Low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material, and a preparation method of key components and a high-entropy alloy nano material comprises the following steps: grinding cerous nitrate, ferric nitrate, manganous nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate into particles according to a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1: 1; then adding 10-20 times by mass of a 32% tannic acid solution and 5-8 times by mass of a 10% glutaraldehyde solution, carrying out an oil bath at 65-70 DEG C for a reaction for 4-8 h, then carrying out overnight vacuum freeze drying to obtain mixed powder, placing the mixed powder in a crucible of a muffle furnace, then calcining the mixed powder at 1000-1200 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen flow for 4-10 h, and finally cooling the calcined mixed powder to room temperature. And cooling. The prepared outer layer material for the cable overcomes the defects that a conventional cable easily releases a large amount of toxic smoke during combustion, is poor in flame retardant property and contains halogen to pollute the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flame-retardant cable materials, in particular to an outer layer material of a low-smoke flame-retardant cable. Background Art

[0002] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials are an important research direction in modern cable technology, especially in terms of safety and environmental protection. Traditional cable materials, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), release a lot of smoke and toxic gases when burning, which not only harms the human body but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, the development of low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials has become an urgent need in the cable industry.

[0003] The classification of the outer layer materials of low-smoke flame-retardant cables mainly includes flame-retardant cables, halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cables (LSOH), low-halogen low-smoke flame-retardant cables (LSF) and fire-resistant cables (FireResistant). The characteristic of flame-retardant cables is that they delay the spread of flames along the cables and prevent the fire from expanding. The characteristics of halogen-free low-smoke cables are that they not only have excellent flame-retardant properties, but also the materials that constitute low-smoke halogen-free cables do not contain halogens, have low corrosiveness and toxicity during combustion, and produce very little smoke. The hydrogen chloride release and smoke concentration indicators of low-halogen low-smoke flame-retardant cables are between those of flame-retardant cables and halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cables. Fire-resistant cables can maintain normal operation for a certain period of time under flame combustion conditions and maintain the integrity of the line. The development of the outer layer materials of low-smoke flame-retardant cables needs to consider many factors, including the flame retardancy of the materials, the density of smoke and the toxicity of the gas. The concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), the release of halogen acid (HCL), the corrosiveness of the gas, the smoke concentration, the toxicity of the gas and the heat release of CO converted to CO2 during the combustion of the cable are the main factors that determine whether people can safely leave the fire scene. Therefore, the development of low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials requires comprehensive consideration of these factors.

[0004] At present, the development of low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials is mainly focused on halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cables and low-halogen low-smoke flame-retardant cables. The materials of halogen-free low-smoke cables mainly include thermoplastic or thermosetting compounds. These materials are carefully formulated to not only effectively prevent the spread of flames, but also maintain their structural integrity under extreme conditions. The materials of low-halogen low-smoke flame-retardant cables mainly include polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the base material, and are processed with high-efficiency flame retardants, HCL absorbers and smoke suppressants.

[0005] The application fields of low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials are very wide, including construction, transportation, industry and other fields. In terms of safety and environmental protection, low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials have significant advantages. For example, in the construction field, low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials can reduce the risk of fire and protect the lives of personnel. In the transportation field, low smoke flame retardant cable outer layer materials can reduce the risk of fire and ensure the normal operation of the transportation system.

[0006] In summary, low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials are an important research direction in modern cable technology. The development of low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the flame retardancy of the material, the density of smoke and the toxicity of the gas. At present, the development of low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials is mainly focused on halogen-free low-smoke flame-retardant cables and low-halogen low-smoke flame-retardant cables. The application fields of low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials are very wide, including construction, transportation, industry and other fields. In terms of safety and environmental protection, low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer materials have significant advantages. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of conventional cables that they easily release a large amount of toxic smoke when burning, have poor flame retardant properties, and contain halogens that pollute the environment, the present invention provides a low-smoke flame retardant cable outer layer material. The material has the following characteristics:

[0008] Excellent flame retardancy: The use of special flame retardants can effectively prevent the spread of fire in case of fire, providing more time for escape and rescue.

