determined by Coomassie brilliant blue method [reference: N.-X. Feng et al. / Science of the Total Environment 739 (2020) 139883], and then the whole plant was harvested and the fresh weight was immediately measured (direct measurement by balance), and then the dry weight was measured after withering and drying (direct measurement by balance), the dried sample was crushed, the sample was digested with concentrated sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide, and the total N content was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, N absorption = N content * dry weight (reference: "Soil Agricultural Chemical Analysis Methods" edited by Lu Rukun).

[0071] The test results are shown in Table 7 and Figure 2 As shown, the results show that: spraying the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer prepared by the present invention, the chlorophyll, fresh weight, soluble protein and N absorption of the lettuce are similar to or slightly increased with the commercial foliar fertilizer, indicating that the hydrolyzed fertilizer of the present invention can be used as a commercial fertilizer production and promote the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. Compared with spraying commercial foliar fertilizer, spraying the acid hydrolyzed feces liquid in Comparative Example 2 will reduce the yield and quality of the lettuce, indicating that the application of conventional acid hydrolyzed feces as fertilizer is limited. The above experimental results prove that the hydrolysis method used in the present invention overcomes the limitations of traditional manure processing methods, greatly improves the nutritional effect of manure, and the method is simple and the source of materials is rich. Before the technical solution of the present invention is disclosed, there is no technical solution that uses a catalytic hydrolysis method to treat animal manure to improve its fertility. The technical solution of the present invention produces unexpected technical effects for those skilled in the art, and has a prospect of being widely used in the industry.

[0072] Table 7 Chlorophyll, fresh weight, soluble protein concentration and N absorption of each treatment of lettuce

[0073]

[0074] Embodiment 24

[0075] In 2022, a potted test of the application effect of the hydrolyzed fertilizer prepared in Example 1, Example 6, Example 12, and Example 17, the hydrolyzed solution prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the compost prepared in Comparative Example 4 was carried out in a greenhouse at South China Agricultural University. The experiment set up 6 treatments, namely: applying the compost of Comparative Example 4 (CK1, 8.58g / pot), applying the hydrolyzed solution of Comparative Example 1 (CK2, 42.9g / pot), applying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 1 (T1, 42.9g / pot), applying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 6 (T2, 42.9g / pot), applying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 12 (T3, 42.9g / pot), and applying the hydrolyzed fertilizer of Example 17 (T4, 42.9g / pot). The product quality made from feces raw materials with an application amount of hydrolyzed fertilizer and hydrolyzed solution of about 50% of the mass of the compost application amount. Every 2 corn plants were planted in a plastic pot containing 2kg of soil, and 4 pots of each fertilizer were planted, and each treated fertilizer was mixed with the soil in the pot before planting. The plants were harvested after 40 days of growth, and the plant height was directly measured with a ruler. The methods for measuring chlorophyll, fresh weight, dry weight, and N absorption were the same as those described in Example 23.

[0076] The test results are shown in Table 8 and Figure 3 As shown, the results show that: compared with the traditional composting of manure for soil fertilization, the application of the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer prepared by the present invention can greatly increase the chlorophyll and biomass of crops, promote crop growth, and promote the absorption of N nutrients and improve crop quality, indicating that the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer can effectively replace the traditional composting; while the alkaline hydrolyzed pig manure in Comparative Example 1 is compared with the pig manure composting, the crop growth and quality are similar and are not improved.

[0077] Table 8 Chlorophyll, plant height, fresh weight and N absorption of corn in each treatment

[0078]

[0079] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer, characterized in that: pH = 6.22, water-soluble organic matter = 55.7 g / L, water-soluble total nitrogen = 17.56 g / L, water-soluble organic nitrogen = 15.1 g / L; The method for preparing livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzed fertilizer comprises the following steps: In the inner tank of the reactor, add 5.00g of pig manure and 1.00g of ammonium sulfate, add reaction water to 25.00g, stir evenly, assemble the reactor, seal it, and then put it into a muffle furnace, heat it at 140℃ for 4h, take it out after cooling, filter out the liquid with a 100-mesh filter cloth, and the filtrate obtained is the pig manure hydrolyzed fertilizer.

2. Use of the livestock and poultry manure hydrolyzate fertilizer according to claim 1 as a rapeseed fertilizer.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: When hydrolyzed fertilizer is used as foliar fertilizer, the spraying concentration is 125 mg / L of organic carbon. The spraying method is: the first spraying period is 8-9 leaf stage, the spraying interval is 8-10 days, and it is sprayed continuously for 3 times. The first spraying is 6.25 ml / plant, and the second and third sprayings are 12.5 ml / plant each time.

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