Multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and assembling method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and an assembling method, and the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun comprises a first housing assembly which is of a cylindrical structure, and the upper end of the first housing assembly is provided with a first welding edge used for connecting an anode; the cathode heat shield assembly comprises a plurality of cathode cylinders, and cathode cakes are arranged on the cathode cylinders; the focusing electrode assembly comprises a focusing electrode supporting piece which is arranged in the first shell assembly; the focusing electrode body is arranged on the focusing electrode supporting piece, a plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged on the focusing electrode body, and the plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged corresponding to the plurality of cathode cakes; the anode assembly comprises an anode body provided with a plurality of anodes corresponding to the focusing electrodes; the second welding edge is arranged on the anode body; the L-shaped connecting piece comprises a first side face and a second side face, the second side face is annular and extends outwards in the radial direction from the top of the first side face; the first side face is used for being connected with the first welding edge, and the second welding edge is used for being connected with the second side face and used for compensating assembly errors when the focusing electrode and the anode are assembled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave electric vacuum devices, and in particular to a multi-injection traveling wave tube electron gun and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The multi-beam traveling wave tube is a device widely used in microwave electronic systems. Its most notable feature is that there are multiple electron beams in a traveling wave tube at the same time, and each electron beam has an independent transmission channel, such as equidistant arrangement in the plane or uniform arrangement in the annular direction. This design enables the multi-beam traveling wave tube to have the advantages of increased efficiency-bandwidth product, low operating voltage, high beam-wave interaction efficiency, and small conductance coefficient of each electron beam. The multi-beam traveling wave tube has excellent power output capability and is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require high power. It can achieve high power output through the parallel operation of multiple electron beams, thereby meeting the power requirements of some special systems. Compared with other microwave devices, multi-beam traveling wave tubes usually have smaller size and lighter weight. This makes it more convenient to integrate into various systems, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweighting of the system.

[0003] The electron gun of a traveling wave tube is a key component in a traveling wave tube, and its design is crucial to the performance of the traveling wave tube. The main function of the electron gun is to emit electron beams, which are focused into a small, high-speed electron stream by a bunching system. The electron gun of a traveling wave tube is mainly composed of three functional parts: focusing electrode, cathode and anode. The anode mainly attracts the cathode electrons, while the focusing electrode is responsible for compressing the electrons into a certain shape, so that the electrons can enter the slow wave system in a suitable form and interact with the electromagnetic waves therein. The design and manufacture of the electron gun have an important influence on the performance of the traveling wave tube. Its parameters such as operating current, operating voltage, injection waist radius, cathode current density and range need to be precisely controlled to ensure the quality and stability of the electron beam. In addition, the design of the electron gun also needs to consider its coordination and assembly with other components, such as the interface with the slow wave structure, heat dissipation design, etc., which requires a deep understanding of the overall structure and working principle of the traveling wave tube.

[0004] However, there are multiple electron beams in a multi-beam traveling wave tube, and the structure is relatively complex, and each electron beam needs to be precisely positioned and laid out. This requires extremely high precision and stability during the assembly of the electron gun to ensure that each electron beam can work properly and achieve the expected power and efficiency.

[0005] In terms of structural design, the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun is extremely challenging. Since it needs to process multiple electron beams at the same time, the cathode, focusing electrode and anode parts associated with each electron beam need to be precisely positioned to achieve the focusing and guiding of the electron beam. There are too many structures with tolerance matching, which increases the complexity of structural design.

[0006] In terms of assembly, the precision requirements of multi-beam traveling wave tube electron guns are extremely high, and it is necessary to take into account the assembly errors and welding deformations of multiple processes, because even a small assembly error may lead to instability or performance degradation of electron beam transmission. Traditional assembly methods generally design relatively strict tolerances and use manual adjustment to ensure the relative position of parts. This method of assembly has low efficiency and is difficult to fully guarantee accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and an assembly method, which can achieve extremely demanding multi-target centering accuracy requirements by adopting an extremely simple product structure.

