A portable multifunctional hydrogen generator

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydrogen generator technology, specifically to a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator. It can not only serve as a portable, small, online hydrogen generator to provide combustion gas, carrier gas, and valve-cutting gas for portable chromatography in real time on-site, but also provide high-pressure hydrogen for charging hydrogen storage alloys. It boasts advantages such as high safety, high hydrogen purity, and ease of maintenance. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator of this invention features a high-pressure water vapor separation system. This system integrates a water vapor separation module, a back pressure module, and a unique sealing method. Its high integration facilitates miniaturization and provides more efficient water vapor separation performance, allowing the pressure in the water vapor separation module to reach 2.5 MPa. The water vapor content of the hydrogen after water vapor separation is reduced by 20 times compared to when the pressure in the water vapor separation module is 400 kPa, and the hydrogen purity can reach 99.99%, which is beneficial for the miniaturization design of the water vapor separation module and the back-end modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen generators, and in particular to a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen generator is a device used to produce hydrogen. Its main function is to provide high-purity hydrogen. Hydrogen is usually produced by electrolysis of water or other chemical methods. It has the advantages of simple operation, high hydrogen purity, and safe use. In the fields of scientific research, analysis and detection, hydrogen generators are used to provide high-purity hydrogen as a working gas for analytical instruments such as gas chromatography (GC). Hydrogen is often used as a carrier gas or combustion gas due to its small molecular weight and chemical stability. In industries such as chemical industry, semiconductor manufacturing, and metal processing, hydrogen generators can provide hydrogen for reactions or as a protective gas. In the field of fuel cells, hydrogen generators can provide hydrogen for fuel cells as a source of energy. Hydrogen generators are also used in glass processing, food industry (such as the production of hydrogenated vegetable oils), and other fields.

[0003] At present, most of the hydrogen generators available on the market are online hydrogen generators that use alkali solution as the electrolyte. They are not only large and heavy, and not easy to carry, but also prone to corrosion and health hazards due to alkali solution leakage. In addition, the outlet pressure of the alkali solution hydrogen generator is low, generally 0.3MPa to 0.5MPa, and cannot provide a large hydrogen pressure to meet the hydrogen storage alloy (fuel cell) charging needs.

[0004] In the field of environmental monitoring, portable chromatography is often needed for on-site analysis or chromatography analysis in mobile laboratories. Due to the special use of portable chromatography products, high requirements are placed on the supply of hydrogen gas sources. For example, the detection location is not fixed, the detection site needs to climb a higher chimney platform, and carrying hydrogen cylinders or conventional online hydrogen generators has problems such as large size and heavy weight. At the same time, since chromatography is a high-precision analytical technology, it relies on high-purity gas to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the analysis results, so it also places high requirements on the purity of hydrogen. Therefore, in order to solve the hydrogen gas source supply, hydrogen purity and safety requirements of portable chromatography products, it is necessary to design and develop a multifunctional hydrogen generator with high hydrogen purity, high safety and easy to carry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator with high hydrogen purity and high safety. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator can not only be used as a portable small online hydrogen generator to provide combustion gas, carrier gas and valve-cutting gas for portable chromatograph in real time on site, but also can provide high-pressure hydrogen to inflate hydrogen storage alloy. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator has the advantages of high safety, high hydrogen purity and easy maintenance, so as to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The present invention provides a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator, comprising: an electrolysis system for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and discharge water, a high-pressure water vapor separation system for purifying hydrogen connected to the electrolysis system, a drying system for drying hydrogen connected to the high-pressure water vapor separation system, and an output system for outputting hydrogen connected to the drying system, characterized in that:

[0007] The high-pressure water vapor separation system comprises: a water vapor separation module which is in communication with the electrolysis system and separates water from hydrogen produced by the electrolysis system, and a back pressure module for connecting the water vapor separation module and the drying system;

[0008] The water vapor separation module comprises: a separation module body connected to the electrolysis system and the back pressure module, a water vapor separation chamber arranged inside the separation module body for accommodating the original hydrogen-water mixed gas produced by the electrolysis system, and a drainage pressure control component connected to the water vapor separation chamber for controlling the pressure of the water vapor separation chamber to control the drainage timing;

[0009] The back pressure module includes: a back pressure valve body connected to the water vapor separation module and the drying system, a hydrogen containing chamber arranged in the back pressure valve body for containing the hydrogen purified by the water vapor separation module, and an exhaust pressure control component that compresses or expands as the pressure in the hydrogen containing chamber changes to open or close the hydrogen outlet of the back pressure valve body.

[0010] The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator of the present invention is equipped with a high-pressure water vapor separation system, which integrates a water vapor separation module, a back pressure module and a unique sealing method. It has high integration, is conducive to miniaturization design and has more efficient water vapor separation performance, so that the pressure in the water vapor separation module can reach 2.5MPa. Water content V in hydrogen at different pressures r The calculation can be done using the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, H s : Relative humidity, assuming that the relative humidity of hydrogen in the water vapor separation system is 100%;

[0013] e s (t): saturated vapor pressure, which is a function of temperature. The saturated vapor pressure at 30°C is 4247.03 Pa;

[0014] P: Gas pressure, Pa.

