Temperature cycle-seepage shear rheological test shear box for simulating samples with multiple sizes and different shapes
By integrating seepage and temperature circulation devices on the shear box and combining with multi-size test pieces, the temperature circulation-seepage-stress synchronous application of samples with different shapes of multiple sizes is achieved, and the large test errors and hot and cold in the prior art are solved. The impact problem improves the accuracy and standardization of the test.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310696538.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
The application methods of existing shear boxes in temperature, seepage, vibration and other factors are separated from the actual situation of geotechnical engineering, resulting in large test errors, and the temperature circulation device has the risk of scalds and frostbite and hot and cold impact, which lacks on traditional shear boxes. The implementation of the temperature cycle-seepage module is increased, and the temperature cycle-seepage cannot be applied simultaneously to act on samples of multiple sizes and different shapes.
A temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test shear box that simulates samples with different shapes of multiple sizes is designed. By setting the seepage device on the top surface of the shear box and the temperature cycle device on the front and rear sides, combined with the multi-size specimen group , realize multi-size adaptation of the sample, directly apply temperature circulation-seepage control, and synchronize temperature, seepage and stress.
The temperature, seepage and stress are applied simultaneously in the test, which reduces the test error, avoids hot and cold shocks and operating risks, adapts to the actual working conditions with multiple factors at the same time, improves the accuracy and standardization of the test, and meets many Study on the shear rheological characteristics of samples with different sizes and shapes.
Smart Images
Figure FT_1 
Figure FT_2 
Figure FT_3
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shear boxes and is suitable for simulating temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology tests of samples of multiple sizes and shapes. Background Art
[0002] The weak interlayers (mostly thin layers of mudstone containing carbonaceous, silty, calcium and other mineral components) widely existing in limestone mines are "potential sliding surfaces" that threaten the safety of mines. In order to accurately grasp the long-term rock mechanical property change trend of weak interlayers under the action of multiple factors and accurately evaluate the stability of mine slopes, conducting indoor temperature cycle-seepage shear creep tests to collect physical and mechanical parameters is still one of the most effective methods.
[0003] At present, the technical bottleneck of developing a shear rheological test device for weak interlayers under temperature cycling-seepage action for samples of multiple sizes and shapes is the reasonable design and processing of the mechanical structure of the shear box. Through literature research, the existing shear boxes for related shear creep tests have the following main deficiencies: 1. In conventional geotechnical tests, factors such as temperature, seepage, and vibration are often applied separately from the stress field. On the one hand, this method is divorced from the actual situation faced by geotechnical engineering. On the other hand, because the test process, such as transfer and transportation, is prone to damage, it will further increase the error of the test system and affect its accuracy.
[0004] 2. Temperature cycle application is mostly done by heating wire + compressor or PTC thermistor. There is a high risk of scalding and frostbite during equipment operation, and the rapid heating and cooling speed can easily cause thermal shock to the sample, and there is a lag in the control feedback. These realities are not conducive to long-term shear creep tests. Therefore, how to choose a temperature cycle application method with high stability and accurate temperature application to realize temperature cycle weak interlayer shear creep test is an innovative issue.
[0005] 3. There are a certain number of shear rheology systems that consider the influence of temperature cycling or seepage alone, but domestically, relevant test instruments that simultaneously apply temperature cycling and seepage and consider shear rheology are rare. How to add corresponding modules on the basis of traditional shear boxes to realize shear rheology tests of weak interlayers under the simultaneous action of temperature cycling and seepage is an innovative issue.
[0006] 4. According to the Geotechnical Mechanics Test Specification, the recommended specimen size is a cylindrical specimen of Φ50mm and a diameter-to-height ratio of 1:2 or a square specimen of 100*100*100mm. There is no standard for the specimen size used in shear rheology tests, and there is also a lack of comparison of the shear rheological properties of specimens of different sizes and shapes. Designing corresponding temperature cycling-seepage shear rheology shear boxes for specimens of multiple sizes and shapes is the key to further promoting and improving the shear rheology test specifications. Summary of the invention
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above defects of the prior art. The present invention provides a shear box for simulating temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test of samples of multiple sizes and shapes. By setting a seepage device at the multi-size normal pressure head on the top surface of the shear box and setting a temperature cycle device on the front and back sides of the shear box opening, the temperature cycle-seepage control is directly applied to the sample through the temperature cycle-seepage device. By setting a multi-size specimen group inside the shear box, the multi-size specimen group is used to achieve multi-size adaptation of the shear box specimen, thereby providing a test device for directly applying temperature cycle-seepage control to samples of multiple sizes and shapes during the shear rheology test. The shear box provided by the present invention can simultaneously apply temperature cycle-seepage-stress to samples of multiple sizes and shapes, solving the problem that the temperature, seepage, and stress are applied separately to a single-size specimen, resulting in large test system errors, poor shear rheology effects, and separation from engineering practice.