[0009] Low smoke and low toxicity: The amount of smoke produced during combustion is extremely low, and no toxic gases are released, reducing the impact of fire on personal safety and the environment.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0012] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0013]

[0014] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0015] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0016]

[0017] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0018] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0022] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0023] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0024] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0025] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0026] Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles according to the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 10-20 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 5-8 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 65°C-70°C for 4h-8h, followed by vacuum freeze drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1000-1200°C for 4h-10h under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0027] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0028] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0029] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0030] The fluorine-containing acrylate is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 2-fluoromethyl acrylate, perfluoroalkylethyl acrylate or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0031] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0032] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0033] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol are homogenized by a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder are set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed is set to 280-350rpm.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0035] Analysis of chemical reactions between raw materials. For the preparation of high entropy alloy nanomaterials, the preparation process of high entropy alloy nanomaterials involves the mixing and reaction of multiple metal nitrates, including cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate. These metal nitrates react in tannic acid and glutaraldehyde solution by oil bath heating, followed by vacuum freeze drying and high-temperature calcination to finally form high entropy alloy nanomaterials. The preparation of fluorinated acrylic polymers involves the copolymerization of fluorinated monomers with other acrylic monomers. Commonly used fluorinated monomers include 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 2-fluoromethyl acrylate, perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate, etc. Polyethylene masterbatch is mixed with fluorinated acrylics, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and then melt-extruded and granulated by homogenization and twin-screw extruder to form a low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material.

[0036] The addition of high entropy alloy nanomaterials and fluorinated acrylates significantly improves the flame retardancy of the material. High entropy alloy nanomaterials have excellent thermal stability and flame retardancy, and can effectively prevent the spread of fire in the event of a fire. Fluorinated acrylates further improve the flame retardancy of the material through their unique chemical structure. The material produces extremely low amounts of smoke when burned, and does not release toxic gases, reducing the impact on personal safety and the environment during a fire. The synergistic effect of high entropy alloy nanomaterials and fluorinated acrylates significantly reduces the density of smoke produced by the material during combustion, and the light transmittance is as high as 88-92%. The addition of high entropy alloy nanomaterials significantly improves the mechanical properties of the material, including tensile strength and flexural strength. Test results show that the tensile strength of the embodiment containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials reaches 92-99MPa, and the flexural strength reaches 120-128MPa, which is much higher than 82-90MPa and 99-111MPa in the comparison method. High entropy alloy nanomaterials have excellent high temperature stability, allowing the material to maintain good mechanical properties and structural integrity in a high temperature environment. The heat deformation temperature of the embodiment reaches 218-227°C, which is significantly higher than 180-201°C in the comparison method. By optimizing the ratio of each component and the preparation process, the outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable shows excellent comprehensive performance in terms of flame retardancy, low smoke and low toxicity, mechanical properties and thermal stability, and is suitable for multiple fields such as construction, transportation, and industry, and has broad application prospects.

[0037] In summary, the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material provided by the present invention significantly improves the flame retardancy, low smoke and low toxicity, mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material by introducing high-entropy alloy nanomaterials and fluorine-containing acrylates, overcoming the shortcomings of conventional cable materials that are prone to release a large amount of toxic smoke when burned, have poor flame retardant properties and contain halogens to pollute the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the outer layer material prepared by the present invention applied to a cable.

[0039] Figure 2 It is an electron microscope image of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial prepared in implementation mode 5 of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 10. Cable; 11. Wire; 12. Insulation layer; 13. Outer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is described in more detail below in an exemplary manner.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0045] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0049] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0050] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0051] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0052] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0053] Cerium nitrate, ferric nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 10 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 8 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 65°C for 8 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1000°C for 10 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0054] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0055] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0056] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0057] The fluorine-containing acrylate is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0058] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0059] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0060] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized by a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 280rpm.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0063] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0067] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0068] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0069] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0070] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0071] Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 20 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 5 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 70°C for 4 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1200°C for 4 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0072] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0073] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0074] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0075] The fluorine-containing acrylate is methyl 2-fluoroacrylate.