[0015] The pressure in the water vapor separation device of a traditional hydrogen generator is generally 0.3MPa~0.5MPa. Assuming that the pressure in the water vapor separation device is 0.4MPa and the temperature is 30°C, the water vapor content in the hydrogen is 1.075% when substituted into the formula. The pressure of the water vapor separation system in the present invention can be controlled at 2.5MPa. When the pressure is 2.5MPa and the temperature is 30°C, the water vapor content in the hydrogen is 0.1821%. Therefore, the water vapor separation effect designed by the present invention is nearly 6 times that of the traditional hydrogen generator.

[0016] Furthermore, the water vapor content of the hydrogen after water vapor separation is reduced by 20 times compared with the pressure of 400 kPa in the water vapor separation module and the purity of the hydrogen can reach 99.99%, which is conducive to the miniaturization design of the water vapor separation module and the back-end module.

[0017] Furthermore, since the pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system can reach 2.5MPa, high-pressure hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage alloy can be achieved, thereby increasing the long-endurance function.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention can not only flexibly design the pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system by adjusting the back pressure module, but also ensure that the stability of the rear end hydrogen flow rate is not affected when the water vapor separation module is draining water.

[0019] Furthermore, the conventional hydrogen generator will be designed with a larger water vapor separation module to facilitate the condensation of water vapor and thus achieve effective water vapor. However, since the present invention can control the air pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system to be relatively high, the high pressure can achieve efficient condensation of water vapor, and therefore each module can be miniaturized, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the entire machine, with a small size and light weight.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the back-pressure valve body is provided with a hydrogen inlet connected to the water vapor separation module and a hydrogen outlet connected to the drying system, and the hydrogen containing chamber is communicated with the hydrogen inlet; the exhaust pressure control assembly includes an exhaust spring member arranged at the far end of the back-pressure valve body away from the hydrogen outlet, a back-pressure piston arranged between the exhaust spring member and the hydrogen outlet and capable of moving back and forth along the hydrogen containing chamber as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber changes so as to compress or release the exhaust spring member, and an exhaust compression gasket arranged at the contact end of the back-pressure piston and the hydrogen outlet and capable of contacting or separating from the hydrogen outlet as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber changes.

[0021] In the embodiment, the presence of the back pressure module can not only enable the pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system to reach 2.5 MPa, but also ensure the stability of the pressure and flow of each module at the rear end.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, a water diversion hole is provided below the water vapor separation chamber, a drain outlet connected to the water diversion hole of the water vapor separation chamber is provided below the separation module body, and the drainage pressure control component is arranged between the water diversion hole and the drain outlet to control the drainage timing of the water vapor separation chamber.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drainage pressure control assembly includes a drainage valve body connected to the water diversion hole of the water vapor separation chamber and the drainage port of the separation module body, a drainage cavity arranged in the drainage valve body and connected to the drainage hole, a drainage elastic pad arranged below the drainage cavity and in contact with or separated from the water diversion hole to cut off or restore the connection between the drainage cavity and the water diversion hole, and a drainage hole arranged below the drainage valve body and connected to the drainage cavity and the drainage port.

[0024] In the embodiment, the water diversion hole and the drainage elastic pad form a sealing structure under normal pressure. When the hydrogen pressure in the water vapor separation module increases, the drainage elastic pad is compressed to open the drainage port. This design can prevent the outside air from entering the hydrogen generator pipeline under normal pressure, ensure the purity of hydrogen, and thus increase the service life of the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the high-pressure water vapor separation system further includes a pressure relief module connected to the water vapor separation module and the back pressure module for limiting the maximum pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system.

[0026] When the solenoid valve or other devices fail, the hydrogen pressure in the pipeline will be too high. In the embodiment, a pressure relief module is added by design to limit the maximum pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system, so that when the instrument fails, the pressure can be relieved in time through the pressure relief module to prevent the instrument from exploding and ensure the safety of the instrument.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure relief module includes a pressure relief valve body provided with a pressure relief hole connected to a water vapor separation module and a back pressure module, a pressure relief chamber connected to the outside world is provided in the pressure relief valve body, and a pressure relief component is arranged in the pressure relief chamber and can be compressed or stretched in the pressure relief chamber according to the degree of pressure change at the pressure relief hole to connect or cut off the connection between the pressure relief chamber and the pressure relief hole.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief elastic piece arranged at the far end of the pressure relief valve body away from the pressure relief hole, a pressure relief support groove arranged between the pressure relief elastic piece and the pressure relief hole and capable of moving back and forth along the pressure relief cavity as the pressure at the pressure relief hole changes so as to compress or release the pressure relief elastic piece, and a pressure relief compression gasket arranged at the contact end between the pressure relief support groove and the pressure relief hole and capable of contacting or separating from the pressure relief hole as the pressure at the pressure relief hole changes.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the output system includes a one-way hydrogen outlet module for controlling the outlet direction of hydrogen, the one-way hydrogen outlet module including a hydrogen outlet module body provided with a pure hydrogen inlet and a pure hydrogen outlet, a hydrogen outlet compression chamber arranged in the hydrogen outlet module body, a connecting middle section arranged between the pure hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen outlet compression chamber, a hydrogen outlet elastic piece arranged at the end of the hydrogen outlet compression chamber close to the connecting middle section, and a piston probe rod arranged between the hydrogen outlet elastic piece and the pure hydrogen inlet, which can move back and forth along the inside of the hydrogen outlet compression chamber and the connecting middle section to cut off or connect the connection relationship between the pure hydrogen inlet and the pure hydrogen outlet.

