Optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and the invention relates to the technical field of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. By fixing a target plate and using a plurality of reflectors to guide a laser beam, the mechanical error and vibration caused by the movement of the target plate can be significantly reduced, and the position of the target plate can be prevented from being offset, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the experiment. Since the target plate is fixed, the wear and failure caused by moving the target plate are reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and frequency of the equipment; by quickly switching the positions of a plurality of reflector assemblies, the reflector assemblies with different preset angles can be placed at a position relative to a laser generator, thereby realizing the rapid guidance of the laser beam to a spotting area at a corresponding position of the target plate without moving a bulky target plate, greatly improving the efficiency of the detection, especially when analyzing samples and matrices in a plurality of spotting areas, the effect is more significant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometers, in particular to an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Background Art

[0002] In the matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, a high-intensity pulsed laser is emitted by a precise laser, which directly acts on the carefully prepared sample target. The instantaneous high-energy effect causes the molecules or particles in the sample to obtain enough energy, dissociate and release ions. Due to their unique mass-to-charge ratios, these ions show different movement speeds in the subsequent flight process through the ion channel. Through a highly sensitive detector, it can capture and record the time required for each ion to fly over a specific distance, forming a unique ion flight map, which contains important information about the sample composition.

[0003] The optical path structure of matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer is mainly composed of laser source, optical path transmission system, focusing system, and sample-matrix interaction area. These mechanisms work closely together to complete the ionization process of the sample and then realize mass spectrometry analysis;

[0004] The reflector in the optical transmission system is used to adjust the direction of the laser beam and stably transmit the laser beam from the laser to the sample target plate to ensure that the detection object on the target plate can obtain sufficient energy.

[0005] The optical path system suitable for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer disclosed in the patent application with reference publication number CN109712862A forms a high-definition image on the operation interface by making maximum use of the light emitted by the laser system, which is convenient for users to observe the state of the sample target in real time and is easy to operate. The CCD imaging device and the laser position regulator are respectively arranged vertically downward on the top wall of the ion source chamber, or horizontally on the two opposite side walls of the ion source chamber, which solves the shortcomings of the existing installation on the ion source chamber body at a certain angle, conforms to the principle of ergonomics, greatly facilitates the actual installation and debugging, and maximizes the user experience.

[0006] A comprehensive analysis of the above patents reveals the following defects:

[0007] The current matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer needs to use a mechanical transmission structure to move the target plate during sample analysis so that the laser can be sequentially irradiated to different spot areas on the target plate. However, each spot area on the target plate is a position coordinate, and the mechanical transmission structure needs to adjust the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the target plate in sequence each time to ensure that the corresponding spot area on the target plate corresponds to the laser beam irradiation position, which results in a time-consuming adjustment process. In addition, for multiple spot areas on the same target plate, the target plate needs to be adjusted for multiple times, resulting in low detection efficiency.

[0008] Secondly, after long-term testing, the mechanical transmission structure will gradually produce tiny mechanical vibrations during the transmission process due to wear, causing the position of the target plate to shift, resulting in the laser being unable to accurately irradiate the predetermined spot area and the sample being unable to be effectively ionized, thus affecting the quality of the mass spectrum and the accuracy of data analysis.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention proposes an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, which solves the problem that each spotting area on the target plate is a position coordinate, and each time the mechanical transmission structure needs to adjust the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the target plate in sequence to ensure that the corresponding spotting area on the target plate corresponds to the laser beam irradiation position, resulting in a long adjustment process. For multiple spotting areas on the same target plate, it is necessary to perform multiple coordinate position adjustment operations on the target plate, resulting in low detection efficiency.

