A geodetic data surveying and mapping device based on unmanned aerial vehicle and a surveying and mapping method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping, and discloses a geodetic data surveying and mapping device based on unmanned aerial vehicle and a surveying and mapping method thereof, comprising a shell mechanism, wherein the shell mechanism also comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the side walls of the unmanned aerial vehicle body. The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the entire body will tilt when the body is subjected to crosswind, and a shell mechanism and a balancing mechanism are arranged inside the device. When the unmanned aerial vehicle is lifted off and subjected to crosswind, the unmanned aerial vehicle body tilts, and the liquid holding box body rotates, but the liquid level inside remains unchanged, and a floating frame and a sensor 1 on the water surface come into contact with a top sensor 2, and the signal is transmitted to a numerical control motor through an information processor, and the numerical control motor controls the position of a gear rod and a counterweight block through gears, so that the device presents a state as shown in FIG10, thereby ensuring that the unmanned aerial vehicle quickly completes the self-adjustment of the fuselage when facing strong wind flow, and avoiding the phenomenon of violent lateral movement of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveying and mapping equipment, and in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based earth data surveying and mapping device and a surveying and mapping method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Surveying and mapping literally means measuring and drawing. It is based on computer technology, optoelectronic technology, network communication technology, space science, and information science, with the Global Navigation Satellite Positioning System (GNSS), remote sensing (RS), and geographic information system (GIS) as the technical core. It selects existing feature points and boundaries on the ground and obtains graphics and location information reflecting the current status of the ground through measurement methods for use in engineering construction, planning and design, and administrative management.

[0003] Among them, after the UAV is equipped with surveying and mapping instruments at the bottom, its own burden increases and the area exposed to wind at high altitude also increases simultaneously, making the UAV prone to imbalance when facing high altitude crosswinds, causing the UAV to lose balance and eventually cause damage to the instrument. In response to the above problems, the following solutions are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a land data surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a shell mechanism, the shell mechanism also comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the side wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, an inclined panel is connected through the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a surveying and mapping instrument is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined panel;

[0005] The balancing mechanism includes a gear rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the drone body, counterweights are fixedly connected to both ends of the gear rod, the outer wall of the counterweight is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support rod, a CNC motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body, a gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the CNC motor, and the outer wall of the gear is meshed with the outer wall of the gear rod;

[0006] The contraction mechanism comprises a rotating frame fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined panel, a rotating rod 1 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame, and a hydraulic groove is opened on the inner wall of the rotating rod 1.

[0007] Preferably, the shell mechanism also includes a liquid holding box fixedly connected to the top of the drone body, a universal rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid holding box, and a floating frame is rotatably connected to the top of the universal rod.

[0008] Preferably, the shell mechanism also includes a sensor 1 fixedly connected to the top of the floating frame, a sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the liquid holding box, an information processor is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid holding box, a fan blade is rotatably connected to the end of the support rod away from the drone body, a pressure groove is opened on the outer wall of the surveying instrument, and a shell mechanism and a balancing mechanism are arranged inside the device by utilizing the characteristic that the whole body will tilt when the body is subjected to crosswind. When the drone is launched and subjected to crosswind, the drone body tilts, and the liquid holding box body rotates, but the internal liquid level remains unchanged, and the floating frame and sensor 1 on the water surface come into contact with the top sensor 2, and the signal is transmitted to the CNC motor through the information processor, and the CNC motor controls the position of the gear rod and the counterweight block through gears, so that the device appears as follows. Figure 10 In the state shown, through the application of the above components, when the device is subjected to crosswind, the device can adjust the center of gravity of the device by changing the position of the counterweight block, so as to ensure that the UAV can quickly complete the self-adjustment of the fuselage when facing strong wind flow, and avoid the phenomenon of violent lateral movement of the UAV.

