Artificial lumbar zygapophyseal joint prosthesis and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial lumbar zygapophyseal joint prosthesis and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of joint prostheses. Comprising a vertebral body, a vertebral pedicle is integrally formed on the surface of the vertebral body, a vertebral plate prosthesis is arranged at the end, away from the vertebral body, of the vertebral pedicle, an upper articular process prosthesis is arranged at the end, away from the vertebral pedicle, of the vertebral plate prosthesis, a spinous process is integrally formed in the middle section of the end, away from the vertebral body, of the vertebral pedicle, and lower articular processes are arranged on the surface of the vertebral plate prosthesis and located on the two sides of the spinous process. A spinous process transverse screw is arranged between the vertebral plate prosthesis and the spinous process, and a vertebral pedicle screw and a cortical bone screw are arranged between the vertebral body prosthesis and the vertebral body; fixation and fusion between vertebral bodies after facet joints are cut off are effectively avoided, intervertebral fusion is avoided after hypertrophy zygapophysis and ligamentum flavum are cut off for a lumbar spinal stenosis patient, the stability and the mobility between vertebral bodies of a lumbar operation section are obtained again, and the function of the cut zygapophysis joint is reproduced to a certain degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of joint prostheses, and in particular to an artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lumbar facet joints are mainly responsible for limiting the range of spinal motion and transmitting some stress during spinal movement. Some people suffer from degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and instability, and spinal lumbar facet joint prostheses can be installed. Existing spinal lumbar facet joint prostheses may cause wear and tear on other tissues and affect their functions. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a spinal lumbar facet joint prosthesis to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis and a method of using the same, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an artificial lumbar articular process joint prosthesis, comprising a vertebral body, a pedicle is integrally formed on the surface of the vertebral body, a lamina prosthesis is arranged at one end of the pedicle away from the vertebral body, an upper articular process prosthesis is arranged at one end of the lamina prosthesis away from the pedicle, a spinous process is integrally formed at the middle section of the end of the pedicle away from the vertebral body, an inferior articular process is arranged on the surface of the lamina prosthesis and is located on both sides of the spinous process, a spinous process transverse screw is arranged between the lamina prosthesis and the spinous process, a pedicle screw and a cortical bone screw are arranged between the vertebral body prosthesis and the vertebral body, the vertebral body comprises an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body, and the inferior articular process prosthesis of the upper vertebral body is slidably fitted with the superior articular process prosthesis located on the lower vertebral body.

[0005] Preferably, the superior articular process prosthesis is a hemispherical depression, the inner wall of the hemispherical depression of the superior articular process prosthesis is provided with a slide groove, the inferior articular process prosthesis is a spherical structure, the inferior articular process prosthesis is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the superior articular process prosthesis, the surface of the inferior articular process prosthesis is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is embedded in the slide groove, the superior articular process prosthesis is made of polyethylene material, and the inferior articular process prosthesis is made of metal material.

[0006] Preferably, the superior articular process prosthesis and the inferior articular process prosthesis are formed by 3D printing.

[0007] An artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis and a method of using the same, comprising the following steps

[0008] S1, completion of unilateral lumbar facet resection surgery;

[0009] S2. Grind the cortical surface of the lamina prosthesis of the lower vertebra to promote smooth bone ingrowth of the prosthesis in the later stage;

[0010] S3. After covering the lower vertebral body on the bone surface, use the guide to drill holes in the direction of the pedicle screws and place the guide pins, then drill holes in the direction of the cortical bone screws and place the guide pins, use X-ray fluoroscopy to confirm the correct position and then screw in the pedicle screws and cortical bone screws. If the patient has osteoporosis, first inject bone cement into the drilled holes, then screw in the pedicle screws and cortical bone screws to ensure the stability of the prosthesis, then drill holes and screw in the transverse spinous process screws to fix the spinous process position;

[0011] S4. After checking the stability of the lower vertebra, install the polyethylene joint surface;

[0012] S5. Install the superior vertebral body. After placing the superior vertebral body in a suitable position to cover the bone surface, check that the superior vertebral body and the inferior vertebral prosthesis joint surface are well aligned. Repeat the implantation method of step S3, screw in the screws one by one to fix them, and then observe the position and shape of the prosthesis with X-ray fluoroscopy. After confirming that it is correct, the installation is completed.

[0013] Preferably, step S1 also includes completing bilateral lumbar facet joint resection surgery.