[0011] After long-term testing, the mechanical transmission structure will gradually produce tiny mechanical vibrations during the transmission process due to wear, causing the position of the target plate to shift, resulting in the laser being unable to accurately irradiate the predetermined spot area, causing the sample to be unable to be effectively ionized, affecting the quality of the mass spectrum and the accuracy of data analysis.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, including a mounting base, and the optical path structure of the matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer also includes:

[0013] A laser generator is fixedly arranged on one side of the top of the mounting base, and is used to emit a high-energy laser beam to complete energy transfer between the sample and the matrix molecules and sample excitation, and promote ionization of the sample molecules;

[0014] A controller, which is arranged at one side of the laser generator and is used to control the laser emission process of the laser generator;

[0015] A sample target plate, which is arranged in front of the laser generator and is used to carry a mixture of a sample and a matrix to be detected;

[0016] The laser direction adjustment mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting base through a support frame, and is used to adjust the irradiation direction of the laser emitted by the laser generator, guide the laser to the spotting areas at different positions on the surface of the sample target plate in turn, transfer the energy to the sample and matrix molecules, complete the ionization process of the sample molecules, and simultaneously complete the self-cleaning operation of the optical path structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the laser direction adjustment mechanism includes a protective cover, a servo motor fixedly arranged on the back side of the protective cover, and a baffle detachably arranged on the front side of the protective cover. A circular bearing seat is rotatably arranged inside the protective cover, and a gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the circular bearing seat. A plurality of mirror assemblies for reflecting lasers to change the direction of laser irradiation are evenly arranged on the side wall of the circular bearing seat close to the baffle. A dust removal mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle and at a position corresponding to each mirror assembly, which is used to absorb dust on the surface of the mirror assembly to keep the surface of the mirror assembly always in a clean state. An isolation cover for protecting the dust removal mechanism is detachably arranged on the outer wall of the baffle.

[0018] Furthermore, the reflector assembly includes an upper arc frame and a lower arc frame which are arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction, and the upper arc frame and the lower arc frame are fixed on the side wall of the circular supporting seat through a mounting frame, and an angle adjustment component one and an angle adjustment component two are respectively arranged in the middle position of the upper arc frame and the lower arc frame, and the angle adjustment component two is located inside the angle adjustment component one, and a reflector is arranged inside the angle adjustment component two, and the angle adjustment component one and the angle adjustment component two are both used to adjust the angle of the reflector relative to the laser generator.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle adjustment component 1 includes an outer mirror frame that is rotatably arranged between the relative inner walls of the upper arc frame and the lower arc frame through a rotating shaft 1 and a rotating shaft 2, the top end of the rotating shaft 1 rotates through the upper arc frame and is provided with an angle display component 1 for displaying its rotation angle, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 2 rotates through the lower arc frame and is provided with a locking component 1 for limiting the rotation angle of the outer mirror frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the angle adjustment component 2 includes an inner lens frame that is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the outer lens frame through a rotating shaft 3 and a rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 3 rotates through the outer lens frame and is provided with an angle display component 2 for displaying its rotation angle, and the rotating shaft 4 rotates through the outer lens frame and is provided with a locking component 2 for limiting the rotation angle of the inner lens frame.

[0021] Furthermore, the structures of the corner display component 1 and the corner display component 2 are exactly the same. The corner display component 1 includes a protractor fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the upper arc frame. A rotating shaft runs through the internal rotation of the protractor. A pointer is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft and located on the top of the protractor. The bottom end of the rotating shaft and the top end of the rotating shaft 1 are connected by welding.

[0022] Furthermore, the structures of the locking component 1 and the locking component 2 are exactly the same, the locking component 1 includes a cylinder fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower arc frame and a cover plate detachably arranged at one end of the cylinder, a transmission shaft 1 is rotated inside the cylinder, a gear 1 is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 1 and located inside the cylinder, a strong magnet block 1 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder close to the transmission shaft 1, a limiting sleeve is slidably arranged inside the cylinder and located outside the gear 1, a pull rod is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the limiting sleeve away from the gear 1, the pull rod slides through the cover plate and extends to the outside, a strong magnet block 2 used in conjunction with the strong magnet block 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the limiting sleeve, and the transmission shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are fixedly connected.