[0009] Preferably, the balancing mechanism also includes a hydraulic box fixedly connected to the side wall of the drone body, a partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic box, a delivery port is opened on the side wall of the partition, a hydraulic contraction tube is connected through the side wall of the hydraulic box, a return spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic contraction tube, and a piston plate is slidably connected to the side wall of the partition. Utilizing the characteristic that the counterweight block moves laterally inside the support rod, a hydraulic contraction tube and a push plate are arranged inside the equipment. When one end of the drone is tilted, the counterweight block at the other end will approach the center of the drone. The counterweight block contacts the side wall of the hydraulic contraction tube, so that the liquid inside the hydraulic contraction tube enters the other side of the partition through the delivery port. Figure 5 As shown, as the liquid inside the partition increases, the piston plate moves down along the side wall of the partition, and the piston plate drives the push plate to move synchronously. When the rotating rod moves to the bottom, the vortex spring releases the accumulated mechanical power, forcing the rotating rod to rotate and open the windshield folding fan contained therein outward, thereby increasing the wind-receiving area of ​​the sinking surface. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the weight of the lifting end of the equipment is increased while the wind-receiving surface of the sinking end is increased. The force of the crosswind is used to provide an upward push force for the sinking end, thereby achieving balanced adjustment of the equipment.

[0010] Preferably, the balancing mechanism also includes a pushing plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the pushing plate, the vortex spring is fixedly connected at the connection between the rotating rod and the vortex spring, and a windshield folding fan is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod.

[0011] Preferably, the retraction mechanism also includes a rotating rod 2 rotatably connected to the side wall of the hydraulic groove, and one end of the rotating rod 2 away from the rotating rod 1 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the pushing plate, and one end of the hydraulic groove away from the rotating rod 2 is connected with a hydraulic push rod. A retraction mechanism is arranged inside the equipment by utilizing the force of the above-mentioned pushing plate to move downward. When the pushing plate moves downward, the rotating rod 2 is driven to move downward synchronously. As the rotating rod 2 moves downward, the gap between the rotating rod 2 and the rotating rod 1 is reduced. The downward force of the rotating rod 2 will force the piston rod to slide along the inner wall of the hydraulic groove, so that the liquid accumulated in the hydraulic groove enters the hydraulic push rod, causing the hydraulic push rod to expand and contact with the inside of the pressure groove. As the rotating rod 2 continues to move downward, the rotating rod 2 and the rotating rod 1 use the rotating frame as a fulcrum to force the surveying instrument to move up along the inner wall of the inclined panel. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, when the UAV is subjected to crosswind, the surveying instrument is recovered to avoid contact between the surveying instrument and sand and gravel inside the crosswind, which causes scratches on the outer wall of the surveying instrument and affects the measurement accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, the retraction mechanism also includes a piston rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic groove, a push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston rod, the outer wall of the push rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the rotating rod one, and a compression spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the push rod. In order to avoid the problem of the other multiple push plates moving downward synchronously when the surveying instrument is recovered, a rotating rod one and a rotating rod two are arranged inside the equipment. When the surveying instrument shrinks due to the inclination of one end, the rotating rods one in other directions rotate upward synchronously due to the restriction of the pressure groove. In this process, due to the increase in the connection position of the rotating rod one and the rotating rod two, the positions of the push rod and the piston rod remain unchanged, resulting in no contact between the hydraulic push rod and the pressure groove. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the equipment can protect the surveying instrument while not causing deformation of the retraction mechanism in other directions due to the shrinkage of the surveying instrument, causing the push plates to move downward and affecting the adjustment balance of the equipment.