[0008] According to the inventive concept of one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a multi-injection traveling wave tube electron gun, comprising:

[0009] The first shell assembly is a cylindrical structure, and the upper end is provided with a first welding edge for connecting the anode; the cathode heat shield assembly includes:

[0010] A plurality of cathode cylinders, each of which is provided with a cathode cake;

[0011] Focusing pole assembly, including:

[0012] A focusing pole support member, disposed in the first housing assembly;

[0013] A focusing electrode body is arranged on the focusing electrode support, and a plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged on the focusing electrode body, and the plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cathode cakes;

[0014] Anode assembly, comprising:

[0015] An anode body, provided with a plurality of anodes corresponding one to one with the focusing electrodes;

[0016] A second welding edge is arranged on the anode body;

[0017] L-shaped connector, including:

[0018] The first side is cylindrical;

[0019] A second side surface is annular and extends radially outward from the top of the first side surface;

[0020] The first side surface is used to connect the first welding edge, and the second welding edge is used to connect the second side surface, so as to compensate for the assembly error when assembling the focusing electrode and the anode.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies are arranged in a plane with equal spacing within the first shell assembly.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies are arranged in the first shell assembly in a circumferentially uniformly distributed manner.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun further includes:

[0024] The second shell component is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the cathode cylinder. The top of the second shell component extends radially outward to form a third weld edge, and the bottom extends axially outward to form a fourth weld edge. The third weld edge is suitable for connecting to the focusing electrode body, and the fourth weld edge is suitable for connecting to the cathode heat shield assembly to compensate for the assembly error between the assembled cathode and the focusing electrode.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the focusing electrode body and the plurality of focusing electrodes are manufactured as one piece, and the anode body and the plurality of anodes are manufactured as one piece.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cathode heat shield assembly further includes:

[0027] A cathode support tube positioning member connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of the second shell assembly;

[0028] The cathode support tube has two ends connected to the top of the cathode support tube positioning piece and the bottom of the cathode tube respectively.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the welding position between the first shell assembly and the anode assembly is close to one end of the focusing pole body, and the welding position between the focusing pole body and the cathode heat shield assembly is close to one end of the focusing pole body.

[0030] According to another aspect of the invention disclosed herein, there is also provided a method for assembling the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun as described above, comprising:

[0031] Assembling and welding a plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies respectively, wherein the cathode heat shield assemblies include a cathode cylinder, and a cathode cake is arranged on the cathode cylinder;

[0032] Using a mold tool to position the cathode heat shield assembly and the second shell assembly, placing them together on a tool microscope, measuring the height difference and parallelism between the two, and welding them after adjusting them to be better than a preset value;

[0033] The assembled cathode heat shield assembly and the corresponding focusing electrode are placed together on an image measuring instrument, and the concentricity of the two is measured. After adjusting to a value better than a preset value, the cathode-focusing electrode assembly is obtained by welding, and multiple sets of cathode-focusing electrode assemblies are assembled and welded in sequence;

[0034] Assembling and welding the assembled multiple groups of cathode-focusing electrode assemblies with the first shell assembly;

[0035] Assembling the cathode-focusing electrode assembly and the anode assembly using a traveling wave tube centering welding platform, wherein the traveling wave tube centering welding platform includes a three-coordinate measuring machine and a six-axis parallel robot;

[0036] The anode assembly and the first shell assembly are placed on two sets of fixtures respectively, the angle, concentricity, height difference and parallelism of the anode assembly and the focusing electrode assembly are detected, the electronic control platform is adjusted, and the six-axis parallel robot is driven to compensate for multiple error data until the preset conditions are met, and the anode assembly and the shell assembly are welded respectively using the first side and the second side of the L-shaped connector.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the welding process, the welding stress change is obtained by the sensor on the six-axis parallel robot. When the pressure value monitored by the sensor is close to the initial free state, the mold is removed. If the pressure value monitored by the sensor deviates from the initial free state, the welding is repeated at the last welding position and corrected by additional heat input. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and assembly method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0038] (1) Simplified structure: most of the tolerance requirements are adjusted by the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, making the structure of the electron gun simpler;

[0039] (2) Through digital deployment and the setting of welding point positions, the assembly accuracy and efficiency are improved;

[0040] (3) The structure, assembly sequence, and assembly scheme of the electron gun have been improved, making the assembly of the sealing parts simpler and improving the convenience of assembly. It has a good foundation for automation transformation and improves the convenience of assembly.

[0041] (4) The parts processing cost of the electron gun itself is reduced.