[0023] Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism includes a dust collecting barrel detachably provided on the outer wall of the baffle by bolts and a plurality of exhaust ports evenly provided on the side wall of the dust collecting barrel, a filter plate is fixedly provided inside the dust collecting barrel, a transmission shaft 2 is rotatably penetrated inside the filter plate, a turbofan is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 2 and between the side wall of the dust collecting barrel and the filter plate, a dust collecting pipe is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the dust collecting barrel and on one side of the filter plate, a dust collecting cover is fixedly provided at one end of the dust collecting pipe away from the dust collecting barrel and inside the protective cover, a dust exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the dust collecting barrel and on one side of the filter plate, a sealing plug is detachably provided inside the dust exhaust port, and a speed changing mechanism for driving the transmission shaft 2 to rotate is provided on one side of the dust collecting barrel.

[0024] Furthermore, the speed change mechanism includes a transmission fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the baffle, a second gear meshingly connected to the gear ring is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission, and an output shaft of the transmission is connected to the second transmission shaft.

[0025] The present invention provides an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. An optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer can significantly reduce mechanical errors and vibrations caused by the movement of the target plate by fixing a target plate and using multiple reflectors to guide the laser beam, thereby avoiding the position of the target plate from being offset, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the experiment. Since the target plate is fixed, the wear and failure caused by moving the target plate are reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost and frequency of the equipment; the angle of each reflector is pre-set, and the reflection path and landing point of the laser beam can be accurately controlled to ensure that the laser beam can accurately irradiate the designated spotting area on the target plate; by quickly switching the positions of multiple reflector assemblies, the reflector assemblies with different preset angles can be placed at a position relative to a laser generator, thereby realizing rapid guidance of the laser beam to the spotting area at the corresponding position of the target plate without moving the bulky target plate, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of detection, especially when analyzing samples and matrices in multiple spotting areas, the effect is more significant.

[0027] 2. An optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, by setting an angle display component 1 and an angle display component 2, can ensure the accuracy of the adjustment angle when adjusting the angle of the reflector, ensure that the final adjustment angle of the reflector is consistent with the preset angle, and at the same time can more intuitively observe the angle change of the reflector; secondly, through the locking component 1 and the locking component 2, the unlocking of the reflector during adjustment and the re-locking after adjustment can be quickly completed, making the adjustment process of the reflector faster and more convenient.

[0028] 3. An optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, by providing a dust removal mechanism, can drive gear 2 to rotate while the circular bearing seat drives the mirror assembly to operate, thereby providing power for the rotation of the turbofan, so that negative pressure is generated near the dust cover, thereby achieving the effect of extracting dust on the surface of the mirror assembly passing near the dust cover, thereby achieving the purpose of self-cleaning of the mirror assembly; secondly, the rotation of the turbofan is driven by the power when the circular bearing seat rotates, and there is no need to set up a separate power device for the turbofan, thereby saving the cost of setting up a power device and facilitating subsequent inspection and maintenance work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure inside the protective cover of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in FIG.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure inside the protective cover of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflector assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C in FIG.

[0036] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 The D part in the figure is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a locking assembly of the present invention in a disassembled state;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limit sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.12 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dust removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1, laser generator; 2, controller; 3, sample target plate; 4, support frame; 5, protective cover; 6, servo motor; 7, baffle; 8, circular bearing seat; 9, gear ring; 10, reflector assembly; 101, upper arc frame; 102, lower arc frame; 103, outer mirror frame; 104, angle display assembly 1; 1041, protractor; 1042, shaft; 1043, pointer; 105, locking assembly 1; 1051, cylinder; 1052, transmission shaft 1; 1053, gear 1; 105 4. Powerful magnet block one; 1055. Limit sleeve; 1056. Pull rod; 1057. Powerful magnet block two; 1058. Limit gear ring; 106. Inner mirror frame; 107. Corner display component two; 108. Locking component two; 109. Reflector; 11. Dust removal mechanism; 111. Dust collecting cylinder; 112. Filter plate; 113. Transmission shaft two; 114. Turbofan; 115. Dust collecting pipe; 116. Dust collecting cover; 117. Transmission; 118. Gear two; 119. Dust exhaust port; 12. Isolation cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides three technical solutions: an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, specifically including the following embodiments:

[0044] Embodiment 1: An optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer includes a mounting base, and an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer also includes:

[0045] The laser generator 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the top of the mounting base, and is used to emit a high-energy laser beam to complete the energy transfer between the sample and the matrix molecules and the sample excitation, and promote the ionization of the sample molecules;

[0046] A controller 2, which is arranged at one side of the laser generator 1 and is used to control the laser emission process of the laser generator 1;

[0047] A sample target plate 3, which is arranged in front of the laser generator 1 and is used to carry a sample and matrix mixture to be detected;

[0048] The laser direction adjustment mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting base through the support frame 4, and is used to adjust the irradiation direction of the laser emitted by the laser generator 1, and guide the laser to the spotting areas at different positions on the surface of the sample target plate 3 in sequence, transfer the energy to the sample and matrix molecules, complete the ionization process of the sample molecules, and simultaneously complete the self-cleaning operation of the optical path structure. The controller 2, the sample target plate 3, and the support frame 4 are all installed on the top of the mounting base.

[0049] The laser direction adjustment mechanism includes a protective cover 5, a servo motor 6 fixedly arranged on the back of the protective cover 5, and a baffle 7 detachably arranged on the front of the protective cover 5. A circular bearing seat 8 is rotatably arranged inside the protective cover 5. A gear ring 9 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the circular bearing seat 8. A plurality of reflector assemblies 10 for reflecting laser light to change the direction of laser irradiation are evenly arranged on the side wall of the circular bearing seat 8 close to the baffle 7. A dust removal mechanism 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle 7 and at a position corresponding to each reflector assembly 10, which is used to absorb dust on the surface of the reflector assembly 10 and keep the surface of the reflector assembly 10 always in a clean state. An isolation cover 12 for protecting the dust removal mechanism 11 is detachably arranged on the outer wall of the baffle 7. The output shaft of the servo motor 6 rotates through the protective cover 5 and is fixedly connected to the circular bearing seat 8; a plurality of exhaust ports are evenly opened on the outer wall of the isolation cover 12 for exhausting the dust removal mechanism 11 during operation. The setting angles of the multiple mirror assemblies 10 are different. The mirror assembly 10 at each position corresponds to a spotting area at the top position of the sample target plate 3. The laser reflection group composed of the multiple mirror assemblies 10 can reflect the laser emitted each time in sequence in the spotting area at the corresponding position on the top of the sample target plate 3.

[0050] Embodiment 2: The main difference between this embodiment and the first technical solution is: an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the reflector assembly 10 includes an upper arc frame 101 and a lower arc frame 102 which are arranged opposite to each other in an upper and lower direction, and the upper arc frame 101 and the lower arc frame 102 are both fixed on the side wall of the circular supporting seat 8 through a mounting frame, and an angle adjustment assembly 1 and an angle adjustment assembly 2 are respectively arranged in the middle position of the upper arc frame 101 and the lower arc frame 102, and the angle adjustment assembly 2 is located inside the angle adjustment assembly 1, and a reflector 109 is arranged inside the angle adjustment assembly 2, and the angle adjustment assembly 1 and the angle adjustment assembly 2 are both used to adjust the angle of the reflector 109 relative to the laser generator 1.

