A porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger
By using sliding cleaning board and baffle assembly in shell and tube heat exchangers, the problems of scale accumulation on the surface of the heat exchange tube and small space cleaning are solved, the heat exchange efficiency and heat energy utilization are improved, and the cleaning process is simplified.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410866019.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-07-01
Smart Images
Figure CN118623664B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art
[0002] At present, the shell and tube heat exchanger is a partition-type heat exchanger that uses the wall of the tube bundle enclosed in the shell as the heat transfer surface. This type of heat exchanger has a simple structure, low cost, wide flow interface, and can be cleaned of scale. It can be made of various structural materials and can be used under high temperature and high pressure. It is the most widely used type.
[0003] A common shell and tube heat exchanger includes a shell, ends at both ends of the shell, a tube sheet inside the shell, two groups of tube sheets, the two groups of tube sheets are arranged opposite to each other, the heat exchange tubes are fixed to the two groups of tube sheets by expansion welding, the two ends are hollow, one end is provided with a tube side inlet, the other end is provided with a tube side outlet, and the outer peripheral wall of the shell is provided with a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet; when the shell and tube heat exchanger is in use, the shell side inlet is connected to high-temperature hot steam, the shell side outlet is connected to a collection device for condensate and cold steam, and the tube side inlet and outlet are connected to the tube side fluid.
[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, when some high-temperature steam is used for heat exchange and energy storage, the high-temperature hot steam connected to the shell inlet is often directly discharged from the boiler. During long-term use, scale will be generated on the surface of the heat exchange tube, which affects the heat exchange efficiency between the tube fluid and the high-temperature hot steam. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the surface of the heat exchange tube. When the technicians clean the surface of the above-mentioned heat exchange tube, they often disassemble the head and the shell, pull the tube sheet and the heat exchange tube out of the shell, and use a high-pressure water gun to clean the outside and inside of the heat exchange tube, which is troublesome to operate. Moreover, when cleaning the heat exchange tube in some narrow spaces, the tube sheet is not easy to be completely removed from the shell, so it is not easy to thoroughly clean the heat exchange tube, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to simplify the operation of cleaning the outer surface of the heat exchange tube in a shell and tube heat exchanger, improve the cleaning efficiency and facilitate the cleaning of the outer surface of the heat exchange tube in a small space, the present application provides a porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger.
[0006] The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger provided in the present application adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell, heads arranged at both ends of the shell, a tube sheet and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, a tube side inlet arranged on one of the heads, a tube side outlet arranged on the other head, a shell side inlet and a shell side outlet arranged on the shell, characterized in that: a water outlet is provided on the shell, a cleaning component, a power part for driving the cleaning component and a baffle component are provided in the shell; the cleaning component comprises a plurality of cleaning plates slidably arranged in the shell, the plurality of cleaning plates are coaxially arranged, the sliding direction of the cleaning plates is consistent with the length direction of the heat exchange tube, the cleaning plates are provided with cleaning holes for the heat exchange tube to pass through, and the outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube is aligned with the cleaning hole The inner wall of the shell is movably fitted, and multiple groups of cleaning plates are arranged in a ring shape. The sliding speeds of the multiple groups of cleaning plates are inconsistent. When the multiple groups of cleaning plates slide to the water outlet position at the same time, the multiple groups of cleaning plates are combined into a shape consistent with the cross-sectional area of the shell; the baffle assembly includes a baffle plate arranged in the shell, and the baffle plates are provided with multiple groups. The multiple groups of baffle plates correspond to the multiple groups of cleaning plates one by one. The baffle plates are movably pressed against the corresponding cleaning plates. When the baffle plates are pressed against the corresponding cleaning plates, the baffle plates and the cleaning plates are spliced into a whole to disperse the heat medium in the shell side. The baffle plates and the cleaning plates are both provided with baffle holes. The shell is also provided with a positioning member for keeping the relative position of the baffle plates and the cleaning plates constant.
[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, first, during normal heat exchange, high-temperature steam is input at the shell side inlet, and normal temperature heat exchange medium is input at the tube side inlet. The high-temperature steam is output through the shell side outlet after heat exchange cooling, and the heat exchange medium is output through the tube side outlet after heat exchange is completed, thereby completing the heat exchange.
[0009] When the outer surface of the heat exchange tube needs to be cleaned, the multiple groups of cleaning plates are slidably adjusted, and the cleaning plates are scraped relative to the surface of the heat exchange tube. Since the cleaning holes fit the surface of the heat exchange tube at this time, the scale and impurities on the surface of the heat exchange tube can be cleaned without pulling the heat exchange tube out of the shell, thereby reducing the space required for cleaning the heat exchange tube and improving the adaptability of the heat exchanger in a narrow space.