[0014] Compared with the related art, the artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis and the use method thereof provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention provides an artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis and a method for using the same. In cases of lumbar spinal stenosis, reconstruction is performed after facet joint resection via unilateral or bilateral intervertebral foraminal approach. Normal vertebral shape parameters are predicted by the morphology of adjacent vertebrae and facet joints. A 3D printed lamina prosthesis structure is used, which is composed of a proximal and distal prosthesis. The proximal and distal parts of the prosthesis are fixed respectively using pedicle screws, cortical bone screws, and spinous process transverse screws. A movable joint device in the middle of the prosthesis retains and restores normal connection and movement functions of the facet joint area of ​​the surgical segment, effectively avoiding intervertebral fixation and fusion after facet joint resection. After hypertrophic and hypertrophic facet joints and yellow ligaments are resected in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis, intervertebral fusion is avoided, and the function of the resected facet joint is reproduced to a certain extent.

[0016] The present invention provides an artificial lumbar vertebral articular process joint prosthesis and a method for using the same. The 3D printing technology is used to make the appearance parameters of the upper articular process prosthesis, the lower articular process prosthesis and the lamina prosthesis more consistent with the filling of the resected part, thereby achieving a highly simulated effect and effectively improving the treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the superior articular process prosthesis and the inferior articular process prosthesis of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the vertebral structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, vertebral body, 1a, superior vertebral body, 1b, inferior vertebral body, 11, pedicle, 13, superior articular process prosthesis, 16, spinous process transverse screw, 17, spinous process, 18, inferior articular process prosthesis, 2, lamina prosthesis, 23, pedicle screw, 24, cortical bone screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The present invention provides an artificial lumbar articular process joint prosthesis, comprising a vertebral body 1, a pedicle 11 is integrally formed on the surface of the vertebral body 1, a lamina prosthesis 2 is arranged at one end of the pedicle 11 away from the vertebral body 1, an upper articular process prosthesis 13 is arranged at one end of the lamina prosthesis 2 away from the pedicle 11, a spinous process 17 is integrally formed at the middle section of the end of the pedicle 11 away from the vertebral body 1, a lower articular process 18 is arranged on the surface of the lamina prosthesis 2 and is located on both sides of the spinous process 17, a spinous process transverse screw 16 is arranged between the lamina prosthesis 2 and the spinous process 17, a pedicle screw 23 and a cortical bone screw 24 are arranged between the vertebral prosthesis 2 and the vertebral body 1, the vertebral body 1 comprises an upper vertebral body 1a and a lower vertebral body 1b, the lower articular process prosthesis 18 of the upper vertebral body 1a is slidably fitted with the upper articular process prosthesis 13 located on the lower vertebral body 1b.

[0021] In cases of lumbar spinal stenosis, reconstruction is performed after unilateral or bilateral transforaminal facet joint resection. The normal vertebral body 1, lamina and facet shape parameters are predicted by the morphology of the adjacent vertebrae and facet joints. A 3D printed lamina prosthesis 2 structure is used, which consists of a proximal and distal prosthesis. The proximal and distal parts of the prosthesis are fixed with pedicle screws 23, cortical bone screws 24 and spinous process transverse screws 16 respectively. The movable joint device in the middle of the prosthesis retains the normal connection and movement function of the facet joint area of ​​the surgical segment, effectively avoiding intervertebral fixation and fusion after facet joint resection. After the hypertrophic facet joint and yellow ligament are removed in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis, intervertebral fusion is avoided, and the function of the removed facet joint is reproduced to a certain extent.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper articular process prosthesis 13 is a hemispherical depression, and a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the hemispherical depression of the upper articular process prosthesis 13. The lower articular process prosthesis 18 is a spherical structure. The lower articular process prosthesis 18 is rotatably set on the inner wall of the upper articular process prosthesis 13. A protrusion is provided on the surface of the lower articular process prosthesis 18, and the protrusion is embedded in the slide groove. The upper articular process prosthesis 13 is made of polyethylene material, and the lower articular process prosthesis 18 is made of metal material; it can meet the joint structure required after surgery, making the installation of the prosthesis more flexible.

[0023] Furthermore, the superior articular process prosthesis 13 and the inferior articular process prosthesis 18 are formed by 3D printing, so that the appearance parameters of the superior articular process prosthesis 13, the inferior articular process prosthesis 18 and the lamina prosthesis 2 are more consistent with the filling of the resection part, achieving a highly simulated effect, which can effectively improve the treatment effect.