[0030] Since the hydrogen storage alloy (fuel cell) has bidirectional reversibility, when the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen generator is low, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy may be released in the reverse direction. In this embodiment, by designing a special gas outlet method of the one-way hydrogen outlet module, the hydrogen outlet direction is controlled and the charging efficiency is improved, which can ensure that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy will not be released in the reverse direction and effectively shorten the hydrogen charging time.

[0031] Furthermore, the one-way hydrogen outlet module has high integration and a wide range of applications. Through clever structural design, it can not only achieve compatibility between the online hydrogen generator and the high-pressure gas-filled hydrogen generator, but also prevent external air from entering the pipeline of the hydrogen generator, thereby ensuring the purity of hydrogen and safety of use.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pure hydrogen inner cavity connected to the pure hydrogen inlet is provided in the piston probe rod, and a pure hydrogen outlet hole connected to the pure hydrogen inner cavity is provided on the contact surface between the piston probe rod and the connecting middle section. The piston probe rod can move in the hydrogen outlet compression chamber and the connecting middle section to extend or retract the pure hydrogen outlet hole into the connecting middle section as the pressure in the pure hydrogen inner cavity changes.

[0033] When the hydrogen generator is not in use, the pure hydrogen outlet is located in the sealing ring, which can prevent outside air (oxygen) from entering the internal pipeline, thereby improving the purity of hydrogen. At the same time, general fuel cells are reversible hydrogen charging and discharging devices. The above-mentioned one-way gas transmission design can effectively avoid the reverse degassing of hydrogen storage alloy caused by the reduction of pressure in the pipeline after the water vapor separation module discharges wastewater, which can improve the hydrogen charging efficiency.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the water vapor separation chamber and the drainage pressure control assembly, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the drainage pressure control assembly and the drainage port, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the back pressure piston and the hydrogen containing chamber; a sealing ring is provided around the pure hydrogen outlet hole at the contact surface between the connecting middle section and the piston probe rod.

[0035] Furthermore, the sealing ring on the piston probe can effectively prevent gas leakage from the side when the piston probe moves to compress the hydrogen elastic member.

[0036] By implementing the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator of the present invention is provided with a high-pressure water vapor separation system. The high-pressure water vapor separation system integrates a water vapor separation module, a back pressure module and a unique sealing method. It has high integration, is conducive to miniaturized design and has more efficient water vapor separation performance, so that the pressure in the water vapor separation module can reach 2.5MPa, the water vapor separation effect is good, the hydrogen purity is high, and the high-pressure hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage alloy can be realized, thereby increasing the long endurance function.

[0038] 2. The present invention can not only flexibly design the pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system by adjusting the back pressure module, but also ensure that the stability of the rear end hydrogen flow rate is not affected when the water vapor separation module is drained.

[0039] 3. Since the present invention can control the air pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system to be relatively high, and the high pressure can realize efficient condensation of water vapor, each module can be miniaturized, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the whole machine, with small volume and light weight.

[0040] 4. The present invention designs a special gas outlet mode of the one-way hydrogen outlet module to control the hydrogen outlet direction and improve the charging efficiency, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy will not be released in the reverse direction and effectively shortening the hydrogen charging time.

[0041] 5. The one-way hydrogen outlet module of the present invention has high integration and a wide range of applications. Through clever structural design, it can not only achieve compatibility between the online hydrogen generator and the high-pressure gas-filled hydrogen generator, but also prevent external air from entering the pipeline of the hydrogen generator, thereby ensuring the purity of hydrogen and safety of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A system flow chart of the portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a high-pressure water vapor separation system of a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a water vapor separation module of a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a back pressure module of a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a pressure relief module of a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6A cross-sectional view of a one-way hydrogen outlet module of the portable multifunctional hydrogen generator provided by the present invention.