[0010] At the same time, since the movement speeds of the multiple groups of cleaning plates are inconsistent, when the cleaning plates are slid, the multiple groups of cleaning plates are arranged in a ring shape. When the multiple groups of cleaning plates slide to the water outlet position, the multiple groups of cleaning plates have been enclosed in a form consistent with the entire inner area of the shell, thereby achieving effective cleaning of the heat exchange tubes in the entire shell.
[0011] When the heat exchanger is in normal use, the cleaning plate is adjusted to slide to a position corresponding to the baffle plate. At this time, the cleaning plate cooperates with the baffle plate. When the hot steam enters the shell side, the baffle plate and the corresponding cleaning plate are tightly spliced to baffle the hot steam, thereby increasing the retention time of the hot steam in the shell side, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. The baffle holes opened on the baffle plate divide the hot steam into small air masses after the hot steam enters the shell side, thereby reducing the flow rate of the hot steam in the shell side, thereby further increasing the retention time of the hot steam in the shell side, and then improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the hot steam.
[0012] Optionally, the power part includes a rotating rod rotatably arranged in the head and passing through the tube sheet, and the rotating rod is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of rotating rods correspond one-to-one to the multiple groups of cleaning plates. The multiple groups of rotating rods are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the shell, and the part of the rotating rod located in the shell is adapted to the corresponding cleaning plate thread. A driving gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod, and adjacent driving gears are meshed with each other. The rotation speed of the driving gear corresponding to the rotating rod corresponds to the sliding speed of the corresponding cleaning plate.
[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to scrape and clean the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger, by driving one group of rotating rods to rotate, the driving gear on the rotating rod drives the driving gear on another group of rotating rods to rotate, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of multiple groups of rotating rods, and setting the gear pitch to a form corresponding to the rotation speed of the cleaning plate, thereby realizing the rotation of multiple cleaning plates, achieving the inconsistency of the sliding speed and the terminal position of multiple cleaning plates, and then achieving the corresponding position of the cleaning plate and the deflector during normal heat exchange, and realizing the deflection of hot steam during normal heat exchange; when cleaning is required, the cleaning plates with different moving speeds can be used to achieve the synchronous arrival of the cleaning plates at the water outlet position, thereby realizing efficient cleaning of the heat exchange tubes.
[0014] Optionally, the baffle plate is provided with a spoiler hole near the overlap with the cleaning plate, the baffle plate includes a baffle portion and a spoiler portion, the baffle portion is inclined toward the shell inlet, the spoiler portion is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange tube, the baffle hole is opened in the baffle portion, the spoiler portion is provided with a spoiler hole, the opening direction of the spoiler hole is arranged at an angle to the opening direction of the baffle hole, and a spoiler blade is also rotatably provided in the spoiler hole.
[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the baffle is provided with two baffles and a spoiler arranged at an angle to each other, and the baffle is arranged in a manner inclined toward the shell inlet. When hot steam enters the baffle, the inclined baffle makes it difficult for the hot steam to pass through, thereby increasing the retention time of the hot steam in the shell. At the same time, the spoiler is convenient for fixing the heat exchange tube. At the same time, the spoiler holes opened in the spoiler and the spoiler blades are rotatably arranged. When the hot steam passes through the baffle holes and the spoiler holes, since the baffle is inclined toward the feed port, the flow direction of the hot steam passing through the baffle holes interferes with the flow direction of the hot steam passing through the spoiler holes, resulting in a counter-attack, thereby further slowing down the circulation speed of the hot steam and increasing the contact time between the hot steam and the heat exchange tube.
[0016] At the same time, the spoiler blades arranged in the spoiler holes are rotated to further divide the hot steam into small air masses when the hot steam passes through. At the same time, the presence of the spoiler blades reduces the vibration generated when the hot steam passes through the spoiler holes, thereby making the baffle plate stable in fixing the heat exchange tube.
[0017] Optionally, a lap groove is provided on the side of the spoiler, the cleaning plate is overlapped and fitted with the lap groove, the positioning member includes a positioning block slidably arranged on the spoiler, a positioning groove is provided on the side of the cleaning plate that fits the lap groove, the positioning block is movably inserted into the positioning groove, and a fixing member is also provided on the deflector, and when the spoiler blade rotates, the fixing member drives the positioning block to slide to a position where it is inserted into the positioning groove.