[0008] The present invention provides a shear box for simulating a temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test of samples of multiple sizes and shapes, comprising: a top shear box and a bottom shear box; the top shear box and the bottom shear box have openings facing each other and are tightly connected in a detachable manner, and the groove of the top shear box and the groove of the bottom shear box together form a working area, characterized in that it also includes: a temperature cycle-seepage device; The top shear box is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with multi-sized normal pressure head installation through holes opened in the middle; The working area is a structure with hollowed-out front and rear sides; The temperature cycle-seepage device comprises: a temperature cycle device and a seepage device; The temperature cycle device comprises: a front temperature cycle device and a rear temperature cycle device; The front temperature circulation device comprises: a front upper temperature circulation unit and a front lower temperature circulation unit; the front upper temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the top shear box opening by means of screw connection, and the front lower temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the bottom shear box opening by means of screw connection; The rear temperature circulation device comprises: a rear upper temperature circulation unit and a rear lower temperature circulation unit; the rear upper temperature circulation unit is arranged at the rear side of the top shear box opening by means of screw connection, and the rear lower temperature circulation unit is arranged at the rear side of the bottom shear box opening by means of screw connection; A slide groove structure is provided between the front upper temperature circulation unit and the front lower temperature circulation unit, and between the rear upper temperature circulation unit and the rear lower temperature circulation unit, and the sliding direction of the slide groove structure is consistent with the relative displacement direction of the top shear box and the bottom shear box; The seepage device comprises: a water channel and a water injection pressure head; The water channel includes: a top water injection channel and a bottom drainage channel; the top water injection channel is three vertical and evenly distributed in a straight line and arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the normal pressure head and connected to the outside, and the bottom drainage channel is arranged in the center of the bottom shear box groove and connected to the outside; The water injection pressure head comprises: three water injection pressure heads; the water injection pressure heads are detachably arranged on the bottom surface of the normal pressure head; The water injection head is closely connected to the three top water injection channel outlets on the bottom surface of the multi-size normal pressure head, and the lower surface of the water injection head should be close to the shear surface of the multi-size specimen group and the specimen. The temperature cycle device and the seepage device are adjacent to the working area, and the outer surfaces of the multi-size specimen group and the specimens in the working area are fully surrounded by the top shear box, the bottom shear box, the temperature cycle device and the seepage device.
[0009] The preferred technical solution for the above basic structure is that each of the temperature cycle units comprises: a heat conduction pad, a heat conduction channel, and a heat conduction fixing plate; The heat-conducting fixing plate comprises: an upper heat-conducting fixing plate and a lower heat-conducting fixing plate; The heat conduction channels are arranged in the same plane at intervals between the heat conduction pad and the heat conduction fixing plate, and the front and back surfaces of each heat conduction channel are in close contact with the heat conduction pad and the heat conduction fixing plate respectively; The heat conduction channel includes: a heat conduction channel (inlet) and a heat conduction channel (outlet); The heat conduction channel contains heat conduction liquid, and the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat conduction channel are connected to the liquid pump; The thermal conductive pad faces the working area.
[0010] The technical solution to improve the above solution is to further include: a normal pressure head of multiple sizes; The multi-size pressure heads are detachably connected to the upper through hole of the top shear box; The multi-size normal indenters include: normal columnar indenters, normal square indenters, and normal rectangular indenters; Waterproof rubber strips are provided between the normal column-like pressure head, the normal square-like pressure head and the normal rectangular-like pressure head, which are tightly connected by four special connecting bolts to reduce the gaps in the normal pressure heads of various sizes and improve the sealing performance.
[0011] A further preferred technical solution for the above solution is that it also includes a sliding device; The sliding device also includes: sliding balls and ball rows; the sliding balls are detachably arranged at the grooves of the contact surfaces of the top shear box and the bottom shear box, and the ball rows are detachably arranged below the bottom shear box.