[0076] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0077] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0078] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized using a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 350rpm.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0081] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0085] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0086] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0087] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0088] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0089] Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 12 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 7 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 66°C for 7 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1050°C for 9 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0090] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0091] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0092] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0093] The fluorine-containing acrylate is perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate.

[0094] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0095] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0096] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized using a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; the screw speed was set to 290rpm.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0099] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0100]

[0101] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0102] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0103] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0104] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0105] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0106] Cerium nitrate, ferric nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 18 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 6 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 68°C for 5 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1150°C for 5 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0107] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0108] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0109] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0110] The fluorine-containing acrylate is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

[0111] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0112] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0113] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized using a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 340rpm.

[0114] Example 5

[0115] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0116] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0117]

[0118] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0119] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0120] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0121] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0122] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0123] Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 15 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 7 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 68°C for 6 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1100°C for 8 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0124] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0125] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0126] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0127] The fluorine-containing acrylate is methyl 2-fluoroacrylate.

[0128] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0129] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0130] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized using a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 320rpm.

[0131] Comparative Example 1

[0132] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0133] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0134]

[0135] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0136] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0137] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3, average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0138] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0139] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0140] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0141] The fluorine-containing acrylate is methyl 2-fluoroacrylate.

[0142] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0143] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0144] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylic esters, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized by a homogenizer, and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 320rpm.

[0145] Comparative Example 2

[0146] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0147] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0148]

[0149] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0150] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0151] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0152] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0153] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0154] Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles in the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 15 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 7 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 68°C for 6 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1100°C for 8 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0155] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0156] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0157] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0158] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0159] Polyethylene masterbatch, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized by a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; the screw speed was set to 320rpm.

[0160] Comparative Example 3

[0161] Low smoke flame retardant cable outer material,

[0162] In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

[0163]

[0164] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0165] The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows:

[0166] Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

[0167] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0168] The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows:

[0169] Cerium nitrate and ferric nitrate are ground into microparticles in a ratio of 2:1, and then 15 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 7 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 68°C for 6 hours, followed by vacuum freeze-drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1100°C for 8 hours under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

[0170] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0171] The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

[0172] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0173] The fluorine-containing acrylate is methyl 2-fluoroacrylate.

[0174] The outer layer material of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable,

[0175] The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows:

[0176] Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol were homogenized using a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder were set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed was set to 320rpm.

[0177] The test method is as follows:

[0178] The prepared pellets were injection molded (Arburg Allrounder injection molding machine, injection pressure 28 MPa, injection speed 300 mm / s, holding pressure 80 MPa, melt temperature 230°C, cooling time 10 s) to prepare standard specimens for testing (the shape and size requirements of ISO 527-1 / -2 standards are met, and the specimen size example: total length 75 mm, gauge length 25 mm, width 5 mm, thickness 2 mm).

[0179] After testing, the performance parameters of implementation methods 1-6 and comparison methods 1-3 are as follows:

[0180] Embodiment 1: tensile strength 92MPa, bending strength 120MPa, heat deformation temperature 218°C, flame retardant UL-94V-0;

[0181] Embodiment 2: tensile strength 93MPa, bending strength 124MPa, heat deformation temperature 219°C, flame retardant UL-94V-0;

[0182] Embodiment 3: tensile strength 95MPa, bending strength 125MPa, heat deformation temperature 222°C, flame retardant UL-94V-0;

[0183] Embodiment 4: tensile strength 95MPa, bending strength 128MPa, heat deformation temperature 224°C, flame retardant UL-94V-0;

[0184] Embodiment 5: tensile strength 99MPa, bending strength 121MPa, heat deformation temperature 227°C, flame retardant UL-94V-0;

[0185] Comparison method 1: tensile strength 82MPa, bending strength 99MPa, heat deformation temperature 180℃, flame retardant UL-94V-2;

[0186] Comparison method 2: tensile strength 86MPa, bending strength 104MPa, heat deformation temperature 188℃, flame retardant UL-94V-1;

[0187] Comparison 3: Tensile strength 90MPa, flexural strength 111MPa, heat deformation temperature 201℃, flame retardant UL-94V-2.