[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, in order to achieve stable deflection of hot steam, during heat exchange, the cleaning plate and the corresponding deflector plate need to maintain a stable relative position. Under the action of the fixing part, the spoiler blade drives the positioning block to be inserted into the positioning groove when rotating, so as to achieve stable overlap between the cleaning plate and the overlapping groove, and achieve stable splicing of the cleaning plate and the deflector plate, so as to achieve stable deflection and stable heat exchange of hot steam; and when it is necessary to clean the outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube, in order to ensure safety, high-temperature steam will not be introduced into the shell side, so that the spoiler blade is not easy to rotate at this time, so that the fixing part keeps the positioning block unlocked, which is convenient for the subsequent rotation adjustment of the rotating rod to achieve the cleaning of the surface of the heat exchange tube.
[0019] Optionally, a scraper corresponding to the cleaning plate is further provided in the shell, and a cleaning hole is provided on the scraper for the heat exchange tube to pass through. The scraper is fitted with the inner wall of the shell, and the scraper slides between two adjacent baffles. The inner circumferential wall of the scraper is movably fitted with the outer circumferential wall of the cleaning plate, and a synchronization part is also provided on the scraper for keeping the cleaning plate and the scraper in synchronous movement.
[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding cleaning plate cooperates with the scraper. During the sliding process of the cleaning plate, under the action of the synchronizing member, the cleaning plate and the scraper slide synchronously, so that the heat exchange tubes in the entire shell are cleaned. At the same time, the scraper is also convenient for scraping and cleaning the inner wall of the shell during cleaning. At the same time, since the scraper slides between the two baffles, the interference caused by the sliding of adjacent cleaning plates and scrapers is reduced.
[0021] Optionally, the synchronous component includes a synchronous block slidably arranged on the scraper, the synchronous block movably protrudes from the inner peripheral wall of the scraper, and one end of the synchronous block movably protrudes is movably fitted and pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the scraper. An adjustment block is slidably arranged in the scraper, and both ends of the adjustment block protrude from the opposite outer side walls of the scraper, and one end of the adjustment block protruding from the scraper is movably fitted and pressed against the side wall of the baffle. An adjustment hole is opened on the adjustment block, and one end of the synchronization block located in the scraper is slidably fitted with the adjustment hole, and when the adjustment hole corresponds to the synchronization block, the synchronization block can be immersed in the scraper.
[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the cleaning plate starts to slide from the initial state, the outer peripheral wall of the cleaning plate is pressed against the synchronization block on the inner peripheral wall of the scraper. At this time, since the adjustment hole on the adjustment block does not correspond to the synchronization block, when the cleaning plate is pressed against the synchronization block, the adjustment block is not easy to sink into the scraper, thereby realizing the sliding drive of the scraper by the cleaning plate; until the scraper and the baffle are pressed against each other, at this time, since both ends of the adjustment block protrude from the scraper layout, when the scraper and the baffle are pressed against each other, the adjustment block slides under the pressing action of the baffle, so that the adjustment block slides to the corresponding adjustment hole and the synchronization block. At this time, the cleaning plate continues to move and presses against the synchronization block, so that the synchronization block sinks into the scraper, so that the scraper and the baffle are relatively still after being fitted with the baffle, and does not affect the subsequent continued movement of the cleaning plate to scrape and clean the outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube.
[0023] Optionally, a first connecting hole is provided on the side wall of the baffle plate close to the inner circumferential wall of the shell, a lap plate is rotatably provided in the first connecting hole, the lap plate movably blocks the first connecting hole, a second connecting hole is provided on the scraper plate, and a clamping block is provided on the side of the scraper plate close to the shell liquid inlet, the clamping block is movably clamped against the lap plate, and the first connecting hole is movably connected to the second connecting hole.
[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, when cleaning the surface of the heat exchange tube, the cleaning plate and the scraper scrape and clean the surface of the heat exchange tube, and the scraper also scrapes off the scale on the inner surface of the shell. When the scale and impurities are scraped off the surface of the heat exchange tube, due to the blocking effect of the baffle plate, some of the scale and impurities are not easy to remove. Therefore, the first connecting hole opened on the baffle plate is used to facilitate the passage of scale and impurities. During normal heat exchange, the lap plate overlaps the inner wall of the first connecting hole to seal the first connecting hole, thereby realizing the stable deflection of hot steam by the baffle plate. At the same time, during cleaning, when the cleaning plate slides toward the water outlet, the scraper is driven to slide toward the water outlet. When the scraper and the baffle plate are pressed against each other, the pressing block presses against the lap plate, thereby realizing the rotation of the lap plate, so that the first connecting hole is opened, thereby facilitating the passage of impurities and scale, reducing the accumulation of scale and impurities in the shell, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.