[0012] The technical solution of the further improved solution is to further include: a sample fixing device; The sample fixing device comprises: an upper sample fixing device and a lower sample fixing device; The upper sample fixing device comprises: an upper sample fixing top plate and an upper compression bolt; the upper sample fixing top plate is arranged on the right side of the top shear box in a screw connection manner, and the upper compression bolt is arranged in the right box body of the top shear box in a screw connection manner; The upper specimen fixing top plate is detachably connected and fixed to the top shear box with the upper compression bolts; The lower sample fixing device comprises: a lower sample fixing top plate and a lower compression bolt; the lower sample fixing top plate is arranged on the left side of the bottom shear box in a screw connection manner, and the lower compression bolt is arranged in the left box body of the bottom shear box in a screw connection manner; The lower specimen fixing top plate is detachably connected and fixed to the bottom shear box with the lower compression bolts.
[0013] A further improved technical solution is that it also includes: connecting the pressure head; The connecting pressure head comprises: an upper connecting pressure head and a lower connecting pressure head; The upper connecting pressure head is detachably arranged on the left side of the top shear box, and the upper connecting pressure head is in a more "I"-shaped structure with wide ends and narrow middle. The lower connecting pressure head is detachably arranged on the right side of the bottom shear box, and the lower connecting pressure head is in a more "I"-shaped structure with wide ends and narrow middle.
[0014] The present invention provides a shear box for simulating temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test of samples of multiple sizes and different shapes, comprising: a top shear box and a bottom shear box; the top shear box and the bottom shear box have openings facing each other and are tightly connected in a detachable manner, and the groove of the top shear box and the groove of the bottom shear box together form a working area, characterized in that it also includes: a multi-size specimen group; The working area includes: a multi-size test piece group, a test specimen; The multi-size specimen group includes: a column-like constraint specimen and a square-like constraint specimen; the column-like constraint specimen and the square-like constraint specimen are arranged in the working area; the column-like constraint specimen is located inside the square-like constraint specimen and presents an upper and lower double-layer structure, and a space is reserved between the upper and lower parts as a shear surface; the column-like constraint specimen includes: a column-like constraint unit and a normal column-like constraint unit; after the column-like constraint unit and the normal column-like constraint unit are closed, a Φ50mm*50mm cylindrical cavity is left inside for placing the minimum-size rock sample; The column-like constraint unit comprises: an upper column-like constraint unit and a lower column-like constraint unit; the upper column-like constraint unit is composed of two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the top shear box, and the lower column-like constraint unit is composed of two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the bottom shear box; The normal column-like constraint unit comprises: a normal column-like top constraint unit and a normal column-like bottom constraint unit; the normal column-like top constraint unit is detachably arranged at the central hole of the upper column-like constraint unit and is provided with a water injection channel that passes through from top to bottom; the normal column-like bottom constraint unit is detachably arranged at the central hole of the lower column-like constraint unit and is provided with a drainage channel that passes through from top to bottom; The square sample constraint test piece includes: an upper sample constraint unit and a lower sample constraint unit; the upper sample constraint unit is composed of two parts, left and right, and is detachably arranged on both sides of the upper column sample constraint unit, and the lower sample constraint unit is composed of two parts, left and right, and is detachably arranged on both sides of the lower column sample constraint unit; The upper-like constraint unit, the upper-column-like constraint unit, and the normal-column-like top constraint unit are arranged in the internal cavity of the top shear box and are tightly attached to the upper surface of the cavity; the lower-like constraint unit, the lower-column-like constraint unit, and the normal-column-like bottom constraint unit are arranged in the internal cavity of the bottom shear box and are tightly attached to the upper surface of the cavity.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The shear box provided by the present invention enables the tests of temperature cycle-seepage acting on the rock and soil and stress acting on the rock and soil to be applied to the specimen at the same time, which is consistent with the fact that multiple factors act on the rock and soil at the same time in actual working conditions, and meets the accuracy of indoor simulation tests to solve practical engineering problems.
[0016] 2. An innovative method of pumping heat-conducting liquid of target temperature into the heat-conducting channel is adopted to realize temperature cycle control, avoiding the problem of conventional temperature loading device directly acting on the sample to cause cold and heat shock and uneven heating and cooling, and better simulating the situation where the rock and soil are evenly heated and cooled by the atmospheric temperature.
[0017] 3. The shear box test process provided by the present invention is easy to operate. After the sample is installed in the shear box, temperature cycle-seepage control can be directly applied to the sample during the shear rheology test, thereby avoiding the risk of burns, frostbite or high-pressure water cuts to the operator due to disassembly of the instrument.
[0018] 4. Taking into account the differences in specimen sizes recommended by various geotechnical test specifications, without abandoning the recommended specimen sizes and shapes, multi-size shear rheology tests are carried out on the same instrument to eliminate the test errors caused by different instruments, explore the shear rheological properties of rock samples of multiple sizes and shapes, and promote the standardized process of rock shear rheology tests.