[0013] A land data surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle and a surveying and mapping method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: When the drone is launched into the air and encounters a crosswind, the drone body tilts and the liquid container body rotates, but the liquid level inside remains unchanged, and the floating frame and sensor 1 on the water surface come into contact with the top sensor 2;

[0015] S2: The signal is transmitted to the CNC motor through the information processor, and the CNC motor controls the position of the gear rod and the counterweight through the gear;

[0016] S3: When one end of the drone is lifted up, the counterweight at the other end will move closer to the center of the drone, and the counterweight will contact the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube, so that the liquid inside the hydraulic shrink tube enters the other side of the partition through the delivery port.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the entire body of the drone will tilt when it encounters a crosswind. A shell mechanism and a balance mechanism are arranged inside the device. When the drone is launched and encounters a crosswind, the drone body tilts, and the liquid container body rotates, but the liquid level inside remains unchanged. The floating frame and sensor 1 on the water surface come into contact with the top sensor 2. The signal is transmitted to the CNC motor through the information processor. The CNC motor controls the position of the gear rod and the counterweight block through the gear, so that the device presents the following Figure 10 In the state shown, through the application of the above components, when the device is subjected to crosswind, the device can adjust the center of gravity of the device by changing the position of the counterweight block, so as to ensure that the UAV can quickly complete the self-adjustment of the fuselage when facing strong wind flow, and avoid the phenomenon of violent lateral movement of the UAV.

[0019] (2) The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the counterweight block moves laterally inside the support rod. A hydraulic shrink tube and a push plate are arranged inside the device. When one end of the UAV is lifted, the counterweight block at the other end will move closer to the center of the UAV. The counterweight block contacts the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube, allowing the liquid inside the hydraulic shrink tube to enter the other side of the partition through the delivery port. Figure 5 As shown, as the liquid inside the partition increases, the piston plate moves down along the side wall of the partition, and the piston plate drives the push plate to move synchronously. When the rotating rod moves to the bottom, the vortex spring releases the accumulated mechanical power, forcing the rotating rod to rotate and open the windshield folding fan contained therein outward, thereby increasing the wind-receiving area of ​​the sinking surface. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the weight of the lifting end of the equipment is increased while the wind-receiving surface of the sinking end is increased. The force of the crosswind is used to provide an upward push force for the sinking end, thereby achieving balanced adjustment of the equipment.

[0020] (3) The force for pushing the plate downward of the present invention is provided with a retracting mechanism inside the device. When the pushing plate moves downward, it drives the rotating rod 2 to move downward synchronously. As the rotating rod 2 moves downward, the gap between the rotating rod 2 and the rotating rod 1 decreases. The force for the rotating rod 2 to move downward will force the piston rod to slide along the inner wall of the hydraulic groove, causing the liquid accumulated in the hydraulic groove to enter the hydraulic push rod, causing the hydraulic push rod to expand and contact the inside of the pressure groove. As the rotating rod 2 continues to move downward, the rotating rod 2 and the rotating rod 1 use the rotating frame as a fulcrum to force the surveying instrument to move upward along the inner wall of the inclined panel. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, when the UAV is subjected to crosswind, the surveying instrument can be recovered to prevent the surveying instrument from contacting the sand and gravel inside the crosswind, causing scratches on the outer wall of the surveying instrument and affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0021] (4) In order to avoid the problem that the other multiple push plates move downward synchronously when the surveying instrument is recovered, the present invention provides a rotating rod 1 and a rotating rod 2 inside the device. When the surveying instrument shrinks due to the inclination of one end, the rotating rods 1 in other directions rotate upward synchronously due to the restriction of the pressure groove. In this process, since the connection position of the rotating rod 1 and the rotating rod 2 becomes larger, the position of the push rod and the piston rod remains unchanged, resulting in no contact between the hydraulic push rod and the pressure groove. Through the application of the above components, the equipment can protect the surveying instrument while the shrinkage of the surveying instrument will not cause the deformation of the shrinking mechanism in other directions, causing the push plates to move downward and affecting the adjustment balance of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the overall structural assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the housing mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the contraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of B;