[0042] (5) It has structural adaptability and change flexibility. The space of the electrical boundary area is open, and it has good adaptability to electrode parts of various shapes. It is a basic structure with flexible manufacturing characteristics. Whether the diameter is increased or decreased, some parts can be reused. For example, the gun shell and insulating components of the electron gun without electrode parts can be reused on the original basis as long as there is enough space and the insulation withstand voltage meets the design requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1Schematically showing a three-view diagram and an isometric diagram of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematically showing a three-view diagram and an isometric diagram of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 3 Schematically showing a perspective view of a first housing assembly and a second housing assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to two embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematically showing a multi-view structural diagram of a cathode-focusing electrode assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to two embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a half-section of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically;

[0049] Figure 6 A schematic diagram schematically shows the relative position relationship between the cathode and the focusing electrode of the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a multi-view structural schematic diagram of a cathode-focusing electrode assembly assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the cathode-focusing electrode assembly positioning and adjustment of the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun shown;

[0052] Fig. 9 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a tooling focusing electrode protective cap adapted to the assembly assembly shown;

[0053] Fig.10 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat adapted to the assembly assembly shown;

[0054] Fig.11 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling focusing electrode protective cap adapted to the assembly assembly shown;

[0055] Fig.12 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat adapted to the assembly assembly shown;

[0056] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube centering welding platform according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0057] Fig.14 The assembly flow chart of the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0058] In the above drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0059] 1-first housing assembly;

[0060] 101- first welding edge;

[0061] 2- cathode assembly;

[0062] 201- cathode cylinder;

[0063] 202- cathode;

[0064] 203- cathode support tube positioning piece;

[0065] 204-second housing assembly;

[0066] 205-heat shielding tube;

[0067] 3-focusing pole assembly;

[0068] 301-focusing pole support;

[0069] 3011-focusing pole support ring;

[0070] 3012-focusing pole support frame;

[0071] 302-focusing pole body;

[0072] 303-focusing pole;

[0073] 4- anode assembly;

[0074] 401- anode body;

[0075] 402- anode;

[0076] 403- second welding edge;

[0077] 5- L-shaped connector;

[0078] 501- first side;

[0079] 502- second side;

[0080] 6- cathode-focusing electrode assembly;

[0081] 7- Focusing pole protection cap;

[0082] 8- cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat;

[0083] 9- Three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine;

[0084] 901- cathode-focusing electrode fixture and electronic control platform;

[0085] 902-Anode fixture and electric control platform;

[0086] A and B indicate corresponding areas. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0088] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0089] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0090] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc. When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.

[0091] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only reference directions of the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or configurations will be omitted when they may cause confusion in the understanding of the present disclosure.

[0092] The present disclosure provides a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and an assembly method, which can adopt an extremely simple product structure to achieve extremely demanding multi-target centering accuracy requirements. This is a method based on digital deployment to achieve precision manufacturing of electronic optical systems, that is, ignoring the cumulative effect of errors, but developing digital devices (for example, three-coordinate measuring machines) in certain key processes, with the ability to detect and compensate for multiple errors, and solving multiple problems faced by precision assembly at one time, such as welding deformation, pressure deformation, vacuum airtightness, high-voltage insulation, low deployment efficiency, poor accuracy, and repair pollution. This solution is applicable to both multi-beam traveling wave tubes arranged at equal intervals in a plane and multi-beam traveling wave tubes arranged evenly in a circumferential direction.

[0093] Figure 1 Schematically showing a three-view diagram and an isometric diagram of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 Schematically showing a three-view diagram and an isometric diagram of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 Schematically showing a perspective view of a first housing assembly and a second housing assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to two embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 4 Schematically showing a multi-view structural diagram of a cathode-focusing electrode assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to two embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a half-section of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0094] According to the inventive concept of one aspect of the present disclosure, Figure 1-Figure 5, a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun is provided, comprising: a first shell assembly 1, a cathode heat shield assembly 2, a focusing electrode assembly 3, an anode assembly 4 and an L-shaped connector 5. The first shell assembly 1 is a cylindrical structure, and a first welding edge 101 for connecting the anode is arranged at the upper end of the first shell assembly 1. The cathode heat shield assembly 2 comprises a plurality of cathode cylinders 201, which are respectively arranged in the first shell assembly 1, and a cathode 202 is arranged on each cathode cylinder 201. The focusing electrode assembly 3 comprises: a focusing electrode support 301 and a focusing electrode body 302. The focusing electrode support 301 is cylindrical and sleeved outside the plurality of cathode cylinders 201; the focusing electrode body 302 is arranged on the focusing electrode support 301, and a plurality of focusing electrodes 303 are arranged on the focusing electrode body 302, which are respectively aligned with the plurality of cathodes 202. The anode assembly 4 comprises: an anode body 401 and a plurality of anodes 402. The anode body 401 is provided with a second welding edge 403; a plurality of anodes 402 are provided on the anode body 401, and the plurality of anodes 402 are respectively aligned with the plurality of focusing electrodes 303. The L-shaped connector 5 includes: a first side surface 501 and a second side surface 502. The first side surface 501 is cylindrical; the second side surface 502 is annular and extends radially outward from the top of the first side surface 501; wherein the first side surface 501 is used to connect the first welding edge 101, and the second welding edge 403 is used to connect the second side surface 502, so as to compensate for the assembly error when assembling the focusing electrode and the anode.