[0048] The symbols in the figure represent:

[0049] 1. water vapor separation module, 11. separation module body, 111. drainage port, 112. steam inlet, 113. gas outlet, 12. water vapor separation chamber, 121. water diversion hole, 13. drainage pressure control assembly, 131. drainage valve body, 132. drainage chamber, 133. drainage elastic pad, 134. drainage hole;

[0050] 2. back pressure module, 21. back pressure valve body, 211. hydrogen inlet, 212. hydrogen outlet, 22. hydrogen containing chamber, 23. exhaust pressure control assembly, 231. exhaust elastic member, 232. back pressure piston, 233. exhaust compression gasket;

[0051] 3. pressure relief module, 31. pressure relief valve body, 311. pressure relief hole, 32. pressure relief chamber, 33. pressure relief assembly, 331. pressure relief elastic member, 332. pressure relief support groove, 333. pressure relief compression gasket;

[0052] 4. One-way hydrogen outlet module, 41. Hydrogen outlet module body, 411. Pure hydrogen inlet, 412. Pure hydrogen outlet, 42. Hydrogen outlet compression chamber, 43. Connecting middle section, 44. Hydrogen outlet elastic member, 45. Piston probe rod, 451. Pure hydrogen inner cavity, 452. Pure hydrogen outlet hole; a. Drain solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a portable multifunctional hydrogen generator, including: an electrolysis system for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and discharge water, a high-pressure water vapor separation system for purifying hydrogen connected to the electrolysis system, a drying system for drying hydrogen connected to the high-pressure water vapor separation system, and an output system for outputting hydrogen connected to the drying system; the pure water electrolyte in the water storage tank of the electrolysis system is transported to the inlet of the electrolytic cell system by gravity, and in order to ensure that the electrolytic cell is full of water, the water injection method adopts a bottom-in-top-out mode. The pure water entering the electrolytic cell generates oxygen at the anode and is discharged through the anode side outlet, and the hydrogen generated at the cathode flows into the high-pressure water vapor separation system for water vapor separation treatment.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the high-pressure water vapor separation system comprises: a water vapor separation module 1 which is connected to the electrolysis system and separates water from the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis system, and a back pressure module 2 which is used to connect the water vapor separation module 1 and the drying system;

[0056] In the embodiment, the hydrogen flowing out of the electrolysis system carries more water vapor, which is the original hydrogen-water mixed gas. The original hydrogen-water mixed gas first enters the water vapor separation module 1. Under the action of gravity, water sinks to the bottom of the water vapor separation module 1 and is discharged, and the hydrogen flows from the upper part of the water vapor separation module 1 to the back pressure module 2. When the hydrogen pressure increases to the point where the back pressure module 2 can be opened, the hydrogen can enter the drying system for further dehydration and drying, and finally flows out from the output system. The dried hydrogen can be used for hydrogen filling of fuel cells or directly used as an online hydrogen generator.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, the water vapor separation module 1 comprises: a separation module body 11 connected to the electrolysis system and the back pressure module 2, a water vapor separation chamber 12 arranged inside the separation module body 11 for accommodating the original hydrogen-water mixed gas produced by the electrolysis system, and a drainage pressure control component 13 connected to the water vapor separation chamber 12 for controlling the pressure of the water vapor separation chamber 12 to control the drainage timing;

[0058] In the embodiment, the original hydrogen-water mixed gas generated from the electrolysis system carries part of the water vapor into the water vapor separation module 1 from the steam inlet 112 of the separation module body 11, and the liquid water sinks to the bottom of the water vapor separation device under the action of gravity. The waste water can be discharged from the drain port 111 by the drain pressure control component 13 and the on-off control of the drain solenoid valve a, while the hydrogen and gaseous water are discharged from the gas outlet 113 of the water vapor separation module 1, and are diverted by the three-way valve block, with one part being pressurized to the pressure relief module 3 and the other part flowing to the back pressure valve module.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, the back pressure module 2 includes: a back pressure valve body 21 connected to the water vapor separation module 1 and the drying system, a hydrogen containing chamber 22 arranged in the back pressure valve body 21 for containing the hydrogen purified by the water vapor separation module 1, and an exhaust pressure control component 23 that compresses or stretches as the pressure in the hydrogen containing chamber 22 changes to open or close the hydrogen outlet 212 of the back pressure valve body 21.

[0060] In the embodiment, the back pressure module 2 is connected to the water vapor separation module 1, and hydrogen flows from the water vapor separation module 1 to the back pressure module 2. When the air pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system reaches the open pressure set by the back pressure module 2, the hydrogen can flow out of the back pressure module 2 and enter the drying system for the next step of dehydration and drying.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4As shown, the back-pressure valve body 21 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 211 connected to the water vapor separation module 1 and a hydrogen outlet 212 connected to the drying system, and the hydrogen containing chamber 22 is communicated with the hydrogen inlet 211; the exhaust pressure control assembly 23 includes an exhaust elastic member 231 arranged at the far end of the back-pressure valve body 21 away from the hydrogen outlet 212, a back-pressure piston 232 arranged between the exhaust elastic member 231 and the hydrogen outlet 212 and capable of moving back and forth along the hydrogen containing chamber 22 as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber 22 changes, thereby compressing or releasing the exhaust elastic member 231, and an exhaust compression gasket 233 arranged at the contact end of the back-pressure piston 232 and the hydrogen outlet 212 and capable of contacting or separating from the hydrogen outlet 212 as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber 22 changes.

[0062] In an embodiment, the back pressure valve body 21 can control the compression degree of the exhaust elastic member 231 by controlling the size of the hydrogen containing chamber 22 , thereby controlling the gas pressure required to separate the exhaust compression gasket 233 from the hydrogen outlet 212 .