[0031] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of middle C;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention working under cross wind;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0035] In the figure: 1. shell mechanism; 101. drone body; 102. support rod; 103. inclined plate; 104. surveying instrument; 105. liquid container; 106. universal rod; 107. floating frame; 108. sensor 1; 109. sensor 2; 110. information processor; 111. fan blade; 112. pressure tank; 2. balance mechanism; 201. gear rod; 202. counterweight; 203. CNC motor; 204. gear; 205. liquid Pressure box; 206, partition; 207, delivery port; 208, hydraulic contraction tube; 209, return spring; 210, piston plate; 211, push plate; 212, rotating rod; 213, vortex spring; 214, windshield folding fan; 3, contraction mechanism; 301, rotating frame; 302, rotating rod one; 303, hydraulic groove; 304, rotating rod two; 305, hydraulic push rod; 306, piston rod; 307, push rod; 308, compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] For example, see Figure 1 - Figure 3 The present invention is a land data surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a shell mechanism 1, the shell mechanism 1 also comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body 101, a plurality of support rods 102 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 101, an inclined panel 103 is connected through the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 101, and a surveying and mapping instrument 104 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined panel 103;

[0038] The balancing mechanism 2 includes a gear rod 201 slidably connected to the inner wall of the drone body 101, counterweights 202 are fixedly connected to both ends of the gear rod 201, the outer wall of the counterweight 202 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support rod 102, a CNC motor 203 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drone body 101, a gear 204 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the CNC motor 203, and the outer wall of the gear 204 is meshedly connected to the outer wall of the gear rod 201;

[0039] The contraction mechanism 3 comprises a rotating frame 301 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate 103, a rotating rod 302 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame 301, and a hydraulic groove 303 is opened on the inner wall of the rotating rod 302.

[0040] The shell mechanism 1 further comprises a liquid containing box 105 fixedly connected to the top of the drone body 101 , a universal rod 106 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid containing box 105 , and a floating frame 107 is rotatably connected to the top of the universal rod 106 .

[0041] The shell mechanism 1 also includes a sensor 108 fixedly connected to the top of the floating frame 107, a sensor 2 109 fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the liquid holding box 105, an information processor 110 fixedly connected to the top of the liquid holding box 105, a fan blade 111 is rotatably connected to the end of the support rod 102 away from the drone body 101, and a pressure groove 112 is opened on the outer wall of the surveying instrument 104. Taking advantage of the fact that the entire body will tilt when the body is subjected to crosswind, a shell mechanism 1 and a balancing mechanism 2 are arranged inside the device. When the drone is launched and subjected to crosswind, the drone body 101 tilts, and the liquid holding box 105 body rotates, but the internal liquid level remains unchanged. The floating frame 107 and the sensor 108 on the water surface come into contact with the top sensor 2 109, and the signal is transmitted to the CNC motor 203 through the information processor 110. The CNC motor 203 controls the positions of the gear rod 201 and the counterweight block 202 through the gear 204, so that the device appears as follows. Figure 10 In the state shown, through the application of the above-mentioned components, when the device is subjected to crosswind, the device can adjust the center of gravity of the device by changing the position of the counterweight block 202, thereby ensuring that the UAV can quickly complete the self-adjustment of the fuselage when facing strong wind flow, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of violent lateral movement of the UAV.

[0042] For example 2, please refer to Figure 4 - Figure 8 The present invention is a geodetic data surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. On the basis of the first embodiment, the balancing mechanism 2 also includes a hydraulic box 205 fixedly connected to the side wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body 101, a partition 206 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic box 205, a delivery port 207 is opened on the side wall of the partition 206, a hydraulic contraction tube 208 is connected through the side wall of the hydraulic box 205, a return spring 209 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic contraction tube 208, and a piston plate 210 is slidably connected to the side wall of the partition 206. By utilizing the characteristic that the counterweight block 202 moves laterally inside the support rod 102, a hydraulic contraction tube 208 and a push plate 211 are arranged inside the device. When one end of the unmanned aerial vehicle is tilted, the counterweight block 202 at the other end will approach the center of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the counterweight block 202 contacts the side wall of the hydraulic contraction tube 208, so that the liquid inside the hydraulic contraction tube 208 enters the other side of the partition 206 through the delivery port 207. Figure 5 As shown, as the liquid inside the partition 206 increases, the piston plate 210 moves downward along the side wall of the partition 206, and the piston plate 210 drives the push plate 211 to move synchronously. When the rotating rod 212 moves to the bottom, the spiral spring 213 releases the accumulated mechanical power, forcing the rotating rod 212 to rotate and open the windshield folding fan 214 contained therein outward, thereby increasing the wind-receiving area of ​​the sinking surface. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the weight of the lifting end of the equipment is increased while the wind-receiving surface of the sinking end is increased. The force of the crosswind is used to provide an upward push force for the sinking end, thereby achieving balanced adjustment of the equipment.