[0095] In this embodiment, the position information of the anode assembly and the focusing electrode assembly are acquired and aligned respectively through the traveling wave tube centering welding platform, and the two are welded together using an L-shaped connector 5, which can solve the problems of welding deformation, pressure deformation, etc. at one time.

[0096] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the main body of the first housing component 1 is a cylindrical insulating ceramic, which is used for high-voltage insulation of the anode 402 and the focusing electrode 302. A first welding edge 101 is welded to the upper end surface of the first housing component 1, and the outer ring of the first welding edge 101 extends in a direction away from the anode 402 to form a first extension portion for welding with the first side surface 501 of the L-shaped connector 5. The upper surface of the first welding edge 101 is connected to the cathode focusing electrode insulating ceramic.

[0097] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second welding edge structure 403 arranged on the bottom surface of the anode body 401 is similar to the first welding edge 101, except that the end of the side extending axially of the second welding edge structure 403 is welded to the bottom surface of the anode body 401, and the side extending radially is used for welding to the second side surface 502 of the L-shaped connector 5.

[0098] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the anode assembly 4 is indirectly connected to the first shell assembly 1, and there is neither axial nor radial fit between the two. The angle, concentricity, height difference and parallelism between the two are all completed through a digital adjustment solution, which can reduce the requirements for centering accuracy during the individual assembly of the components.

[0099] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the multi-injection traveling wave tube electron gun also includes a second shell assembly 204, which is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the cathode tube. The top of the second shell assembly 204 extends radially outward to form a third weld edge, and the bottom extends axially outward to form a fourth weld edge. The third weld edge is suitable for connecting to the focusing electrode body, and the fourth weld edge is suitable for connecting to the cathode heat shield assembly to compensate for the assembly error between the assembled cathode and the focusing electrode.

[0100] In this embodiment, the processing accuracy of each component is very high, and the error is very small, which is ignored in this application. This application only considers the errors caused by the assembly process and the welding process. In this embodiment, the connection between the cathode and the focusing electrode has no axial and radial matching and restrictions, and its centering and assembly are completed by other equipment (the subsequent content is a detailed process, and no excessive elaboration is given again). Similarly, the connection between the focusing electrode and the anode has no axial and radial matching and restrictions. Through such a non-matching design, it is possible to adopt a very simple structural design and assembly process to achieve extremely complex centering structures and precision requirements.

[0101] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first shell assembly 1 of the electron gun has the remarkable feature of providing only a solid positioning structure, and the positioning structure has no strict concentricity requirements with other parts of the first shell assembly 1, and is only responsible for supporting the cathode 202 and the focusing electrode assembly 3, and the positioning requirements of the remaining electron optical systems are all completed through a digital deployment scheme. Therefore, the core requirements for sealing the first shell assembly are only vacuum tightness and cleanliness, which greatly reduces the requirements for sealing the first shell assembly.

[0102] Figure 6 The diagram schematically shows the relative position relationship between the cathode and the focusing electrode of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0103] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the cathode part is supported by a long cantilever structure, where it can be seen from area A that there is no radial fit between the cathode 202 and the focusing electrode 303 parts, and from area B that there is no axial fit between the cathode 202 and the focusing electrode 303 parts. This fit allows the cathode and focusing electrode parts to be adjusted freely, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling the cathode heat shield assembly. The concentricity, height difference and parallelism of the two are all achieved through a digital adjustment solution.

[0104] Furthermore, the last welding position of the two connections is close to the focusing electrode to prevent the welding deformation from being amplified there.