[0063] In the embodiment, the hydrogen coming out of the water vapor separation module 1 enters the back pressure module 2 through the hydrogen inlet 211. As the hydrogen continues to flow in and fills the hydrogen containing chamber 22, the air pressure in the hydrogen containing chamber 22 gradually increases, and the pressure of the hydrogen on the back pressure piston 232 also gradually increases. When the water vapor separation module 1 is at normal pressure or the pressure is relatively low, the pressure of the hydrogen on the back pressure piston 232 is less than the elastic force of the exhaust elastic member 231, and the hydrogen outlet 212 and the exhaust compression gasket 233 form a sealing structure under the action of the exhaust elastic member 231, and hydrogen cannot pass through. When the hydrogen pressure of the water vapor separation module 1 increases to a certain value, that is, when the pressure of the hydrogen on the back pressure piston 232 is greater than the elastic force of the exhaust elastic member 231, the air pressure compresses the exhaust elastic member 231 through the back pressure piston 232, so that the hydrogen outlet 212 shown is separated from the exhaust compression gasket, and the hydrogen can flow out from the hydrogen outlet 212.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, a water diversion hole 121 is provided below the water vapor separation chamber 12, a drain outlet 111 connected to the water diversion hole 121 of the water vapor separation chamber 12 is provided below the separation module body 11, and the drainage pressure control component 13 is arranged between the water diversion hole 121 and the drain outlet 111 to control the drainage timing of the water vapor separation chamber 12.

[0065] In the embodiment, the original hydrogen-water mixed gas prepared in the electrolysis system flows into the water vapor separation chamber 12 from the steam inlet 112. Due to the condensation effect, the water vapor in the original hydrogen-water mixed gas condenses into water droplets and falls to the bottom of the water vapor separation chamber 12 and accumulates at the water diversion hole 121. When the water at the water diversion hole 121 reaches a certain accumulation amount, the drainage pressure control component 13 will quickly drain the water.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drainage pressure control assembly 13 includes a drainage valve body 131 connected to the water diversion hole 121 of the water vapor separation chamber 12 and the drainage port 111 of the separation module body 11, a drainage cavity 132 arranged in the drainage valve body 131 and connected to the drainage hole 134, a drainage elastic pad 133 arranged below the drainage cavity 132 and in contact with or separated from the water diversion hole 121 to cut off or restore the connection between the drainage cavity 132 and the water diversion hole 121, and a drainage hole 134 arranged below the drainage valve body 131 and connected to the drainage cavity 132 and the drainage port 111.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, by calculating the compression amount of the drainage elastic pad 133, the water diversion hole 121 and the drainage elastic pad 133 are controlled to form a sealing structure when the gas in the water vapor separation module 1 is at normal pressure or low pressure. When the hydrogen production of the electrolysis system gradually increases and the pressure in the water vapor separation module 1 gradually increases, it is set that when the pressure in the water vapor separation module 1 and the amount of water accumulation at the water diversion hole 121 reach a certain value, under the action of air pressure and water pressure, the drainage elastic pad 133 is squeezed and separated from the water diversion hole 121, thereby restoring the connection relationship between the drainage cavity 132 and the water diversion hole 121, thereby opening the waste water discharge passage of the water diversion hole 121-drainage cavity 132-drainage hole 134-drainage port 111, and the waste water formed by condensation flows into the drainage cavity 132, and under the driving of air pressure, the waste water enters the drainage port 111 through the drainage holes 134 on both sides of the drainage elastic pad 133 and flows into the rear pipeline for drainage.

[0068] Furthermore, in order to prevent the sealing ring and the drainage elastic pad 133 from failing due to long-term compression and deformation, a high-pressure resistant drainage solenoid valve a is installed on the pipe behind the drain outlet 111. The drainage solenoid valve a can cooperate with the drainage pressure control component 13 to achieve periodic instantaneous drainage, further stabilizing the high-pressure state in the high-pressure water vapor separation system.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, the high-pressure water vapor separation system further includes a pressure relief module 3 connected to the water vapor separation module 1 and the back pressure module 2 for limiting the maximum pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system.

[0070] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen after water vapor separation by the water vapor separation module 1 flows out from the gas outlet 113, passes through a three-way valve block, and enters the pressure relief module 3: the pressure relief module 3 is a physical mechanical mode of pressure relief. When the pressure exceeds the safety limit, it will release the pressure, thereby controlling the hydrogen pressure within a safe range.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5As shown, the pressure relief module 3 includes a pressure relief valve body 31 provided with a pressure relief hole 311 connected to the water vapor separation module 1 and the back pressure module 2, a pressure relief chamber 32 connected to the outside is provided in the pressure relief valve body 31, and a pressure relief component 33 is arranged in the pressure relief chamber 32 and can be compressed or stretched in the pressure relief chamber 32 according to the pressure change degree at the pressure relief hole 311 to connect or cut off the connection relationship between the pressure relief chamber 32 and the pressure relief hole 311.