[0043] The balancing mechanism 2 also includes a push plate 211 fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate 210, a rotating rod 212 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the push plate 211, a vortex spring 213 is fixedly connected to the connection between the rotating rod 212 and the vortex spring 213, and a windshield folding fan 214 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod 212.

[0044] The contraction mechanism 3 also includes a second rotating rod 304 rotatably connected to the side wall of the hydraulic groove 303. The end of the second rotating rod 304 away from the first rotating rod 302 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the push plate 211. The end of the hydraulic groove 303 away from the second rotating rod 304 is connected with a hydraulic push rod 305. The contraction mechanism 3 is arranged inside the device by utilizing the force of the push plate 211 moving downward. When the push plate 211 moves downward, the second rotating rod 304 is driven to move downward synchronously. As the second rotating rod 304 moves downward, the gap between the second rotating rod 304 and the first rotating rod 302 is reduced. The downward force of the second rotating rod 304 will force the piston rod 30 6 slides along the inner wall of the hydraulic groove 303, so that the liquid accumulated in the hydraulic groove 303 enters the hydraulic push rod 305, so that the hydraulic push rod 305 expands and contacts the inside of the pressure groove 112. As the rotating rod 2 304 continues to move downward, the rotating rod 2 304 and the rotating rod 1 302 use the rotating frame 301 as a fulcrum to force the surveying instrument 104 to move up along the inner wall of the inclined panel 103. Through the application of the above components, when the UAV is subjected to crosswind, the surveying instrument 104 is recovered to prevent the surveying instrument 104 from contacting with the sand and gravel inside the crosswind, causing scratches on the outer wall of the surveying instrument 104 and affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0045] The retracting mechanism 3 also includes a piston rod 306 slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic groove 303, a push rod 307 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston rod 306, the outer wall of the push rod 307 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the rotating rod 1 302, and a compression spring 308 is sleeved on the outer wall of the push rod 307. In order to avoid the problem that the other multiple push plates 211 move downward synchronously when the surveying instrument 104 is recovered, a rotating rod 1 302 and a rotating rod 2 304 are arranged inside the device. When the surveying instrument 104 is retracted due to the inclination of one end, the other The rotating rod 1 302 in the azimuth rotates upward synchronously due to the restriction of the pressure groove 112. In this process, due to the increase in the connection position between the rotating rod 1 302 and the rotating rod 2 304, the positions of the push rod 307 and the piston rod 306 remain unchanged, resulting in no contact between the hydraulic push rod 305 and the pressure groove 112. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the equipment can protect the surveying instrument 104 while the contraction of the surveying instrument 104 will not cause deformation of the contraction mechanism 3 in other azimuths, causing the push plate 211 to move downward, affecting the adjustment balance of the equipment.

[0046] The method for using the surveying and mapping device includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: When the drone is launched into the air and encounters a crosswind, the drone body 101 tilts, and the liquid container 105 rotates, but the liquid level inside remains unchanged, and the floating frame 107, sensor 1 108 and top sensor 2 109 on the water surface come into contact;

[0048] S2: The signal is transmitted to the CNC motor 203 through the information processor 110, and the CNC motor 203 controls the positions of the gear rod 201 and the counterweight 202 through the gear 204;

[0049] S3: When one end of the drone is lifted up, the counterweight block 202 at the other end will move closer to the center of the drone, and the counterweight block 202 will contact the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube 208, so that the liquid inside the hydraulic shrink tube 208 enters the other side of the partition 206 through the delivery port 207.