[0025] Optionally, the fixing member includes a movable block provided at the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade, the movable block movably protrudes from the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade, and the movable block movably fits with the end side of the positioning block away from the positioning groove.
[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the spoiler blade rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the movable block protrudes from the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade, and the movable block movably presses against the end side of the positioning block, so that the positioning block is always inserted into the positioning groove, thereby achieving stable splicing of the cleaning plate and the deflector plate, and achieving stable deflection of the hot steam.
[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0028] 1. By sliding multiple sets of cleaning plates and multiple sets of baffles corresponding to the cleaning plates in the shell, when the heat exchange tube needs to be cleaned, the technician does not need to pull the heat exchange tube out of the shell as a whole. The cleaning plate can be adjusted to slide so that the cleaning plate fits the surface of the heat exchange tube for cleaning, thereby improving the adaptability of the heat exchange tube when used in a narrow space. At the same time, during normal heat exchange, the cleaning plate moves to the position of the baffle, and the cleaning plate cooperates with the baffle to achieve normal baffle of hot steam, thereby increasing the retention time of hot steam in the shell.
[0029] 2. The baffle is arranged into a baffle and a spoiler. The inclined baffle blocks the hot steam, reduces the flow velocity of the hot steam, and divides the hot steam into a plurality of small bubbles through the baffle holes. The spoiler holes and spoiler blades are arranged on the spoiler. Since the spoiler is arranged perpendicular to the heat exchange tube, when the hot steam passes through the spoiler, it is easy to vibrate when the hot steam passes through the spoiler vertically, which affects the connection stability between the spoiler and the heat exchange tube;
[0030] 3. By setting the cleaning plate to correspond to the scraper, when the cleaning plate is driven to slide, the scraper is driven to slide accordingly, thereby achieving synchronous cleaning of the outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube and the inner peripheral wall of the shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal connection structure of the shell;
[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A;
[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of part B;
[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the clamping block and the lap plate.
[0036] 1. Shell; 11. End cap; 12. Tube sheet; 13. Heat exchange tube; 14. Tube inlet; 15. Tube outlet; 16. Shell inlet; 17. Shell outlet; 18. Water outlet; 2. Cleaning assembly; 21. Cleaning plate; 22. Cleaning hole; 23. Power piece; 231. Rotating rod; 232. Driving gear; 24. Scraper; 25. Synchronous block; 26. Adjusting block; 27. Adjusting hole; 3. Baffle assembly; 31. Baffle; 311. Baffle part; 312. Disturbing part; 32. Baffle hole; 33. Disturbing hole; 34. Disturbing blade; 35. Positioning piece; 351. Positioning block; 352. Positioning groove; 353. Overlap groove; 36. Fixing piece; 361. Movable block; 37. First connecting hole; 38. Second connecting hole; 39. Overlap plate; 391. Tightening block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.
[0038] The present application embodiment discloses a porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger. Figure 1A porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger includes a shell 1, a head 11 fixed at both ends of the shell 1, a tube sheet 12 fixed at the head 11, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 13 fixedly arranged on the two tube sheets 12, a tube side inlet 14 is provided on one head 11, a tube side outlet 15 is provided on one head 11, a shell side inlet 16 is provided at one end of the shell 1 close to the tube side outlet 15, a shell side outlet 17 is provided at one end of the shell 1 close to the tube side inlet 14, and a water outlet 18 is provided on the bottom side of the shell side close to the tube side inlet 14, and a cleaning component 2 and a baffle component 3 are also provided in the shell 1.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cleaning assembly 2 includes a plurality of cleaning plates 21 slidably disposed in the shell 1. The cleaning plates 21 are provided with cleaning holes 22 for the heat exchange tubes 13 to slide through. The outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tubes 13 fits with the inner peripheral wall of the cleaning holes 22. The sliding directions of the plurality of cleaning plates 21 are consistent with the axial direction of the shell 1. The plurality of cleaning plates 21 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the shell 1. Except for the cleaning plates 21 on the side farthest from the water outlet 18, the plurality of cleaning plates 21 are all in annular shape. The sliding speeds of the plurality of cleaning plates 21 are inconsistent. The cleaning plates 21 on the side farthest from the water outlet 18 are not uniform. The cleaning plates 21 slide the fastest, and the cleaning plates 21 closest to the water outlet 18 slide the fastest, and all the cleaning plates 21 slide to the position of the water outlet 18 at the same time. When all the cleaning plates 21 slide to the position of the water outlet 18 at the same time, all the cleaning plates 21 are enclosed into a shape consistent with the cross-sectional area of the shell 1; in the present application, three groups of cleaning plates 21 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the shell 1. In other embodiments, the number of groups of cleaning plates 21 can be adjusted according to the actual size of the shell 1, and can be adjusted to two groups, four groups, five groups, etc.