[0105] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of focusing electrodes 303 are arranged on a focusing electrode body in a planar manner with equal spacing, and a plurality of anodes 402 are arranged on an anode body in a planar manner with equal spacing.

[0106] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a plurality of focusing electrodes 303 are arranged on the focusing electrode body in a manner of being evenly distributed in the annular direction, and a plurality of anodes 402 are arranged on the anode body in a manner of being evenly distributed in the annular direction.

[0107] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the focusing pole support member 301 includes: a focusing pole support ring 3011 and a focusing pole support frame 3012. The focusing pole support ring 3011 is arranged in the middle or lower part of the first housing assembly 1. The focusing pole support frame 3012 is arranged on the focusing pole support ring 3011, and the top of the focusing pole support frame 3012 is used to support the focusing pole body 302, wherein the height of the focusing pole support frame 3012 is greater than the length and width.

[0108] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cathode assembly further includes: a cathode support tube positioning member 203 and a second shell assembly 204. The cathode support tube positioning member 203 is arranged on the focusing electrode support ring 3011, and the cathode support tube positioning member 203 is isolated from the focusing electrode support frame 3012. The second shell assembly 204 is arranged on the cathode support tube positioning member 203, and is used to support the cathode tube 201.

[0109] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the focusing electrode body 302 and the plurality of focusing electrodes 303 are manufactured as one piece, and the anode body 401 and the plurality of anodes 402 are manufactured as one piece.

[0110] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cathode heat shield assembly 2 further includes a heat shielding tube 205 , and the heat shielding tube 205 is disposed between the cathode support tube positioning member 203 and the focusing pole support frame 3012 .

[0111] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the welding position between the first shell assembly 1 and the anode assembly 4 is close to one end of the focusing pole body 302 , and the welding position between the focusing pole body 302 and the heat shielding tube 205 is close to one end of the focusing pole body 302 .

[0112] Figure 7 It is a multi-view structural schematic diagram of a cathode-focusing electrode assembly assembly of a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun of an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the cathode-focusing electrode assembly positioning and adjustment of the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun shown; Fig. 9 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a tooling focusing electrode protective cap adapted to the assembly assembly shown; Fig.10 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat adapted to the assembly assembly shown; Fig.11 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling focusing electrode protective cap adapted to the assembly assembly shown; Fig.12 is with Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another tooling cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat adapted to the assembly assembly shown; Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube centering welding platform according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Fig.14 The assembly flow chart of the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0113] According to another aspect of the invention disclosed herein, there is also provided a method for assembling the multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun as described above, Fig.14 As shown, it includes operations S1 to S6.

[0114] Operation S1 includes: assembling and welding a plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies respectively, wherein the cathode heat shield assembly includes a cathode cylinder, and a cathode cake is arranged on the cathode cylinder.

[0115] Operation S2 includes: using a mold tool to position the cathode heat shield assembly and the second shell assembly, placing them together on a tool microscope, measuring the height difference and parallelism between the two, and welding them after adjusting them to be better than a preset value.

[0116] Operation S3 includes: placing the assembled cathode heat shield assembly and the corresponding focusing electrode together on an image measuring instrument, measuring the concentricity of the two, adjusting them to be better than a preset value and then welding them to obtain a cathode-focusing electrode assembly, and completing the assembly and welding of multiple sets of cathode-focusing electrode assemblies in sequence.

[0117] Operation S4 includes: assembling and welding the assembled multiple cathode-focusing electrode assemblies with the first shell assembly.

[0118] Operation S5 includes: assembling the cathode-focusing electrode assembly and the anode assembly by using a traveling wave tube centering welding platform, wherein the traveling wave tube centering welding platform includes a three-coordinate measuring machine and a six-axis parallel robot.

[0119] Operation S6 includes: placing the anode assembly and the first shell assembly on two sets of fixtures respectively, detecting the angle, concentricity, height difference and parallelism of the anode assembly and the focusing electrode assembly, adjusting the electronic control platform, driving the six-axis parallel robot to compensate for multiple error data until the preset conditions are met, and using the first side and the second side of the L-shaped connector to weld the anode assembly and the first shell assembly respectively.

[0120] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the welding process, the welding stress change is obtained by the sensor on the six-axis parallel robot. When the pressure value monitored by the sensor is close to the initial free state, the mold is removed. If the pressure value monitored by the sensor deviates from the initial free state, the welding is repeated at a welding position and corrected by additional heat input.