[0019] The present invention can synchronize the application of temperature cycle-seepage on the rock and soil mass with the application of stress on the rock and soil mass, which conforms to the fact that multiple factors act on the rock and soil mass at the same time in actual working conditions. At the same time, it comprehensively considers the different shear rheological properties exhibited by various rock and soil sample standard sizes, promotes the standardization of rock shear rheological tests, and further improves the accuracy of indoor simulation tests that can meet actual engineering problems. The test has high accuracy and can quickly implement the shear rheological test of the sample's temperature cycle-seepage and stress acting on the rock at the same time without disassembly. Each component is easy to process and assemble, which not only meets the structural strength requirements of the mechanical test, but also reduces the space occupied by the equipment, is easy to operate, and avoids the risk of burns, frostbite or high-pressure water cuts to the operator due to disassembly of the instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the temperature cycle device in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a tangent diagram of a normal indenter of multiple sizes in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 1 is a structural diagram of a multi-size specimen group in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a special connecting bolt in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a ball row in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] Among them, 1-normal column sample pressure head, 2-normal square sample pressure head, 3-normal rectangular sample pressure head (right), 4-special connecting bolts, 5-water injection pressure head, 6-waterproof rubber strip, 7-normal rectangular sample pressure head (left), 8-top shear box, 9-upper sample fixing top plate, 9(1)-upper clamping bolt, 10-upper connecting pressure head, 11-upper heat conduction fixing plate, 12-heat conduction channel (in), 13-heat conduction channel (out), 14-lower heat conduction fixing plate, 15-fixing screws, 16-thermal pad Block, 17-heat-conducting fixing plate, 18-multi-size specimen group, 18(1)-upper sample constraint unit, 18(2)-upper column sample constraint unit, 18(3)-normal column sample top constraint unit, 18(4)-lower sample constraint unit, 18(5)-lower column sample constraint unit, 18(6)-normal column sample bottom constraint unit, 19-bottom shear box, 20-lower connecting pressure head, 21-lower specimen fixing top plate, 21(1)-lower clamping bolt, 22-sliding ball, 23-ball row. Implementation
[0028] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation mode and working principle of the shear box for temperature cycling-seepage shear rheology test simulating multi-size and different-shaped samples proposed by the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
[0029] The present invention provides a shear box for temperature cycle-seepage and stress simultaneous shear rheological test with high test accuracy and multiple sizes and shapes without step-by-step application of factors. The basic structure of the shear box includes: a top shear box, a bottom shear box, a temperature cycle-seepage device, and a multi-size test piece group.
[0030] Among them, the openings of the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19 are opposite to each other and are connected by being compressed in a detachable manner. The area enclosed by the opening of the top shear box and the opening of the bottom shear box is the working area, and the front and rear sides of the area are hollowed out.
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature circulation device used in the present invention includes: a front temperature circulation device and a rear temperature circulation device; the front temperature circulation device and the rear temperature circulation device are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the working area in a detachable manner. Among them, the front temperature control device includes: a front upper temperature circulation unit and a front lower temperature circulation unit. The specific connection method is: the front upper temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the opening of the top shear box 8 in a screw connection manner, and the front lower temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the opening of the bottom shear box 19 in a screw connection manner. The rear temperature circulation device includes: a rear upper temperature circulation unit and a rear lower temperature circulation unit. The specific connection method is: the rear upper temperature circulation unit is arranged on the rear side of the opening of the top shear box 8 in a screw connection manner, and the rear lower temperature circulation unit is arranged on the rear side of the opening of the bottom shear box 19 in a screw connection manner. A slide groove structure is arranged between the front upper temperature circulation unit and the front lower temperature circulation unit, and between the rear upper temperature circulation unit and the rear lower temperature circulation unit, and the sliding direction of the slide groove structure is consistent with the relative displacement direction of the top shear box and the bottom shear box. The multi-size specimen group 18 in the specimen placement area adjacent to the front temperature cycle device and the rear temperature cycle device, refer to Figures 1 to 3 It can be seen that the outer surface of the multi-size test piece group 18 and the test specimen in the working area is fully surrounded by the top shear box, the bottom shear box, the front temperature circulation device, and the rear temperature circulation device.