[0050] A specific application of this embodiment is: when the drone is launched into the air and encounters a crosswind, the drone body 101 tilts, and the liquid container 105 rotates, but the internal liquid level remains unchanged, and the floating frame 107, the sensor 1 108 and the top sensor 2 109 on the water surface come into contact, and the signal is transmitted to the CNC motor 203 through the information processor 110, and the CNC motor 203 controls the position of the gear rod 201 and the counterweight block 202 through the gear 204, so that the device presents as shown in the following figure. Figure 10In the state shown, through the application of the above-mentioned components, when the device is subjected to crosswind, the device can adjust the center of gravity of the device by changing the position of the counterweight block 202, thereby ensuring that the UAV can quickly complete the self-adjustment of the fuselage when facing strong wind flow, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of violent lateral movement of the UAV.

[0051] Taking advantage of the fact that the counterweight 202 moves laterally inside the support rod 102, a hydraulic shrink tube 208 and a push plate 211 are provided inside the device. When one end of the drone tilts up, the counterweight 202 at the other end will move closer to the center of the drone. The counterweight 202 contacts the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube 208, allowing the liquid inside the hydraulic shrink tube 208 to enter the other side of the partition 206 through the delivery port 207. Figure 5 As shown, as the liquid inside the partition 206 increases, the piston plate 210 moves downward along the side wall of the partition 206, and the piston plate 210 drives the push plate 211 to move synchronously. When the rotating rod 212 moves to the bottom, the spiral spring 213 releases the accumulated mechanical power, forcing the rotating rod 212 to rotate and open the windshield folding fan 214 contained therein to increase the wind-receiving area of ​​the sinking surface. Through the application of the above-mentioned components, the weight of the tilting end of the device is increased while the wind-receiving surface of the sinking end is increased. The force of the crosswind is used to provide an upward push force for the sinking end to achieve the balance adjustment of the device. A contraction mechanism 3 is provided inside the device using the downward force of the push plate 211. When the push plate 211 moves downward, it drives the rotating rod 204 to move downward synchronously. With the rotation of the rotating rod 204, the contraction mechanism 3 is adjusted. 04 moves downward, the gap between the rotating rod 2 304 and the rotating rod 1 302 is reduced, and the force of the rotating rod 2 304 moving downward will force the piston rod 306 to slide along the inner wall of the hydraulic groove 303, so that the liquid accumulated in the hydraulic groove 303 enters the hydraulic push rod 305, causing the hydraulic push rod 305 to expand and contact with the inside of the pressure groove 112. As the rotating rod 2 304 continues to move downward, the rotating rod 2 304 and the rotating rod 1 302 use the rotating frame 301 as a fulcrum to force the surveying instrument 104 to move upward along the inner wall of the inclined panel 103. Through the application of the above components, when the UAV is subjected to crosswind, the surveying instrument 104 is recovered to prevent the surveying instrument 104 from contacting with sand and gravel inside the crosswind, causing scratches on the outer wall of the surveying instrument 104, affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0052] In order to avoid the problem that the other multiple push plates 211 move downward synchronously when the surveying instrument 104 is recovered, a rotating rod 1 302 and a rotating rod 2 304 are arranged inside the equipment. When the surveying instrument 104 shrinks due to the inclination of one end, the rotating rods 1 302 in other positions rotate upward synchronously due to the restriction of the pressure groove 112. In this process, due to the increase in the connection position of the rotating rod 1 302 and the rotating rod 2 304, the positions of the push rod 307 and the piston rod 306 remain unchanged, resulting in no contact between the hydraulic push rod 305 and the pressure groove 112. Through the application of the above components, the equipment can protect the surveying instrument 104 while the shrinkage of the surveying instrument 104 will not cause deformation of the shrinking mechanism 3 in other positions, causing the push plate 211 to move downward and affecting the adjustment balance of the equipment.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A geodetic data surveying and mapping device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a shell mechanism (1), the shell mechanism (1) also comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body (101), a plurality of support rods (102) being fixedly connected to the side wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (101), an inclined panel (103) being connected through the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (101), and a surveying and mapping instrument (104) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the inclined panel (103), characterized in that: Also includes: A balancing mechanism (2), the balancing mechanism (2) comprising a gear rod (201) slidably connected to the inner wall of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (101), counterweight blocks (202) being fixedly connected to both ends of the gear rod (201), the outer wall of the counterweight block (202) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the support rod (102), a numerical control motor (203) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body (101), a gear (204) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the numerical control motor (203), and the outer wall of the gear (204) being meshingly connected to the outer wall of the gear rod (201); A contraction mechanism (3), the contraction mechanism (3) comprising a rotating frame (301) fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined plate (103), a rotating rod (302) being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating frame (301), and a hydraulic groove (303) being provided on the inner wall of the rotating rod (302); The shell mechanism (1) further comprises a liquid containing box (105) fixedly connected to the top of the drone body (101), a universal rod (106) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid containing box (105), and a floating frame (107) rotatably connected to the top of the universal rod (106); The shell mechanism (1) further comprises a sensor 1 (108) fixedly connected to the top of the floating frame (107); a sensor 2 (109) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the liquid holding box (105); an information processor (110) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid holding box (105); a fan blade (111) is rotatably connected to one end of the support rod (102) away from the drone body (101); and a pressure groove (112) is provided on the outer wall of the surveying instrument (104); The balancing mechanism (2) further comprises a hydraulic box (205) fixedly connected to the side wall of the drone body (101); a partition (206) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic box (205); a delivery port (207) is provided on the side wall of the partition (206); a hydraulic shrink tube (208) is connected through the side wall of the hydraulic box (205); a return spring (209) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube (208); and a piston plate (210) is slidably connected to the side wall of the partition (206); The balancing mechanism (2) further comprises a push plate (211) fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston plate (210); a rotating rod (212) is rotatably connected to a side wall of the push plate (211); a vortex spring (213) is fixedly connected to a connection between the rotating rod (212) and the vortex spring (213); and a windshield folding fan (214) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating rod (212).