[0121] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S1, the following is adopted: Figure 7 to Figure 12 The cathode-focusing electrode assembly component 6, the focusing electrode protection cap 7 and the cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat 8 shown are used to assemble the cathode and the focusing electrode. Specifically, the cathode-focusing electrode assembly component 6 includes a base, and three threaded propulsion devices (differential heads) are arranged along the axial direction of the base. The middle of the base is used to place the focusing electrode protection cap 7. The output ends of the three threaded propulsion devices are against the outside of the focusing electrode protection cap 7. The position of the focusing electrode protection cap 7 is adjusted by adjusting the screw-in stroke of the three threaded propulsion devices. The focusing electrode protection cap 7 is provided with a plurality of through holes corresponding to the focusing electrode. During the assembly process, the focusing electrode body 302 is placed on the base, and then the focusing electrode protection cap 7 is placed on the focusing electrode body 302, and then other cathode components and focusing electrode components are installed in the above-mentioned plurality of through holes in turn.

[0122] Among them, according to the different types of electron guns, the corresponding focusing pole protection cap and positioning seat suitable for multi-beam traveling wave tubes arranged at equal intervals in a plane are selected, or the focusing pole protection cap and positioning seat suitable for multi-beam traveling wave tubes arranged evenly in an annular direction are selected.

[0123] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the assembly of a planar equidistant multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun is taken as an example for explanation. First, assemble the cathode and focusing electrode corresponding to the middle electron beam. At this time, the cathodes on both sides are in a blank state. After the assembly is completed, move the central component to an eccentric position, and the other eccentric position will be synchronously transferred to the center position of the entire digital device. Continue to use the above method to precisely adjust the concentricity of the cathode and the focusing electrode, and complete the welding. After removing the mold, bias the cathode and focusing electrode components in the opposite direction, and the last eccentric position will move to the center position. By analogy, the centering assembly of three or more cathode-focusing electrode components can be completed.

[0124] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig.10 As shown, the central large through hole is the welding station, and multiple small through holes are set in the area in the direction of the solder joint to prevent the solder joint from sticking to the mold. The remaining large through holes are vias of the cathode heat shield assembly arranged at equal intervals in the plane, so that multiple cathode heat shield assemblies can be translated on the mold and assembled in sequence.

[0125] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, Fig.11 As shown in the figure, it is a special focusing electrode protection cap and cathode heat shield assembly positioning seat developed for the annularly evenly arranged multi-beam traveling wave tube. Its assembly sequence is basically the same as that of the plane equidistant electron gun. The only difference is that after assembling a set of cathode-focusing electrodes, the focusing electrode assembly must be rotated along its own axis so that the next set of cathode-focusing electrode combination is located in the center of the entire digital device.

[0126] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S6, Fig.13 As shown, the first shell assembly is fixed and moved by the cathode-focusing electrode clamp and the electric control platform 901, and the anode assembly is fixed and moved by the anode clamp and the electric control platform 902. The welding spatial position information of the two is calculated by using the detected data of the focusing electrode and the anode, and the two are moved to the preset position through the corresponding electric control platform. After the error meets the threshold, welding is performed to compensate for the assembly error.

[0127] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the traveling wave tube centering welding platform includes a three-coordinate measuring machine, two six-axis parallel robots, and necessary fixtures.

[0128] Furthermore, each electrically controlled axis of the six-axis parallel robot is provided with a pressure sensor. After the parts are clamped and before alignment, it is defined as being in a free state, and the value of each pressure sensor is recorded at this moment.

[0129] Furthermore, after the assembly begins, the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is used to detect various errors of the anode parts and the focusing parts, and then the errors are decomposed into each electronic control platform. Each electronic control platform performs the corresponding displacement, completes the error correction compensation, and then completes the welding.

[0130] Furthermore, during the welding process, the value changes of each pressure sensor are closely followed to monitor the welding stress. When the pressure value of each sensor is close to the initial free state, the mold can be removed to complete the alignment of the multi-injection traveling wave tube electron gun.

[0131] The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun and assembly method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0132] (1) Simplified structure: most of the tolerance requirements are adjusted by the three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine, making the structure of the electron gun simpler;

[0133] (2) Through digital deployment and the setting of welding point positions, the assembly accuracy and efficiency are improved;

[0134] (3) The structure, assembly sequence, and assembly scheme of the electron gun have been improved, making the assembly of the sealing parts simpler and improving the convenience of assembly. It has a good foundation for automation transformation and improves the convenience of assembly.