[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, for the temperature cycle unit, the preferred technical solution is that each temperature cycle unit includes: a heat-conducting pad 16, a heat-conducting channel, and a heat-conducting fixed plate. Among them, the heat-conducting channel includes: a heat-conducting channel (inlet) 12, a heat-conducting channel (outlet) 13; the heat-conducting fixed plate includes: an upper heat-conducting fixed plate 11, and a lower heat-conducting fixed plate 14. The heat-conducting channels arranged in the same plane at intervals are arranged between the heat-conducting pad 16 and the heat-conducting fixed plate, and the front and back sides of each heat-conducting channel are in close contact with the heat-conducting pad and the heat-conducting fixed plate respectively; the heat-conducting channel contains a heat-conducting liquid, and the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting channel (inlet) 12 are connected to a liquid pump. The heat-conducting pad faces the working area.
[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the seepage device used in the present invention includes: a water channel, a water injection pressure head; the water channel is arranged inside the multi-sized normal pressure head in the bottom shear box 19. The water channel includes: a top water injection channel and a bottom drainage channel; the top water injection channel is three vertical and evenly "one"-distributed channels arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the normal pressure head and connected to the outside, and the bottom drainage channel is arranged in the center of the groove of the bottom shear box and connected to the outside. The water injection pressure head includes: three water injection pressure heads; the water injection pressure head is detachably arranged on the bottom surface of the normal pressure head. The specific connection method is: refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3It can be seen that the water injection pressure head 5 is closely connected to the three top water injection channel outlets of the bottom surface of the normal pressure head and the lower surface of the water injection pressure head is close to the shear surface between the multi-size test piece group 18 and the test sample.
[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the multi-size normal pressure heads used in the present invention include: normal columnar pressure head, normal square pressure head, normal rectangular pressure head. Among them, the normal rectangular pressure head includes: normal rectangular pressure head (right) 3, normal rectangular pressure head (left) 7. The specific connection method is: four special connecting bolts 4 are set between the normal columnar pressure head 1, the normal square pressure head 2, the normal rectangular pressure head (right) 3, and the normal rectangular pressure head (left) 7 for connecting each other. The multi-size normal pressure head is detachably connected and set at the upper through hole of the top shear box.
[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the multi-size specimen group of the present invention includes: a column-like constraint specimen and a square-like constraint specimen; the column-like constraint specimen and the square-like constraint specimen are arranged in the working area; the column-like constraint specimen is located inside the square-like constraint specimen and presents an upper and lower double-layer structure, and a space is reserved between the upper and lower parts as a shear surface; wherein the column-like constraint specimen includes: a column-like constraint unit and a normal column-like constraint unit. After the column-like constraint unit and the normal column-like constraint unit are closed, a cylindrical cavity of Φ50mm*50mm is left inside for placing the minimum size rock sample. The specific connection method is: the upper column-like constraint unit 18 (2) is divided into two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the top shear box, and the lower column-like constraint unit 18 (5) is divided into two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the bottom shear box. The normal column-like constraint unit includes: a normal column-like top constraint unit and a normal column-like bottom constraint unit. The specific connection method is: the top constraint unit 18 (3) of the normal column sample is detachably arranged in the central hole of the upper column sample constraint unit 18 (2) and is provided with a water injection channel that runs through from top to bottom; the bottom constraint unit 18 (6) of the normal column sample is detachably arranged in the central hole of the lower column sample constraint unit 18 (5) and is provided with a drainage channel that runs through from top to bottom. The square sample constraint specimen includes: an upper sample constraint unit and a lower sample constraint unit. The specific connection method is: the upper sample constraint unit 18 (1) is divided into two parts on the left and right and is detachably arranged on both sides of the upper column sample constraint unit 18 (2); the lower sample constraint unit 18 (4) is divided into two parts on the left and right and is detachably arranged on both sides of the lower column sample constraint unit. Figures 4 to 5 It can be seen that the upper constraint unit, the upper column constraint unit, and the normal column top constraint unit are arranged in the inner cavity of the top shear box and are in close contact with the upper surface of the cavity, and the lower constraint unit, the lower column constraint unit, and the normal column bottom constraint unit are arranged in the inner cavity of the bottom shear box and are in close contact with the upper surface of the cavity; As for the relative position relationship between the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19, preferably, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19 are arranged up and down. In this embodiment, the rectangular structure formed by the opening of the top shear box 8 and the opening of the bottom shear box 19 is a multi-size specimen group 18 and a specimen placement area.
[0036] The left outer wall of the top shear box 8 is provided with an upper connecting pressure head 10 for applying shear stress to the upper plate of the sample. The upper connecting pressure head 10 is an "I"-shaped structure and is used to connect an electric cylinder for applying shear stress externally.