2. The device for surveying and mapping land data based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retracting mechanism (3) further comprises a second rotating rod (304) rotatably connected to the side wall of the hydraulic groove (303); one end of the second rotating rod (304) away from the first rotating rod (302) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the push plate (211); and one end of the hydraulic groove (303) away from the second rotating rod (304) is through-connected with a hydraulic push rod (305).

3. The device for surveying and mapping land data based on an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retracting mechanism (3) further comprises a piston rod (306) slidably connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic groove (303); a push rod (307) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston rod (306); an outer wall of the push rod (307) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole of the rotating rod (302); and a compression spring (308) is sleeved on the outer wall of the push rod (307).

4. A surveying method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle geodetic data surveying device, using the unmanned aerial vehicle surveying device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: When the drone is launched into the air and encounters a crosswind, the drone body (101) tilts, and the liquid container (105) rotates, but the liquid level inside remains unchanged, and the floating frame (107) and the sensor 1 (108) on the water surface come into contact with the top sensor 2 (109); S2: The signal is transmitted to the digital control motor (203) through the information processor (110), and the digital control motor (203) controls the positions of the gear rod (201) and the counterweight (202) through the gear (204); S3: When one end of the drone tilts up, the counterweight (202) at the other end moves closer to the center of the drone, and the counterweight (202) contacts the side wall of the hydraulic shrink tube (208), so that the liquid inside the hydraulic shrink tube (208) enters the other side of the partition (206) through the delivery port (207).

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