[0072] In the embodiment, the pressure relief module 3 is mainly used to ensure the safety of the high-pressure water vapor separation system. When the hydrogen generator fails, such as the back pressure module 2 or the drain solenoid valve a cannot be opened normally, the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system becomes larger and larger. When it exceeds the tolerance range of the device, there will be risks such as bursting. Therefore, a pressure relief module 3 is added in the embodiment. When the hydrogen generator is operating normally, the pressure relief hole 311 forms a sealing structure with the pressure relief compression gasket 333 under the action of the pressure relief elastic member 331 and the pressure relief support groove 332, and the hydrogen cannot be discharged here. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system exceeds the limit, the high-pressure compressible pressure relief elastic member 331 of the gas, the pressure relief hole 311 and the pressure relief sealing gasket are separated to form a passage, and the excess hydrogen is emptied from this passage, thereby reducing the pressure to within the safety limit that the device can withstand.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure relief assembly 33 includes a pressure relief spring piece 331 arranged at the far end of the pressure relief valve body 31 away from the pressure relief hole 311, a pressure relief support groove 332 arranged between the pressure relief spring piece 331 and the pressure relief hole 311 and capable of moving back and forth along the pressure relief chamber 32 as the pressure at the pressure relief hole 311 changes, thereby compressing or releasing the pressure relief spring piece 331, and a pressure relief compression gasket 333 arranged at the contact end of the pressure relief support groove 332 and the pressure relief hole 311 and capable of contacting or separating from the pressure relief hole 311 as the pressure at the pressure relief hole 311 changes.

[0074] In the embodiment, the pressure relief support groove 332 can move in the pressure relief chamber 32 with the compression or release of the pressure relief elastic member 331. When the high-pressure water vapor separation system works normally, the pressure relief support groove 332 is subjected to the elastic force of the pressure relief elastic member 331 and the pressure relief compression gasket 333 to block the pressure relief hole 311 to prevent hydrogen leakage. When the air pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system exceeds the safety limit, under the action of the air pressure, the pressure relief compression gasket 333 and the pressure relief support groove 332 are squeezed and the pressure relief elastic member 331 is compressed, so that the pressure relief hole 311 and the pressure relief chamber 32 are restored to be connected, and the excess hydrogen flows out of the pressure relief hole 311 and is discharged through the pressure relief chamber 32, so that the air pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system is reduced to the safety limit, and the normal working state of the high-pressure water vapor separation system is restored.

[0075] In the embodiment, according to the relationship between the pressure relief spring member 331, the deformation amount and the pressure, the deformation amount of the pressure relief spring member 331 can be controlled by adjusting the installation condition of the pressure relief valve body 31, and the pressure required for the pressure relief hole 311 to separate from the pressure relief compression gasket 333 can be set. When the accumulated hydrogen pressure is greater than the set pressure, the pressure relief spring member 331 can be compressed and deformed, and the pressure relief chamber 32 and the pressure relief hole 311 can be connected to relieve pressure.

[0076] In the embodiment, the pressure required to release the sealing state of each passage of the high-pressure water vapor separation system is set by designing the deformation of the water drainage elastic member, the exhaust elastic member 231, and the pressure relief elastic member 331, and adjusting the compression stroke of the water drainage elastic member, the exhaust elastic member 231, and the pressure relief elastic member 331. When the accumulated hydrogen pressure is greater than the set value, the water drainage elastic member, the exhaust elastic member 231, or the pressure relief elastic member 331 can be compressed to deform and realize the hydrogen circulation.

[0077] In the embodiment, the water drainage elastic member, the exhaust elastic member 231 and the pressure relief elastic member 331 are springs. The spring compression stroke and the hydrogen pressure in the water vapor separation system are calculated as follows:

[0078]

[0079] in:

[0080] f: compression stroke of the spring, mm;

[0081] n: number of coils of the spring;

[0082] D0: outer diameter of the spring, mm;

[0083] D i : inner diameter of the spring, mm;

[0084] G: Material transverse elastic coefficient, kgf / mm 2 ;

[0085] d: spring wire diameter, mm;

[0086] d1: effective diameter of gas-acting gasket, m;

[0087] P: Gas pressure in the water vapor separation chamber, Pa.

[0088] Take the back pressure module 2 as an example: the exhaust elastic member 231 is a 304 stainless steel spring, the spring G value is 7300kgf / mm2, the number of spring coils n=6, the outer diameter D0 is 8.6mm, the inner diameter D iThe diameter of the spring wire is 7.9mm and 1.7mm. If you want to keep the pressure in the high-pressure water vapor separation system at 2.5MPa, the effective diameter of the gas acting on the exhaust compression gasket 233 is 8mm. Substituting it into the above formula, it can be calculated that the value of f is 2.67mm. When the back pressure valve body 21 is designed to control the compression stroke of the exhaust elastic member 231 to be 2.67mm, the gas pressure in the water vapor separation system must reach 2.5MPa or more to open the back pressure module 2.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the output system includes a one-way hydrogen outlet module 4 for controlling the outlet direction of hydrogen, the one-way hydrogen outlet module 4 includes a hydrogen outlet module body 41 provided with a pure hydrogen inlet 411 and a pure hydrogen outlet 412, a hydrogen outlet compression chamber 42 arranged in the hydrogen outlet module body 41, a connecting middle section 43 arranged between the pure hydrogen outlet 412 and the hydrogen outlet compression chamber 42, a hydrogen outlet elastic member 44 arranged at the end of the hydrogen outlet compression chamber 42 close to the connecting middle section 43, and a piston probe rod 45 arranged between the hydrogen outlet elastic member 44 and the pure hydrogen inlet 411 and capable of moving back and forth along the inside of the hydrogen outlet compression chamber 42 and the connecting middle section 43 to cut off or connect the connection relationship between the pure hydrogen inlet 411 and the pure hydrogen outlet 412.