[0037] The contact surface between the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19 is provided with a groove for placing the sliding ball 22, so as to reduce the friction between the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19 and reduce the stress loss during the test.
[0038] The specific structure of the top shear box 8 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with a mounting through hole in the middle, and screw holes for connecting the temperature circulation device are provided on the front and rear outer walls of the multi-size normal pressure head mounting through hole.
[0039] The specific structure of the bottom shear box 19 is: a rectangular structure with a groove in the middle for placing the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen structure, and screw holes for connecting the temperature circulation device are opened on the front and rear outer walls of the groove for the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen structure.
[0040] A waterproof rubber strip 6 is provided between the normal column-like pressure head 1, the normal square-like pressure head 2 and the normal rectangular-like pressure head, which are tightly connected by four special connecting bolts 4 to reduce the gaps in the normal pressure heads of multiple sizes and improve the sealing performance.
[0041] Temperature cycle device: A set of temperature cycle devices is set on both sides of the front and rear of the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen placement area. Figure 1 Each temperature cycle unit is assembled from the inside to the outside by a three-layer structure of a heat-conducting fixing plate, a heat-conducting channel and a heat-conducting pad 16. A slideway is provided between the upper and lower temperature cycle units to reduce friction and fix the shear direction.
[0042] The temperature cycler is installed as follows: after assembling the three-layer structure of the heat conduction fixing plate, the heat conduction channel, the heat conduction pad 16 and the slide rail mechanism in the temperature cycler, the heat conduction pad 16 is connected and fixed to the top shear box 8 by the fixing screws 15, and connected and fixed to the bottom shear box 19 by the fixing screws 15, so that the heat conduction pad 16 faces the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen placement area. Figure 2 As shown, the heat conduction channel (inlet) 12 and the heat conduction channel (outlet) 13 in the temperature circulation device pass through the installation holes on the heat conduction fixing plate, and the installation holes at the outlet ends of the two devices are connected to the liquid pump. The temperature circulation devices on both sides are installed in the above manner.
[0043] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , a liquid pump is used to pump heat-conducting liquid into the heat-conducting channel (inlet) 12 and the heat-conducting channel (outlet) 13 to realize temperature cycle loading. This heat-conducting method has the advantages of high precision and high stability, long life, small size, low noise, no wear, no vibration, no pollution, and can be both refrigerated and heated, and can largely meet the test requirements of the present invention for long-term shear rheology test.
[0044] In this embodiment, the shear box is made of steel as a whole, and the various structural parts are connected by screws, slots and balls. At the same time, waterproof strips are set in some gaps to ensure the sealing of the shear box, so that the sample temperature and osmotic pressure will not be lost excessively.
[0045] The specific steps of conducting a temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test of simulated multi-size and different-shape samples in this embodiment include: (1) Prepare the sample Prepare samples. The sample dimensions can be a rectangular sample with a length, width and height of 100*100*150mm, a cube sample with a size of 100*100*100mm, a cylindrical sample with a size of Φ50mm*50mm or a cylindrical sample with a size of Φ50mm*100mm. The shear surface is a rectangle with a size of 100*150mm, a square with a size of 100*100mm or a circle with a size of Φ50mm, and water injection channels are drilled at the corresponding positions.