[0024] A method for using an artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis comprises the following steps

[0025] S1, completion of unilateral lumbar facet resection surgery;

[0026] S2, polish the surface cortex of the lamina prosthesis 2 of the lower vertebra to promote smooth bone ingrowth of the prosthesis in the later stage;

[0027] S3. After covering the lower vertebral body on the bone surface, use the guide to drill holes in the direction of the pedicle screw 23 and place the guide pin, then drill holes in the direction of the cortical bone screw 24 and place the guide pin, use X-ray fluoroscopy to confirm the correct position and then screw in the pedicle screw 23 and the cortical bone screw 24. If the patient has osteoporosis, first inject bone cement into the drilled hole, then screw in the pedicle screw 23 and the cortical bone screw 24 to ensure the stability of the prosthesis, then drill holes and screw in the spinous process transverse screw 16 to fix the spinous process position;

[0028] S4. After checking the stability of the lower vertebra, install the polyethylene joint surface;

[0029] S5, install the upper vertebral body, place the upper vertebral body to a suitable position to cover the bone surface, check that the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral prosthesis joint surface are well matched, repeat the implantation method of step S3, screw in the screws in turn to fix, then observe the position and shape of the prosthesis through X-ray fluoroscopy, and the installation is completed after confirming that it is correct;

[0030] Step S1 also includes completing bilateral lumbar facet joint resection surgery and repeating steps S2-S5.

Claims

1. An artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis, comprising a vertebral body (1), characterized in that: The surface of the vertebral body (1) is integrally formed with a pedicle (11), the end of the pedicle (11) away from the vertebral body (1) is provided with a lamina prosthesis (2), the end of the lamina prosthesis (2) away from the pedicle (11) is provided with an upper articular process prosthesis (13), the middle section of the end of the pedicle (11) away from the vertebral body (1) is integrally formed with a spinous process (17), the surface of the lamina prosthesis (2) is provided with an inferior articular process (18) and is located on both sides of the spinous process (17), a spinous process transverse screw (16) is provided between the lamina prosthesis (2) and the spinous process (17), and a pedicle screw (23) and a cortical bone screw (24) are provided between the vertebral prosthesis (2) and the vertebral body (1); The vertebral body (1) comprises an upper vertebral body (1a) and a lower vertebral body (1b), and the lower articular process prosthesis (18) of the upper vertebral body (1a) is slidably fitted with the upper articular process prosthesis (13) located on the lower vertebral body (1b).

2. An artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper articular process prosthesis (13) is hemispherically concave, and the inner wall of the hemispherical concave of the upper articular process prosthesis (13) is provided with a slide groove. The lower articular process prosthesis (18) is spherical in structure, and the lower articular process prosthesis (18) is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the upper articular process prosthesis (13). A protrusion is arranged on the surface of the lower articular process prosthesis (18), and the protrusion is embedded in the slide groove. The upper articular process prosthesis (13) is made of polyethylene material, and the lower articular process prosthesis (18) is made of metal material.

3. The artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The superior articular process prosthesis (13) and the inferior articular process prosthesis (18) are formed by 3D printing.

4. A method for using an artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are included S1, completion of unilateral lumbar facet resection surgery; S2, polishing the surface cortex of the lamina prosthesis (2) of the lower vertebra to promote smooth bone ingrowth of the prosthesis in the later stage; S3. After covering the lower vertebral body on the bone surface, use a guide to drill a hole in the direction of the pedicle screw (23) and place a guide pin, then drill a hole in the direction of the cortical bone screw (24) and place a guide pin, use X-ray fluoroscopy to confirm the correct position and then screw in the pedicle screw (23) and the cortical bone screw (24). If the patient has osteoporosis, first inject bone cement into the drill hole, then screw in the pedicle screw (23) and the cortical bone screw (24) to ensure the stability of the prosthesis, then drill a hole and screw in the spinous process transverse screw (16) to fix the spinous process position; S4. After checking the stability of the lower vertebra, install the polyethylene joint surface; S5. Install the superior vertebral body. After placing the superior vertebral body in a suitable position to cover the bone surface, check that the superior vertebral body and the inferior vertebral prosthesis joint surface are well aligned. Repeat the implantation method of step S3, screw in the screws one by one to fix them, and then observe the position and shape of the prosthesis with X-ray fluoroscopy. After confirming that it is correct, the installation is completed.

5. The method for using the artificial lumbar facet joint prosthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S1 also includes completing bilateral lumbar facet joint resection surgery.

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