[0051] The angle adjustment component 1 includes an outer lens frame 103 that is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the upper arc frame 101 and the lower arc frame 102 through the rotation shaft 1 and the rotation shaft 2. The top end of the rotation shaft 1 rotates through the upper arc frame 101 and is provided with an angle display component 104 for displaying its rotation angle. The bottom end of the rotation shaft 2 rotates through the lower arc frame 102 and is provided with a locking component 105 for limiting the rotation angle of the outer lens frame 103. The top end of the rotation shaft 1 is fixedly arranged at the top of the outer lens frame 103, and the top end of the rotation shaft 1 rotates through the outer lens frame 103 and extends to the outside. The rotation shaft 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer lens frame 103, and the bottom end of the rotation shaft 2 rotates through the outer lens frame 103 and extends to the outside. The reflector 109 is fixedly arranged inside the inner lens frame 106.

[0052] Angle adjustment component 2 includes an inner lens frame 106 which is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the outer lens frame 103 through a rotation shaft 3 and a rotation shaft 4. The rotation shaft 3 rotates through the outer lens frame 103 and is provided with an angle display component 2 107 for displaying its rotation angle. The rotation shaft 4 rotates through the outer lens frame 103 and is provided with a locking component 2 108 for limiting the rotation angle of the inner lens frame 106.

[0053] The structures of the corner display component 104 and the corner display component 2 107 are exactly the same. The corner display component 104 includes a protractor 1041 fixedly set on the outer wall of the upper arc frame 101. A rotating shaft 1042 runs through the inner rotation of the protractor 1041. A pointer 1043 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 1042 and located at the top of the protractor 1041. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 1042 and the top end of the rotating shaft 1 are connected by welding. The rotating shaft 1042 and the rotating shaft 3 in the corner display component 2 107 are fixedly connected, and the protractor 1041 inside the corner display component 2 107 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer mirror frame 103; the protractor 1041 includes a circular base and a plurality of scale line grooves evenly arranged on the top of the circular base, and the scale line grooves are used to cooperate with the pointer 1043 to display the position of the pointer 1043.

[0054] The structures of the locking assembly 105 and the locking assembly 2 108 are completely the same. The locking assembly 105 includes a cylinder 1051 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower arc frame 102 and a cover plate detachably arranged at one end of the cylinder 1051. A transmission shaft 1052 is rotated through the cylinder 1051. A gear 1053 is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 1052 and located inside the cylinder 1051. A gear 1053 is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder 1051 near the transmission shaft 1052. A strong magnet block 1054 is provided, and a limit sleeve 1055 is slidably provided inside the cylinder 1051 and outside the gear 1053. A pull rod 1056 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the limit sleeve 1055 away from the gear 1053. The pull rod 1056 slides through the cover plate and extends to the outside. A strong magnet block 2 1057 used in conjunction with the strong magnet block 1054 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the limit sleeve 1055. The transmission shaft 1052 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2. The pull rod 1056 is a hexagonal prism, and a limit hole matching it is provided on the cover plate. The hexagonal prism can only slide relative to the limit hole but cannot rotate relative to it. The cylinder 1051 in the locking component 2 108 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the outer mirror frame 103. When the limiting sleeve 1055 is sleeved on the outer wall of the gear 1 1053, the teeth on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 1055 and the teeth on the outer wall of the gear 1 1053 mesh with each other, and the gear 1 1053 cannot rotate. The strong magnet block 1 1054 and the strong magnet block 2 1057 are connected by magnetic attraction.

[0055] Embodiment 3: The main difference between this embodiment and the second technical solution is: an optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the dust removal mechanism 11 includes a dust collecting barrel 111 detachably arranged on the outer wall of the baffle 7 by bolts and a plurality of exhaust ports evenly arranged on the side wall of the dust collecting barrel 111, a filter plate 112 is fixedly arranged inside the dust collecting barrel 111, a transmission shaft 113 is rotated inside the filter plate 112 and penetrates, and the outer wall of the transmission shaft 113 and the side wall of the dust collecting barrel 111 and the exhaust port 112 are fixedly arranged inside the dust collecting barrel 111, and the filter plate 112 is rotated inside the filter plate 112 and penetrates the inner wall of the filter plate 112. A turbofan 114 is fixedly sleeved between the filter plates 112, a dust collecting pipe 115 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the dust collecting cylinder 111 and on one side of the filter plate 112, a dust collecting cover 116 is fixedly arranged at one end of the dust collecting pipe 115 away from the dust collecting cylinder 111 and inside the protective cover 5, a dust exhaust port 119 is provided at the bottom of the dust collecting cylinder 111 and on one side of the filter plate 112, a sealing plug is detachably arranged inside the dust exhaust port 119, and a speed change mechanism for driving the transmission shaft 2 113 to rotate is provided on one side of the dust collecting cylinder 111.