[0046] (2) Specimen installation and installation Push the shear box out of the loading device: loosen the fixing screw 15 and remove the heat conducting fixing plate. Figure 1As shown, remove the multi-size normal indenter. Place the multi-size specimen group and the specimen: lift the top shear box 8 with a lifting device (not shown in the figure), and place the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen of the corresponding size according to the predetermined test plan, i.e., "100*100*150mm rectangular specimen, 18(1)-upper sample constraint unit, 18(4)-lower sample constraint unit, 100*100*100mm cube specimen, 18(1)-upper sample constraint unit, 18(2)-upper column sample constraint unit, 18(3)-normal column top constraint unit, The four combinations of 18(4)-lower sample constraint unit, 18(5)-lower column sample constraint unit and 18(6)-normal column sample bottom constraint unit, Φ50mm*50mm cylindrical specimen or 18(1)-upper sample constraint unit, 18(2)-upper column sample constraint unit, 18(4)-lower sample constraint unit, 18(5)-lower column sample constraint unit and Φ50mm*100mm cylindrical specimen are placed in the opening of the bottom shear box 19 and fit tightly with the drainage channel at the bottom of the opening of the bottom shear box 19. Install the shear box: Check whether the sliding bead 22 on the bottom shear box 19 is located in the groove, and put down the top shear box 8 to make close contact with the bottom shear box 19. Install the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen: The multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen upper plate are fixed by the upper specimen fixing top plate 9 opened in the middle of the right side of the top shear box 8 and the upper clamping bolt 9 (1), and the multi-size specimen group 18 and the specimen lower plate are fixed by the lower specimen fixing top plate 21 opened in the middle of the left side of the middle of the bottom shear box 19 and the lower clamping bolt 21 (1). Install the temperature cycler: The temperature cycler consisting of the "three-layer structure of the heat-conducting fixing plate, the heat-conducting channel and the heat-conducting pad 16 and the structure after the slide rail mechanism is assembled" is connected to the bottom shear box 19 through the fixing screws 15. Connect the heat conduction channel (in) 12 and the heat conduction channel (out) 13 in the temperature control device to the liquid pump through the heat conduction fixing plate respectively; place the fixed multi-size test piece group 18 and the test piece and the top shear box 8 and the bottom shear box 19 of the temperature circulation device on the ball row 23, select the corresponding size of the predetermined test design, install the multi-size normal pressure head, namely "normal column sample pressure head 1, normal square sample pressure head 2, normal rectangular sample pressure head (right) 3, water injection pressure head 5 and 7-normal rectangular sample pressure head (left)" through the special connecting bolt 4 and connect it to the normal loading device. Push the complete shear box into the loading device, connect it to the loading device through the multi-size normal pressure head and the lower connecting pressure head 20 to start the test.
[0047] (3) Conducting experiments Turn on the temperature cycle-seepage device; turn on the test machine and various measurement systems, and adjust the parameters such as loading mode, stress, temperature cycle and water pressure according to the established test plan. Record the shear stress and shear displacement through the test machine system; observe the law of shear displacement changing with time in the data acquisition system, and dynamically measure the following parameters: shear stress, shear displacement, normal stress, normal displacement.
[0048] (4) After the test is completed, follow the reverse order of step (2) to remove the broken rock blocks that have completed the test and clean the inside of the shear box before conducting a new round of tests according to the test steps.
[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes, comprising: Top shear box, bottom shear box; The openings of the top shear box and the bottom shear box are relatively connected and compressed in a detachable manner, and the groove of the top shear box and the groove of the bottom shear box together form a working area, characterized in that it also includes: a temperature circulation-seepage device; The working area is a structure with hollowed-out front and rear sides; The temperature cycle-seepage device comprises: a temperature cycle device and a seepage device; The temperature cycle device comprises: a front temperature cycle device and a rear temperature cycle device; The front temperature circulation device comprises: a front upper temperature circulation unit and a front lower temperature circulation unit; the front upper temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the top shear box opening by means of screw connection, and the front lower temperature circulation unit is arranged on the front side of the bottom shear box opening by means of screw connection; The rear temperature circulation device comprises: a rear upper temperature circulation unit and a rear lower temperature circulation unit; the rear upper temperature circulation unit is arranged at the rear side of the top shear box opening by means of screw connection, and the rear lower temperature circulation unit is arranged at the rear side of the bottom shear box opening by means of screw connection; A slide groove structure is provided between the front upper temperature circulation unit and the front lower temperature circulation unit, and between the rear upper temperature circulation unit and the rear lower temperature circulation unit, and the sliding direction of the slide groove structure is consistent with the relative displacement direction of the top shear box and the bottom shear box; The seepage device comprises: a water channel and a water injection pressure head; The water channel includes: a top water injection channel and a bottom drainage channel; the top water injection channel is three vertical and evenly distributed in a "one" shape and arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the normal pressure head and connected to the outside, and the bottom drainage channel is arranged in the center of the bottom shear box groove and connected to the outside; The water injection pressure head comprises: three water injection pressure heads; the water injection pressure heads are detachably arranged on the bottom surface of the multi-size normal pressure head; The water injection head is closely connected to the three top water injection channel outlets on the bottom surface of the multi-size normal pressure head, and the lower surface of the water injection head should be close to the shear surface of the multi-size specimen group and the specimen. The temperature cycle device and the seepage device are adjacent to the working area, and the outer surfaces of the multi-size specimen group and the specimens in the working area are fully surrounded by the top shear box, the bottom shear box, the temperature cycle device and the seepage device.
2. The shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the temperature cycle units comprises: a heat conduction pad, a heat conduction channel, and a heat conduction fixing plate; The heat conduction channels are arranged in the same plane at intervals between the heat conduction pad and the heat conduction fixing plate, and the front and back surfaces of each heat conduction channel are in close contact with the heat conduction pad and the heat conduction fixing plate respectively; The heat conduction channel contains heat conduction liquid, and the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat conduction channel are connected to the liquid pump; The thermal conductive pad faces the working area.