[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The shell 1 is also provided with a power member 23 for slidingly driving the cleaning plate 21. The power member 23 includes a rotating rod 231 rotatably arranged on the head 11 and rotating through the tube plate 12. There are multiple groups of rotating rods 231, and the multiple groups of rotating rods 231 correspond to the multiple groups of cleaning plates 21 one by one. The rotating rods 231 are threadedly adapted to the cleaning plates 21, and the rotating rods 231 are provided with bidirectional threads.
[0041] Each rotating rod 231 is coaxially fixedly connected with a driving gear 232, and adjacent driving gears 232 mesh with each other. In actual production, in order to realize sliding drive of different cleaning plates 21 at different speeds, there are three solutions, one of which is that the three sets of driving gears 232 adopt the same form, the pitch of the external thread on different rotating rods 231 is set to different forms, and the pitch of the rotating rod 231 corresponding to the cleaning plate 21 with the smallest diameter is set to the smallest form, that is, when the rotating speed of the rotating rod 231 is the same, the scene of different speeds of the cleaning plates 21 is realized;
[0042] The second solution is to set the rotating rod 231 to the same thread form, and set the diameters of different driving gears 232 to different sizes, that is, by changing the diameter of the driving gear 232, the rotation speed of different rotating rods 231 is changed, and sliding drive of different cleaning plates 21 with different sliding speeds is achieved.
[0043] A third solution is to change the pitch of the rotating rod 231 and the diameter of the driving gear 232 , so as to achieve driving of different cleaning plates 21 at different sliding speeds.
[0044] The second solution is adopted in the embodiment of the present application. This solution has lower requirements for the installer and will not cause problems such as high installation accuracy and harsh working conditions during subsequent use due to denser threads.
[0045] At the same time, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency and heat energy utilization rate between the hot steam in the entire shell 1 and the liquid in the tube, a baffle assembly 3 is further provided in the shell 1. The baffle assembly 3 includes a baffle plate 31 fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1. The baffle plates 31 are provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of baffle plates 31 correspond to the multiple groups of cleaning plates 21 one by one, and the baffle plates 31 are spliced with the cleaning plates 21, and the baffle plates 31 and the corresponding cleaning plates 21 are enclosed in a shape that closes the inner cavity of the entire shell 1. The baffle plate 31 is provided with holes for the heat exchange tube 13 to pass through. The baffle plate 31 includes a baffle portion 311 arranged obliquely toward the shell side inlet 16 and a spoiler portion 312 arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the heat exchange tube 13. The baffle portion 311 is provided with a baffle hole 32, and the opening direction of the baffle hole 32 is perpendicular to the baffle portion 311. The spoiler portion 312 is provided with a spoiler hole 33, and the opening direction of the spoiler hole 33 is perpendicular to the spoiler portion 312.
[0046] Through this arrangement, when the heat exchanger is performing normal heat exchange work, the hot steam enters the shell 1 through the shell inlet 16. During normal heat exchange, the baffle plate 31 is spliced with the cleaning plate 21 to achieve normal deflection of the hot steam, so that the hot steam stays in the shell for a longer time, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the hot steam and the heat exchange medium and the thermal energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, the baffle plate 31 is also provided with a positioning member 35 for maintaining a stable splicing of the baffle plate 31 and the cleaning plate 21.
[0047] In order to further disturb the hot steam, a spoiler blade 34 is rotatably arranged in the spoiler hole 33, and a lap groove 353 is opened at the boundary of the deflector 31, the lap groove 353 is step-shaped, and the side of the cleaning plate 21 is also step-shaped, the side of the cleaning plate 21 is movably fitted and pressed against the lap groove 353, and the positioning member 35 includes a positioning block 351 which is slidably arranged on the deflector 31 and movably extends out of the lap groove 353, and a positioning groove 352 is opened on the side of the cleaning plate 21, and the positioning block 351 is movably inserted into the positioning groove 352. During normal use, the cleaning plate 21 and the deflector 31 need to be stably spliced and locked, so as to achieve stable deflection of the hot steam.