[0135] (4) The parts processing cost of the electron gun itself is reduced.

[0136] (5) It has structural adaptability and change flexibility. The space of the electrical boundary area is open, and it has good adaptability to electrode parts of various shapes. It is a basic structure with flexible manufacturing characteristics. Whether the diameter is increased or decreased, some parts can be reused. For example, the gun shell and insulating components of the electron gun without electrode parts can be reused on the original basis as long as there is enough space and the insulation withstand voltage meets the design requirements.

[0137] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun, characterized in that: include: The first shell component is a cylindrical structure, and the upper end is provided with a first welding edge for connecting the anode; Cathode heat shield assembly, comprising: A plurality of cathode cylinders, each of which is provided with a cathode cake; Focusing pole assembly, including: A focusing pole support member, disposed in the first housing assembly; A focusing electrode body is arranged on the focusing electrode support, and a plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged on the focusing electrode body, and the plurality of focusing electrodes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of cathode cakes; Anode assembly, comprising: An anode body, provided with a plurality of anodes corresponding one to one with the focusing electrodes; A second welding edge is arranged on the anode body; L-shaped connector, comprising: The first side is cylindrical; A second side surface is annular and extends radially outward from the top of the first side surface; The first side surface is used to connect the first welding edge, and the second welding edge is used to connect the second side surface, so as to compensate for the assembly error when assembling the focusing electrode and the anode.

2. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies are arranged in a plane with equal spacing inside the first shell assembly.

3. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies are arranged in a circumferentially uniform manner within the first shell assembly.

4. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The second shell component is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the cathode cylinder. The top of the second shell component extends radially outward to form a third weld edge, and the bottom extends axially outward to form a fourth weld edge. The third weld edge is suitable for connecting to the focusing electrode body, and the fourth weld edge is suitable for connecting to the cathode heat shield assembly to compensate for the assembly error between the assembled cathode and the focusing electrode.

5. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing electrode body and the plurality of focusing electrodes are manufactured as one piece, and the anode body and the plurality of anodes are manufactured as one piece.

6. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cathode heat shield assembly also includes: A cathode support tube positioning member connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of the second shell assembly; The cathode support tube has two ends connected to the top of the cathode support tube positioning piece and the bottom of the cathode tube respectively.

7. The multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding position between the first shell component and the anode component is close to one end of the focusing pole body, and the welding position between the focusing pole body and the cathode heat shield component is close to one end of the focusing pole body.

8. A method for assembling a multi-beam traveling wave tube electron gun according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Assembling and welding a plurality of cathode heat shield assemblies respectively, wherein the cathode heat shield assemblies include a cathode cylinder, and a cathode cake is arranged on the cathode cylinder; Using a mold tool to position the cathode heat shield assembly and the second shell assembly, placing them together on a tool microscope, measuring the height difference and parallelism between the two, and welding them after adjusting them to be better than a preset value; The assembled cathode heat shield assembly and the corresponding focusing electrode are placed together on an image measuring instrument, and the concentricity of the two is measured. After adjusting to a value better than a preset value, the cathode-focusing electrode assembly is obtained by welding, and multiple sets of cathode-focusing electrode assemblies are assembled and welded in sequence; Assembling and welding the assembled multiple groups of cathode-focusing electrode assemblies with the first shell assembly; Assembling the cathode-focusing electrode assembly and the anode assembly using a traveling wave tube centering welding platform, wherein the traveling wave tube centering welding platform includes a three-coordinate measuring machine and a six-axis parallel robot; The anode assembly and the first shell assembly are placed on two sets of fixtures respectively, the angle, concentricity, height difference and parallelism of the anode assembly and the focusing electrode assembly are detected, the electronic control platform is adjusted, and the six-axis parallel robot is driven to compensate for multiple error data until the preset conditions are met, and the anode assembly and the shell assembly are welded respectively using the first side and the second side of the L-shaped connector.

9. The assembly method according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the welding process, the welding stress change is obtained through the sensor on the six-axis parallel robot. When the pressure value monitored by the sensor is close to the initial free state, the mold is removed. If the pressure value monitored by the sensor deviates from the initial free state, the welding is repeated at the last welding position and corrected by additional heat input.

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