[0056] The speed change mechanism includes a transmission 117 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the baffle 7, a gear 2 118 meshingly connected with the gear ring 9 is fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission 117, and the output shaft of the transmission 117 is connected with the transmission shaft 2 113. A hexagonal assembly head is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 2 113 away from the dust collecting cylinder 111, and an assembly sleeve that matches the hexagonal assembly head structure is fixedly arranged at the end of the output shaft of the transmission 117. The hexagonal assembly head is slidably arranged in the assembly sleeve, and when the dust collecting cylinder 111 is installed on the outer wall of the baffle 7, the hexagonal assembly head is assembled into the assembly sleeve at the same time. The dust collecting cover 116 is located in front of the reflector assembly 10. When the reflector assembly 10 rotates with the protective cover 5, the dust collecting cover 116 will meet the reflector assembly 10, and the dust suction port of the dust collecting cover 116 is opposite to the reflector 109.

[0057] When in use, firstly place the sample target plate 3 on which the test object has been placed at a preset position on the top of the mounting base, the angles of the multiple reflector assemblies 10 have been determined in the debugging stage, and one of the reflector assemblies 10 is opposite to the laser emitting end of the laser generator 1 in the initial state, and the reflector assembly 10 can reflect the laser to one of the spotting areas on the top of the laser generator 1, and the multiple reflector assemblies 10 arranged in sequence from the position of the reflector assembly 10 to the back correspond to a spotting area on the top of the sample target plate 3 respectively;

[0058] When the laser generator 1 is turned on, the servo motor 6 is synchronously started to drive the circular bearing seat 8 to rotate rapidly and uniformly. At the same time, the laser generator 1 is controlled by the controller 2 to intermittently emit a laser beam. The interval time between each two laser beam emissions corresponds to the rotation alternation time of two adjacent reflector assemblies 10, so that the reflectors 109 in the multiple reflector assemblies 10 can sequentially guide the laser beam from the spotting area at the initial position on the top of the sample target plate 3 to the last spotting area to emit the laser beam, thereby giving energy to the matrix and the test object in the spotting area.

[0059] When the circular bearing seat 8 rotates, the gear ring 9 is driven to rotate. Since the gear ring 9 and the second gear 118 are meshed and connected, the second gear 118 rotates under the drive of the gear ring 9. The low speed is accelerated by the transmission 117 and then the transmission shaft 113 is driven to rotate at a high speed. The turbofan 114 draws air from the dust cover 116 under high-speed rotation, and discharges it through the exhaust port of the dust collecting tube 111 close to the turbofan 114. Since the air near the dust collecting tube 116 is quickly drawn away, a negative pressure state is formed near it. When the reflector assembly 10 passes near the air inlet of the dust collecting tube 116, the dust attached to the surface of the reflector 109 is drawn away under the action of the negative pressure, and enters the side of the dust collecting tube 111 away from the turbofan 114 through the dust collecting tube 115. The air containing the dust is filtered by the filter plate 112 and discharged through the exhaust port.