[0048] Since it is necessary to ensure that the cleaning plate 21 and the baffle plate 31 are stably spliced during normal heat exchange, a fixing member 36 is also provided on the baffle plate 31, and the fixing member 36 includes a movable block 361 movably arranged at the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade 34, and the movable block 361 movably protrudes from the rotating shaft arrangement, and the end of the positioning block 351 away from the positioning groove 352 is movably fitted and pressed against the movable block 361. During normal heat exchange, when hot steam passes through the spoiler hole 33, the spoiler blade 34 rotates, so that the movable block 361 protrudes from the rotating shaft arrangement under the action of centrifugal force, and the end side of the movable block 361 protruding from the rotating shaft is pressed against the positioning block 351, so that the positioning block 351 is inserted into the positioning groove 352, thereby realizing the stable splicing of the cleaning plate 21 and the baffle plate 31. Thus, the hot steam is stably baffled.
[0049] At this time, the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 13 can be cleaned, but because the cleaning plate 21 is arranged in a ring shape, when the cleaning plate 21 slides, the ring-shaped cleaning plate 21 can only clean the heat exchange tube 13 in the ring area, so there is still a cleaning dead corner. In order to solve this problem, a scraper 24 is also slidably arranged in the shell 1, and the scraper 24 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell 1. There are also multiple groups of scrapers 24, and the multiple groups of scrapers 24 correspond to the multiple groups of cleaning plates 21 one by one. The sliding direction of the scraper 24 is consistent with the axial direction of the shell 1. The scraper 24 and the corresponding cleaning plate 21 enclose an area for cleaning the heat exchange tube 13 in the entire shell 1, and the corresponding scraper 24 slides between the two baffles 31, and the scraper 24 is also provided with a synchronization member for driving the scraper 24 to slide between the two baffles 31 when the cleaning plate 21 slides.
[0050] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The synchronous member includes a synchronous block 25 elastically slidably arranged on the scraper 24, the synchronous block 25 is movably protruded from the scraper 24, and the synchronous block 25 is protruded from the inner peripheral wall of the scraper 24. The end side of the synchronous block 25 protruding from the scraper 24 is inclined, and the inclined end of the synchronous block 25 is tightly pressed against the outer periphery of the cleaning plate 21. The sliding direction of the synchronous block 25 is consistent with the radial direction of the scraper 24. An adjusting block 26 is also provided in the scraper 24. An adjusting hole 27 is opened in the middle of the adjusting block 26. The adjusting hole 27 is for the synchronous block 25 to movably pass through. The two ends of the adjusting block 26 protrude from the opposite side walls of the scraper 24, and the adjusting block 26 is fixedly connected to the inner part of the scraper 24 with an adjusting spring, which is used to drive the adjusting block 26 to keep the adjusting hole 27 at a staggered position with the synchronous block 25, and the adjusting spring is used to drive the adjusting block 26 to keep the adjusting hole 27 at a staggered position with the synchronous block 25, and the adjusting spring is used to drive the adjusting block 26 to keep the adjusting hole 27 at a staggered position with the synchronous block 25. There are two groups of adjustment holes 27 on the block 26. The adjustment block 26 protrudes from the end side of the scraper 24 and is pressed against the baffle 31. During the sliding process of the cleaning plate 21, the cleaning plate 21 presses against the synchronization block 25 to drive the scraper 24 to move. The cleaning plate 21 and the scraper 24 clean the outer peripheral wall of the entire heat exchange tube 13 until the cleaning plate 21 moves close to one of the baffles 31. At this time, the adjustment block 26 first fits against the baffle 31. At this time, the adjustment block 26 slides under the pressure of the baffle 31, so that the adjustment hole 27 is opposite to the synchronization block 25. At this time, the cleaning plate 21 continues to move and presses against the synchronization block 25. The synchronization block 25 slides toward the scraper 24. At this time, the cleaning plate 21 can smoothly pass through the scraper 24 and then be spliced and pressed against the baffle 31 to achieve stable deflection of the hot steam.
[0051] In actual use, it is found that Figure 5 Due to the presence of the baffle 31, even if the cleaning plate 21 and the scraper 24 clean the scale and impurities from the surface of the heat exchange tube 13, some impurities and scale are not easy to flow out from the water outlet 18. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, refer to Figure 4 A first connecting hole 37 is formed on the baffle plate 31 , and a lap plate 39 is rotatably disposed in the first connecting hole 37 . The lap plate 39 is movably pressed against the inner peripheral wall of the first connecting hole 37 .
[0052] A second connecting hole 38 is provided on the scraper 24, and a tightening block 391 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the second connecting hole 38 on the scraper 24. The tightening block 391 is movably fitted with the lap plate 39, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the lap plate 39. During normal heat exchange, the lap plate 39 overlaps the inner wall of the first connecting hole 37 to block the first connecting hole 37, thereby realizing stable deflection of hot steam by the baffle plate 31; at the same time, during cleaning, when the cleaning plate 21 slides toward the water outlet 18, the scraper 24 is driven to slide toward the water outlet 18. When the scraper 24 is pressed against the deflector 31, the tightening block 391 presses against the lap plate 39, thereby realizing the rotation of the lap plate 39, so that the first connecting hole 37 is connected and opened with the second connecting hole 38, thereby facilitating the passage of impurities and scale, reducing the accumulation of scale and impurities in the shell 1, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.