[0090] Since the hydrogen storage alloy (fuel cell) has bidirectional reversibility, when the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen generator is low, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy may be released in the reverse direction. In this embodiment, by designing a special gas outlet mode of the one-way hydrogen outlet module 4, the hydrogen outlet direction is controlled and the charging efficiency is improved, which can ensure that the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy will not be released in the reverse direction and effectively shorten the hydrogen charging time.

[0091] Furthermore, the one-way hydrogen outlet module 4 has a high degree of integration and a wide range of applications. Through clever structural design, it can not only achieve compatibility between the online hydrogen generator and the high-pressure gas-filled hydrogen generator, but also prevent external air from entering the pipeline of the hydrogen generator, thereby ensuring the purity of hydrogen and safety of use.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 connected to the pure hydrogen inlet 411 is provided in the piston probe rod 45, and a pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 connected to the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 is provided on the contact surface between the piston probe rod 45 and the connecting middle section 43. The piston probe rod 45 can move in the hydrogen outlet compression chamber 42 and the connecting middle section 43 to extend or retract the pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 into the connecting middle section 43 as the pressure in the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 changes.

[0093] In the embodiment, the hydrogen dried by the drying system (including molecular sieve or silica gel) enters the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 inside the piston probe rod 45 from the pure hydrogen inlet 411 of the one-way hydrogen outlet module 4, and the pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 of the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 is set between two sealing rings. When the hydrogen pressure is at normal pressure or low pressure, the pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 is sealed up and down by the two sealing rings. As the hydrogen pressure of the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 of the piston probe rod 45 becomes larger and larger, the hydrogen outlet elastic member 44 is compressed, and the piston probe rod 45 moves toward the direction of the pure hydrogen outlet 412. The sealing ring cannot move because it is fixed on the connecting middle section 43, so that the pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 of the piston probe rod 45 is exposed to the connecting middle section 43, and the pure hydrogen inner cavity 451 is connected to the pure hydrogen outlet 412. At this time, the hydrogen flowing out of the pure hydrogen outlet hole 452 can flow out through the pure hydrogen outlet 412 for hydrogen storage alloy charging.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the water vapor separation chamber 12 and the drainage pressure control assembly 13, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the drainage pressure control assembly 13 and the drainage port 111, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the back pressure piston 232 and the hydrogen containing chamber 22; a sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the connecting middle section 43 and the piston probe rod 45 around the pure hydrogen outlet 452.

[0095] In the embodiment, a sealing ring is provided in each module to ensure the sealing of the hydrogen generator as a whole, prevent uncontrolled leakage of hydrogen, and ensure that the gas pressure in the hydrogen generator is in a controllable state.

[0096] In the embodiment, the sealing ring provided at the connection between the back pressure piston 232 and the hydrogen containing chamber 22 ensures that hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet 212 without leaking out from the side of the back pressure piston 232 even if the exhaust elastic member 231 is compressed downward.

[0097] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable multifunctional hydrogen generator, include: An electrolysis system for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen and discharge water, a high-pressure water vapor separation system for purifying hydrogen connected to the electrolysis system, a drying system for drying hydrogen connected to the high-pressure water vapor separation system, and an output system for outputting hydrogen connected to the drying system, characterized in that: The high-pressure water vapor separation system comprises: a water vapor separation module (1) which is in communication with the electrolysis system and separates water from hydrogen produced by the electrolysis system, and a back pressure module (2) which is used to connect the water vapor separation module (1) and the drying system; The water vapor separation module (1) comprises: a separation module body (11) connected to the electrolysis system and the back pressure module (2), a water vapor separation chamber (12) arranged inside the separation module body (11) for accommodating the original hydrogen-water mixed gas produced by the electrolysis system, and a drainage pressure control component (13) connected to the water vapor separation chamber (12) for controlling the pressure of the water vapor separation chamber (12) to control the drainage timing; The back pressure module (2) comprises: a back pressure valve body (21) connected to the water vapor separation module (1) and a drying system, a hydrogen containing chamber (22) arranged in the back pressure valve body (21) for containing hydrogen purified by the water vapor separation module (1), and an exhaust pressure control component (23) which is compressed or expanded as the pressure in the hydrogen containing chamber (22) changes, thereby opening or closing a hydrogen outlet (212) of the back pressure valve body (21); the back pressure valve body (21) is provided with a hydrogen inlet (211) connected to the water vapor separation module (1) and a hydrogen outlet (212) connected to the drying system; the hydrogen containing chamber (22) is connected to the hydrogen inlet (211) and the hydrogen outlet (212) is connected to the drying system; 211); the exhaust pressure control assembly (23) comprises an exhaust elastic member (231) arranged at a far end of the back pressure valve body (21) away from the hydrogen outlet (212), a back pressure piston (232) arranged between the exhaust elastic member (231) and the hydrogen outlet (212) and capable of moving back and forth along the hydrogen containing chamber (22) as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber (22) changes, thereby compressing or releasing the exhaust elastic member (231), and an exhaust compression gasket (233) arranged at the contact end of the back pressure piston (232) and the hydrogen outlet (212) and capable of contacting or separating from the hydrogen outlet (212) as the pressure of the hydrogen containing chamber (22) changes.

2. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A water separation hole (121) is provided below the water vapor separation chamber (12); a drainage port (111) connected to the water separation hole (121) of the water vapor separation chamber (12) is provided below the separation module body (11); and the drainage pressure control component (13) is arranged between the water separation hole (121) and the drainage port (111) to control the drainage timing of the water vapor separation chamber (12).

3. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The drainage pressure control assembly (13) comprises a drainage valve body (131) connected to the water diversion hole (121) of the water vapor separation chamber (12) and the drainage port (111) of the separation module body (11), a drainage cavity (132) arranged in the drainage valve body (131) and connected to the drainage hole (134), a drainage elastic pad (133) arranged below the drainage cavity (132) and abutting against or separating from the water diversion hole (121) to cut off or restore the communication relationship between the drainage cavity (132) and the water diversion hole (121), and a drainage hole (134) arranged below the drainage valve body (131) and connected to the drainage cavity (132) and the drainage port (111).

4. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The high-pressure water vapor separation system further comprises a pressure relief module (3) which is in communication with the water vapor separation module (1) and the back pressure module (2) and is used to limit the maximum pressure of the high-pressure water vapor separation system.

5. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The pressure relief module (3) comprises a pressure relief valve body (31) provided with a pressure relief hole (311) communicating with the water vapor separation module (1) and the back pressure module (2), a pressure relief chamber (32) communicating with the outside provided in the pressure relief valve body (31), and a pressure relief component (33) arranged in the pressure relief chamber (32) and capable of being compressed or stretched in the pressure relief chamber (32) according to the degree of pressure change at the pressure relief hole (311) to connect or cut off the communication relationship between the pressure relief chamber (32) and the pressure relief hole (311).

6. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The pressure relief assembly (33) comprises a pressure relief elastic member (331) arranged at the far end of the pressure relief valve body (31) away from the pressure relief hole (311), a pressure relief support groove (332) arranged between the pressure relief elastic member (331) and the pressure relief hole (311) and capable of moving back and forth along the pressure relief chamber (32) as the pressure at the pressure relief hole (311) changes, thereby compressing or releasing the pressure relief elastic member (331), and a pressure relief compression gasket (333) arranged at the contact end between the pressure relief support groove (332) and the pressure relief hole (311) and capable of contacting or separating from the pressure relief hole (311) as the pressure at the pressure relief hole (311) changes.

7. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The output system comprises a one-way hydrogen output module (4) for controlling the hydrogen output direction, the one-way hydrogen output module (4) comprising a hydrogen output module body (41) provided with a pure hydrogen inlet (411) and a pure hydrogen outlet (412), a hydrogen output compression chamber (42) arranged in the hydrogen output module body (41), a connecting middle section (43) arranged between the pure hydrogen outlet (412) and the hydrogen output compression chamber (42), a hydrogen output elastic member (44) arranged at an end of the hydrogen output compression chamber (42) close to the connecting middle section (43), and a piston probe (45) arranged between the hydrogen output elastic member (44) and the pure hydrogen inlet (411) and capable of moving back and forth along the inside of the hydrogen output compression chamber (42) and the connecting middle section (43) to cut off or connect the connection relationship between the pure hydrogen inlet (411) and the pure hydrogen outlet (412).

8. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The piston probe (45) is provided with a pure hydrogen inner cavity (451) in communication with the pure hydrogen inlet (411); the contact surface between the piston probe (45) and the connecting middle section (43) is provided with a pure hydrogen outlet hole (452) in communication with the pure hydrogen inner cavity (451); the piston probe (45) can move within the hydrogen outlet compression cavity (42) and the connecting middle section (43) as the pressure in the pure hydrogen inner cavity (451) changes, thereby extending or retracting the pure hydrogen outlet hole (452) into the connecting middle section (43).

9. The portable multifunctional hydrogen generator according to claim 8, It is characterized in that A sealing ring is provided at the connection between the water vapor separation chamber (12) and the drainage pressure control assembly (13), a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the drainage pressure control assembly (13) and the drainage port (111), and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the back pressure piston (232) and the hydrogen containing chamber (22); and a sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the connecting middle section (43) and the piston probe rod (45) around the pure hydrogen outlet (452).

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