[0188] In addition, for smoke density, testing was carried out with reference to the national standard "GB / T 17651.2-2021 Determination of smoke density of electrical cables or optical cables burning under specific conditions", and the results are as follows: the smoke density transmittances of implementation modes 1-5 are 88%, 89%, 90%, 90%, and 92%, respectively, and the smoke density transmittances of comparison methods 1-3 are 54%, 75%, and 67%, respectively.

[0189] In summary, the comparison method 1 lacks high entropy alloy nanomaterials. According to the information provided, the comparison method 1 lacks high entropy alloy nanomaterials, which will have the following effects on the cable performance:

[0190] Mechanical properties degradation:

[0191] High entropy alloy nanomaterials have excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength, high hardness and good plasticity. The lack of this material will lead to reduced tensile strength and bending strength of the cable. From the data, it can be seen that the tensile strength of comparison method 1 is 82MPa, which is significantly lower than the embodiment containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials (92-99MPa).

[0192] Reduced thermal stability:

[0193] High entropy alloys have excellent high temperature stability. Lack of high entropy alloy nanomaterials will reduce the heat resistance of the cable. The heat deformation temperature of Comparative Method 1 is only 180°C, which is much lower than the embodiment containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials (218-227°C).

[0194] Flame retardant properties decreased:

[0195] High entropy alloy nanomaterials can improve the flame retardant properties of materials. The lack of such materials results in the flame retardant rating of Comparative Method 1 being only UL-94V-2, while the embodiments containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials all reach UL-94V-0.

[0196] Smoke density increases:

[0197] High entropy alloy nanomaterials help reduce smoke density when materials burn. The smoke density transmittance of Comparative Method 1 is only 54%, which is much lower than the embodiment containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials (88-92%).

[0198] Microstructural changes:

[0199] High entropy alloy nanomaterials can form nanoscale dispersed phases in polymer matrices to enhance the overall performance of the material. The lack of such materials will lead to a decrease in the uniformity of the microstructure and affect the performance of various properties.

[0200] Lack of synergy:

[0201] High entropy alloy nanomaterials can produce synergistic effects with other components, such as improving flame retardancy with fluorinated acrylates. The lack of high entropy alloy nanomaterials will weaken this synergistic effect.

[0202] In summary, high entropy alloy nanomaterials play a key role in improving the mechanical properties, thermal stability, flame retardancy and reducing smoke density of cables. The lack of this material will lead to a significant decrease in the overall performance of the cable and fail to meet the requirements of Class B1 flame retardant cables. This also explains why the embodiments containing high entropy alloy nanomaterials can exhibit excellent comprehensive performance.

[0203] Comparative Method 2 lacks fluorinated acrylates. According to the information provided, Comparative Method 2 lacks fluorinated acrylates, which will have the following effects on cable performance:

[0204] Reduced flame retardancy:

[0205] Fluorinated acrylates are commonly used flame retardants in low-smoke flame-retardant cables. Their absence reduces the flame retardancy of the cables and increases the risk of fire.

[0206] Reduced heat resistance:

[0207] Fluorinated acrylates have high heat resistance and can improve the thermal stability of cables. Their absence leads to reduced heat resistance of cables, affecting their use in high temperature environments.

[0208] Reduced chemical stability:

[0209] Fluorinated acrylates have good chemical stability and can improve the corrosion resistance of cables. Their absence leads to reduced chemical stability of cables, affecting their use in corrosive environments.

[0210] Increased release of toxic gases:

[0211] Fluorinated acrylates can inhibit the release of toxic gases during combustion. Their absence leads to an increase in the release of toxic gases during combustion, affecting human health and environmental safety.