[0060] When the angle of the reflector 109 needs to be adjusted from a preset angle to a specified angle, the position lock of the outer mirror frame 103 is first released. The specific operation of releasing the lock is: manually pull the pull rod 1056 away from the cylinder 1051. When the pulling force is greater than the magnetic force between the strong magnet block 1054 and the strong magnet block 2 1057, the limiting sleeve 1055 slides outward along the inner wall of the cylinder 1051, and at the same time, the limiting gear ring 1058 and the gear 1 1053 are disengaged and no longer meshed. At this time, the outer mirror frame 103 is rotated around the rotating shaft 1 and the rotating shaft 2. The lens frame 103, since the rotating shaft 1042 is connected to the rotating shaft 1, the rotating angle of the outer lens frame 103 is judged by observing the rotating angle of the pointer 1043 at the top of the protractor 1041 until it is adjusted to a specified angle, and then the pull rod 1056 is pushed into the cylinder 1051 until the limiting sleeve 1055 moves to the limit position in the cylinder 1051, that is, the limiting sleeve 1055 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1051 are against each other, and at this time, the strong magnet block 1054 and the strong magnet block 1054 are attracted by magnetic force again;

[0061] Then, the position lock of the inner mirror frame 106 is released. Releasing the position lock of the inner mirror frame 106 means unlocking the position of the locking component 2 108. Since the structure of the locking component 2 108 is exactly the same as that of the locking component 1 05, the unlocking operation process of the two is also the same, which will not be described in detail here. After releasing the position lock of the inner mirror frame 106, the inner mirror frame 106 is pushed to rotate a certain angle around the rotation axis 3 and the rotation axis 4, and the rotation angle change of the inner mirror frame 106 is observed with the help of the corner display component 2 107. Since the structure of the corner display component 2 107 is exactly the same as that of the corner display component 1 04, the indication function of the angle adjustment of the inner mirror frame 106 is the same as that of the corner display component 104. Therefore, the specific working process of the corner display component 2 107 will not be described in detail here. After the angle adjustment is completed, the position of the inner mirror frame 106 is locked again with the help of the locking component 2 108. After two angle adjustments, the reflector 109 can guide the laser beam to the specified position according to the preset requirements.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, comprising a mounting base, characterized in that: The optical path structure of the matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer also includes: A laser generator (1) is fixedly arranged on one side of the top of the mounting base and is used to emit a high-energy laser beam to complete energy transfer between the sample and the matrix molecules and sample excitation, thereby promoting ionization of the sample molecules; A controller (2), which is arranged on one side of the laser generator (1) and is used to control the laser emission process of the laser generator (1); A sample target plate (3), which is arranged directly in front of the laser generator (1) and is used to carry a mixture of a sample and a matrix to be detected; A laser direction adjustment mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting base via a support frame (4) and is used to adjust the irradiation direction of the laser emitted by the laser generator (1), guide the laser to the spotting areas at different positions on the surface of the sample target plate (3) in sequence, transfer energy to the sample and matrix molecules, complete the ionization process of the sample molecules, and simultaneously complete the self-cleaning operation of the optical path structure; The laser direction adjustment mechanism comprises a protective cover (5), a servo motor (6) fixedly arranged on the back of the protective cover (5), and a baffle (7) detachably arranged on the front of the protective cover (5); a circular bearing seat (8) is rotatably arranged inside the protective cover (5); a gear ring (9) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the circular bearing seat (8); a plurality of reflector assemblies (10) for reflecting laser light to change the direction of laser irradiation are evenly arranged on the side wall of the circular bearing seat (8) close to the baffle (7); a dust removal mechanism (11) is arranged on the outer wall of the baffle (7) and at a position corresponding to each reflector assembly (10) for absorbing dust on the surface of the reflector assembly (10) to keep the surface of the reflector assembly (10) always in a clean state; and an isolation cover (12) for protecting the dust removal mechanism (11) is detachably arranged on the outer wall of the baffle (7); The reflector assembly (10) comprises an upper arc frame (101) and a lower arc frame (102) which are arranged in an upper and lower manner, and the upper arc frame (101) and the lower arc frame (102) are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the circular bearing seat (8) via a mounting frame. An angle adjustment assembly 1 and an angle adjustment assembly 2 are respectively arranged in the middle of the upper arc frame (101) and the lower arc frame (102). The angle adjustment assembly 2 is located inside the angle adjustment assembly 1. A reflector (109) is arranged inside the angle adjustment assembly 2. The angle adjustment assembly 1 and the angle adjustment assembly 2 are both used to adjust the angle of the reflector (109) relative to the laser generator (1); The dust removal mechanism (11) comprises a dust collecting barrel (111) detachably mounted on the outer wall of the baffle plate (7) by means of bolts and a plurality of exhaust ports evenly arranged on the side wall of the dust collecting barrel (111); a filter plate (112) is fixedly mounted inside the dust collecting barrel (111); a second transmission shaft (113) is rotatably penetrated inside the filter plate (112); a turbofan (114) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft (113) and located between the side wall of the dust collecting barrel (111) and the filter plate (112); the dust collecting barrel (111) ) and is located on one side of the filter plate (112), a dust collecting pipe (115) is fixedly arranged; a dust collecting cover (116) is fixedly arranged at one end of the dust collecting pipe (115) away from the dust collecting cylinder (111) and located inside the protective cover (5); a dust discharge port (119) is provided at the bottom of the dust collecting cylinder (111) and is located on one side of the filter plate (112); a sealing plug is detachably arranged inside the dust discharge port (119); and a speed change mechanism for driving the second transmission shaft (113) to rotate is provided on one side of the dust collecting cylinder (111).