[0053] The implementation principle of a porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: during normal heat exchange, the cleaning plate 21 is located at a position corresponding to the baffle plate 31. At this time, the hot steam drives the spoiler blade 34 to rotate when passing through the spoiler hole 33. When the spoiler blade 34 rotates, the movable block 361 always protrudes from the rotating shaft arrangement of the spoiler blade 34 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the movable block 361 presses against the positioning block 351, so that the positioning block 351 is always inserted into the positioning groove 352, thereby achieving stable splicing of the cleaning plate 21 and the baffle plate 31, so that the cleaning plate 21 and the baffle plate 31 can stably baffle the hot steam. At the same time, through the baffle portion 311 and the spoiler portion 312 arranged at an angle, when the hot steam passes through the baffle hole 32 and the spoiler hole 33, due to the inconsistent flow direction of the hot steam, turbulence is generated between them, thereby slowing down the flow rate of the hot steam, thereby increasing the retention time of the hot steam in the shell 1, and improving the heat exchange efficiency and thermal energy utilization rate.
[0054] When the surface of the heat exchange tube 13 needs to be cleaned, the rotating rod 231 is driven by the motor to rotate, and the driving gears 232 are meshed with each other to realize the synchronous sliding of multiple groups of cleaning plates 21. When the cleaning plate 21 moves against the surface of the heat exchange tube 13, the cleaning holes 22 on the cleaning plate 21 slide against the surface of the heat exchange tube 13 to scrape the surface of the heat exchange tube 13 until all the cleaning plates 21 move synchronously to a position close to the water outlet 18. At the same time, during the movement of the cleaning plate 21, the cleaning plate 21 presses against the synchronization block 25 to drive the scraper 24 to move. The cleaning plate 21 and the scraper 24 clean the outer peripheral wall of the entire heat exchange tube 13 until the cleaning plate 21 moves close to one of the baffles 31. At this time, the adjustment block 26 first sticks to the baffle 31. At this time, the adjusting block 26 slides under the pressure of the baffle plate 31, so that the adjusting hole 27 is opposite to the positioning block 351. At this time, the cleaning plate 21 continues to move and presses against the synchronization block 25, and the synchronization block 25 slides toward the scraper 24. At this time, the cleaning plate 21 can pass through the scraper 24 smoothly; at the same time, when the scraper 24 is close to the baffle plate 31, the pressing block 391 on the scraper 24 presses against the lap plate 39 and rotates, so that the first connecting hole 37 and the second connecting hole 38 are opened, so that the impurities scraped from the inner wall of the shell 1 and the surface of the heat exchange tube 13 can pass through the first connecting hole 37 and the second connecting hole 38, and are scraped to the water outlet 18 under the action of the scraper 24 and the cleaning plate 21 to complete the cleaning. There is no need to remove the heat exchange tube 13 and the tube sheet 12 from the shell 1, and the required space is small.
[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell (1), a header (11) provided at both ends of the shell (1), a tube sheet (12) and a heat exchange tube (13) provided in the shell (1), a tube side inlet (14) provided on one of the headers (11), a tube side outlet (17) provided on the other of the headers (11), a shell side inlet (16) and a shell side outlet (17) provided on the shell (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with a water outlet (18), and the shell (1) is provided with a cleaning component (2), a power component (23) for driving the cleaning component (2), and a baffle component (3); The cleaning assembly (2) comprises a plurality of cleaning plates (21) slidably arranged in the shell (1), the plurality of cleaning plates (21) being coaxially arranged, the sliding direction of the cleaning plates (21) being consistent with the length direction of the heat exchange tube (13), the cleaning plates (21) being provided with cleaning holes (22) for the heat exchange tube (13) to movably pass through, the outer peripheral wall of the heat exchange tube (13) being movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the cleaning hole (22), the plurality of cleaning plates (21) being arranged in a ring shape, the sliding speeds of the plurality of cleaning plates (21) being inconsistent, and when the plurality of cleaning plates (21) slide to the water outlet (18) position at the same time, the plurality of cleaning plates (21) are combined into a shape consistent with the cross-sectional area of the shell (1); The baffle assembly (3) comprises a baffle plate (31) arranged in the shell (1), wherein a plurality of groups of the baffle plates (31) are provided, and the plurality of groups of the baffle plates (31) correspond one to one with the plurality of groups of the cleaning plates (21), and the baffle plates (31) and the corresponding cleaning plates (21) are movably pressed against each other, and when the baffle plates (31) and the corresponding cleaning plates (21) are pressed against each other, the baffle plates (31) and the cleaning plates (21) are spliced into a whole to disperse the heat medium in the shell side, and the baffle plates (31) and the cleaning plates (21) are both provided with baffle holes (32), and a positioning member (35) for maintaining a constant relative position between the baffle plates (31) and the cleaning plates (21) is also provided in the shell (1).
2. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power member (23) comprises a rotating rod (231) rotatably arranged in the head (11) and penetrating the tube sheet (12); the rotating rod (231) is provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of the rotating rod (231) corresponding one to one with the plurality of groups of the cleaning plates (21); the plurality of groups of the rotating rod (231) are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the shell (1); the portion of the rotating rod (231) located in the shell (1) is threadably adapted to the corresponding cleaning plate (21); a driving gear (232) is coaxially fixed to the rotating rod (231); adjacent driving gears (232) mesh with each other; the rotation speed of the driving gear (232) corresponding to the rotating rod (231) corresponds to the sliding speed of the corresponding cleaning plate (21).
3. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle plate (31) is provided with a spoiler hole (33) near the overlap with the cleaning plate (21); the baffle plate (31) comprises a baffle portion (311) and a spoiler portion (312); the baffle portion (311) is inclined toward the shell-side inlet (16); the spoiler portion (312) is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange tube (13); the baffle hole (32) is provided in the baffle portion (311); the spoiler hole (33) is provided in the spoiler portion (312); the opening direction of the spoiler hole (33) is arranged at an angle to the opening direction of the baffle hole (32); and a spoiler blade (34) is rotatably provided in the spoiler hole (33).
4. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: A lap groove (353) is provided on the side of the spoiler (312), the cleaning plate (21) overlaps and fits with the lap groove (353), the positioning member (35) comprises a positioning block (351) slidably arranged on the spoiler (312), a positioning groove (352) is provided on the side of the cleaning plate (21) that fits with the lap groove (353), the positioning block (351) is movably inserted into the positioning groove (352), and a fixing member (36) is further provided on the baffle plate (31), and when the spoiler blade (34) rotates, the fixing member (36) drives the positioning block (351) to slide to a position where it is inserted into the positioning groove (352).
5. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: A scraper (24) corresponding to the cleaning plate (21) is also provided in the shell (1), and a cleaning hole is provided on the scraper (24) for the heat exchange tube (13) to pass through. The scraper (24) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell (1), and the scraper (24) slides between two adjacent baffles (31). The inner peripheral wall of the scraper (24) is movably in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cleaning plate (21), and the scraper (24) is also provided with a synchronizing member for maintaining synchronous movement of the cleaning plate (21) and the scraper (24).
6. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The synchronous component comprises a synchronous block (25) slidably arranged on the scraper (24); the synchronous block (25) movably protrudes from the inner peripheral wall of the scraper (24); one end of the synchronous block (25) movably protrudes is movably fitted and pressed against the outer peripheral wall of the scraper (24); an adjusting block (26) is slidably arranged in the scraper (24); two ends of the adjusting block (26) protrude from two opposite outer side walls of the scraper (24); one end of the adjusting block (26) protruding from the scraper (24) is movably fitted and pressed against the side wall of the baffle (31); an adjusting hole (27) is opened in the adjusting block (26); one end of the synchronous block (25) located in the scraper (24) is slidably fitted with the adjusting hole (27); and when the adjusting hole (27) corresponds to the synchronous block (25), the synchronous block (25) can be immersed in the scraper (24) and arranged.
7. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first connecting hole (37) is provided on the side wall of the baffle plate (31) close to the inner peripheral wall of the shell (1); a lap plate (39) is rotatably provided in the first connecting hole (37); the lap plate (39) movably blocks the first connecting hole (37); a second connecting hole (38) is provided on the scraper (24); a clamping block (391) is provided on the side of the scraper (24) close to the shell side liquid inlet; the clamping block (391) movably clamps against the lap plate (39); and the first connecting hole (37) and the second connecting hole (38) are movably connected.
8. The porous medium two-phase flow shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing member (36) comprises a movable block (361) provided at the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade (34); the movable block (361) movably protrudes from the rotating shaft of the spoiler blade (34); and the movable block (361) movably fits with the end side of the positioning block (351) away from the positioning groove (352).