[0212] In summary, the lack of fluorinated acrylates in comparison method 2 leads to reduced flame retardancy, heat resistance and chemical stability of the cable, and increases the release of toxic gases during combustion. Therefore, fluorinated acrylates are an important component in the design and production of low-smoke flame-retardant cables.

[0213] Comparative method 3 lacks manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate in the high entropy alloy nanomaterials. According to the information provided, comparative method 3 lacks manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate in the high entropy alloy nanomaterials, which will have the following effects on the performance of the cable material:

[0214] Flame retardant performance decreases:

[0215] Manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are important components of high entropy alloy nanomaterials, which can improve the flame retardancy of the material. The lack of these components will lead to a decrease in the flame retardancy of the material.

[0216] Heat resistance decreased:

[0217] High entropy alloy nanomaterials have excellent heat resistance. The lack of manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate will cause the heat resistance of the material to decrease.

[0218] Mechanical performance degradation:

[0219] High entropy alloy nanomaterials can improve the mechanical properties of materials, such as tensile strength and flexural strength. The lack of manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate will lead to a decrease in the mechanical properties of the material.

[0220] Smoke density increases:

[0221] High entropy alloy nanomaterials can reduce the smoke density when the material is burned. The lack of manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate will lead to an increase in smoke density.

[0222] Lack of synergy:

[0223] The various components in high-entropy alloy nanomaterials can produce a synergistic effect. The lack of manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate will lead to the loss of this synergistic effect, thereby affecting the overall performance of the material.

[0224] In summary, the lack of manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate in the high-entropy alloy nanomaterials in comparison method 3 will lead to a decrease in the flame retardancy, heat resistance, mechanical properties and smoke density of the cable material, thereby affecting its performance in practical applications.

[0225] At the same time Figure 1 As shown, it shows the structural principle diagram of the outer layer material prepared by the present invention applied to the actual production of cable products. It can be seen that for cable 10, conductor 11 is located at the center, the outer layer of conductor 101 is insulating layer 12, and the outer layer 13 of insulating layer 12 is the outer layer material prepared by us (prepared in embodiment 5). This product was tested and implemented in a power engineering business in Hunan Province (Xiang C No. XXX85 Project), in which conductor 11 is made of oxygen-free copper wire, and insulating layer 12 is cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) material, and the effect is good.

[0226] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, it shows the structure of the core material high entropy alloy nanomaterial (prepared in embodiment 5) of the present invention.

[0227] The applicant declares that the present invention is explained by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the raw materials selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material, characterized by: In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

2. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

3. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In parts by weight, the following raw materials are included:

4. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performance parameters of the polyethylene masterbatch are as follows: Average density: 0.940g / cm 3 , average yield strength: 8.60MPa, melting point: 102-115℃.

5. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the high entropy alloy nanomaterial is as follows: Cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, manganese nitrate, sodium hexahydroxyplatinate and copper nitrate are ground into microparticles according to the ratio of 2:1:1:1:1, and then 10-20 times the mass of 32% tannic acid solution and 5-8 times the mass of 10% glutaraldehyde solution are added, and the mixture is reacted in an oil bath at 65°C-70°C for 4h-8h, followed by vacuum freeze drying overnight to obtain a mixed powder, which is placed in a crucible of a muffle furnace, and then calcined at 1000-1200°C for 4h-10h under the protection of a nitrogen flow, and then cooled.

6. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the glass fiber is 5-10um and the length is 2-5mm.

7. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluorine-containing acrylate is 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 2-fluoromethyl acrylate, perfluoroalkylethyl acrylate or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate.

8. The low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the low-smoke flame-retardant cable outer layer material is as follows: Polyethylene masterbatch, fluorinated acrylates, high entropy alloy nanomaterials, glass fiber, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol are homogenized by a homogenizer and then placed in a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion and granulation, wherein the temperatures of zones 1 to 8 of the twin-screw extruder are set to 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 180°C, 170°C, 160°C and 150°C, respectively; and the screw speed is set to 280-350rpm.

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