2. The optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment component 1 comprises an outer lens frame (103) which is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the upper arc frame (101) and the lower arc frame (102) via a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, the top end of the first rotating shaft rotatingly passes through the upper arc frame (101) and is provided with an angle display component 1 (104) for displaying its rotation angle, and the bottom end of the second rotating shaft rotatingly passes through the lower arc frame (102) and is provided with a locking component 1 (105) for limiting the rotation angle of the outer lens frame (103).

3. The optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment component 2 comprises an inner lens frame (106) which is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the outer lens frame (103) via a rotation shaft 3 and a rotation shaft 4; the rotation shaft 3 rotates through the outer lens frame (103) and is provided with an angle display component 2 (107) for displaying its rotation angle; the rotation shaft 4 rotates through the outer lens frame (103) and is provided with a locking component 2 (108) for limiting the rotation angle of the inner lens frame (106).

4. The optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structures of the corner display component 1 (104) and the corner display component 2 (107) are completely the same. The corner display component 1 (104) comprises a protractor (1041) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the upper arc frame (101), a rotating shaft (1042) passing through the inner rotation of the protractor (1041), a pointer (1043) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (1042) and located at the top of the protractor (1041), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (1042) and the top end of the rotating shaft 1 are connected by welding.

5. The optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structures of the locking assembly 1 (105) and the locking assembly 2 (108) are completely the same. The locking assembly 1 (105) comprises a cylinder (1051) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower arc frame (102) and a cover plate detachably arranged at one end of the cylinder (1051). A transmission shaft 1 (1052) is rotatably penetrated inside the cylinder (1051). A gear 1 (1053) is fixedly arranged at one end of the transmission shaft 1 (1052) and located inside the cylinder (1051). The cylinder (1051) has an inner wall close to the transmission shaft 1 (1052). A strong magnet block 1 (1054) is fixedly arranged, a limit sleeve (1055) is slidably arranged inside the cylinder (1051) and outside the gear 1 (1053), a pull rod (1056) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the limit sleeve (1055) away from the gear 1 (1053), and the pull rod (1056) slides through the cover plate and extends to the outside, a strong magnet block 2 (1057) used in conjunction with the strong magnet block 1 (1054) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the limit sleeve (1055), and the transmission shaft 1 (1052) and the rotating shaft 2 are fixedly connected.

6. The optical path structure of a matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed change mechanism comprises a transmission (117) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the baffle (7), a second gear (118) meshingly connected to the gear ring (9) being fixedly arranged on the input shaft of the transmission (117), and an output shaft of the transmission (117) being connected to the second transmission shaft (113).

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