3. The shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Normal indenters of various sizes; The multi-size normal pressure head is detachably connected and arranged at the upper through hole of the top shear box; The multi-size normal indenters include: normal columnar indenters, normal square indenters, and normal rectangular indenters; Waterproof rubber strips are provided between the normal column-like pressure head, the normal square-like pressure head and the normal rectangular-like pressure head, which are tightly connected by four special connecting bolts to reduce the gaps in the normal pressure heads of various sizes and improve the sealing performance.
4. The shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Also included is a sliding device; The sliding device also includes: sliding balls and ball rows; the sliding balls are detachably arranged at the grooves of the contact surfaces of the top shear box and the bottom shear box, and the ball rows are detachably arranged below the bottom shear box.
5. The shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: Specimen fixture; The sample fixing device comprises: an upper sample fixing device and a lower sample fixing device; The upper sample fixing device comprises: an upper sample fixing top plate and an upper compression bolt; the upper sample fixing top plate is arranged on the right side of the top shear box in a screw connection manner, and the upper compression bolt is arranged in the right box body of the top shear box in a screw connection manner; The upper specimen fixing top plate is detachably connected and fixed to the top shear box with the upper compression bolts; The lower sample fixing device comprises: a lower sample fixing top plate and a lower compression bolt; the lower sample fixing top plate is arranged on the left side of the bottom shear box in a screw connection manner, and the lower compression bolt is arranged in the left box body of the bottom shear box in a screw connection manner; The lower specimen fixing top plate is detachably connected and fixed to the bottom shear box with the lower compression bolts.
6. The shear box for temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test simulating samples of multiple sizes and shapes as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: Connect the pressure head; The connecting pressure head comprises: an upper connecting pressure head and a lower connecting pressure head; The upper connecting pressure head is detachably arranged on the left side of the top shear box, and the upper connecting pressure head is an "I"-shaped structure that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle. The lower connecting pressure head is detachably arranged on the right side of the bottom shear box, and the lower connecting pressure head is an "I"-shaped structure that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle.
7. A shear box for simulating temperature cycle-seepage shear rheology test of samples of multiple sizes and shapes, comprising: Top shear box, bottom shear box; The openings of the top shear box and the bottom shear box are relatively connected and compressed in a detachable manner, and the groove of the top shear box and the groove of the bottom shear box together form a working area, characterized in that it also includes: a multi-size test piece group; The working area includes: a multi-size test piece group, a test specimen; The multi-size specimen group includes: a column-like constraint specimen and a square-like constraint specimen; the column-like constraint specimen and the square-like constraint specimen are arranged in the working area; the column-like constraint specimen is located inside the square-like constraint specimen and has an upper and lower double-layer structure, and a space is reserved between the upper and lower parts as a shear surface; The column-like constraint specimen comprises: a column-like constraint unit and a normal column-like constraint unit; after the column-like constraint unit and the normal column-like constraint unit are closed, a cylindrical cavity of Φ50mm*50mm is left inside for placing a minimum-size specimen; The column-like constraint unit comprises: an upper column-like constraint unit and a lower column-like constraint unit; the upper column-like constraint unit is composed of two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the top shear box, and the lower column-like constraint unit is composed of two parts, the middle openings of the two parts are detachably arranged in the central area inside the bottom shear box; The normal column-like constraint unit comprises: a normal column-like top constraint unit and a normal column-like bottom constraint unit; the normal column-like top constraint unit is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the upper column-like constraint unit and is provided with a water injection channel that passes through from top to bottom; the normal column-like bottom constraint unit is detachably arranged at the central through hole of the lower column-like constraint unit and is provided with a drainage channel that passes through from top to bottom; The square sample constraint test piece includes: an upper sample constraint unit and a lower sample constraint unit; the upper sample constraint unit is composed of two parts, left and right, and is detachably arranged on both sides of the upper column sample constraint unit, and the lower sample constraint unit is composed of two parts, left and right, and is detachably arranged on both sides of the lower column sample constraint unit; The upper-like constraint unit, the upper-column-like constraint unit, and the normal-column-like top constraint unit are arranged in the internal cavity of the top shear box and are tightly attached to the upper surface of the cavity; the lower-like constraint unit, the lower-column-like constraint unit, and the normal-column-like bottom constraint unit are arranged in the internal cavity of the bottom shear box and are tightly attached to the upper surface of the cavity.